Isaiah 30:24 — Word Study
WLCוְהָאֲלָפִ֣ים וְהָעֲיָרִ֗ים עֹֽבְדֵי֙ הָֽאֲדָמָ֔ה בְּלִ֥יל חָמִ֖יץ יֹאכֵ֑לוּ אֲשֶׁר־ זֹרֶ֥ה בָרַ֖חַת וּבַמִּזְרֶֽה׃
BSAThe oxenʼeleph [cattle, young bulls] and donkeysʻayir [colts, young asses] that workʻâbad [serve, till] the groundʼădâmâh [land, earth] will eatʼâkal▸ [devour, consume] saltedchâmîyts△ [seasoned, clean] fodderbᵉlîyl [mixed feed, provender] winnowedzârâh [scattered, tossed] with shovelrachath△ [tool, fork] and pitchforkmizreh [fan, winnowing fork]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְהָאֲלָפִ֣ים | and the cattle | Conjunction, particle, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| וְהָעֲיָרִ֗ים | and the donkeys | Conjunction, particle, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| עֹֽבְדֵי֙ | [which] work | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine plural common |
| הָֽאֲדָמָ֔ה | the ground | Particle, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| בְּלִ֥יל | fodder | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| חָמִ֖יץ | salted | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| יֹאכֵ֑לוּ | they will eat | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| אֲשֶׁר־ | which | Particle |
| זֹרֶ֥ה | [someone has been] winnowing | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular |
| בָרַ֖חַת | with the shovel | Preposition, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| וּבַמִּזְרֶֽה׃ | and with the pitchfork | Conjunction, preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | The oxen and donkeys that work the ground will eat salted fodder, winnowed with shovel and pitchfork. |
| KJV | The oxen likewise and the young asses that ear the ground shall eat clean provender, which hath been winnowed with the shovel and with the fan. |
| ASV | the oxen likewise and the young asses that till the ground shall eat savory provender, which hath been winnowed with the shovel and with the fork. |
| YLT | And the oxen and the young asses serving the ground, Fermented provender do eat, That one is winnowing with shovel and fan. |
| WEB | The oxen likewise and the young donkeys that till the ground will eat savory feed, which has been winnowed with the shovel and with the fork. |
| BBE | And the oxen and the young asses which are used for ploughing, will have salted grain which has been made free from the waste with fork and basket. |
Where they part company is חָמִ֖יץ — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has one main clause with several descriptive phrases, highlighting the animals and their actions.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbעָבַד
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
2 of 11 occur nowhere else in the Old Testament — words chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Isaiah 30:24
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — God's Provision for His Peoplegenerated
Isaiah 30:24 describes a time of abundance when the oxen and donkeys that work the land will enjoy salted fodder. This imagery reflects God's care for His creation, ensuring that even the animals are well-fed. The surrounding verses highlight the blessings that come from God, including rain for crops and rich harvests, pointing to a time of prosperity and divine favor.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Deuteronomy 25:4 | Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain. |
| 2 | 1 Corinthians 9:9–10 | For it is written in the Law of Moses: “Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.” Is it about oxen that God is concerned? |
| 3 | Genesis 45:6 | For the famine has covered the land these two years, and there will be five more years without plowing or harvesting. |
| 4 | Exodus 34:21 | Six days you shall labor, but on the seventh day you shall rest; even in the seasons of plowing and harvesting, you must rest. |
| 5 | Deuteronomy 21:4 | bring the heifer to a valley with running water that has not been plowed or sown, and break its neck there by the stream. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 6 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — חָמִ֖יץ, cha.Mitzgenerated
The word חָמִ֖יץ (cha.Mitz) means 'salted' or 'seasoned', specifically referring to food that is prepared with salt. It emphasizes the quality of the fodder provided for the animals, indicating that they will receive not just any food, but well-prepared and nourishing sustenance.
This word is derived from a root that suggests salting, which is important in agricultural contexts. The parsing indicates it is a noun in the singular form, highlighting the specific type of fodder that will be available to the cattle and donkeys.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against. The BSB uses salted for חָמִ֖יץ, aligning with the KJV and ASV.
Where translations differ is in the rendering of חָמִ֖יץ. The KJV uses clean, while the NETB and ULB choose seasoned. Each version reflects a different nuance of the Hebrew term.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb of the verse is יֹאכֵ֑לוּ, they will eat, which governs the entire sentence. The structure includes several noun phrases: the subjects (the oxen and donkeys), the object (salted fodder), and prepositional phrases describing the method of preparation.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the animals first, indicating their importance in the context of God's provision, followed by the action of eating and the description of the fodder.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, חָמִ֖יץ is rendered as ἄρτος, meaning 'bread' or 'food'. This choice broadens the understanding of the sustenance provided, suggesting a more general provision rather than a specific type of fodder.
The translation reflects a different emphasis, focusing on the idea of nourishment rather than the specific quality of the food, which is significant in the context of God's abundant care.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Isaiah 30:24 tells us that the oxen and donkeys that work the ground will eat salted fodder. This means that the animals will be well-fed with good quality food, prepared with care. The surrounding verses highlight God's blessings, including rain and abundant harvests.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Salted fodder indicates that the food provided for the animals is not only nutritious but also well-prepared, enhancing its quality.
Oxen and donkeys are important working animals in agriculture, symbolizing the prosperity and productivity of the land.
The verse illustrates God's care for all of creation, ensuring that even the animals that serve the land are well-fed and cared for.
Winnowing refers to the process of separating grain from chaff, indicating the care taken in preparing food, which reflects God's attention to detail in providing for His people and animals.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How can I recognize and appreciate the ways God provides for me in my daily life?
- What does this verse teach about the importance of caring for animals and creation?
- In what ways can I ensure that I am providing for others, as God provides for us?
- How does understanding God's provision in this verse impact my view of abundance and gratitude?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Jerome comments on this verse, noting the abundance promised by God, emphasizing the richness of the land and its produce.
And rain will be given to your seed wherever you sow it in the land, and the bread of the earth will be most abundant and rich. LXX: Then rain will be given to the seed of your land, and the bread of the earth will be plentiful and rich.Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 30 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Isaiah 30:24 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThe oxen likewise and the young asses that ear the ground,.... Or till it; for though these might not be joined together in a yoke, yet they were made use of separately in ploughing land, Deuteronomy
Read John Gill on Isaiah 30 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThe oxen likewise and the young asses that ear the ground shall eat clean provender, which hath been winnowed with the shovel and with the fan. The young donkeys that ear (i:e., till) the ground.
Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 30 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleClean provender; or, as learned Mr. Gataker renders it, threshed, which agrees well with the following clause, corn being first threshed, and then winnowed. The sense is, there should be such plenty of corn, that their very beasts, instead of straw, should eat corn; and that not in the ear, or with the straw, but the pure grain.
Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 30 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsIsaiah 30:24 The oxen likewise and the young asses that ear the ground shall eat clean provender, which hath been winnowed with the shovel and with the fan.Ver. 24. Shall eat clean provender.] Such plenty there shall be of corn that the cattle shall have of the best threshed out and winnowed. The Vulgate hath it, commistum migma, whereby is understood diversity of grains mingled together, as in horse bread.
Read John Trapp on Isaiah 30 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(24) The oxen likewise and the young asses . . .—It is, perhaps, hardly necessary to remind the reader that the verb “ear” means “plough.” Clean provender.—Literally, salted. The epithet describes what in modern phrase would be the favourite “mash” of the highest class of cattle-feeding, corn mixed with salt or alkaline herbs; and this was to be made, not, as commonly, of inferior barley and chopped straw, but of the finest winnowed grain. That this should be given not to oxen and horses only, but to the lowlier asses, made up the ne plus ultra of plenty.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 30 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges24. Comp. Paul’s “Doth God take care for oxen?” (1 Corinthians 9:9). that ear] (the obsolete English word for “plough”), strictly till, R.V. clean provender] salted fodder, i.e. the best fodder (Job 6:5) mixed with grains of salt. The devotion of cattle to salt in any form is well known. Gesenius quotes an Arabic proverb which says that “sweet fodder is the camel’s bread, salted fodder is his comfit.” The word for “fodder” (bìlîl) is usually explained as “mixture” (farrago) of corn with beans, vetches, &c. According to Wetzstein (in Delitzsch’s Comm. on this verse) it means “ripe barley.” In Syriac it denotes “fresh corn.” winnowed with the shovel and with the fan] i.e. prepared with the…
Read Cambridge on Isaiah 30 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThe young donkeys that ear the ground - Hebrew, ‘Labouring,’ or ‘cultivating the ground,’ that is, plowing it. The Old English word “ear” (from the Latin aro) meant to till, to cultivate.
Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 30 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible19-26. Having opened thus the ever-pleasing thought of the prophet — namely, the divine forbearance — the way is prepared now for comfort to the devout class of people in Jerusalem.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Isaiah 30 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
The oxen and donkeys that work the ground will eat salted fodder, winnowed with shovel and pitchfork.
The oxen likewise and the young donkeys that till the ground will eat savory feed, which has been winnowed with the shovel and with the fork.
The oxen and donkeys that work the ground will eat salted fodder, winnowed with shovel and pitchfork.
The oxen and donkeys used in plowing will eat seasoned feed winnowed with a shovel and pitchfork.
Tyndale line
The oxen likewise and the young asses that ear the ground shall eat clean provender, which hath been winnowed with the shovel and with the fan.
the oxen likewise and the young asses that till the ground shall eat savory provender, which hath been winnowed with the shovel and with the fork.
the oxen likewise and the young asses that till the ground shall eat savoury provender, which hath been winnowed with the shovel and with the fan.
The oxen likewise and the young asses that plow the ground shall eat clean provender, which hath been winnowed with the shovel and with the fan.
The oxen also and the yong asses, that till the ground, shall eate cleane prouender, which is winowed with the shoouel and with the fanne.
Strictly literal
and the oxen and the asses that till the ground shall eat salted provender, which hath been winnowed with the shovel and with the fan.
And the oxen and the young asses serving the ground, Fermented provender do eat, That one is winnowing with shovel and fan.
And the oxen and the young donkeys serving the ground, || Eat fermented provender, || That one is winnowing with shovel and fan.
The oxen likewise and the young asses that till the ground shall eat salted provender, which hath been winnowed with the shovel and with the fan.
The oxen and the donkeys, who plow the ground, will eat seasoned feed that has been winnowed with a shovel and a fork.
From the Latin
And thy oxen, and the ass colts that till the ground, shall eat mingled provender as it was winnowed in the floor.
Simplified
The oxen and donkeys that help cultivate the earth will eat good greens and grain, spread with fork and shovel.
And the oxen and the young asses which are used for ploughing, will have salted grain which has been made free from the waste with fork and basket.
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Dead Sea Scrolls generally agree in this verse, with the primary difference being the word order. The Septuagint's translation differs more significantly, as it does not match the Hebrew structure closely.
וְהָאֲלָפִ֣ים וְהָעֲיָרִ֗ים עֹֽבְדֵי֙ הָֽאֲדָמָ֔ה בְּלִ֥יל חָמִ֖יץ יֹאכֵ֑לוּ אֲשֶׁר־ זֹרֶ֥ה בָרַ֖חַת וּבַמִּזְרֶֽה׃
5 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
והאלפים והעירים עובדי האדםה בליל חמץ יאכלו אשר יזרה ברחת ובמזרה
11 words on the leather.
[והאלפים] [והעירים] עבדי האדמה [בליל] [חמיץ] [יאכלו] [אשר] [זרה] [ברחת] [ובמזרה]
2 words on the leather — 9 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 30:24
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֶ֫לֶף (eleph) refers to cattle, specifically in the plural form, encompassing oxen and cows. It is associated with farming and possession, indicating a family of livestock. The word is derived from a root meaning to yoke or tame, linking it to domesticated animals.
[אֶ֫לֶף] n.m. only pl. cattle
base
H504 [אֶ֫לֶף] only pl. cattle
504 'eleph eh'-lef
from 502; a family; also (from the sense of yoking or taming)
an ox or cow:--family, kine, oxen.
see HEBREW for 0502
אֶ֫לֶף (e.leph) — cattle.
1) cattle, oxen
1a) in farming
1b) as a possession
Conj | Art | N-mp — Conjunction · particle · noun common masculine plural absoluteHC/Td/Ncmpa
kat'-'-l (behemah, "a dumb beast"; miqneh, "a possession" from qanah, "to acquire" (compare Arabic qana', "to acquire," and Greek kienos, "beast," and plural ktenea, "flocks," from ktaomai, "to acquire," flocks being both with the Homeric peoples and with the patriarchs an important form of property; compare English "fee"); tso'n "small cattle," "sheep" or goats (compare Arabic da'n, "sheep"); seh, a single sheep or goat (compare Arabic shah); mela'khah, "property," from la'akh, "to minister" (compare Arabic malakah and mulk, "property," from malak, "to possess"); meri' "fatling" (1Ki 19); thremma (Joh 4:12), "cattle," i.e. "that which is nourished," from trepho, "to nourish"; baqar, "kine," "oxen" (compare Arabic baqar, "cattle"); shor, tor (Da 4:25), tauros (
Cattle
Abounded in the Holy Land. To the rearing and management of them the inhabitants chiefly devoted themselves (Deut. 8:13; 12:21; 1 Sam. 11:5; 12:3; Ps. 144:14; Jer. 3:24). They may be classified as,
(1.) Neat cattle. Many hundreds of these were yearly consumed in sacrifices or used for food. The finest herds were found in Bashan, beyond Jordan (Num. 32:4). Large herds also pastured on the wide fertile plains of Sharon. They were yoked to the plough (1 Kings 19:19), and were employed for carrying burdens (1 Chr.…
[BULL, BULLOCK].
עַ֫יִר (*`ayir*) refers to a young male donkey, specifically one that is vigorous and capable of bearing a load. It is derived from a root meaning to raise or bear a burden. The word encompasses terms like colt and foal, indicating its youthfulness.
עַ֫יִר n.m. male ass (young and vigorous)
base
H5895 עַ֫יִר male ass (young and vigorous)
5895 `ayir ah'-yeer
from 5782 in the sense of raising (i.e. bearing a burden);
properly, a young ass (as just broken to a load); hence an
ass-colt:--(ass) colt, foal, young ass.
see HEBREW for 05782
עַ֫יִר (a.yir) — colt.
he-ass, male ass
Conj | Art | N-mp — Conjunction · particle · noun common masculine plural absoluteHC/Td/Ncmpa
עָבַד (abad) is a Hebrew verb meaning to work or serve, encompassing a range of activities from laboring for others to serving God, including Levitical service. It can also refer to the cultivation of land or the act of enslaving. The word appears in various forms, indicating different nuances of service and labor.
עָבַד 290 vb. work, serve
Qal
labour, work, do work
work for another, serve him by labour
serve as subjects
serve God
serve י׳ with Levitical service
Niph.
be tilled, of land
dub. cultivated field
Pu. worked
Hiph.
compel to labour as slaves
make to serve as subjects
cause to serve God
Hoph. be led or enticed to serve
base
H5647 עָבַד work, serve .. labour, work, do work
. work for another, serve him by labour
. serve as subjects
. serve God
. serve י׳ with Levitical service
. . be tilled, of land
. dub. cultivated field
. worked
. . compel to labour as slaves
. make to serve as subjects
. cause to serve God
. be led or enticed to serve
5647 `abad aw-bad'
a primitive root; to work (in any sense); by implication, to
serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc.:--X be, keep in
bondage, be bondmen, bond-service, compel, do, dress, ear,
execute, + husbandman, keep, labour(-ing man, bring to pass,
(cause to, make to) serve(-ing, self), (be, become)
servant(-s), do (use) service, till(-er), transgress (from
margin), (set a) work, be wrought, worshipper,
עָבַד (a.vad) — to serve.
: serve[someone]
1) to work, serve
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to labour, work, do work
1a2) to work for another, serve another by labour
1a3) to serve as subjects
1a4) to serve (God)
1a5) to serve (with Levitical service)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be worked, be tilled (of land)
1b2) to make oneself a servant
1c) (Pual) to be worked
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to compel to labour or work, cause to labour, cause to serve
1d2) to cause to serve as subjects
1e) (Hophal) to be led or enticed to serve
עָבַד (a.vad) — to serve: minister.
: minister/serve[God/tabernacle/temple]/worship
1) to work, serve
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to labour, work, do work
1a2) to work for another, serve another by labour
1a3) to serve as subjects
1a4) to serve (God)
1a5) to serve (with Levitical service)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be worked, be tilled (of land)
1b2) to make oneself a servant
1c) (Pual) to be worked
1d) (Hiphil)
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine plural commonHVqrmpc
→ See INDUSTRY
→ See LABOR
אֲדָמָה (adamah) refers to ground or land, encompassing meanings such as tilled soil, a specific plot of land, and the earth's visible surface. It can denote territory or the whole inhabited earth, and it is also the name of a city in Naphtali. The word is derived from a root meaning 'red,' likely referring to the color of soil.
אֲדָמָה 224 n.f. ground, land (as tilled)
ground (as tilled, yielding sustenance)
piece of ground, landed property
earth as material substance
ground as earth's visible surface
land, territory, country
whole earth, inhabited earth
n. pr. loc. city in Naphtali
base
H127 אֲדָמָה ground, land . ground (as tilled, yielding sustenance)
. piece of ground, landed property
. earth as material substance
. ground as earth's visible surface
. land, territory, country
. whole earth, inhabited earth
. n. pr. loc. city in Naphtali
127 'adamah ad-aw-maw'
from 119; soil (from its general redness):--country, earth,
ground, husband(-man) (-ry), land.
see HEBREW for 0119
אֲדָמָה (a.da.mah) — land: soil.
: soil
1) ground, land
1a) ground (as general, tilled, yielding sustenance)
1b) piece of ground, a specific plot of land
1c) earth substance (for building or constructing)
1d) ground as earth's visible surface
1e) land, territory, country
1f) whole inhabited earth
1g) city in Naphtali
אֲדָמָה (a.da.mah) — land: country.
: country
1) ground, land
1a) ground (as general, tilled, yielding sustenance)
1b) piece of ground, a specific plot of land
1c) earth substance (for building or constructing)
1d) ground as earth's visible surface
1e) land, territory, country
1f) whole inhabited earth
1g) city in Naphtali
אֲדָמָה (a.da.mah) — land: planet.
: planet
1) ground, land
1a) ground (as general, tilled, yielding sustenance)
1b) piece of ground, a specific plot of land
1c) earth substance (for building or constructing)
1d) ground as earth's visible surface
Art | N-fs — Particle · noun common feminine singular absoluteHTd/Ncfsa
בְּלִיל (be.lil) refers to fodder or feed for cattle. It is derived from the root meaning 'mixed' and specifically denotes various types of feed such as corn or provender. The entries consistently emphasize its agricultural context.
בְּלִיל n.m. fodder
base
H1098 בְּלִיל fodder
1098 bliyl bel-eel'
from 1101; mixed, i.e. (specifically) feed (for
cattle):--corn, fodder, provender.
see HEBREW for 01101
בְּלִיל (be.lil) — fodder.
fodder
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
fod'-er.
See PROVENDER.
Fodder
Heb. belil, (Job 6:5), meaning properly a mixture or medley (Lat. farrago), “made up of various kinds of grain, as wheat, barley, vetches, and the like, all mixed together, and then sown or given to cattle” (Job 24:6, A.V. “corn,” R.V. “provender;” Isa. 30:24, provender”).
חָמִיץ (chamiyts) means seasoned, specifically with salt or a salt herb, often referring to provender for cattle. The entries indicate its use in contexts related to food preparation, particularly in Isaiah 30:24. It is derived from a root that suggests a connection to salting.
חָמִיץ adj. seasoned (viz. with salt, or a salt herb), of provender for cattle Is 30:24.
ref
H2548 חָמִיץ seasoned (viz. with salt, or a salt herb)
2548 chamiyts khaw-meets'
from 2556; seasoned, i.e. salt provender:--clean.
see HEBREW for 02556
חָמִיץ (cha.mits) — salted.
seasoned
Adj — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
אָכַל (akal) means 'to eat' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including literal consumption by humans and animals, as well as figurative uses like devouring by fire or destruction. It can describe actions such as feeding or causing to eat, and it also appears in contexts of oppression and destruction. The verb has various forms, indicating different subjects and nuances.
אָכַל 806 vb. eat
Qal
eat, human subject
of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour
fig. of fire, devour, consume
of sword, devour, slay
in genl., devour, consume, destroy
fig. of oppression, devour the poor
Niph.
be eaten by man
be devoured by fire, consumed
be wasted, destroyed, of flesh
Pu. be consumed
Hiph.
cause to eat, feed with
cause to devoure, obj. sword
base
H398 אָכַל eat .. eat, human subject
. of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour
. fig. of fire, devour, consume
. of sword, devour, slay
. in genl., devour, consume, destroy
. fig. of oppression, devour the poor
. . be eaten by man
. be devoured by fire, consumed
. be wasted, destroyed, of flesh
. be consumed
. . cause to eat, feed with
. cause to devoure, obj. sword
398 'akal aw-kal'
a primitive root; to eat (literally or figuratively):--X at
all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up),
feed (with), food, X freely, X in...wise(-deed, plenty), (lay)
meat, X quite.
אָכַל (a.khal) — to eat.
1) to eat, devour, burn up, feed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to eat (human subject)
1a2) to eat, devour (of beasts and birds)
1a3) to devour, consume (of fire)
1a4) to devour, slay (of sword)
1a5) to devour, consume, destroy (inanimate subjects - ie, pestilence, drought)
1a6) to devour (of oppression)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be eaten (by men)
1b2) to be devoured, consumed (of fire)
1b3) to be wasted, destroyed (of flesh)
1c) (Pual)
1c1) to cause to eat, feed with
1c2) to cause to devour
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to feed
1d2) to cause to eat
1e) (Piel)
1e1) consume
Aramaic equivalent: a.khal (אֲכַל "to devour" H0399)
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
The Hebrew word אֲשֶׁר (*asher*) is a relative pronoun that can mean 'who,' 'which,' or 'that.' It serves various grammatical functions, including as an adverb or conjunction, indicating relationships between clauses, places, or conditions. Variants like בַאֲשֶׁר (*ba-asher*), מֵאֲשֶׁר (*me-asher*), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (*ka-asher*) expand its usage to specific contexts such as location, causation, and time.
אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause.
base
בַאֲשֶׁר
in (that) which
adv. in (the place) where
conj. in that, inasmuch as
on account of whom?
base
מֵאֲשֶׁר
from (or than) that which
adv. from (the place) where
conj. from (the fact) that …, since
base
כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when
according to that which, according as, as
with a causal force, in so far as, since
with a temporal force, when
base
H834a אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. H834b בַאֲשֶׁר . in (that) which
. adv. in (the place) where
. conj. in that, inasmuch as
. on account of whom?
H834c מֵאֲשֶׁר . from (or than) that which
. adv. from (the place) where
. conj. from (the fact) that …, since
H834d כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when . according to that which, according as, as
. with a causal force, in so far as, since
. with a temporal force, when
834 'aher ash-er'
a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction)
when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X
alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, +
from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which,
wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where
(+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, +
whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is
indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun
expletively, used to show the connection.
אֲשֶׁר (a.sher) — which.
A: 1) (relative part.)
1a) which, who
1b) that which
2) (conj)
2a) that (in obj clause)
2b) when
2c) since
2d) as
2e) conditional if
B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
D: Kaph+
1) (conj.), according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since
1c) with a temporal force: when
בַאֲשֶׁר (ba.a.sher) — in which.
1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
מֵאֲשֶׁר (me.a.sher) — whence.
1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka.a.sher) — as which.
conj
1) according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
HTr — ParticleHTr
זָרָה (zarah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to scatter, fan, or winnow. It encompasses various actions such as tossing about, dispersing, and spreading. The word appears in different forms, including Qal (to scatter), Niphal (to be scattered), and Piel (to intensively scatter). Notably, it is used in contexts like the scattering of the Israelites and the winnowing of grain.
[זָרָה] vb. scatter, fan, winnow (Ar. Arabic cause to fly, scatter (of wind), winnow; Aram. דְּרָא, Syriac; Eth. Ethiopic)—
Qal
scatter, the powder into which the golden calf was ground
fan, winnow
Niph. be scattered, dispersed, of Israel
Pi.
(intens. of Qal) scatter, disperse, esp. of peoples
winnow, sift
Pu. be scattered
base
H2219 [זָרָה] scatter, fan, winnow
2219 zarah zaw-raw'
a primitive root (compare 2114); to toss about; by
implication, to diffuse, winnow:--cast away, compass,
disperse, fan, scatter (away), spread, strew, winnow.
see HEBREW for 02114
זָרָה (za.rah) — to scatter.
1) to scatter, fan, cast away, winnow, disperse, compass, spread, be scattered, be dispersed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to scatter
1a2) to fan, winnow
1b) (Niphal) to be scattered, be dispersed
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to scatter, disperse (intensive of Qal)
1c2) to winnow, sift
1d) (Pual) to be scattered, be spread out
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singularHVqrmsa
רַ֫חַת (rachath) refers to a winnowing shovel or fork, used for separating chaff from grain. The term is derived from a root meaning to blow away, highlighting its function in agriculture. It appears in Isaiah 30:24, where it is mentioned in the context of farming tools.
רַ֫חַת n.[f.] winnowing-shovel, or the like;—Is 30:24.
ref
H7371 רַ֫חַת winnowing-shovel, or the like
7371 rachath rakh'-ath
from 7306; a winnowing-fork (as blowing the chaff
away):--shovel.
see HEBREW for 07306
רַ֫חַת (ra.chat) — shovel.
winnowing shovel
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular absoluteHRd/Ncfsa
shuv'-l:
(1) rachath, is a wooden shovel used on the threshing-floor for winnowing the grain (Isa 30:24).
(2) ya`, is used in various passages to indicate some instrument employed to carry away ashes from the altar (Ex 27:3; 38:3; Nu 4:14; 1Ki 7:40,45; 2Ki 25:14; 2Ch 4:11,16; Jer 52:18). It was very likely a small shovel like those used in connection with modern fireplaces for cleaning away the ashes (compare Hebrew ya`ah, "to sweep away") or for carrying live coals to start a new fire.
מִזְרֶה (mizreh) refers to a pitchfork, specifically one with six prongs used for winnowing grain. The term is derived from a root meaning to scatter, indicating its function in separating chaff from grain. It is noted in various lexicons primarily for its agricultural context.
מִזְרֶה n.[m.] pitch-fork, with six prongs used in winnowing
base
H4214 מִזְרֶה pitch-fork, with six prongs used in winnowing
4214 mizreh miz-reh'
from 2219; a winnowing shovel (as scattering the
chaff):--fan.
see HEBREW for 02219
מִזְרֶה (miz.reh) — pitchfork.
pitchfork
Conj | Prep | N-ms — Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/Rd/Ncmsa