Strong's Definition
a primitive root; properly, to wander away, i.e. lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)
KJV Usage: break, destroy(- uction), + not escape, fail, lose, (cause to, make) perish, spend, X and surely, take, be undone, X utterly, be void of, have no way to flee
STEPBible — Tyndale Abridged Hebrew Lexicon
אָבַד (a.vad) — to perish. 1) perish, vanish, go astray, be destroyed 1a) (Qal) 1a1) perish, die, be exterminated 1a2) perish, vanish (fig.) 1a3) be lost, strayed 1b) (Piel) 1b1) to destroy, kill, cause to perish, to give up (as lost), exterminate 1b2) to blot out, do away with, cause to vanish, (fig.) 1b3) cause to stray, lose 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to destroy, put to death 1c1a) of divine judgment 1c2) object name of kings (fig.) Aramaic equivalent: a.vad (אֲבַד "to destroy" H0007)
UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew
verb · אֲבֵדָה · אֲבַדֹּון · אָבְדָן · אַבְדָן · אֹבֵד · אֲבַדֹּה
Non-Space | verb qal | ≈ פחד | ≠ כלם
to be lost = state of not being located in the place where it is expected to be
Non-Space | verb qal
to wander, to stray = action by which someone does not stay in a single expected location but moves about from place to place without a clear destination
DEU 26:5 · 1SA 9:3 · 1SA 9:20 · PSA 119:176 · ISA 27:13 · JER 50:6 · EZK 34:4 · EZK 34:16
Think | verb pi | ≠ בקשׁ
to give up as lost = action by which someone decides to stop searching for an object that is not located in its expected place
Non-Exist | Dead | verb qal | ≈ אין · אסף · גוע · כחד · כלה · כתת · מות · נצה · ספה · שׁמד | ≠ ארך יָמִים · עמד
to vanish, to disappear, to be lost, to perish, to be broken, to be destroyed, to be ruined = process by which humans or objects disappear or are removed from existence;◄ either by (a usually unnatural) death, aggression, hardship, disaster, natural processes, acts of destruction, or direct divine intervention
EXO 10:7 · LEV 26:38 · NUM 16:33 · NUM 17:27 · NUM 17:27 · NUM 21:29 · NUM 21:30 · NUM 24:20 · NUM 24:24 · DEU 4:26 · DEU 4:26 · DEU 7:20 · DEU 8:19 · DEU 8:19 · DEU 8:20 · DEU 11:17 · DEU 28:20 · DEU 28:22 · DEU 30:18 · DEU 30:18 · DEU 32:28 · JOS 23:13 · JOS 23:16 · JDG 5:31 · 2SA 1:27 · 2KI 9:8 · EST 4:14 · EST 4:16 · EST 4:16 · JOB 4:7 · JOB 4:9 · JOB 4:11 · JOB 4:20 · JOB 6:18 · JOB 11:20 · JOB 20:7 · JOB 29:13 · JOB 31:19 · PSA 2:12 · PSA 9:4 · PSA 10:16 · PSA 31:13 · PSA 37:20 · PSA 49:11 · PSA 68:3 · PSA 73:27 · PSA 80:17 · PSA 83:18 · PSA 92:10 · PSA 102:27 · PSA 119:92 · PSA 142:5 · PRO 11:10 · PRO 19:9 · PRO 21:28 · PRO 28:28 · PRO 31:6 · ECC 5:13 · ECC 7:15 · ISA 41:11 · ISA 57:1 · ISA 60:12 · JER 6:21 · JER 9:11 · JER 10:11 · JER 10:15 · JER 25:35 · JER 27:10 · JER 27:15 · JER 40:15 · JER 48:8 · JER 48:36 · JER 48:46 · JER 51:18 · EZK 26:17 · JOL 1:11 · AMO 1:8 · AMO 2:14 · AMO 3:15 · OBA 1:12 · JON 1:6 · JON 1:14 · JON 3:9 · JON 4:10 · MIC 4:9 · MIC 7:2 · ZEC 9:5
Non-Exist | Dead | verb pi, verb hif, verb hof | ≈ הרג · כרת · צמת · שׁמד
to destroy, to kill = causative action by which humans or deities remove (other) humans or objects from existence; ◄ by (a usually unnatural) death, aggression, hardship, disaster, destruction, or direct divine intervention; ► often as punishment
LEV 23:30 · NUM 24:19 · NUM 33:52 · NUM 33:52 · DEU 7:10 · DEU 8:20 · DEU 9:3 · DEU 11:4 · DEU 12:2 · DEU 12:2 · DEU 28:51 · DEU 28:63 · JOS 7:7 · 2KI 10:19 · 2KI 11:1 · 2KI 13:7 · 2KI 19:18 · 2KI 21:3 · 2KI 24:2 · EST 3:9 · EST 3:13 · EST 4:7 · EST 7:4 · EST 8:5 · EST 8:11 · EST 9:6 · EST 9:12 · EST 9:24 · EST 9:24 · JOB 12:23 · PSA 5:7 · PSA 9:6 · PSA 21:11 · PSA 119:95 · PSA 143:12 · PRO 1:32 · PRO 29:3 · ISA 26:14 · ISA 37:19 · JER 1:10 · JER 12:17 · JER 15:7 · JER 18:7 · JER 23:1 · JER 31:28 · JER 46:8 · JER 49:38 · LAM 2:9 · EZK 25:7 · EZK 25:16 · EZK 28:16 · EZK 30:13 · EZK 32:13 · DAN 2:12 · DAN 2:18 · DAN 2:24 · DAN 2:24 · DAN 7:11 · OBA 1:8 · MIC 5:9 · ZEP 2:5 · ZEP 2:13
End | verb qal
to perish, to come to an end = process by which an event comes to an end, usually under unfavorable circumstances
JOB 3:3 · JOB 8:13 · JOB 18:17 · JOB 30:2 · PSA 1:6 · PSA 9:7 · PSA 9:19 · PSA 41:6 · PSA 112:10 · PSA 146:4 · PRO 10:28 · PRO 11:7 · PRO 11:7 · ECC 9:6 · ISA 29:14 · JER 4:9 · JER 7:28 · JER 18:18 · JER 49:7 · LAM 3:18 · EZK 7:26 · EZK 12:22 · EZK 19:5 · EZK 37:11
End | verb pi, verb hif
to destroy, to corrupt, to put an end = action by which someone brings an event to an end, usually under unfavorable circumstances
DEU 7:24 · DEU 12:3 · JOB 14:19 · ECC 7:7 · ECC 9:18 · JER 25:10 · JER 51:55 · EZK 6:3 · DAN 7:26
Dead | verb pi | ≈ שׁפךְ דָּם
Collocation: אבד נֶפֶשׁ
to destroy a life > to kill people literally: to destroy a life; hence: = action by which someone causes another person to die a violent death
1 PSA 31:13 NJPS NJB "lost" = [a] | REB GNT "thrown away" (= [a]?) | RSV NIV NRSV CEV "broken" = [e] 2 JER 6:21 MT-K יאבדו | MT-Q וְאָבָדוּ
UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew © United Bible Societies, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon
אָבַד vb. perish (M I אבד, As. abâtu Dl W 184 Aram אֲבַד, Syriac).— Qal Pf. א׳ Nu 21:30 +; אָבְדוּ ψ 10:16 + (+ Ez 6:3 𝔊 Co) etc.; Impf. יֹאבַד Jb 3:3 Je 4:9; יֹאבֵ֑ד Jb 20:7 + 2t.; 3fs. תֹּאבַד Dt 22:3 + 4t.; תֹּאבֵ֑ד Jb 8:13 + 3t.; יֹאבְדוּ Ju 5:31 + 3t.; יֹאבֵ֑דוּ Jb 4:9 +; 3fpl. וַתֹּאבַדְנָה֙ I S 9:3; תֹּאבֵדוּן Dt 4:26 +; נֹאבֵ֑ד Jon 1:6, 3:9; נֹאבְדָה Jon 1:14 etc.; Inf. abs. אָבֹד Dt 4:26 + 2t.; cstr. אֲבֹד Dt 7:10 Pr 11:10; אֲבָדְךָ Dt 28:20; אָבְדֶ֑ךָ Dt 28:22; אֲבָדְכֶם Jos 23:13; אָבְדָם Ob 12 Pr 28:28; Pt. אֹבֵד Dt 26:5 + 7t.; cstr. אֹבַד Dt 32:28 (bef. ע? v. Di Bö § 378); etc. perish, die, of individuals (mostly late) Nu 17:27 (∥ גוע & (v. 28) מות), (also Dt 26:5? cf. infr.) Jon 1:6, 14 Jb 31:19 cf. 29:13 Pr 31:6 Est 4:14, 16, 16 Mi 4:9 Je 40:15 cf. Is 57:1 Pr 11:10 28:28 Ec 7:15 ψ 119:92; emphasis on morality Jb 4:20 ψ 146:4 Ec 9:6; Saul & Jonath., under fig. of weapons 2 S 1:27; lion Jb 4:11; caravan Jb 6:18 (cf. Di); cf. אָ׳ חָסִיד מִן־הָאָרֶץ Mi 7:2, וְאָ׳ מֶלֶךְ מֵֽעַזָּה Zc 9:5; perish, be exterminated (judgment for sin), of Israel Lv 26:38 Dt 8:19, 19, 20 28:20, 22 30:18, 18 Je 27:10, 15 cf. 6:21, Ob 12 cf. ψ 80:17 Is 27:13; other nations Dt 7:20 Je 10:15 51:18 ψ 2:12 10:16 83:18 cf. 9:4 Am 1:8 Is 41:11 60:12 cf. Jon 3:9 v. also Ex 10:7 Nu 21:29, 30 (JE) Je 48:46; house of Ahab 2 K 9:8; wicked in general Ju 5:31 Jb 4:9 cf. v 7, ψ 37:20 49:11 68:3 (∥ sim. of melting wax), 73:27 92:10; also Pr 19:9 21:28; לָנֶצַח א׳ Jb 20:7; cf. דֶרֶךְ רְשָׁעִים א׳ ψ 1:6; sq. מֵעַל הָאָ֑רֶץ (of annihilation of Isr.) Dt 4:26, 26 11:17 Jos 23:13, 16 (D); sq. מִתּוֹךְ הַקָּהָל (of Korah’s company) Nu 16:33 (JE); perish, be ruined, destroyed, of inanimate things, e.g. land Je 9:11 (∥ נִצְּתָה כַמִּדְבָּר) cf. 48:8; harvest Jo 1:11; Jonah’s gourd Jon 4:10; riches Je 48:36 Ec 5:13; vessel ψ 31:13; houses Am 3:15 (so oft. As. Dl W); city Ez 26:17 (but del. 𝔊 Co); cf. bamôth Ez 6:3 𝔊 Co; heavens & earth ψ 102:27.
fig. perish, vanish, subj. memory Jb 18:17 ψ 9:7; name ψ 41:6 (i.e. be forgotten); vigour Jb 30:2; wisdom Is 29:14; cf. אֹבַד עֵצוֹת Dt 32:28; אֱמוּנָה Je 7:28 (∥ נִכְרְתָה); חָזוֹן Ez 12:22; יוֹם Jb 3:3 (i.e. blotted out); לֵב Je 4:9 (i.e. courage fail); תִּקְוָת ψ 9:19 Pr 10:28 11:7 Ez 19:5 37:11 Jb 8:13; so תַּאֲוַת ψ 112:10 (i.e. come to naught); תּוֹחֶלֶת Pr 11:7, sq. מִן + agent La 3:18; תּוֹרָה + עֵצָה sq. מן + persons negligent Je 18:18 Ez 7:26, cf. Je 49:7; esp. א׳ מָנוֹס מִן־ (i.e. they could not escape) Am 2:14 Je 25:35 Jb 11:20 ψ 142:5.
be lost, strayed, asses I S 9:3, 20; sheep Je 50:6 Ez 34:4, 16 ψ 119:176 (fig. of erring men); perh. Dt 26:5.
Pi. caus. of Qal.—Pf. אִבַּד 2 K 21:3 + 2 t.; sf. וָֽאַבֶּדְךָ Co Ez 28:16 cf. infr.; אִבַּדְתִּי Je 15:7; וְאִבַּדְתִּ֫י Ez 6:3 (𝔊 Co וְאָֽבְדוּ) etc.; Impf. יְאַבֵּד Ec 9:18; וִֽיאַבֵּד Ec 7:7 Zp 2:13; 1 s. sf. וָאַבֶּדְךָ Ez 28:16 (for וָאֲאַבּ׳ Ew § 72 a Ol § 79 a Kö I 338 Ges § 68 nn; but Co 3 ms.; v. also Co 38 14); תְּאַבְּדוּן Dt 12:2 etc.; Inf. abs. אַבֵּד Dt 12:2 + 3 t.; cstr. id. Ez 22:27 + etc.; Pt. מְאַבְּדִים Je 23:1. cause to perish, destroy, kill, obj. pers. (mostly late) 2 K 11:1 Est 3:9 4:7 8:5 9:24; ∥ הרג 9:6, 12; ∥ הַשְׁמִיד + הרג 3:13 7:4 8:11; ∥ המם Est 9:24; cf. ψ 119:95; obj. נְפָשׁוֹת Ez 22:27 (del. 𝔊 Co); in judgment, subj. י׳ ψ 5:7; cf. Pr 1:32; sq. מִתּוֹךְ Ez 28:16; obj. a people 2 K 13:7 2 K 19:18 = Is 37:19; Jb 12:23; in judgment Dt 11:4 Je 12:17 15:7 Zp 2:13 ψ 9:6 cf. 21:11; obj. inanimate things esp. idols, bamôth etc., Nu 33:52, 52 (J) Dt 12:2, 2 2 K 21:3 Ez 6:3 (but cf. 𝔊 Co supr.); bars of Zion La 2:9 (∥ שִׁבַּר).
fig. cause to vanish, blot out, do away with names of idols Dt 12:3; voice of Babylon Je 51:55; memory of dead Is 26:14; substance Pr 29:3; understanding Ec 7:7; good (טוֹבָה q.v.) Ec 9:18.
cause to stray, lose; obj. Isr. under fig. of flock Je 23:1 (∥ הֵפִיץ); abs. Ec 3:6 (∥ בַקֵּשׁ).
Hiph. Pf. וְהֶֽאֱבִיד Nu 24:19; הֶאֱבַ֑דְתָּ Jb 14:19 etc.; Impf. אֹבִידָה Je 46:8 (Ges § 68, 2 R.1). Inf. cstr. הַאֲבִיד 2 K 10:19 + etc.; Pt. מַאֲבִיד Dt 8:20. destroy, put to death, in judgment, (subj. י׳) obj. pers. Lv 23:30 (sq. מִקֶּרֶב עַמָּהּ; ∥ כָּרַת v 29); Je 49:38 (sq. מִשָּׁם); Ob 8 (sq. מֵֽאֱדוֹם); obj. nation, Ammon Ez 25:7 (sq. מן־הארצות; ∥ כָּרַת), cf. v 16; Canaanites Dt 8:20 (sq. מִפְּנֵיכֶם); Canaan = Philistines Zp 2:5 (∥ כָּרַת); esp. Isr. Dt 28:51, 63 (∥ הַשְׁמִיד), cf. Js 7:7; also abs. Je 18:7 (∥ לִנְתוֹשׁ וְלִנְתוֹץ); = 1:10 (+ וְלַהֲרוֹס) = 31:28 (+ וּלְהָרֵעַ); animals Ez 32:13 (sq. מֵעַל מַיִם רַבִּים); cf. Dt 7:10; ψ 143:12 (∥ תַּצְמִית); (human subj.), obj. servants of Baal 2 K 10:19, obj. nation Dt 9:3, cf. Nu 24:19 (E; sq. מֵעִֽיר); 2 K 24:2; cf. Je 46:8; obj. inanimate, chariots Mi 5:9; idols Ez 30:13 (del. BCo).
fig., obj. name of kings Dt 7:24 (sq. מִתַּחַת הַשָּׁמָיִם); hope Jb 14:19; voice of mirth etc. Je 25:10 (cf. 51:55 Pi. supr.)
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