Isaiah 30:22 — Word Study
WLCוְטִמֵּאתֶ֗ם אֶת־ צִפּוּי֙ פְּסִילֵ֣י כַסְפֶּ֔ךָ וְאֶת־ אֲפֻדַּ֖ת מַסֵּכַ֣ת זְהָבֶ֑ךָ תִּזְרֵם֙ כְּמ֣וֹ דָוָ֔ה צֵ֖א תֹּ֥אמַר לֽוֹ׃
BSASo you will desecrateṭâmêʼ [defile, make unclean] your silver-platedtsippûwy [coated with silver, overlaid with silver] idolspᵉçîyl [carved images, false gods] and your gold-platedʼêphuddâh [covered with gold, made of gold] imagesmaççêkâh [molten images, cast metal images] You will throw them awayzârâh▸ [cast them out, scatter them] likekᵉmôw menstrual clothsdâveh [unclean things, polluted garments] sayingʼâmar▸
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְטִמֵּאתֶ֗ם | and you will make unclean | Verb, Piel, sequential perfect second person masculine plural |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| צִפּוּי֙ | [the] plating of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| פְּסִילֵ֣י | [the] images of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| כַסְפֶּ֔ךָ | silver your | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| אֲפֻדַּ֖ת | [the] sheathing of | Noun common, feminine singular construct |
| מַסֵּכַ֣ת | [the] molten image of | Noun common, feminine singular construct |
| זְהָבֶ֑ךָ | gold your | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| תִּזְרֵם֙ | you will throw away them | Verb qal imperfect second person masculine singular, suffix |
| כְּמ֣וֹ | like | Preposition |
| דָוָ֔ה | a menstrual [rag] | Adj |
| צֵ֖א | filth | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| תֹּ֥אמַר | you will say | Verb, Qal, imperfect second person masculine singular |
| לֽוֹ׃ | to it | Preposition, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | So you will desecrate your silver-plated idols and your gold-plated images. You will throw them away like menstrual cloths, saying to them, “Be gone!” |
| KJV | Ye shall defile also the covering of thy graven images of silver, and the ornament of thy molten images of gold: thou shalt cast them away as a menstruous cloth; thou shalt say unto it, Get thee hence. |
| ASV | And ye shall defile the overlaying of thy graven images of silver, and the plating of thy molten images of gold: thou shalt cast them away as an unclean thing; thou shalt say unto it, Get thee hence. |
| YLT | And ye have defiled the covering of Thy graven images of silver, And the ephod of thy molten image of gold, Thou scatterest them as a sickening thing, 'Go out,' thou sayest to it. |
| WEB | You shall defile the overlaying of your engraved images of silver, and the plating of your molten images of gold. You shall cast them away as an unclean thing. You shall tell it, “Go away!” |
| BBE | And you will make unclean what is covering your pictured images of silver, and the plating of your images of gold: you will send them away as an unclean thing, saying, Be gone! |
Where they part company is טָמֵא — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has a main clause followed by two subordinate phrases, illustrating the actions and words of the people.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbטָמֵא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Isaiah 30:22
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Call to Puritygenerated
Isaiah 30:22 addresses the people of Israel, urging them to turn away from their idols and false gods. This call comes with a promise of restoration and blessings if they heed God's commands. The surrounding verses emphasize the importance of following God's guidance, contrasting the futility of idolatry with the richness of divine provision, as seen in the verses before and after.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isaiah 2:20–21 | In that day men will cast away to the moles and bats their idols of silver and gold— the idols they made to worship. |
| 2 | Isaiah 17:7–8 | In that day men will look to their Maker and turn their eyes to the Holy One of Israel. |
| 3 | Isaiah 27:9 | Therefore Jacob’s guilt will be atoned for, and the full fruit of the removal of his sin will be this: When he makes all the altar stones like crushed bits of chalk, no Asherah poles or incense altars will remain standing. |
| 4 | Isaiah 31:7 | For on that day, every one of you will reject the idols of silver and gold that your own hands have sinfully made. |
| 5 | 2 Kings 23:4–20 | Then the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, the priests second in rank, and the doorkeepers to remove from the temple of the LORD all the articles made for Baal, Asherah, and all the host of heaven. And he burned them outside Jerusalem in the fields of Kidron and carried their ashes to Bethel. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 17 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — טָמֵא, ve.ti.me.Temgenerated
The verb טָמֵא (tame') is a Piel form, indicating an active participation in making something unclean. It encompasses moral and ceremonial impurity, often associated with idolatry. The parsing as a sequential perfect second person masculine plural shows that the action is directed at the audience, emphasizing their role in the act of defilement.
This word is used throughout the Hebrew Bible to describe various forms of uncleanness, particularly in contexts relating to worship and moral behavior. The implications of this word highlight the seriousness of idolatry and the demand for purity in the worship of God.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb טִמֵּאתֶם governs the main action of the verse, with multiple noun phrases detailing what is being desecrated. The structure emphasizes the act of defilement and the objects involved, illustrating the gravity of the message.
The phrase כְּמוֹ דָוָה introduces a simile, comparing the discarded idols to menstrual cloths, which underscores their unclean status in a vivid manner.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates טָמֵא as ἐχαρεῖς, which conveys a sense of being made unclean or defiled. This choice reflects an interpretation that aligns with the broader themes of purity and idolatry present in the text.
The Greek word choice indicates a similar emphasis on the act of desecration, although the specific cultural connotations may differ between the Hebrew and Greek contexts.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Isaiah 30:22 tells us that the people will defile their silver and gold idols, treating them as unclean. They will throw them away like menstrual cloths, indicating a complete rejection of these false gods.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To desecrate idols means to make them unclean or to treat them with contempt, showing a rejection of their value and significance.
The comparison highlights the extreme uncleanliness of idols in the eyes of God, emphasizing that they should be discarded as one would dispose of something considered impure.
Silver and gold represent wealth and value, and the act of desecrating these idols signifies turning away from materialism and false worship towards true devotion to God.
This verse encapsulates Isaiah's call for repentance and purity, urging the people to abandon their idolatrous practices and return to a faithful relationship with God.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What are some modern-day idols that I need to reconsider or remove from my life?
- How can I ensure that my worship is directed solely to God and not to material things?
- In what ways can I help others recognize and discard their own idols?
- What steps can I take to cultivate a heart that values purity and devotion to God?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The verse is referenced by Jerome, who discusses the guidance provided by God to His people, emphasizing the importance of following His way.
And your teacher will not fly away from you anymore, and your eyes will see your instructor, and your ears will hear the word behind you, saying: This is the way, walk in it, neither to the right nor to the left.Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 30 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Isaiah 30:22 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleYe shall defile also the covering of thy graven images of silver,.... Images made of solid silver, covered with rich and costly garments; or images covered and decorated with plates of silver; see
Read John Gill on Isaiah 30 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryYe shall defile also the covering of thy graven images of silver, and the ornament of thy molten images of gold: thou shalt cast them away as a menstruous cloth; thou shalt say unto it, Get thee hence.
Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 30 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleYe shall defile, to show your contempt of it, and to make it unfit for your own or any other’ s use. The covering; the leaves or plates wherewith their wooden images were frequently covered; of which see ,19 Numbers 16:38,39. The ornament; or, the coat or covering. Heb. the ephod, as this very word is rendered, 39:5, which was a costly and glorious robe. The idolaters spared no cost in the making and adorning their idols; and, among others, the image of Jupiter in Sicily had a coat put upon it made all of massy gold. Thou shalt cast them away as a menstruous cloth; thou shalt so deeply abhor idolatry, that thou shalt east away with indignation all the monuments and instruments thereof.
Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 30 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsIsaiah 30:22 Ye shall defile also the covering of thy graven images of silver, and the ornament of thy molten images of gold: thou shalt cast them away as a menstruous cloth; thou shalt say unto it, Get thee hence.Ver. 22. Thou shalt defile also the covering.] Thou shalt pollute the idols which thou hadst perfumed. Such a change is wrought in people by the Word preached, as is to be seen in all the reformed churches; cavete ab idolis, beware of idols. Thou shalt cast them away as a menstruous cloth.] Ut mulierem laborantem ex mensibus, as a labouring woman from her period. Thou shalt say unto them, Get thee hence.] Apage, Abi in malam crucem. Men should heartily hate sin by them committed…
Read John Trapp on Isaiah 30 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(22) Ye shall defile also . . .—The first effect of the turning of the people was to be the putting away of what had been their besetting sin. The “graven” image possibly refers to the “carved” wooden figure which was afterwards overlaid with silver and gold. (Comp. Isaiah 40:19.) These, which had been worshipped, were now to be cast aside, like that which was the very type of loathsomeness.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 30 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 22. Ye shall defile - "Ye shall treat as defiled"] The very prohibition of Moses, Deuteronomy 7:25, only thrown out of the prose into the poetical form: "The graven images of their gods ye shall burn with fire: thou shalt not desire the silver or the gold that is on them; nor take it unto thee, lest thou be snared therein; for it is an abomination to JEHOVAH thy God."
Read AdamClarke on Isaiah 30 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges22. The renunciation of idolatry. Ye shall defile] i.e. “desecrate” (2 Kings 23:8 ff.). covering … ornament] Overlaying … plating, as R.V. An idol consisted of a core of wood or inferior metal, overlaid with a costly layer of silver or gold. The latter part was of course the most valuable, and perhaps also the most sacred (see Deuteronomy 7:25 f.). cast them away, &c.] scatter them as an unclean thing; Exodus 32:20.
Read Cambridge on Isaiah 30 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleYe shall defile also - That is, you shall regard them as polluted and abominable.
Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 30 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
So you will desecrate your silver-plated idols and your gold-plated images. You will throw them away like menstrual cloths, saying to them, “Be gone!”
You shall defile the overlaying of your engraved images of silver, and the plating of your molten images of gold. You shall cast them away as an unclean thing. You shall tell it, “Go away!”
So you will desecrate your silver-plated idols and your gold-plated images. You will throw them away like menstrual cloths, saying to them, “Be gone!”
You will desecrate your silver-plated idols and your gold-plated images. You will throw them away as if they were a menstrual rag, saying to them, “Get out!”
Tyndale line
Ye shall defile also the covering of thy graven images of silver, and the ornament of thy molten images of gold: thou shalt cast them away as a menstruous cloth; thou shalt say unto it, Get thee hence.
And ye shall defile the overlaying of thy graven images of silver, and the plating of thy molten images of gold: thou shalt cast them away as an unclean thing; thou shalt say unto it, Get thee hence.
And ye shall defile the overlaying of thy graven images of silver, and the plating of thy molten images of gold: thou shalt cast them away as an unclean thing; thou shalt say unto it, Get thee hence.
Ye shall defile also the covering of thy graven images of silver, and the ornament of thy molten images of gold: thou shalt cast them away as a polluted cloth; thou shalt say to it, Be gone from me.
And ye shall pollute the couering of the images of siluer, and the riche ornament of thine images of golde, and cast them away as a menstruous cloth, and thou shalt say vnto it, Get thee hence.
Strictly literal
And ye shall defile the silver covering of your graven images, and the gold overlaying of your molten images; thou shalt cast them away as a menstruous cloth: Out! shalt thou say unto it.
And ye have defiled the covering of Thy graven images of silver, And the ephod of thy molten image of gold, Thou scatterest them as a sickening thing, 'Go out,' thou sayest to it.
And you have defiled the covering of Your carved images of silver, || And the ephod of your molten image of gold, || You scatter them as a sickening thing, “Go out,” you say to it.
And ye will regard as unclean the covering of thy graven idols of silver, and the ornament of thy molten images of gold: thou wilt cast them away as a filthy thing; “Get thee hence,” wilt thou say unto them.
You will desecrate your carved figures overlaid with silver and your gold cast figures. You will throw them away like a menstrual rag. You will say to them, “Get out of here.”
From the Latin
And thou shalt defile the plates of thy graven things of silver, and the garment of thy molten things of gold, and shalt cast them away as the uncleanness of a menstruous woman. Thou shalt say to it: Get thee hence.
Simplified
You will defile your silver-coated idols coated with silver and your gold-covered images. You will throw them away like a dirty cloth used for periods, and say to them, “out of here!”
And you will make unclean what is covering your pictured images of silver, and the plating of your images of gold: you will send them away as an unclean thing, saying, Be gone!
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text aligns closely with the Dead Sea Scrolls, particularly 1Qisaa, which preserves the majority of the wording. Both witnesses affirm the message of defilement and the call to discard idols, with minor variations in spelling and grammar.
וְטִמֵּאתֶ֗ם אֶת־ צִפּוּי֙ פְּסִילֵ֣י כַסְפֶּ֔ךָ וְאֶת־ אֲפֻדַּ֖ת מַסֵּכַ֣ת זְהָבֶ֑ךָ תִּזְרֵם֙ כְּמ֣וֹ דָוָ֔ה צֵ֖א תֹּ֥אמַר לֽוֹ׃
4 of the 15 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
וטמיתם את צפוי פסילי כספ׳ך ואת אפודות מסכות זהב׳ך תזר׳ם כמו דוה צא תאמר ל׳ו
15 words on the leather.
[וטמאתם] [את] [צא] תאמר ל׳ו
5 words of the verse are on this fragment — 1 partly restored, 3 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 30:22
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
טָמֵא (tame') is a Hebrew root meaning to be or become unclean, covering various contexts such as sexual, religious, and ceremonial impurity. The noun form, טָמְאָה (tam'ah), refers to uncleanness itself. The entries indicate that the word can be used reflexively to mean defiling oneself.
טָמֵא vb. be or become unclean
Qal be or become unclean
Niph. defile oneself, be defiled
Pi. defile
Pu. myself is not polluted
Hithp.—reflexive, defile oneself
Hothp. after that she has been defiled
base
טָמְאָה n.f. uncleanness Mi 2:10
ref
H2930a טָמֵא be or become unclean .be or become unclean
. defile oneself, be defiled
. defile
. myself is not pulluted
.—reflexive, defile oneself
. after that she has been defiled
H2930b טָמְאָה uncleanness
2930 tame' taw-may'
a primitive root; to be foul, especially in a ceremial or
moral sense (contaminated):--defile (self), pollute (self), be
(make, make self, pronounce) unclean, X utterly.
טָמֵא (ta.me) — to defile.
1) to be unclean, become unclean, become impure
1a) (Qal) to be or become unclean
1a1) sexually
1a2) religiously
1a3) ceremonially
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to defile oneself, be defiled
1b1a) sexually
1b1b) by idolatry
1b1c) ceremonially
1b2) to be regarded as unclean
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to defile
1c1a) sexually
1c1b) religiously
1c1c) ceremonially
1c2) to pronounce unclean, declare unclean (ceremonially)
1c3) to profane (God's name)
1d) (Pual) to be defiled
1e) (Hithpael) to be unclean
1f) (Hothpael) to be defiled
טָמְאָה (tam.ah) — uncleanness.
uncleanness
Conj | V-Piel-2mp — Verb · Piel · sequential perfect second person masculine pluralHc/Vpq2mp
See CLEAN.
→ (Ceremonially speaking)
Creatures designated as such Le 11; De 14
→ See UNCLEANNESS
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
צִפּוּי (tsippuwy) refers to metal plating or encasement, derived from the root word for covering. The entries consistently define it as a form of overlaying with metal, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
צִפּוּי n.[m.] metal plating
base
H6826 צִפּוּי metal plating
6826 tsippuwy tsip-poo'-ee
from 6823; encasement (with metal):--covering, overlaying.
see HEBREW for 06823
צִפּוּי (tsip.puy) — plating.
plating (of metal), metal plating
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
פָּסִיל (pasil) refers to an idol or a carved image, derived from the root word for idol, פֶּ֫סֶל (pesel). It encompasses the concept of a graven image and is noted in various contexts related to idolatry. The entries indicate that it is closely related to another term for idol, but do not present significant disagreement among lexicons.
[פָּסִיל] 23 n.m. id. [פֶּ֫סֶל]
base
H6456 [פָּסִיל] id. [פֶּ֫סֶל]
6456 pciyl pes-eel'
from 6458; an idol:--carved (graven) image, quarry.
see HEBREW for 06458
פָּסִיל (pe.sil) — idol.
image, idol, graven image
Another spelling of pe.sel (פֶּ֫סֶל "idol" H6459)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
כֶּ֫סֶף (ke.seph) refers to silver and money, derived from a root meaning 'to be pale.' It encompasses various aspects of silver, including its use as a metal, ornament, and a measure of wealth or value. The term appears in contexts related to payment and price, indicating its significance in transactions.
כֶּ֫סֶף 402 n.m. silver, money
= silver ore, raw silver
silver as bright, shining
silver, as wealth
silver as spoil of war
silver as merchandise
silver as costly gift
silver as material
silver as measure of weight and value
among vbs. and phr.
base
H3701 כֶּ֫סֶף silver, money
3701 keceph keh'-sef
from 3700; silver (from its pale color); by implication,
money:--money, price, silver(-ling).
see HEBREW for 03700
כֶּ֫סֶף (ke.seph) — silver: money.
: money/payment/silver
1) silver, money
1a) silver
1a1) as metal
1a2) as ornament
1a3) as colour
1b) money, shekels, talents
כֶּ֫סֶף (ke.seph) — silver: price.
: price
1) silver, money
1a) silver
1a1) as metal
1a2) as ornament
1a3) as colour
1b) money, shekels, talents
HNcmsc/Sp2ms — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp2ms
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
אֲפֻדָּה (ephuddah) refers to an ephod, a type of garment worn by priests, particularly the high priest, which is elaborately made with precious materials. It can also denote a metallic covering for idols. The term is feminine and relates to the concept of girding or plating.
אֲפֻדָּה n.f. ephod
of high priest’s ephod
of sheathing of idol-images
base
H642 אֲפֻדָּה ephod . of high priest’s ephod
. of sheathing of idol-images
642 'ephuddah ay-food-daw'
feminine of 646; a girding on (of the ephod); hence,
generally, a plating (of metal):--ephod, ornament.
see HEBREW for 0646
אֲפֻדָּה (e.phud.dah) — ephod.
1) ephod
1a) priestly garment, shoulder-cape or mantle, outer garment
1a1) worn by an ordinary priest and made of white stuff
1a2) worn by the high priest-more costly, woven of gold, blue, purple, scarlet, and linen threads provided with shoulder-pieces and a breast piece of like material, ornamented with gems and gold
1b) a metallic covering for idols, a plating over
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular constructHNcfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
מַסֵּכָה (maccekah) refers to a concept of pouring or fusion, primarily associated with molten metal or images, as well as libations or drink offerings. It can also denote woven materials, such as coverings or veils. The term encompasses both physical objects and ritual practices, highlighting its dual significance in ancient contexts.
מַסֵּכָה n.f. 1. molten metal, or image; 2. libation
libation, with covenant sacrif. in making covenant
molten metal, or image
base
מַסֵּכָה n.f. woven stuff, web, esp. as covering
base
H4541a מַסֵּכָה . molten metal, or image
. libation
H4541b מַסֵּכָה woven stuff, web, esp. as covering
4541 maccekah mas-say-kaw'
from 5258; properly, a pouring over, i.e. fusion of metal
(especially a cast image); by implication, a libation, i.e.
league; concretely a coverlet (as if poured out):--covering,
molten (image), vail.
see HEBREW for 05258
מַסֵּכָה (mas.se.khah) — liquid.
1) a pouring, libation, molten metal, cast image, drink offering
1a) libation (with covenant sacrifice)
1b) molten metal, molten image, molten gods
מַסֵּכָה (mas.se.khah) — veil.
web, covering, veil, woven stuff
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular constructHNcfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
זָהָב (zahab) means gold and is derived from an unused root that conveys the idea of shimmering. It encompasses various aspects of gold, including its value as a precious metal, its use as a measure of weight, and its figurative brilliance. The term appears in contexts related to wealth, merchandise, and gifts.
זָהָב 385 n.m. gold
= gold-ore, gold in raw state
gold as wealth
gold as spoil of war
gold as merchandise
gold as costly gift
gold as material
gold described by its source
gold defined by var. adj. and pts.
as measure of weight and value
= golden oil, from colour
often named with
the chief vbs. used
base
H2091 זָהָב gold
2091 zahab zaw-hawb'
from an unused root meaning to shimmer; gold, figuratively,
something gold-colored (i.e. yellow), as oil, a clear sky:--
gold(-en), fair weather.
זָהָב (za.hav) — gold.
1) gold
1a) as precious metal
1b) as a measure of weight
1c) of brilliance, splendour (fig.)
Aramaic equivalent: de.hav (דְּהַב "gold" H1722)
HNcmsc/Sp2ms — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp2ms
זָרָה (zarah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to scatter, fan, or winnow. It encompasses various actions such as tossing about, dispersing, and spreading. The word appears in different forms, including Qal (to scatter), Niphal (to be scattered), and Piel (to intensively scatter). Notably, it is used in contexts like the scattering of the Israelites and the winnowing of grain.
[זָרָה] vb. scatter, fan, winnow (Ar. Arabic cause to fly, scatter (of wind), winnow; Aram. דְּרָא, Syriac; Eth. Ethiopic)—
Qal
scatter, the powder into which the golden calf was ground
fan, winnow
Niph. be scattered, dispersed, of Israel
Pi.
(intens. of Qal) scatter, disperse, esp. of peoples
winnow, sift
Pu. be scattered
base
H2219 [זָרָה] scatter, fan, winnow
2219 zarah zaw-raw'
a primitive root (compare 2114); to toss about; by
implication, to diffuse, winnow:--cast away, compass,
disperse, fan, scatter (away), spread, strew, winnow.
see HEBREW for 02114
זָרָה (za.rah) — to scatter.
1) to scatter, fan, cast away, winnow, disperse, compass, spread, be scattered, be dispersed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to scatter
1a2) to fan, winnow
1b) (Niphal) to be scattered, be dispersed
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to scatter, disperse (intensive of Qal)
1c2) to winnow, sift
1d) (Pual) to be scattered, be spread out
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms | Suff — Verb qal imperfect second person masculine singular · suffixHVqi2ms/Sp3mp
כְּמוֹ (kemo) is an adverb and conjunction meaning 'like' or 'as,' often used to draw comparisons or indicate similarity. It can also mean 'when' or 'according to.' The word is derived from a pleonastic form of the prefix כְּ (k-) and is related to the word מוֹ (mo). There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons.
כְּמוֹ adv. and conj. like, as, when (lit. the like of what (viz.) …, a pleon. form of כְּ (v. מוֹ), and, like it, prop. a subst.)
base
H3644 כְּמוֹ adv. and conj. like, as, when (lit. the like of what (viz.) …, a pleon. form of כְּ (v. מוֹ), and, like it, prop. a subst.)
3644 kmow kem-o'
or kamow {kaw-mo'}; a form of the prefix "k-", but used
separately (compare 3651); as, thus, so:--according to, (such)
as (it were, well as), in comparison of, like (as, to, unto),
thus, when, worth.
see HEBREW for 03651
כְּמוֹ (ke.mo) — like.
adv
1) like, as, the like of which
conj
2) when, according as, as it were
כְּמוֹ (ke.mo) — (Geruth) Chimham.
Combined with ge.rut (גֵּרוּת "Geruth" H1628)
Prep — PrepositionHR
דָּוֶה (daveh) means faint or unwell, often associated with sickness, particularly in the context of menstruation. It is derived from a root that suggests being sick. The term covers a range of meanings related to weakness and illness.
דָּוֶה adj. faint, unwell
base
H1739 דָּוֶה faint, unwell
1739 daveh daw-veh'
from 1738; sick (especially in menstruation):--faint,
menstruous cloth, she that is sick, having sickness.
see HEBREW for 01738
דָּוֶה (da.veh) — sick.
1) faint, unwell
1a) faint, weak
1b) unwell, menstruous
Adj — AdjHAafsa
Plural in Pr 23:21, "Drowsiness will clothe a man with rags" (qera'im "torn garment"; compare 1Ki 11:30), and figuratively in Isa 64:6 the King James Version, "All our righteousnesses are as filthy rags," in the sense of "tattered clothing" (beghedh, the Revised Version (British and American) "garment"). In Jer 38:11,12 the American Standard Revised Version translates cechabhah, as "rag" (the King James Version, the English Revised Version "old cast clout"), while the King James Version, the English Revised Version use "rotten rag" for melach (the American Standard Revised Version "worn-out garment"). Both cechabhah and melach mean "worn out."
[צֵאָה] n.f. filth, specif. human excrement
base
H6627 [צֵאָה] filth, specif. human excrement
6627 tsa'ah tsaw-aw'
from 3318; issue, i.e. (human) excrement:--that (which)
cometh from (out).
see HEBREW for 03318
צֵאָה (tsa.ah) — excrement.
filth, human excrement, excrement, faeces
HNcfsa — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
אָמַר (amar) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to say' or 'to utter,' with a broad range of uses including to promise, command, or even boast. It appears in various forms, such as in the Qal (to say), Niphal (to be told), and Hiphil (to avow). The entries highlight its versatility in both spoken and internal contexts, though no specific verse is noted.
אָמַר 5287 vb. utter, say
Qal
Say
Say in the heart (= think)
Promise
Command (esp. late)
Niph. be said, told
Hiph. avow, avouch (lit. cause to declare)
Hithp. act proudly, boast
base
H559 אָמַר utter, say .. Say
. Say in the heart (= think)
. Promise
. Command (esp. late)
. be said, told
. avow, avouch (lit. cause to declare)
. act proudly, boast
559 'amar aw-mar'
a primitive root; to say (used with great
latitude):--answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call,
certify, challenge, charge, + (at the, give) command(-ment),
commune, consider, declare, demand, X desire, determine, X
expressly, X indeed, X intend, name, X plainly, promise,
publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), X still, X
suppose, talk, tell, term, X that is, X think, use (speech),
utter, X verily, X yet.
אָמַר (a.mar) — to say.
1) to say, speak, utter
1a) (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend
1b) (Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called
1c) (Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly
1d) (Hiphil) to avow, to avouch
Aramaic equivalent: a.mar (אֲמַר "to say" H0560)
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singularHVqi2ms
וֹ (o) — him.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular
HR/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3ms