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Job 13:10 — Word Study

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WLCהוֹכֵ֣חַ יוֹכִ֣יחַ אֶתְכֶ֑ם אִם־ בַּ֝סֵּ֗תֶר פָּנִ֥ים תִּשָּׂאֽוּן׃

BSASurely He would rebukeyâkach [the Almighty, God, correct, reprove, or argue with] youʼêth ifʼim you secretlyçêther [in hiding, without others knowing] showed partialitypânîym [favoritism, accepting persons, or lifting faces, to certain individuals, or in a biased manner]

Word
Listen & take awayJob 13
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 10 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ti.sa.'Un) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Job 13:10quick helps
In a sentenceJob asserts that God would certainly correct those who show favoritism in secret.
Who is speakingJob, responding to his friends about God's justice.
Where we areIn a discourse on God's judgment and human integrity.
The hard wordהוֹכֵ֣חַ
Take awayGod's rebuke is certain for those who act with bias.
7 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbיָכַח The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Job 13:10

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Job's Defense of His Integritygenerated

9Would it be well when He examined you? Could you deceive Him like a man?
10Surely He would rebuke you if you secretly showed partiality.
11Would His majesty not terrify you? Would the dread of Him not fall upon you?
12Your maxims are proverbs of ashes; your defenses are defenses of clay.

Job 13:10 presents Job's argument that God would not overlook favoritism or bias, emphasizing that divine judgment is impartial and thorough. Job challenges his friends' assumptions about his guilt, asserting that God would confront him directly if he were guilty of such behavior. This theme of God's justice is consistent throughout the book, highlighting the importance of integrity and honesty in the face of suffering.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Job 42:7–8After the LORD had spoken these words to Job, He said to Eliphaz the Temanite, “My wrath is kindled against you and your two friends. For you have not spoken about Me accurately, as My servant Job has.
2Psalm 50:21–22You have done these things, and I kept silent; you thought I was just like you. But now I rebuke you and accuse you to your face.
3Psalm 82:2“How long will you judge unjustly and show partiality to the wicked? Selah
4James 2:9But if you show favoritism, you sin and are convicted by the law as transgressors.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word הוֹכֵ֣חַ, ho.Khe.achgenerated

The Hebrew word יָכַח (yakach) means to rebuke or correct, encompassing a range of meanings related to judgment and correction. It is often used in contexts where one party argues or convinces another of their wrongdoings.

In this verse, the Hiphil form indicates an active rebuke from God, suggesting that Job is confident in his innocence and believes that God would correct him if he were guilty of showing favoritism.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb is יוֹכִ֣יחַ, he will rebuke, which governs the entire sentence. The structure includes a conditional phrase introduced by אִם־, if, and a prepositional phrase that describes the circumstances of the rebuke.

The sentence is built around the certainty of God's rebuke for secret favoritism, with the verb at the center and the conditions surrounding it, emphasizing the seriousness of showing partiality.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates הוֹכֵ֣חַ as ἐλέγχει, which means to reprove or correct. This choice aligns with the Hebrew meaning but also suggests a more formal accusation, emphasizing the authority of the one doing the rebuking.

The Greek term conveys a sense of public correction, which may reflect the broader implications of Job's argument about integrity and accountability before God.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Job 13:10 asserts that God will certainly correct anyone who shows favoritism in secret. Job emphasizes that God’s judgment is fair and that he is innocent of such bias, challenging his friends' accusations.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does Job mean by 'showing partiality'?

Job refers to the act of favoring certain individuals over others, which is considered unjust and biased behavior.

Why does Job believe God would rebuke him?

Job is confident in his integrity and believes that if he were guilty of favoritism, God would not hesitate to correct him.

How does this verse relate to the overall message of Job?

This verse highlights the theme of divine justice in the book of Job, where Job defends his innocence against the accusations of his friends.

What is the significance of God's rebuke?

God's rebuke signifies His commitment to justice and righteousness, ensuring that no one is above accountability.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways do I see favoritism or bias in my own life?
  2. How can I ensure that I treat others with fairness and integrity?
  3. What does it mean to me that God holds us accountable for our actions?
  4. How can I respond to accusations or misunderstandings about my character, like Job did?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

The early commentary from Gregory the Dialogist interprets Job's assertion about God's rebuke, emphasizing the seriousness of secret favoritism.

Gregory the DialogistMorals on the Book of Job, Book XI c. 540–604
He will surely reprove you, if ye do secretly take His face. Presently when He ariseth He shall make you afraid; and His dread shall fall upon you.
Early Church Fathers on Job 13 →

Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Job 13:10 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

He will surely reprove you,.... Or "in reproving he will reprove you" (r); he will certainly do it, it may be depended upon, and be expected; he will never suffer sin to go unreproved and

Read John Gill on Job 13 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

He will surely reprove you, if ye do secretly accept persons. If ye do, though secretly, act partially.

Read Robert Jamieson on Job 13 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

i.e. Punish you; as this word is oft used, as hath been once and again observed. Secretly; though it be concealed in your own breasts, and no eye see it; yea, though it be so close that your own minds and consciences, through ignorance, or inadvertency, or slothfulness, do not perceive it; yet He, who is greater than your consciences, sees and knows it.

Read Matthew Poole on Job 13 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Job 13:10 He will surely reprove you, if ye do secretly accept persons.Ver. 10. He will surely reprove you] That is all the thank you are like to have from God; your work in pleading for him so stoutly, though it be materially good, yet it will never prove so formally and eventually, because you so confidently determine things you do not understand, but only by a light conjecture. You do secretly, that is, cunningly and deceitfully, accept persons, that is, God’ s own person, while ye wrong me for his sake, and under a pretence of doing him right, condemn me for a wicked hypocrite, whom till thus afflicted, you ever counted honest and upright. This the righteous judge, who loveth judgment…

Read John Trapp on Job 13 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 10. He will surely reprove you] You may expect, not only his disapprobation, but his hot displeasure.

Read AdamClarke on Job 13 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

10. God’s rectitude and impartiality are such that He will punish partiality shewn even for Himself—a statement which, when taken along with the imputations which Job has cast on God, shews a singular condition of his mind.

Read Cambridge on Job 13 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

He will surely reprove you, if ye do secretly accept persons - If you show partiality, you will incur his disapprobation.

Read Albert Barnes on Job 13 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Surely He would rebuke you if you secretly showed partiality.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

He will surely reprove you if you secretly show partiality.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Surely He would rebuke you if you secretly showed partiality.

NETBNew English Translation2006

He would certainly rebuke you if you secretly showed partiality!

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

He will surely reprove you, if ye do secretly accept persons.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

He will surely reprove you, If ye do secretly show partiality.

RVARevised Version, American1894

He will surely reprove you, if ye do secretly respect persons.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

He will surely reprove you, if ye do secretly accept persons.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

He will surely reprooue you, if ye doe secretly accept any person.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

He will certainly reprove you, if ye do secretly accept persons.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

He doth surely reprove you, if in secret ye accept faces.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

He surely reproves you, if you accept faces in secret.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

He will surely reprove you, if in secret you show him undue favor.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

He would surely reprove you if in secret you showed partiality.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

He shall reprove you, because in secret you accept his person.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

No, he will definitely rebuke you if you secretly show him favoritism!

BBEBible in Basic English1949

He will certainly put you right, if you have respect for persons in secret.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseclauseadverbialהוֹכֵ֣חַsurely.(rebuke)verbיוֹכִ֣יחַhe.will.rebukenoun phrase · objectאֶתְכֶ֑םyouclauseאִםifclauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalבַּ֝innoun phrase(the)סֵּ֗תֶרsecrecyobjectפָּנִ֥יםfacesverb phrase · verbתִּשָּׂאֽוּyouןwill.lift.up

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in content, with five of the seven words matched. The Septuagint's word order and articles differ, but the essential message about God's rebuke for favoritism remains consistent.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

הוֹכֵ֣חַ יוֹכִ֣יחַ אֶתְכֶ֑ם אִם־ בַּ֝סֵּ֗תֶר פָּנִ֥ים תִּשָּׂאֽוּן׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
יוֹכִ֣יחַἐλέγχειאֶתְכֶ֑םὑμᾶςבַּ֝סֵּ֗תֶרκρυφῇפָּנִ֥יםπρόσωπαתִּשָּׂאֽוּן׃θαυμάσετε

5 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Job 13:10יָכַחcertainlycertainlyיָכַחיָכַחhe will rebhe will rebukeיָכַחאֵתthe object the object markאֵתאִםififאִםסֵ֫תֶרin secrecyin secrecyסֵ֫תֶרפָּנֶהfacesfacesפָּנֶהנָשָׂאyou will liyou will lift uנָשָׂאסָתַרto hideto hideסָתַראוֹתsign: mirasign: miraculouאוֹתפָּנָהCorner (GaCorner (Gate)פָּנָהאֵבfruitfruitאֵבאָבַדto perishto perishאָבַדלִיץto mockto mockלִיץמִגְרָשׁpasturepastureמִגְרָשׁחֵןfavorfavorחֵןיֵשׁtherethereיֵשׁרֵעַneighborneighborרֵעַנוּסto fleeto fleeנוּסכְּלִמָּהshameshameכְּלִמָּהמָשָׁלproverbproverbמָשָׁל
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Job 13:10

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

certainly he will rebuke the object marker you if in secrecy faces you will lift up !
הוֹכֵ֣חַho.Khe.ach certainly H3198 Verb · Hiphil · infinitive absolute
59× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to rebuke or correct, and is used in the Bible to describe arguing, judging, or convincing someone of their wrongdoings. It is seen in the KJV translation as rebuke or reprove. The word is used in various forms, including to describe God's correction of his people.
Amplified meaning
the Almighty, God, correct, reprove, or argue with
Tyndale gloss
to rebuke
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word יָכַח (yakach) is a primitive root that encompasses a range of meanings related to judgment and correction, including to decide, prove, and rebuke. It appears in various forms, such as Hiphil for active judgment and Niphal for reasoning together. Notably, it conveys ideas of justification and argumentation, with some entries referencing the concept of being chastened.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[יָכַח] vb. Hiph. decide, adjudge, prove

Hiph.

decide, judge

adjudge, appoint

shew to be right, prove

convince, convict

reprove, chide

correct, rebuke

Hoph. he is chastened also with pain

Niph. come now and let us reason together; there an upright man might reason with him; and thou art set right, righted, justified

Hithp. with Israel he will argue

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3198 יָכַח Hiph. decide, adjudge, prove . . decide, judge

. adjudge, appoint

. shew to be right, prove

. convince, convict

. reprove, chide

. correct, rebuke

. he is chastened also with pain

. come now and let us reason together; there an upright man might reason with him; and thou art set right, righted, justified

. with Israel he will argue

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3198 yakach yaw-kahh'

a primitive root; to be right (i.e. correct); reciprocal, to

argue; causatively, to decide, justify or convict:--appoint,

argue, chasten, convince, correct(-ion), daysman, dispute,

judge, maintain, plead, reason (together), rebuke,

reprove(-r), surely, in any wise.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָכַח (ya.khach) — to rebuke.

1) to prove, decide, judge, rebuke, reprove, correct, be right

1a) (Hiphil)

1a1) to decide, judge

1a2) to adjudge, appoint

1a3) to show to be right, prove

1a4) to convince, convict

1a5) to reprove, chide

1a6) to correct, rebuke

1b) (Hophal) to be chastened

1c) (Niphal) to reason, reason together

1d) (Hithp) to argue

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Ptc — Verb · Hiphil · infinitive absolute
HVhaa
certainly he will rebuke the object marker you if in secrecy faces you will lift up !
יוֹכִ֣יחַyo.Khi.ach he will rebuke H3198 Verb · Hiphil · imperfect third person masculine singular
59× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to rebuke or correct, and is used in the Bible to describe arguing, judging, or convincing someone of their wrongdoings. It is seen in the KJV translation as rebuke or reprove. The word is used in various forms, including to describe God's correction of his people.
Tyndale gloss
to rebuke
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word יָכַח (yakach) is a primitive root that encompasses a range of meanings related to judgment and correction, including to decide, prove, and rebuke. It appears in various forms, such as Hiphil for active judgment and Niphal for reasoning together. Notably, it conveys ideas of justification and argumentation, with some entries referencing the concept of being chastened.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[יָכַח] vb. Hiph. decide, adjudge, prove

Hiph.

decide, judge

adjudge, appoint

shew to be right, prove

convince, convict

reprove, chide

correct, rebuke

Hoph. he is chastened also with pain

Niph. come now and let us reason together; there an upright man might reason with him; and thou art set right, righted, justified

Hithp. with Israel he will argue

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3198 יָכַח Hiph. decide, adjudge, prove . . decide, judge

. adjudge, appoint

. shew to be right, prove

. convince, convict

. reprove, chide

. correct, rebuke

. he is chastened also with pain

. come now and let us reason together; there an upright man might reason with him; and thou art set right, righted, justified

. with Israel he will argue

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3198 yakach yaw-kahh'

a primitive root; to be right (i.e. correct); reciprocal, to

argue; causatively, to decide, justify or convict:--appoint,

argue, chasten, convince, correct(-ion), daysman, dispute,

judge, maintain, plead, reason (together), rebuke,

reprove(-r), surely, in any wise.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָכַח (ya.khach) — to rebuke.

1) to prove, decide, judge, rebuke, reprove, correct, be right

1a) (Hiphil)

1a1) to decide, judge

1a2) to adjudge, appoint

1a3) to show to be right, prove

1a4) to convince, convict

1a5) to reprove, chide

1a6) to correct, rebuke

1b) (Hophal) to be chastened

1c) (Niphal) to reason, reason together

1d) (Hithp) to argue

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVhi3ms — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVhi3ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

re-buk': As a verb "rebuke" is in the Old Testament the translation of ga`ar and yakhach; another word, ribh, in Ne 5:7, is in the Revised Version (British and American) translated "contended with." "Rebuke" (noun) is most frequently the translation of ge`arah; also in the King James Version of cherpah (Isa 25:8; Jer 15:15, the Revised Version (British and American) "reproach"), and of a few other words signifying reproach, etc. "Rebuker" (mucar, literally, "correction," "chastisement") in Ho 5:2 has the Revised Version margin "Hebrew `rebuke.'" In the New Testament "to rebuke" is most often the translation of epitimao (Mt…

certainly he will rebuke the object marker you if in secrecy faces you will lift up !
אֶתְכֶ֑ם'et.Khem the object marker you H853 Particle · suffix
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
DirObjM | Suff — Particle · suffix
HTo/Sp2mp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
certainly he will rebuke the object marker you if in secrecy faces you will lift up !
אִם־'im- if H518 Particle
1,070× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is used to express conditions or questions, like if or whether. It can also be used to make oaths or express wishes, as in Oh that! It appears in various forms in the KJV, including if, though, and when.
Tyndale gloss
if
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אִם (im) is a Hebrew conjunction primarily meaning 'if' and is used in various contexts, including conditional clauses and interrogative situations. It can also express negation, alternatives, or exceptions, and appears frequently in the Old Testament. The lexicons note its use in oaths and its ability to connect different clauses, sometimes altering their meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אִם conj.

hypoth. part. if

Interrog. part.

base

כִּי אם־

each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:

that if

for if

(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—

limiting the prec. clause, except

the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

after an oath, surely

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H518a אִם conj. . hypoth. part. if

. Interrog. part.

H518b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if

. for if

. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except

. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

. after an oath, surely

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

518 'im eem

a primitive particle; used very widely as demonstrative, lo!;

interrog., whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh

that!, when; hence, as a negative, not:--(and, can-,

doubtless, if, that) (not), + but, either, + except, +

more(-over if, than), neither, nevertheless, nor, oh that, or,

+ save (only, -ing), seeing, since, sith, + surely (no more,

none, not), though, + of a truth, + unless, + verily, when,

whereas, whether, while, + yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אִם (im) — if.

: if/whether_or/though

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

[כִּי] אם (ki im) — if: except.

1) except if

1a) but if

אִם (im) — if: surely no.

: surely_no

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

אִם (im) — if: surely yes.

: surely_yes

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

אִם (im) — if: until.

: until/except

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj — Particle
HTc
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
certainly he will rebuke the object marker you if in secrecy faces you will lift up !
בַּ֝סֵּ֗תֶרba.Se.ter in secrecy H5643 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
36× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a shelter or covering, like a place to hide. It can also mean protection, as in Psalm 18:11 where God is a shelter from danger.
Amplified meaning
in hiding, without others knowing
Tyndale gloss
secrecy
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

סֵ֫תֶר (se.ter) refers to concepts of covering, hiding, and secrecy, encompassing both literal and figurative meanings. It can denote a hiding place or shelter, as well as the idea of secrecy, including slanderous speech. The feminine form, סִתְרָה (sit.rah), specifically means shelter or protection, with a reference to Deuteronomy 32:38.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

סֵ֫תֶר n.[m.] covering, hiding-place, secrecy

base

סִתְרָה n.f. shelter, protection, De 32:38

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5643a סֵ֫תֶר covering, hiding-place, secrecy H5643b סִתְרָה shelter, protection

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5643 cether say'-ther

or (feminine) cithrah (Deut. 32:38), {sith-raw'}; from 5641;

a cover (in a good or a bad, a literal or a figurative

sense):--backbiting, covering, covert, X disguise(-th),

hiding place, privily, protection, secret(-ly, place).

see HEBREW for 05641

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

סֵ֫תֶר (se.ter) — secrecy.

1) covering, shelter, hiding place, secrecy

1a) covering, cover

1b) hiding place, shelter, secret place

1c) secrecy

1c1) secrecy (of tongue being slanderous)

סִתְרָה (sit.rah) — shelter.

shelter, protection

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HRd/Ncmsa
certainly he will rebuke the object marker you if in secrecy faces you will lift up !
פָּנִ֥יםpa.Nim faces H6440 Noun common · masculine plural absolute
2,127× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means face or presence, like being in front of someone or something. It's used in many contexts, like in Genesis, Exodus, and Psalms, to describe interactions and relationships.
Amplified meaning
favoritism, accepting persons, or lifting faces, to certain individuals, or in a biased manner
Tyndale gloss
face
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word פָּנֶה (*pāneh*) is a noun meaning 'face' or 'presence,' and it appears in various contexts, including the faces of seraphim and animals, as well as the surface of the ground. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in front of.' The word is built from a root that suggests turning or facing, and it encompasses a wide range of applications, both literal and figurative.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[פָּנֶה], pl. פָּנִים 2123 n.m. face, also faces

face, faces

presence, person

technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence

face of seraphim

face of animals

face (= surface) of ground

as adv.loc. before

for other phrases

with prepositions

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6440 פָּנֶה, pl. פָּנִים face, also faces . . face, faces

. . presence, person

. technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence

. face of seraphim

. face of animals

. face (= surface) of ground

. as adv. loc. before

. for other phrases

. with prepositions

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6440 paniym paw-neem'

plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun (paneh

{paw-neh'}; from 6437); the face (as the part that turns);

used in a great variety of applications (literally and

figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a

preposition (before, etc.):--+ accept, a-(be- )fore(-time),

against, anger, X as (long as), at, + battle, + because (of),

+ beseech, countenance, edge, + employ, endure, + enquire,

face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er

time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, X him(-self), +

honourable, + impudent, + in, it, look(-eth) (- s), X me, +

meet, X more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), X on,

open, + out of, over against, the partial, person, + please,

presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, + regard, right

forth, + serve, X shewbread, sight, state, straight, + street,

X thee, X them(-selves), through (+ - out), till, time(-s)

Read the full entry →
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face: before.

: before/to/front

1) face

1a) face, faces

1b) presence, person

1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)

1d) face (of animals)

1e) face, surface (of ground)

1f) as adv of loc/temp

1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before

1g) with prep

1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of

פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face.

: face

1) face

1a) face, faces

1b) presence, person

1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)

1d) face (of animals)

1e) face, surface (of ground)

1f) as adv of loc/temp

1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before

1g) with prep

1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from…

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-cp — Noun common · masculine plural absolute
HNcmpa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
certainly he will rebuke the object marker you if in secrecy faces you will lift up !
תִּשָּׂאֽוּן׃ti.sa.'Un you will lift up ! H5375 Verb qal imperfect second person masculine plural · suffix
656× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to lift or raise something, and it's used in many ways, like lifting a burden or raising someone's status. It appears in books like Genesis and Isaiah, often talking about God lifting people up. It's about supporting or carrying something or someone.
Tyndale gloss
to lift: raise
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word נָשָׂא (nasa') means to lift, carry, or take, encompassing a wide range of applications both literal and figurative. It can refer to actions like bearing burdens, taking away, or being exalted. The entries indicate various forms and uses, including the ability to lift oneself up or cause others to bear iniquity. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נָשָׂא 656 vb. lift, carry, take

Qal

lift, lift up

Bear, carry

Take, take away

Niph.

be lifted up

refl. lift oneself up = rise up, of י׳, to display power in judgment

be borne, carried

be taken away, carried off

Pi.

lift up = exalt

fig. = desire, long

carry, bear continuously

take, take away

Hithp. lift oneself up

Hiph.

cause one to bear iniquity

appar. cause to bring, have brought

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5375 נָשָׂא lift, carry, take .. lift, lift up

. Bear, carry

. Take, take away

. . be lifted up

. refl. lift oneself up = rise up, of י׳, to display power in judgment

. be borne, carried

. be taken away, carried off

. . lift up = exalt

. fig. = desire, long

. carry, bear continuously

. take, take away

. lift oneself up

. . cause one to bear iniquity

. appar. cause to bring, have brought

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5375 nasa' naw-saw'

or nacah (Psalm 4 : 6 (7)) {naw-saw'}; a primitive root; to

lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and

figurative, absol. and rel. (as follows):--accept, advance,

arise, (able to, (armor), suffer to) bear(-er, up), bring

(forth), burn, carry (away), cast, contain, desire, ease,

exact, exalt (self), extol, fetch, forgive, furnish, further,

give, go on, help, high, hold up, honorable (+ man), lade,

lay, lift (self) up, lofty, marry, magnify, X needs, obtain,

pardon, raise (up), receive, regard, respect, set (up), spare,

stir up, + swear, take (away, up), X utterly, wear, yield.

see HEBREW for 04

see HEBREW for 06

see HEBREW for 07

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָשָׂא (na.sa) — to lift: raise.

: raise/take_up

1) to lift, bear up, carry, take

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to lift, lift up

1a2) to bear, carry, support, sustain, endure

1a3) to take, take away, carry off, forgive

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be lifted up, be exalted

1b2) to lift oneself up, rise up

1b3) to be borne, be carried

1b4) to be taken away, be carried off, be swept away

1c) (Piel)

1c1) to lift up, exalt, support, aid, assist

1c2) to desire, long (fig.)

1c3) to carry, bear continuously

1c4) to take, take away

1d) (Hithpael) to lift oneself up, exalt oneself

1e) (Hiphil)

1e1) to cause one to bear (iniquity)

1e2) to cause to bring, have brought

נָשָׂא (na.sa) — to lift: bear.

: look/lift(eyes)

1) to lift, bear up, carry, take

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to lift, lift up

1a2) to bear, carry, support, sustain, endure

1a3) to take, take away, carry off, forgive

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be lifted up, be exalted

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVqi2mp/Sn — Verb qal imperfect second person masculine plural · suffix
HVqi2mp/Sn
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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