Job 40:23 — Word Study
WLCהֵ֤ן יַעֲשֹׁ֣ק נָ֭הָר לֹ֣א יַחְפּ֑וֹז יִבְטַ֓ח׀ כִּֽי־ יָגִ֖יחַ יַרְדֵּ֣ן אֶל־ פִּֽיהוּ׃
BSAThoughhên the rivernâhâr [a flood, overflowing waters] ragesʻâshaq▸ Behemoth is unafraidlôʼ [a massive, powerful creature, not trembling, confident] he remains securebâṭach▸ [trusting, having faith] thoughkîy the JordanYardên [the river running from Lebanon to the Dead Sea] surgesgîyach▸ [bursts forth, comes out] toʼêl his mouthpeh [lip, edge]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| הֵ֤ן | there! | Particle |
| יַעֲשֹׁ֣ק | it is violent | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| נָ֭הָר | [the] river | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| לֹ֣א | not | Particle |
| יַחְפּ֑וֹז | it is alarmed | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| יִבְטַ֓ח׀ | it is confident | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| כִּֽי־ | for | Particle |
| יָגִ֖יחַ | it bursts forth | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| יַרְדֵּ֣ן | [the] Jordan | Noun proper |
| אֶל־ | to | Preposition |
| פִּֽיהוּ׃ | mouth its | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Though the river rages, Behemoth is unafraid; he remains secure, though the Jordan surges to his mouth. |
| KJV | Behold, he drinketh up a river, and hasteth not: he trusteth that he can draw up Jordan into his mouth. |
| ASV | Behold, if a river overflow, he trembleth not; He is confident, though a Jordan swell even to his mouth. |
| YLT | Lo, a flood oppresseth — he doth not haste, He is confident though Jordan Doth come forth unto his mouth. |
| WEB | Behold, if a river overflows, he doesn’t tremble. He is confident, though the Jordan swells even to his mouth. |
| BBE | Truly, if the river is overflowing, it gives him no cause for fear; he has no sense of danger, even if Jordan is rushing against his mouth. |
Where they part company is יַחְפּ֑וֹז — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence is structured around the main clause of the river's action, with Behemoth's response as a contrasting statement.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectנָהָר
verbעָשַׁק
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 40:23
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Majesty of Behemothgenerated
Job 40:23 illustrates the strength and confidence of Behemoth, a creature created by God, as it faces the turbulent waters of the river. This verse emphasizes the creature's fearlessness and security, even when the Jordan River surges toward its mouth. This section of Job highlights God's power in creation and the unique characteristics of His creatures, as seen in the surrounding verses.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isaiah 37:25 | I have dug wells and drunk foreign waters. With the soles of my feet I have dried up all the streams of Egypt.” |
| 2 | Psalm 55:8 | I would hurry to my shelter, far from this raging tempest.” |
| 3 | Isaiah 28:16 | So this is what the Lord GOD says: “See, I lay a stone in Zion, a tested stone, a precious cornerstone, a sure foundation; the one who believes will never be shaken. |
| 4 | Genesis 13:10 | And Lot looked out and saw that the whole plain of the Jordan, all the way to Zoar, was well watered like the garden of the LORD, like the land of Egypt. (This was before the LORD destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah.) |
| 5 | Joshua 3:15 | Now the Jordan overflows its banks throughout the harvest season. But as soon as the priests carrying the ark reached the Jordan and their feet touched the water’s edge, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יַעֲשֹׁ֣ק, ya.'a.Shokgenerated
The verb עָשַׁק (ashaq) means 'to oppress' or 'to be violent'. It conveys a sense of forceful action, often associated with wrongdoing or exploitation. In this context, it describes the river's violent nature, emphasizing the contrast between the raging waters and Behemoth's calm demeanor.
The parsing indicates that it is a third person masculine singular imperfect verb, suggesting an ongoing or habitual action. This highlights the river's continuous violent state, which Behemoth remains unafraid of.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse contains a series of clauses that describe the relationship between Behemoth and the river. The main verb יַעֲשֹׁ֣ק, it is violent, governs the subject נָ֭הָר, the river, indicating its tumultuous nature.
The structure emphasizes Behemoth's calmness in the face of danger, with additional clauses providing context about the river's actions and Behemoth's response.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יַעֲשֹׁ֣ק as ἔσται, meaning 'it will be' or 'it is', which shifts the focus slightly from the active violence of the river to a more descriptive state. This choice may suggest a more general observation about the river's nature rather than an emphasis on its violent action.
This translation reflects a broader interpretation of the Hebrew text, indicating a different nuance in how the river's character is perceived.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 40:23 describes Behemoth, a powerful creature, as unafraid of the raging river. Despite the Jordan surging toward its mouth, Behemoth remains secure and confident. This verse highlights the creature's strength and the majesty of God's creation.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Behemoth symbolizes strength and confidence, showcasing God's power in creation.
The river's violent nature emphasizes the contrast between its tumultuous actions and Behemoth's calmness.
The Jordan River is a significant geographical feature in the Bible, representing both physical and spiritual journeys.
This verse highlights the theme of God's sovereignty over creation and the unique characteristics of His creatures.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does Behemoth's fearlessness teach us about facing challenges in our lives?
- How can we find security and confidence in God amidst turbulent times?
- What are some examples of God's creation that inspire awe and respect?
- How does understanding the nature of Behemoth enhance our view of God's power?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers referenced this verse to illustrate the power of God over creation and the nature of humanity's challenges.
For since the children are partakers of flesh and blood, He also Himself likewise partook of the same (Hebrews 2.14), that having been made partakers of His presence in the flesh we might be made partakers also of His Divine grace: thus…Early Church Fathers on Job 40 →
Hence the Lord says to blessed Job concerning the ancient enemy of the human race: "He will swallow up a river and not wonder,Early Church Fathers on Job 40 →
He will drink up a river, and will not wonder, and trusteth that Jordan can flow into his mouth. 12. For what is in this place designated by the name of 'river,' except the downward course of the human race, which rises at its birth,Early Church Fathers on Job 40 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 40:23 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleBehold, he drinketh up a river, [and] hasteth not,.... The elephant is indeed a very thirsty animal, and drinks largely; the philosopher (l) says it drinks nine Macedonian bushels at a feeding, and
Read John Gill on Job 40 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryBehold now behemoth, which I made with thee; he eateth grass as an ox.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 40 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHe drinketh up; or, he snatcheth, or draweth, or drinketh up as it were with force and violence, as the word signifies. A river, i.e. a great quantity of water, hyperbolically called a river, as it is also 105:41. This may be fitly applied to the elephant, which because of its great bulk and vehement thirst drinks a great deal of water at one draught, as naturalists and historians have observed. Hasteth not; he drinks not with fear and caution, and sparingly, as the dogs do at Nilus, for fear of the crocodile; but such is his courage and self-confidence, that he fears no enemy, either by water or by land, but drinketh securely and liberally. He trusteth that he can draw up Jordan into his…
Read Matthew Poole on Job 40 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 40:23 Behold, he drinketh up a river, [and] hasteth not: he trusteth that he can draw up Jordan into his mouth.Ver. 23. Behold, he drinketh up a river, and hasteth not] viz. Through fear, tanquam canis ad Nilum, as the dogs that drink at Nile fear the crocodile; or as they of this land anciently drank in fear of their lives the while, and were, therefore, wont to have some friend to undertake for their safety: whence that expression of him who is drunk to, I’ ll pledge for you. The elephant, as he drinks huge draughts (beyond that of the camel, who drinketh, saith Pliny, lib. 8, cap. 18, Et in praeteritum, et in futurum, for both the time past and the time to come), so he drinks without…
Read John Trapp on Job 40 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(23) Behold, he drinketh up a river.—This verse is better rendered, Behold, if a river overflow (or, is violent), he trembleth not (or, hasteneth not); he is confident, though Jordan swell up to his mouth.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 40 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 23. Behold, he drinketh up a river] A similar mode of expression, and of precisely the same meaning, as that in Job 39:24: "He swalloweth the ground with fierceness." No river can stop his course: he wades through all; stems every tide and torrent; and hurries not as though he were in danger. He trusteth that he can draw up Jordan] Even when the river overflows its banks, it is no stoppage to him: though the whole impetuosity of its stream rush against his mouth, he is not afraid. Mr. Good has seized the true idea in his translation of this verse: - "If the stream rage, he revileth not: He is unmoved, though Jordan rush against his mouth." From this mention of Jordan it is probable…
Read AdamClarke on Job 40 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges23. The verse means, Behold the stream swelleth, he trembleth not; He is careless, though Jordan break forth upon his mouth. The word “swelleth” means lit. oppresses, that is, rushes violently against him. The term “Jordan,” or “a Jordan,” is used by way of example, meaning a violent outbreak of water. The term “break forth” is that used of the sea, ch. Job 38:8.
Read Cambridge on Job 40 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleBehold he drinketh up a river - Margin, “oppresseth.” The margin expresses the proper meaning of the Hebrew word, עשׁק ‛âshaq. It usually means to oppress, to treat with violence and injustice; and to defraud, or extort.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 40 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Though the river rages, Behemoth is unafraid; he remains secure, though the Jordan surges to his mouth.
Behold, if a river overflows, he doesn’t tremble. He is confident, though the Jordan swells even to his mouth.
Though the river rages, Behemoth is unafraid; he remains secure, though the Jordan surges to his mouth.
If the river rages, it is not disturbed, it is secure, though the Jordan should surge up to its mouth.
Tyndale line
Behold, he drinketh up a river, and hasteth not: he trusteth that he can draw up Jordan into his mouth.
Behold, if a river overflow, he trembleth not; He is confident, though a Jordan swell even to his mouth.
Behold, if a river overflow, he trembleth not: he is confident, though Jordan swell even to his mouth.
Behold, he drinketh up a river, and hasteth not: he trusteth that he can draw up Jordan into his mouth.
Will hee make a couenant with thee? and wilt thou take him as a seruant for euer?
Strictly literal
Lo, the river overfloweth — he startleth not: he is confident though a Jordan break forth against his mouth.
Lo, a flood oppresseth — he doth not haste, He is confident though Jordan Doth come forth unto his mouth.
Behold, a flood oppresses—he does not hurry, || He is confident though Jordan || Comes forth to his mouth.
Behold, a river sweepeth violently along, but he hasteneth not away: he remaineth quiet, though a Jordan rusheth up to his mouth.
See, if a river floods its banks, he does not tremble; he is confident, though the Jordan should surge up to his mouth.
From the Latin
Will he make a covenant with thee, and wilt thou take him to be a servant for ever?
Simplified
Even if the river is in flood, it is not concerned; it remains calm when the Jordan river surges against it.
Truly, if the river is overflowing, it gives him no cause for fear; he has no sense of danger, even if Jordan is rushing against his mouth.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree on the wording of this verse, with 9 of the 11 words matched. The Septuagint's word order and articles differ, but the core message about Behemoth's fearlessness in the face of the river remains intact.
הֵ֤ן יַעֲשֹׁ֣ק נָ֭הָר לֹ֣א יַחְפּ֑וֹז יִבְטַ֓ח׀ כִּֽי־ יָגִ֖יחַ יַרְדֵּ֣ן אֶל־ פִּֽיהוּ׃
9 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 40:23
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
הֵן (hen) is a demonstrative adverb or interjection meaning 'lo!' or 'behold!'. It is primarily used to draw attention to a fact that prompts action or leads to a conclusion. The word can also express surprise and is less common than its counterpart הִנֵּה (hinneh). Additionally, it can function hypothetically as 'if'.
הֵן 100 demonstr.adv. or interj. lo!, behold (on etym. v. הִנֵּה), less widely used than הִנֵּה, and in prose mostly confined to calling attention to some fact upon which action is to be taken, or a conclusion based
base
H2005 הֵן demonstr. adv. or interj. lo!, behold (on etym. v. הִנֵּה), less widely used than הִנֵּה, and in prose mostly confined to calling attention to some fact upon which action is to be taken, or a conclusion based
2005 hen hane
a primitive particle; lo!; also (as expressing surprise)
if:--behold, if, lo, though.
הֵן (hen) — look!.
interj
1) behold, lo, though hypothetical part
2) if
Aramaic equivalent: hen (הֵן "look!" H2006A)
Part — ParticleHTj
עָשַׁק (ashaq) is a Hebrew verb meaning to oppress, wrong, or extort. It conveys actions of pressing upon, defrauding, and committing violence. The word can also imply being exploited or crushed in its passive form. It is rooted in a primitive form and is related to the concept of deceitful gain.
עָשַׁק oppress, wrong, extort
base
H6231 עָשַׁק oppress, wrong, extort
6231 `ashaq aw-shak'
a primitive root (compare 6229); to press upon, i.e. oppress,
defraud, violate, overflow:--get deceitfully, deceive,
defraud, drink up, (use) oppress((-ion)), -or), do violence
(wrong).
see HEBREW for 06229
עָשַׁק (a.shaq) — to oppress.
1) to press upon, oppress, violate, defraud, do violence, get deceitfully, wrong, extort
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to oppress, wrong, extort
1a2) to oppress
1b) (Pual) to be exploited, be crushed
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
נָהָר (nahar) means 'stream' or 'river' and can refer to various water bodies, including the Nile and Euphrates. It also has a figurative sense of prosperity. The word is derived from a root meaning related to flowing water and has an Aramaic equivalent, נְהַר (ne.har).
נָהָר 120 n.m. stream, river
base
H5104 נָהָר stream, river
5104 nahar naw-hawr'
from 5102; a stream (including the sea; expec. the Nile,
Euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity:--flood, river.
see HEBREW for 05102
נָהָר (na.har) — River.
This name means stream, river
Another name of pe.rat (פְּרָת "Euphrates" H6578)
נָהָר (na.har) — river.
1) stream, river
1a) stream, river
1b) (underground) streams
Aramaic equivalent: ne.har (נְהַר "river" H5103H)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
riv'-er:
(1) The usual word is nahar (Aramaic nehar (Ezr 4:10, etc.)), used of the rivers of Eden (Ge 2:10-14), often of the Euphrates (Ge 15:18, etc.), of Abana and Pharpar (2Ki 5:12), the river of Gozan (2Ki 17:6), the river Chebar (Eze 1:1), the rivers (canals?) of Babylon (Ps 137:1), the rivers of Ethiopia (Isa 18:1; Ze 3:10). Compare nahr, the common Arabic word for "river."
River
(1.) Heb. ‘aphik, properly the channel or ravine that holds water (2 Sam. 22:16), translated “brook,” “river,” “stream,” but not necessarily a perennial stream (Ezek. 6:3; 31:12; 32:6; 34:13).
(2.) Heb. nahal, in winter a “torrent,” in summer a “wady” or valley (Gen. 32:23; Deut. 2:24; 3:16; Isa. 30:28; Lam. 2:18; Ezek. 47:9).
These winter torrents sometimes come down with great suddenness and with desolating force. A distinguished traveller thus describes his experience in this matter…
In the sense in which we employ the word viz. for a perennial stream of considerable size, a river is a much rarer object in the East than in the West. With the exception of the Jordan and the Litany, the streams of the holy land are either entirely dried up in the summer months converted into hot lanes of glaring stones, or else reduced to very small streamlets, deeply sunk in a narrow bed, and concealed from view by a dense growth of shrubs. The perennial river is called nahar by the Hebrews. With the definite article, "the river," it signifies invariably the Euphrates. (Genesis 31:21; Exodus 23:31; Numbers 24:6; 2 Samuel 10:16) etc. It is never applied to the fleeting…
This word answers in our Bible to various Hebrew terms, of which the principal are the following:
1. Yeor, an Egyptian word signifying river. It is always applied to the Nile and its various canals, except in Job 28:10 Da 12:5,6,7 2. Nahar, applied, like our word river, to constantly flowing streams, such as the Euphrates. In our version this word is sometimes rendered "flood," Jos 24:2,3, etc.
3. Nahal, a torrent-bed, or valley through which water flows in the rainy season only, Nu 34:5, etc; frequently rendered "brook," Nu 13:28 Job 6:15, etc. Such streams are to the…
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Part — ParticleHTn
חָפַז (chaphaz) is a Hebrew verb that conveys the idea of hurrying or being in a state of alarm. It can denote a sudden startle or fear, leading to hasty actions, such as fleeing. The verb appears in different forms, including Qal and Niphal, indicating various nuances of urgency and trepidation.
[חָפַז] vb. be in trepidation, hurry, or alarm
Qal be in a hurry or alarm, of hurried flight
Niph. hurry away in alarm
base
H2648 [חָפַז] be in trepidation, hurry, or alarm
2648 chaphaz khaw-faz'
a primitive root; properly, to start up suddenly, i.e. (by
implication) to hasten away, to fear:--(make) haste (away),
tremble.
חָפַז (cha.phaz) — to hurry.
1) to hurry, flee, hasten, fear, be terrified
1a) (Qal) to be in a hurry, be alarmed
1b) (Niphal) to be in a hurry
HVqi3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
בָּטַח (batach) is a Hebrew verb meaning to trust or have confidence. It conveys a sense of security and boldness, both in a personal sense and when causing others to feel secure. The entries indicate its use in different forms, such as Qal and Hiphil, covering aspects of trust and confidence.
בָּטַח vb. trust
Qal
trust
be confident
Hiph. cause to trust, make secure
base
H982 בָּטַח trust . trust
. be confident
982 batach baw-takh'
a primitive root; properly, to hie for refuge (but not so
precipitately as 2620); figuratively, to trust, be confident
or sure:--be bold (confident, secure, sure), careless (one,
woman), put confidence, (make to) hope, (put, make to) trust.
see HEBREW for 02620
בָּטַח (ba.tach) — to trust.
1) to trust
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to trust, trust in
1a2) to have confidence, be confident
1a3) to be bold
1a4) to be secure
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to trust, make secure
2) (TWOT) to feel safe, be careless
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'
כִּי conj. that, for, when
that
Of time, when, of the past
elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
Because, since
base
כִּי אם־
each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:
that if
for if
(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—
limiting the prec. clause, except
the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
after an oath, surely
base
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that
. . Of time, when, of the past
. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
. Because, since
H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if
. for if
. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except
. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
. after an oath, surely
H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
3588 kiy kee
a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional
prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent
or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative
conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by
other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,
where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,
even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +
nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,
therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,
whether, while, whom, yea, yet.
כִּי (ki) — for.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if
1f) but rather, but
1g) except that
1h) only, nevertheless
1i) surely
1j) that is
1k) but if
1l) for though
1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.
1) except if
1a) but if
1b) even though
כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
Conj — ParticleHTc
for (ki (conjunction), le, from 'el (preposition), and various other words. In the New Testament also the words are various, chiefly gar, kai gar, hoti (conjunctions); anti apo eis dia (accusative), epi (dative and accusative), peri (genitive), pros (genitive and accusative), huper (genitive) (prepositions)): the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version give in many cases more literal or more accurate renderings than those in the King James Version.
In the New Testament the most important preps. from a doctrinal point of view are anti, "face to face," "over against," "instead," "on behalf of," peri, "around," "about," "concerning," huper, "over," "on behalf of." The first has been claimed as stating the substitutionary nature of Christ's sacrifice as contrasted with huper and peri, more frequently used of it. But, although anti in the New Testament often means…
גִּיחַ (giyach) means to burst forth or come out, often in the context of drawing forth or bringing forth, particularly from the womb. It can also imply breaking forth or issuing forth, as seen in various forms of labor or travail. The entries do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
[גִּיחַ, גּוּחַ] vb. burst forth
intrans. burst forth
trans.
draw forth from womb
thrust forth, bring forth, fig. of travail
base
H1518 [גִּיחַ, גּוּחַ] burst forth . intrans. burst forth
. trans. . draw forth from womb
. thrust forth, bring forth, fig. of travail
1518 giyach ghee'-akh
or (shortened) goach {go'-akh}; a primitive root; to gush
forth (as water), generally to issue:--break forth, labor to
bring forth, come forth, draw up, take out.
גִּיחַ (gi.ach) — to burst/come out.
1) to burst forth
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to burst forth
1a2) to draw forth
1a3) to bring forth
1b) (Hiphil) to break forth
Aramaic equivalent: gi.ach (גִּיחַ "to strive" H1519)
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
forth: "Forth," adverb (from "for"), signifies movement
(1) forward,
(2) out of,
(3) beyond a certain boundary.
In a few instances in the Old Testament it is the translation of the preposition `al, properly "above," "upon" (2Ki 11:15; 2Ch 23:14; Am 7:17 the King James Version), and of chuts, "without" (Ge 39:13; Jud 19:25). "Forth" is often used as an expletive of various verbs, as "break (forth)," "bring (forth)," "call (forth)," etc. In the Gospel of John it is the translation of exo, "without," as "Lazarus, come forth" (11:43; so 15:6; 19:4 the King James Version…
יַרְדֵן (Yarden) refers to the Jordan River, named for its meaning 'descender.' It is the main river in Palestine, flowing approximately 200 miles from Anti-Lebanon to the Dead Sea. The entries consistently identify it as a geographical feature without significant disagreement.
יַרְדֵן 182 n.pr.fl. Jordan
base
H3383 יַרְדֵן Jordan
3383 Yarden yar-dane'
from 3381; a descender; Jarden, the principal river of
Palestine:--Jordan.
see HEBREW for 03381
יַרְדֵּן (yar.den) — Jordan.
Jordan = "descender"
the river of Palestine running from the roots of Anti-Lebanon to the Dead Sea a distance of approx 200 miles (320 km)
Also named: Iordanēs (Ἰορδάνης "Jordan" G2446)
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
jor'-dan (yarden, "flowing downward"; 'Iordanes):
1. Source:
The Jordan river proper begins at the junction of four streams (the Bareighit, the Hasbany, the Leddan, and the Banias), in the upper part of the plain of Lake Huleh. The Bareighit receives its supply of water from the hills on the West, which separate the valley from the river Litany, and is the least important of the four. The Hasbany is the longest of the four (40 miles), issuing from a great fountain at the western foot of Mt. Hermon near Hasbeiya, 1,700 ft. above the sea, and descends 1,500 ft. in its course to the plain. The Leddan is the largest of the four streams, issuing in several fountains at the foot of the mound Tell el-kady (Dan, or Laish) at an elevation of 505 ft. above the sea. The Banias issues from a celebrated fountain near the town of Banias, which is identified as the Caesarea Philippi associated with the…
Jordan
Heb. Yarden, “the descender;” Arab. Nahr-esh-Sheriah, “the watering-place” the chief river of Palestine. It flows from north to south down a deep valley in the centre of the country. The name descender is significant of the fact that there is along its whole course a descent to its banks; or it may simply denote the rapidity with which it “descends” to the Dead Sea.
It originates in the snows of Hermon, which feed its perennial fountains. Two sources are generally spoken of. (1.) From the western base of a hill on which once stood the city of Dan, the northern border-city of Palestine, there gushes forth a considerable fountain called the Leddan, which is the largest fountain in Syria and the principal source of the Jordan. (2.) Beside the ruins of Banias, the ancient Caesarea Philippi and the yet more ancient Panium, is a lofty cliff of limestone, at the base of which…
(the descender), the one river of Palestine, has a course of little more than 200 miles, from the roots of Anti-Lebanon to the head of the Dead Sea. (136 miles in a straight line. --Schaff.) It is the river of the "great plain" of Palestine --the "descender," if not "the river of God" in the book of Psalms, at least that of his chosen people throughout their history. There were fords over against Jericho, to which point the men of Jericho pursued the spies. (Joshua 2:7) comp. Judg 3:28 Higher up where the fords or passages of Bethbarah, where Gideon lay in wait for the Midianites, (Judges 7:24) and where the men of Gilead slew the Ephraimites. ch. (Judges 12:6) These fords…
The chief river of Palestine, running from north to south, and dividing the Holy Land into two parts, of which the larger and more important lay on the west. There are two small streams, each of which claims to be its source. One of these, near Banias, anciently Caesarea Philippi, issues from a large cave in a rocky mountain side, and flows several miles towards the south-west, where it is joined by the second and larger stream, which originates in a fountain at Tellel-Kady, three miles west of Banias. But besides these, there is a third and longer stream, which rises beyond the northern limit of Palestine, near Hasbeia on the west side of mount Hermon, flows twenty-four miles to the south, and unites with the other streams before they enter the "waters of Merom," now lake Huleh, the Jordan flows about nine miles south-ward to the sea of Tiberias, through which its clear and smooth…
The Hebrew word אֶל (el) is primarily a preposition indicating motion towards or direction to a person or place. It can also imply entering a limit, presence at a location, or a hostile direction (against). Additionally, it may express concepts such as concerning, in addition to, or according to. The entries highlight its versatility in both physical and metaphorical contexts.
אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph),
prep. denoting motion to or direction towards (whether physical or mental).of motion to or unto a person or place
Where the limit is actually entered, into
Of direction towards anything
Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against
Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to
Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of
Of rule or standard according to (rare)
Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion
Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to
base
H413 אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph), . of motion to or unto a person or place
. Where the limit is actually entered, into
. Of direction towards anything
. Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against
. Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to
. Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of
. Of rule or standard according to (rare)
. Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion
. Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to
413 'el ale
(but only used in the shortened constructive form sel {el});
a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but
occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or
among; often in general, to:--about, according to ,after,
against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and,
by, concerning, for, from, X hath, in(- to), near, (out) of,
over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether,
with(-in).
אֶל (el) — to(wards).
1) to, toward, unto (of motion)
2) into (limit is actually entered)
2a) in among
3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion)
4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character)
5) in addition to, to
6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of
7) according to (rule or standard)
8) at, by, against (of one's presence)
9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)
Prep — PrepositionHR
The Hebrew word פֶּה (*peh*) means 'mouth' and encompasses various meanings, including the mouth of a person or animal, as well as openings or orifices. It can also refer to speech, edges, and portions. Additionally, it denotes a weight equal to one third of a shekel, found in 1 Samuel 13:21.
פֶּה 485 n.m. mouth
mouth, of man, organ of eating and drinking
external organ
much oftener, as organ of speech, of man
as laughing; panting
of God
of idols
of musical instr. = sound
of animals; hence of edge of sword
mouth = opening, orifice
extremity, end
= portion
with preps.
base
H6310 פֶּה mouth . . mouth, of man, organ of eating and drinking
. external organ
. . much oftener, as organ of speech, of man
. as laughing; panting
. of God
. of idols
. of musical instr. = sound
. of animals
. mouth = opening, orifice
. . extremity, end
. = portion
. with preps.
6310 peh peh
from 6284; the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether
literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically
edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition)
according to:--accord(-ing as, -ing to), after, appointment,
assent, collar, command(-ment), X eat, edge, end, entry, +
file, hole, X in, mind, mouth, part, portion, X (should)
say(-ing), sentence, skirt, sound, speech, X spoken, talk,
tenor, X to, + two-edged, wish, word.
see HEBREW for 06284
פֶּה (peh) — lip.
: lip/mouth
peh
1) mouth
1a) mouth (of man)
1b) mouth (as organ of speech)
1c) mouth (of animals)
1d) mouth, opening, orifice (of a well, river, etc)
1e) extremity, end pim
2) a weight equal to one third of a shekel, occurs only in 1Sa 13:21
פֶּה (peh) — lip: edge.
: edge
peh
1) mouth
1a) mouth (of man)
1b) mouth (as organ of speech)
1c) mouth (of animals)
1d) mouth, opening, orifice (of a well, river, etc)
1e) extremity, end pim
2) a weight equal to one third of a shekel, occurs only in 1Sa 13:21
פֶּה (peh) — lip: word.
: word/command
peh
1) mouth
1a) mouth (of man)
1b) mouth (as organ of speech)
1c) mouth (of animals)
1d) mouth, opening, orifice (of a well, river, etc)
1e) extremity, end pim
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
