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Job 10:8 — Word Study

Depth

WLCיָדֶ֣יךָ עִ֭צְּבוּנִי וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֑וּנִי יַ֥חַד סָ֝בִ֗יב וַֽתְּבַלְּעֵֽנִי׃

BSAYour handsyâd shaped meʻâtsab [shaped with care, formed with purpose] and altogetheryachad [completely, in every part] formed meʻâsâh Would You now turnçâbîyb [change your mind, reverse your plan] and destroy mebâlaʻ [swallow up, bring to nothing]

Word
Listen & take awayJob 10
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 8 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (Va.te.va.le.'E.ni) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Job 10:8quick helps
In a sentenceJob expresses a profound sense of being shaped by God, questioning why He would now destroy what He has created.
Who is speakingJob, in a moment of despair, addresses God directly.
Where we areJob is in a dialogue of lament, reflecting on his creation and current suffering.
The hard wordיָדֶיךָ
Take awayJob's plea highlights the tension between divine creation and human suffering.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Job 10:8

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Job's Lamentgenerated

7though You know that I am not guilty, and there is no deliverance from Your hand?
8Your hands shaped me and altogether formed me. Would You now turn and destroy me?
9Please remember that You molded me like clay. Would You now return me to dust?
10Did You not pour me out like milk, and curdle me like cheese?

Job 10:8 is part of Job's heartfelt plea to God, where he reflects on his creation and the seeming contradiction of being formed with care only to face destruction. Job grapples with his suffering and questions God's intentions, expressing a deep emotional turmoil that resonates throughout the book. This passage connects to the broader themes of creation and divine justice found in Job's dialogues with his friends and God.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Psalm 119:73Your hands have made me and fashioned me; give me understanding to learn Your commandments.
2Isaiah 43:7everyone called by My name and created for My glory, whom I have indeed formed and made.”
3Job 10:3Does it please You to oppress me, to reject the work of Your hands and favor the schemes of the wicked?
4Genesis 6:6–7And the LORD regretted that He had made man on the earth, and He was grieved in His heart.
5Jeremiah 18:3–10So I went down to the potter’s house and saw him working at the wheel.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word יָדֶיךָ, ya.Dei.khagenerated

The word יָד (yad) means 'hand' and symbolizes power or direction. It indicates God's active role in creation, emphasizing the care and intention behind Job's formation.

In this verse, the dual construct with the suffix shows possession, indicating that these are God's hands that shaped Job. The use of 'hands' here evokes the idea of craftsmanship, suggesting that Job was meticulously and purposefully created.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against. The BSB has shaped and formed, which aligns with the KJV and ASV, both of which emphasize the act of creation.

Where others part company with the BSB is in the rendering of יַ֥חַדtogether (ASV, KJV) versus completely (NETB). This difference highlights varying interpretations of the depth of Job's formation.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main clause is governed by the verbs עִ֭צְּבוּ and יַּעֲשׂ֑וּ, meaning 'they formed' and 'they made', respectively, with the subject implied as 'Your hands'. The structure emphasizes Job's creation and the unity of these actions.

The adverbial phrases יַ֥חַד and סָ֝בִ֗יב provide additional context, indicating that Job was formed together and all around, enhancing the sense of completeness in his creation.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates יָדֶיךָ as σου (your), indicating a direct connection to God's ownership of Job's creation. This choice underscores the personal relationship between God and Job.

The Greek word for 'together' is absent in the Septuagint, which may suggest a different emphasis in the Greek translation, focusing less on the unity of creation and more on the individual acts of shaping and forming.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Job 10:8 shows Job lamenting to God about how He shaped him with care but now seems to want to destroy him. Job is expressing his confusion and pain, questioning why the God who created him would wish to bring him to ruin.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does Job mean by 'Your hands shaped me'?

Job is acknowledging that God is the creator who formed him with intention and care, emphasizing the relationship between creator and creation.

Why does Job question God about destruction?

Job is in anguish and struggles to understand why, after being created with purpose, he now faces suffering and potential destruction.

What is the significance of 'together' in this verse?

The word 'together' highlights the completeness and unity of Job's formation, suggesting that every part of him was crafted by God.

How does this verse reflect Job's overall struggle?

This verse encapsulates Job's deep existential crisis as he grapples with his suffering while recognizing God's role as his creator.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways do I see God's hand in my own creation and life?
  2. How can I reconcile the idea of a caring creator with the reality of suffering?
  3. What does it mean for me to be 'formed together' by God?
  4. How can I express my struggles and questions to God as Job did?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Gregory the Dialogist references this verse to discuss the relationship between God's creation and human suffering, arguing from Job's lament.

Gregory the DialogistMorals on the Book of Job, Book IX c. 540–604
Thine hands have made me and fashioned me, altogether round about: and dost Thou thus suddenly cast me down? As if He said to Him in humility;
Early Church Fathers on Job 10 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Job 10:8 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Thine hands have made me, and fashioned together round about,.... This and what follow are an illustration of and an enlargement upon, the work of God's hands, made mention of in Job 10:3; and

Read John Gill on Job 10 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Thine hands have made me and fashioned me together round about; yet thou dost destroy me. Thine hands have made me, and fashioned me.

Read Robert Jamieson on Job 10 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Together round about, i.e. all of me; all the faculties of my soul, and all the parts of my body, which are now overspread with sores and ulcers; I am wholly thy creature and workmanship, made by thee and for thee. Thou dost destroy me, or swallow me up, to wit, without cause, or any eminent provocation of mine; as if thou didst delight in doing and undoing, in making and then destroying thy creatures; which doth not become thy wisdom or goodness.

Read Matthew Poole on Job 10 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Job 10:8 Thine hands have made me and fashioned me together round about; yet thou dost destroy me.Ver. 8. Thine hands have made me] Or, throughly and accurately wrought me, as it were, with much pains and labour; thou hast exactly fashioned all my members: not that God either hath hands, or putteth himself to pains; for he doth his work without either tool or toil, Isaiah 40:28. But this is attributed to him after the manner of men, to show the curious workmanship showed in man’ s creation, the masterpiece of all his works of wonder. This David sweetly singeth of, Psalms 139:1-24, and Galen admireth in that excellent book of his, De usu partium humani corporis, setting forth the praises of…

Read John Trapp on Job 10 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 8. Thine hands have made me] Thou art well acquainted with human nature, for thou art its author. And fashioned me together round about] All my powers and faculties have been planned and executed by thyself. It is thou who hast refined the materials out of which I have been formed, and modified them into that excellent symmetry and order in which they are now found; so that the union and harmony of the different parts, (יחד yachad,) and their arrangement and completion, (סביב sabib,) proclaim equally thy wisdom, skill, power, and goodness. Yet thou dost destroy me.] ותבלעני vatteballeeni, "and thou wilt swallow me up." Men generally care for and prize those works on which they have…

Read AdamClarke on Job 10 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

8. According to the Hebrew punctuation this verse reads, Thine hands have fashioned me and made me, Together round about; and thou dost destroy me! Mention of God’s hand, Job 10:7, suggests how of old God’s hand fashioned him with lavish expenditure of skill on all his parts, and he brings the contradiction of God’s present dealing with him before God—exclaiming, Thou dost destroy me!

Read Cambridge on Job 10 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Thine hands have made me - Job proceeds now to state that he had been made by God, and that he had shown great skill and pains in his formation.

Read Albert Barnes on Job 10 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

b. Such hostile procedure of God toward Job is in contradiction to the blended love and wisdom displayed in the creation of man, seeing that God ruthlessly destroys what he has lovingly and artistically formed, Job 10:8-12.8.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Job 10 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Your hands shaped me and altogether formed me. Would You now turn and destroy me?

WEBWorld English Bible2000

“‘Your hands have framed me and fashioned me altogether, yet you destroy me.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Your hands shaped me and altogether formed me. Would You now turn and destroy me?

NETBNew English Translation2006

“Your hands have shaped me and made me, but now you destroy me completely.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Thine hands have made me and fashioned me together round about; yet thou dost destroy me.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Thy hands have framed me and fashioned me Together round about; yet thou dost destroy me.

RVARevised Version, American1894

Thine hands have framed me and fashioned me together round about; yet thou dost destroy me.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Thy hands have made me and fashioned me in all my parts; yet thou dost destroy me.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Thine handes haue made me, and fashioned mee wholy rounde about, and wilt thou destroy me?

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Thy hands have bound me together and made me as one, round about; yet dost thou swallow me up!

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Thy hands have taken pains about me, And they make me together round about, And Thou swallowest me up!

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Your hands have taken pains about me, || And they make me together all around, || And You swallow me up!

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Thy hands have carefully fashioned me and made me; every thing is in harmony all round about; and yet thou dost destroy me!

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Your hands have framed and fashioned me together round about, yet you are destroying me.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Thy hands have made me, and fashioned me wholly round about, and dost thou thus cast me down headlong on a sudden?

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

You made me and shaped me with your own hands, and yet you destroy me.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Your hands made me, and I was formed by you, but then, changing your purpose, you gave me up to destruction.

Word by word, the decisions they made

יַ֥חַדYa.chad together H3162 2 different renderings
togetherASV DBY KJV LSV RVA ULB YLT
completelyNETB

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clausenoun phrase · subjectיָדֶ֣יhandsךָyourverbעִ֭צְּבוּtheyobjectנִיformed.meוַֽandclauseverbיַּעֲשׂ֑וּtheyobjectנִיmade.meadverbialיַ֥חַדtogetheradverbialסָ֝בִ֗יבall.aroundוַֽandclauseverbתְּבַלְּעֵֽyouobjectנִיhave.swallowed.me

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in the wording of Job 10:8, with five of the six words matching. The Septuagint reflects the same core ideas but presents them in a different order.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

יָדֶ֣יךָ עִ֭צְּבוּנִי וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֑וּנִי יַ֥חַד סָ֝בִ֗יב וַֽתְּבַלְּעֵֽנִי׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
יָדֶ֣יךָσουעִ֭צְּבוּנִיμεוַֽיַּעֲשׂ֑וּנִיμεסָ֝בִ֗יבμεταβαλώνוַֽתְּבַלְּעֵֽנִי׃με

5 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Job 10:8יָדhands yourhands yourיָדעָצַבthey formedthey formed meעָצַבעָשָׂהand they maand they made mעָשָׂהיַ֫חַדtogethertogetherיַ֫חַדסָבִיבall aroundall aroundסָבִיבבָּלַעand you havand you have swבָּלַעכַּףpalmpalmכַּףיָחַדbe joinedbe joinedיָחַדסָבַבto turn: tto turn: turnסָבַבחָזָקstrongstrongחָזָקנָצַלto rescueto rescueנָצַלמָרָהto rebelto rebelמָרָהחָרָהto be inceto be incensedחָרָהמְלָאכָהworkworkמְלָאכָהתּוֹעֵבַהabominatioabominationתּוֹעֵבַהיָעַדto appointto appointיָעַדרוּןto overcomto overcomeרוּןאֵילָםarchesarchesאֵילָםחַלּוֹןwindowwindowחַלּוֹןשִׁבֹּ֫לֶתShibbolethShibbolethשִׁבֹּ֫לֶתתַּןjackaljackalתַּן
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Job 10:8

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

hands your they formed me and they made me together all around and you have swallowed me
יָדֶ֣יךָya.Dei.kha hands your H3027 Noun common both dual construct · suffix
1,619× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, 'yad' refers to an open hand, symbolizing power or direction. It can also mean strength or a part of something, like a side or a share. The word is used in many contexts, including anatomy and everyday life.
Tyndale gloss
hand
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָד (yad) means 'hand' and can also refer to strength or power in a figurative sense. It encompasses various technical uses, such as a sign or monument, parts or shares, and even specific components in construction, like axle-trees and supports for the laver. The word is versatile, appearing in both literal and metaphorical contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָד 1604 n.f. hand

hand

Fig. = strength, power

Fig. = side

יָד is used in various special, technical senses:—

sign, monument

part, fractional part or share

time, repetition

axle-trees

stays, supports for laver

tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle

a (beckoning) hand

יַד with prep.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3027 יָד hand . hand

. Fig. = strength, power

. Fig. = side

. יָד is used in various special, technical senses:— . sign, monument

. part, fractional part or share

. time, repetition

. axle-trees

. stays, supports for laver

. tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle

. a (beckoning) hand

. יַד with prep.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3027 yad yawd

a primitive word; a hand (the open one (indicating power,

means, direction, etc.), in distinction from 3709, the closed

one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of

applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate

and remote (as follows):--(+ be) able, X about, + armholes,

at, axletree, because of, beside, border, X bounty, + broad,

(broken-)handed, X by, charge, coast, + consecrate, +

creditor, custody, debt, dominion, X enough, + fellowship,

force, X from, hand(-staves, -y work), X he, himself, X in,

labour, + large, ledge, (left-)handed, means, X mine,

ministry, near, X of, X order, ordinance, X our, parts, pain,

power, X presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay,

draw with strength, stroke, + swear, terror, X thee, X by

them, X themselves, X thine own, X thou, through, X throwing,

+ thumb, times, X to, X under, X us, X wait on, (way-)side,

Read the full entry →
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָד (yad) — hand.

: hand/arm[anatomy]

1) hand

1a) hand (of man)

1b) strength, power (fig.)

1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.)

1d) (various special, technical senses)

1d1) sign, monument

1d2) part, fractional part, share

1d3) time, repetition

1d4) axle-trees, axle

1d5) stays, support (for laver)

1d6) tenons (in tabernacle)

1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure)

1d8) wrists

יָד (yad) — hand: power.

: hand/arm[anatomy]

1) hand

1a) hand (of man)

1b) strength, power (fig.)

1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.)

1d) (various special, technical senses)

1d1) sign, monument

1d2) part, fractional part, share

1d3) time, repetition

1d4) axle-trees, axle

1d5) stays, support (for laver)

1d6) tenons (in tabernacle)

1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure)

1d8) wrists

יָד (yad) — hand: themselves.

: hand/arm[anatomy]

1) hand

1a) hand (of man)

1b) strength, power (fig.)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-cd | Suff — Noun common both dual construct · suffix
HNcbdc/Sp2ms
hands your they formed me and they made me together all around and you have swallowed me
עִ֭צְּבוּנִי'I.tze.vu.ni they formed me H6087 Verb piel perfect third person common plural · suffix
17× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To shape or carve something, like a craftsman forming wood or stone, can also mean to worry or cause pain, as in the emotional distress of King David in Psalm 38:18.
Amplified meaning
shaped with care, formed with purpose
Tyndale gloss
to hurt
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עָצַב (atsab) has dual meanings: it can refer to causing hurt, pain, or grief, and it can also mean to shape or fashion. It is built from a primitive root that conveys both negative emotions and the act of creating. The entries indicate that it can be used in various forms, such as causing pain (Hiphil) or shaping (Piel).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[עָצַב] vb. hurt, pain, grieve

Qal his father had not pained him

Niph. be pained for

Pi. they vexed his holy spirit

Hiph. they used to cause him [י׳] pain.

Hithp. and he was vexed to his heart

base

[עָצַב] vb. Pi. shape, fashion

Pi. thy hands shaped me, etc.

Hiph. to fashion her, i.e. make images of her

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6087a עָצַב hurt, pain, grieve H6087b עָצַב Pi. shape, fashion

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6087 `atsab aw-tsab'

a primitive root; properly, to carve, i.e. fabricate or

fashion; hence (in a bad sense) to worry, pain or anger:--

displease, grieve, hurt, make, be sorry, vex, worship, wrest.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָצַב (a.tsav) — to hurt.

1) to hurt, pain, grieve, displease, vex, wrest

1a) (Qal) to hurt, pain

1b)(Niphal) to be in pain, be pained, be grieved

1c) (Piel) to vex, torture

1d) (Hiphil) to cause pain

1e) (Hithpael) to feel grieved, be vexed

Aramaic equivalent: a.tsav (עֲצַב "to pain" H6088)

עָצַב (a.tsav) — to shape.

1) to shape, fashion, make, form, stretch into shape, (TWOT) worship

1a) (Piel) to shape, form

1b) (Hiphil) to form, copy, fashion

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Piel-Perf-3cp | Suff — Verb piel perfect third person common plural · suffix
HVpp3cp/Sp1bs
hands your they formed me and they made me together all around and you have swallowed me
וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֑וּנִיvai.ya.'a.Su.ni and they made me H6213 Verb qal sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
2,629× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to make or do something, and is used over 2,600 times in the Bible. It is first used in Genesis 1:7 to describe God's creation of the world and is also used in Exodus 31:5 to describe the work of skilled craftsmen.
Tyndale gloss
to make
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עָשָׂה (asah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to do or make, encompassing a wide range of actions such as producing, preparing, and observing. It can refer to both concrete and abstract activities, including making offerings and attending to tasks. The verb also has forms indicating passive meanings, such as being made or offered. Notably, the Piel form refers to pressing or squeezing.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָשָׂה 2622 vb. do, make

Qal 2524

do (1560 t.)

deal with

oft. in phr. do kindness with

abs. act, act with effect

make (670 t.)

produce, yield

prepare, esp. of dressing and cooking food

make offering

attend to, put in order

observe, celebrate, religious festival

acquire property of various kinds

appoint priests

bring about of י׳’s effecting a deliverance

use

spend, pass, days of life

Niph.

97be done

be made, of concr. things

be produced from vine

be prepared, of food

be offered

be observed, passover

be used

Pu. I was made

base

[עָשָׂה] vb. Pi. press, squeeze

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6213a עָשָׂה do, make .. . do (1560 + t.)

. deal with

. oft. in phr. do kindness with

. abs. act, act with effect

. . make (670 + t.)

. produce, yield

. prepare, esp. of dressing and cooking food

. make offering

. attend to, put in order

. observe, celebrate, religious festival

. acquire property of various kinds

. appoint priests

. bring about of י׳’s effecting a deliverance

. use

. spend, pass, days of life

. . be done

. . be made, of concr. things

. be produced from vine

. be prepared, of food

. be offered

. be observed, passover

. be used

. I was made

H6213b עָשָׂה Pi. press, squeeze

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6213 `asah aw-saw'

a primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and

widest application (as follows):--accomplish, advance,

appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth,

bruise, be busy, X certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal

(with), deck, + displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in)

execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, + feast, (fight-)ing man, +

finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go

about, govern, grant, great, + hinder, hold ((a feast)), X

indeed, + be industrious, + journey, keep, labour, maintain,

make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, + officer, pare,

bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure,

provide, put, requite, X sacrifice, serve, set, shew, X sin,

spend, X surely, take, X thoroughly, trim, X very, + vex, be

(warr-)ior, work(-man), yield, use.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to make: do.

: do/perform

1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to do, work, make, produce

1a1a) to do

1a1b) to work

1a1c) to deal (with)

1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect

1a2) to make

1a2a) to make

1a2b) to produce

1a2c) to prepare

1a2d) to make (an offering)

1a2e) to attend to, put in order

1a2f) to observe, celebrate

1a2g) to acquire (property)

1a2h) to appoint, ordain, institute

1a2i) to bring about

1a2j) to use

1a2k) to spend, pass

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be done

1b2) to be made

1b3) to be produced

1b4) to be offered

1b5) to be observed

1b6) to be used

1c) (Pual) to be made

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to press.

(Piel) to press, squeeze

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to make.

: make(OBJECT)

1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to do, work, make, produce

1a1a) to do

1a1b) to work

1a1c) to deal (with)

1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect

1a2) to make

1a2a) to make

1a2b) to produce

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp | Suff — Verb qal sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
Hc/Vqw3mp/Sp1bs
hands your they formed me and they made me together all around and you have swallowed me
יַ֥חַדYa.chad together H3162 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
141× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This adverb means together, describing people doing something in unity, like in Psalm 133:1.
Amplified meaning
completely, in every part
Tyndale gloss
unitedness
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יַ֫חַד (yachad) refers to the concept of unitedness or being together. It can function as a noun meaning 'unitedness' and as an adverb meaning 'together.' The word is built from a root that emphasizes unity and is used in various contexts in the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יַ֫חַד 45 n.[m.] unitedness

as subst.

elsewhere always in acc. as adv. in union, together

base

יָחְדָּו 92 adv. together

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3162a יַ֫חַד unitedness . as subst.

. elsewhere always in acc. as adv. in union, together

H3162b יָחְדָּו adv. together

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3162 yachad yakh'-ad

from 3161; properly, a unit, i.e. (adverb) unitedly:--alike,

at all (once), both, likewise, only, (al-)together, withal.

see HEBREW for 03161

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יַ֫חַד (ya.chad) — unitedness.

1) union, unitedness

יָחְדָּו (yach.dav) — together.

adv

together

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adv — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
hands your they formed me and they made me together all around and you have swallowed me
סָ֝בִ֗יבsa.Viv all around H5439 Noun common · both singular absolute
336× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word describes something that surrounds or encompasses, like a circle or neighborhood, and can also mean around or about, as in on every side. It is used to describe physical locations and proximity. The KJV translates it as about or circuit.
Amplified meaning
change your mind, reverse your plan
Tyndale gloss
around
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

סָבִיב (cabiyb) primarily means 'around' and is used as a noun, adverb, and preposition. It denotes a circle, neighbors, or the surrounding area, often implying a sense of being on every side or in a circuit. The entries consistently emphasize its usage in contexts of proximity and encirclement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

סָבִיב 336 subst., used mostly as adv. and prep., circuit, round about

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5439 סָבִיב subst., used mostly as adv. and prep., circuit, round about

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5439 cabiyb saw-beeb'

or (feminine) cbiybah {seb-ee-baw'}; from 5437; (as noun) a

circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with

or without preposition) around:--(place, round) about,

circuit, compass, on every side.

see HEBREW for 05437

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around.

: around/border

subst

1) places round about, circuit, round about

adv

2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about

prep

3) in the circuit, from every side

סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: side.

: side

subst

1) places round about, circuit, round about

adv

2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about

prep

3) in the circuit, from every side

סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: whole.

: whole

subst

1) places round about, circuit, round about

adv

2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about

prep

3) in the circuit, from every side

סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: neighours.

: neighours

subst

1) places round about, circuit, round about

adv

2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about

prep

3) in the circuit, from every side

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-cs — Noun common · both singular absolute
HNcbsa
hands your they formed me and they made me together all around and you have swallowed me
וַֽתְּבַלְּעֵֽנִי׃Va.te.va.le.'E.ni and you have swallowed me H1104 Verb piel sequential imperfect second person masculine singular · suffix
49× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means to swallow or destroy something completely. It can be used to describe something being eaten up or destroyed, like in a natural disaster or a strong storm. The Bible uses it to convey total destruction.
Amplified meaning
swallow up, bring to nothing
Tyndale gloss
to swallow up
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בָּלַע (bala) is a Hebrew verb meaning to swallow down or engulf. It encompasses various forms, including actions of devouring and being consumed, as well as figurative uses like squandering. The entries indicate that it can be used in different grammatical aspects, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, Pual, and Hithpael, each with slightly different nuances.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בָּלַע vb. swallow down, swallow up, engulf

Qal

swallow down

swallow up, engulf

Niph. swallowed up, i.e. devastated

Pi.

swallow

swallow up, engulf

Pu. be swallowed up

Hithp. their wisdom is all gone, ‘they are at their wit’s end’

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1104 בָּלַע swallow down, swallow up, engulf

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1104 bala` baw-lah'

a primitive root; to make away with (specifically by

swallowing); generally, to destroy:--cover, destroy, devour,

eat up, be at end, spend up, swallow down (up).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בָּלַע (ba.la) — to swallow up.

1) to swallow down, swallow up, engulf, eat up

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to swallow down

1a2) to swallow up, engulf

1b) (Niphal) to be swallowed up

1c) (Piel)

1c1) to swallow

1c2) to swallow up, engulf

1c3) squandering (fig.)

1d) (Pual) to be swallowed up

1e) (Hithpael) to be ended

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Piel-ConsecImperf-2ms | Suff — Verb piel sequential imperfect second person masculine singular · suffix
Hc/Vpw2ms/Sp1bs
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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