Joshua 15:14 — Word Study
WLCוַיֹּ֤רֶשׁ מִשָּׁם֙ כָּלֵ֔ב אֶת־ שְׁלוֹשָׁ֖ה בְּנֵ֣י הָעֲנָ֑ק אֶת־ שֵׁשַׁ֤י וְאֶת־ אֲחִימַן֙ וְאֶת־ תַּלְמַ֔י יְלִידֵ֖י הָעֲנָֽק׃
BSAAnd CalebKâlêb [a faithful Israelite] drove outyârash▸ from thereshâm [that place, thence] the threeshâlôwsh [a trio, thrice] sonsbên of AnakʻÂnâq [a giant, a Canaanite] the descendants ofʼêth [born, offspring] SheshaiShêshay [a giant, a son of Anak] AhimanʼĂchîyman [a powerful man] and TalmaiTalmay [a Canaanite, a son of Anak] the childrenyâlîyd [sons, descendants] of AnakʻÂnâq [the ancestor of a tribe of giants]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַיֹּ֤רֶשׁ | and he dispossessed | Verb, Hiphil, sequential imperfect third person masculine singular |
| מִשָּׁם֙ | from there | Preposition, adverb |
| כָּלֵ֔ב | Caleb | Noun proper masculine |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| שְׁלוֹשָׁ֖ה | three | Adj |
| בְּנֵ֣י | [the] sons of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| הָעֲנָ֑ק | Anak | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| שֵׁשַׁ֤י | Sheshai | Noun proper masculine |
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| אֲחִימַן֙ | Ahiman | Noun proper masculine |
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| תַּלְמַ֔י | Talmai | Noun proper masculine |
| יְלִידֵ֖י | those born of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| הָעֲנָֽק׃ | Anak | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | And Caleb drove out from there the three sons of Anak—the descendants of Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak. |
| KJV | And Caleb drove thence the three sons of Anak, Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak. |
| ASV | And Caleb drove out thence the three sons of Anak: Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak. |
| YLT | And Caleb is dispossessing thence the three sons of Anak, Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, children of Anak, |
| WEB | Caleb drove out the three sons of Anak: Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak. |
| BBE | And the three sons of Anak, Sheshai and Ahiman and Talmai, the children of Anak, were forced out from there by Caleb. |
Translations agree on the action of Caleb driving out the sons of Anak, maintaining the core meaning across versions.
The sentence is structured with a main clause followed by several descriptive phrases that provide detail about the action and its context.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectכָּלֵב
verbיָרַשׁ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Joshua 15:14
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Conquest of Canaangenerated
Joshua 15:14 describes Caleb's actions as he takes possession of the land promised to the Israelites. This verse highlights his faithfulness and courage in driving out the descendants of Anak, who were known for their formidable size and strength. The context of this passage is part of the broader narrative of the Israelites' conquest of Canaan, where Caleb's leadership and trust in God are emphasized, particularly in contrast to the fear exhibited by others when faced with the giants of the land.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Joshua 10:36–37 | Then Joshua and all Israel with him went up from Eglon to Hebron and fought against it. |
| 2 | Joshua 11:21 | At that time Joshua proceeded to eliminate the Anakim from the hill country of Hebron, Debir, and Anab, and from all the hill country of Judah and of Israel. Joshua devoted them to destruction, along with their cities. |
| 3 | Numbers 13:22–23 | They went up through the Negev and came to Hebron, where Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai, the descendants of Anak, dwelled. It had been built seven years before Zoan in Egypt. |
| 4 | Judges 1:10–20 | Judah also marched against the Canaanites who were living in Hebron (formerly known as Kiriath-arba), and they struck down Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יָרַשׁ, vai.Yo.reshgenerated
The verb יָרַשׁ (*yarash*) means to take possession or inherit. It conveys the idea of driving out others to occupy a space, indicating both conquest and ownership. In this context, it reflects Caleb's decisive action in claiming the land from the giants.
The parsing as a Hiphil verb shows that Caleb actively dispossessed the sons of Anak, emphasizing his role as the subject who drives out the inhabitants. This word captures the essence of taking control and fulfilling God's promise to the Israelites.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses the word drove out.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb יָרַשׁ governs the main action of the verse, with Caleb as the subject. The structure is straightforward, presenting Caleb's action followed by the object of his action, the three sons of Anak.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on Caleb's action first, highlighting his decisive role in the conquest before introducing the formidable opponents he faced.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יָרַשׁ as ἐχωλέθρευσεν, which suggests a similar meaning of dispossessing or driving out. This choice aligns with the Hebrew intent but may reflect a slight variation in nuance.
The use of a different Greek term indicates an interpretation that may widen the understanding of Caleb's actions beyond mere possession to include a sense of expulsion.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Joshua 15:14 tells us that Caleb drove out the three sons of Anak, who were giants in the land. This action shows Caleb's bravery and faith in God's promises as he took control of the land given to the Israelites.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The sons of Anak were giants in the land of Canaan, specifically named Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai, known for their great size and strength.
Caleb's action of driving out the sons of Anak signifies his faith and determination to claim the land promised by God to the Israelites.
Caleb's action is significant because it demonstrates his unwavering faith in God and his willingness to confront challenges, serving as an example for the Israelites.
The name Anak is associated with giants and means 'neck,' suggesting tall stature, and refers to a lineage of giants known as the Anakim.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What challenges have I faced that required faith and courage like Caleb's?
- How can I take possession of the promises God has made in my life?
- In what ways can I demonstrate faithfulness in my own actions?
- How does Caleb's story inspire me to confront my own giants?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Origen of Alexandria comments on this verse, interpreting the sons of Anak as representing humility outside the holy, illustrating a moral lesson drawn from Caleb's actions.
But who are those sons of vain humility whom Caleb drove out? First Sheshai, which is interpreted "outside me," that is, "outside the holy," because the son of vain humility is outside the holy, and indeed outside God.Early Church Fathers on Joshua 15 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Joshua 15:14 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd Caleb drove thence the three sons of Anak,.... Some think this was after the death of Joshua, and is here inserted by some other person divinely inspired, and thoroughly acquainted with this
Read John Gill on Joshua 15 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd Caleb drove thence the three sons of Anak, Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak.
Read Robert Jamieson on Joshua 15 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThence, i.e. from the said territory, from their caves and and forts in it: compare . This and the following work was done either in Joshua’ s life-time, as may seem from , or after his death, as is related ; these giants having either recovered their cities or defended themselves in the mountains. Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai; either the same who are mentioned , and so they were long-lived men, such as many were in those times and places; or their sons, called by their fathers’ names, which is very usual.
Read Matthew Poole on Joshua 15 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJoshua 15:14 And Caleb drove thence the three sons of Anak, Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak.Ver. 14. And Caleb drove thence.] Nos quoque militemus, Heaven is not to be had sine sanguine et sudore, without pains, patience, violence.
Read John Trapp on Joshua 15 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(13-19) And unto Caleb . . . This paragraph occurs also in Judges 1:10-15, with some slight variations. Which is its original place? In Judges it is connected with the continuation of the conquest of Canaan by the tribe of Judah after Joshua’s death, and there we read they slew (literally, smote) Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai. If this is the death, and not merely the defeat of the Anakim (the Hebrew word is not absolutely decisive), we have two stages in the conquest of Hebron described—viz., (l) the expulsion of the Anakim sufficiently for Caleb to occupy the place; and (2) their final defeat and death. It seems hardly possible to make the narrative in Judges 1 a mere repetition of an…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Joshua 15 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 14. The three sons of Anak] See Clarke on Joshua 14:15.
Read AdamClarke on Joshua 15 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges14. the three sons of Anak] Three chiefs of the Anakims. Comp. Numbers 13:22.
Read Cambridge on Joshua 15 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible14. The three sons of Anak — Joshua had cut off the Anakim from the mountains and destroyed their cities, (Joshua 11:21,) but after his army retired northward these three old chieftains had rallied
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Joshua 15 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
And Caleb drove out from there the three sons of Anak—the descendants of Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak.
Caleb drove out the three sons of Anak: Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak.
And Caleb drove out from there the three sons of Anak—the descendants of Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak.
Caleb drove out from there three Anakites – Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai, descendants of Anak.
Tyndale line
And Caleb drove thence the three sons of Anak, Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak.
And Caleb drove out thence the three sons of Anak: Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak.
And Caleb drove out thence the three sons of Anak, Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak.
And Caleb drove thence the three sons of Anak, Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak.
And Caleb droue thence three sonnes of Anak, Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the sonnes of Anak.
Strictly literal
And thence Caleb dispossessed the three sons of Anak, Sheshai and Ahiman and Talmai, who were born of Anak.
And Caleb is dispossessing thence the three sons of Anak, Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, children of Anak,
And Caleb is dispossessing there the three sons of Anak: Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, children of Anak,
And Caleb drove out from there the three sons of 'Anak, Sheshai, and Achiman, and Talmai, the children of 'Anak.
Caleb drove out from there the three sons of Anak: Sheshai, Ahiman and Talmai, descendants of Anak.
From the Latin
And Caleb destroyed out of it the three sons of Ehac, Sesai and Ahiman. and Tholmai of the race of Enac.
Simplified
Caleb drove out three family groups—Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai, descendants of Anak.
And the three sons of Anak, Sheshai and Ahiman and Talmai, the children of Anak, were forced out from there by Caleb.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree on the content of the verse, though the Septuagint's wording differs slightly. Both texts affirm Caleb's action in driving out the sons of Anak, highlighting the historical consistency of this narrative.
וַיֹּ֤רֶשׁ מִשָּׁם֙ כָּלֵ֔ב אֶת־ שְׁלוֹשָׁ֖ה בְּנֵ֣י הָעֲנָ֑ק אֶת־ שֵׁשַׁ֤י וְאֶת־ אֲחִימַן֙ וְאֶת־ תַּלְמַ֔י יְלִידֵ֖י הָעֲנָֽק׃
8 of the 15 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Joshua 15:14
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word יָרַשׁ (*yarash*) is a verb meaning to take possession, inherit, or dispossess. It encompasses a range of actions from seizing and occupying land to impoverishing or ruining others. The entries indicate various forms of the verb, including Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, which express different nuances of possession and dispossession.
יָרַשׁ 229 vb. take possession of, inherit, dispossess
Qal
take possession of, esp. bu force, have as a possession, often with collat. idea of taking in place of others, succeeding to, inheriting
inherit, sq. acc. pers. = be one's heir
= impoverish
Niph. be (dispossessed =) impoverished, come to poverty
Pi. the fruit of thy ground shall the cricket get full possession
Hiph.
cause to possess or inherit
cause (others) to possess or inherit, then gen. dispossess
= impoverish
nearly = bring to ruin, destroy
take possession of a land
base
H3423 יָרַשׁ take possession of, inherit, dispossess .. take possession of, esp. bu force, have as a possession, often with collat. idea of taking in place of others, succeeding to, inheriting
. inherit, sq. acc. pers. = be one's heir
. = impoverish
. be (dispossessed =) impoverished, come to poverty
. the fruit of thy ground shall the cricket get full possession
. . cause to possess or inherit
. cause (others) to possess or inherit, then gen. dispossess
. = impoverish
. nearly = bring to ruin, destroy
. take possession of a land
3423 yarash yaw-rash'
or yaresh {yaw-raysh'}; a primitive root; to occupy (by
driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place);
by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel,
to impoverish, to ruin:--cast out, consume, destroy,
disinherit, dispossess, drive(-ing) out, enjoy, expel, X
without fail, (give to, leave for) inherit(-ance, -or) +
magistrate, be (make) poor, come to poverty, (give to, make
to) possess, get (have) in (take) possession, seize upon,
succeed, X utterly.
יָרַשׁ (ya.rash) — to possess: possess.
: possess/inherit
1) to seize, dispossess, take possession off, inherit, disinherit, occupy, impoverish, be an heir
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to take possession of
1a2) to inherit
1a3) to impoverish, come to poverty, be poor
1b) (Niphal) to be dispossessed, be impoverished, come to poverty
1c) (Piel) to devour
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to possess or inherit
1d2) to cause others to possess or inherit
1d3) to impoverish
1d4) to dispossess
1d5) to destroy, bring to ruin, disinherit
יָרַשׁ (ya.rash) — to possess: take.
: take/conquer/drive_out
1) to seize, dispossess, take possession off, inherit, disinherit, occupy, impoverish, be an heir
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to take possession of
1a2) to inherit
1a3) to impoverish, come to poverty, be poor
1b) (Niphal) to be dispossessed, be impoverished, come to poverty
1c) (Piel) to devour
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to possess or inherit
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3ms — Verb · Hiphil · sequential imperfect third person masculine singularHc/Vhw3ms
שָׁם (sham) is a Hebrew adverb meaning 'there' or 'thither,' indicating a location or direction. It can also refer to a point in time, translating to 'then.' The word is derived from a relative pronoun and is used in various contexts, including movement and temporal references.
שָׁם adv. there, thither
base
H8033 שָׁם there, thither
8033 sham shawm
a primitive particle (rather from the relative pronoun, 834);
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or
thence:--in it, + thence, there (-in, + of, + out), +
thither, + whither.
see HEBREW for 0834
שָׁם (sham) — there.
1) there, thither
1a) there
1b) thither (after verbs of motion)
1c) from there, thence
1d) then (as an adverb of time)
Aramaic equivalent: tam.mah (תַּמָּה "there" H8536)
שָׁם (sham) — (Jerusalem) Is There.
Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
This name means there, thither
Prep | Adv — Preposition · adverbHR/D
The Hebrew word כָּלֵב (*Kaleb*) refers to a personal name, specifically Caleb, the son of Jephunneh. He is noted as a faithful spy in the Old Testament who advocated for the capture of the Promised Land. The name is also associated with the meaning 'dog.' There are references to other individuals named Caleb, including a descendant of Hezron.
כָּלֵב n.pr.m. son of יְפֻנֶּה
base
H3612 כָּלֵב son of יְפֻנֶּה
3612 Kaleb kaw-labe'
perhaps a form of 3611, or else from the same root in the
sense of forcible; Caleb, the name of three
Israelites:--Caleb.
see HEBREW for 03611
כָּלֵב (ka.lev) — Caleb.
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness and Israel before the Monarchy, first mentioned at Num.13.6;
son of: Jephunneh (H3312);
brother of: Kenaz (H7073I);
father of: Achsah (H5915), Iru (H5900), Elah (H0425J), Naam (H5277)
Also named: ka.lib.bo (כָּלִבִּי "Calebite" H3614)
§ Caleb = "dog"
1) the godly son of Jephunneh and the faithful spy who reported the Promised Land favourably and urged its capture
2) son of Hezron and grandson of Pharez and great grandson of Judah and the father of Hur and grandfather of Caleb the spy
כָּלֵב (ka.lev) — Caleb.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at 1Ch.2.9;
son of: Hezron (H2696H);
brother of: Ram (H7410), Jerahmeel (H3396), Segub (H7687H) and Ashhur (H0806); married to Azubah (H5806H), Jerioth (H3408), Ephrathah (H0672), Ephah (H5891H) and Maacah…
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
ka'-leb (kalebh; in the light of the cognate Syriac and Arabic words, the meaning is not "dog," which is kelebh, in Hebrew, but "raging with canine madness"; Chaleb): As a person, Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, occurs in the story of the spies (Nu 13 ff). He represents the tribe of Judah as its prince (Nu 13:6; compare Nu 13:2). While the majority of the men sent out by Moses bring back evil report, Caleb and Hoshea, or Joshua, the son of Nun, are the only ones to counsel the invasion of the promised land (Nu 13:30; 14:6 ff). Accordingly, these two alone are permitted to survive (Nu 14:38; 32:12). Upon the conquest and distribution of the land by Joshua, Caleb reminds the…
Caleb
A dog. (1.) One of the three sons of Hezron of the tribe of Judah. He is also called Chelubai (1 Chr. 2:9). His descendants are enumerated (18-20, 42-49).
(2.) A “son of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah” (1 Chr. 2:50). Some would read the whole passage thus: “These [i.e., the list in ver. 42-49] were the sons of Caleb. The sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah, were Shobal, etc.” Thus Hur would be the name of the son and not the father of Caleb (ver. 19).
(3.) The son of Jephunneh (Num. 13:6; 32:12; Josh. 14:6, 14). He was one of those whom Moses sent to search the land in the second year after the Exodus. He was one of the family chiefs of the tribe of Judah. He…
(capable). According to (1 Chronicles 2:9,18,19,42,50) the son of Hezron the son of Pharez the son of Judah, and the father of Hur, and consequently grandfather of Caleb the spy. (B.C. about 1600.) Son of Jephunneh, one of the twelve spies sent by Moses to Canaan. (Numbers 13:6) (B.C. 1490.) He and Oshea or Joshua the son of Nun were the only two of the whole number who encouraged the people to enter in boldly to the land and take possession of it. Fortyfive years afterwards Caleb came to Joshua and claimed possession of the land of the Anakim, Kirjath-arba or Hebron, and the neighboring hill country. Josh 14. This was immediately granted to him, and the following chapter relates how he took possession of Hebron, driving out the three sons of Anak; and how he offered Achsah his…
1. Son of Jephunneh, of the tribe of Judah, who was sent, with one man from each of the other tribes, to search out the promised land, Nu 13:1-14:45. Of all the twelve, Caleb and Joshua acted the part of true and faithful men; and they only, of all the grown men of Israel, were permitted to enter Canaan, Nu 14:6-24,38 26:65. He was one of the princes appointed to divide the conquered territory among the tribes, Nu 34:19. Hebron was given to him as a reward of his fidelity, according to the promise of God, De 1:36 Jos 14:1-15. Though eighty-five years old, he still retained his vigor, and soon drove out the Anakim from…
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
DirObjM — ParticleHTo
The Hebrew word שָׁלֹשׁ (*shalosh*) means 'three' or 'triad.' It can also refer to the ordinal 'third' and is used in various contexts, including multiplication as 'thrice.' The entries consistently define it as a primitive number without significant disagreement.
שָׁלֹשׁ, שָׁלוֹשׁ, שְׁלֹשָׁה 430 n.m. et f. a three, triad
base
H7969 שָׁלֹשׁ, שָׁלוֹשׁ, שְׁלֹשָׁה a three, triad
7969 shalowsh shaw-loshe'
or shalosh {shaw-loshe'}; masculine shlowshah {shel-o-shaw'};
or shloshah {shel-o-shaw'}; a primitive number; three;
occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multipl.) thrice:--+ fork,
+ often(-times), third, thir(-teen, -teenth), three, + thrice.
Compare 7991.
see HEBREW for 07991
שָׁלֹשׁ (sha.losh) — three.
1) three, triad
1a) 3, 300, third
Aramaic equivalent: te.lat (תְּלָת "three" H8532)
Adj — AdjHAcbsa
(shalosh; treis).
See NUMBER.
The phrase "three days and three nights," Mt 12:40, was equivalent in Hebrew to the English "three days;" the Jews employing the expression "a day and a night" to denote our "day" of twentyfour hours. Nor did "three days," 1Sa 30:13, literally "this third day," according to their usage, necessarily include the whole of three days, but a part of three days, a continuous period including one whole day of twenty-four hours, and a portion of the day preceding it and the day following it. Compare Ge 7:12,17 1Sa 30:12-13.
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
See SON, SONS.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עֲנָק (Anaq) refers to a Canaanite figure known as Anak, who is associated with a family of giants called the Anakim. The term is linked to the concept of 'neck,' suggesting tall stature. Anak is mentioned in several passages, including Numbers 13:22, and is noted for being the father of notable figures like Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai.
עֲנָק n.[m.] neck, only in epith.gent. long-necked (tall) men, early giant people about Hebron and in Philistia
base
H6061 עֲנָק, עֲנָקִי, עָנָק
6061 `Anaq aw-nawk'
the same as 6060; Anak, a Canaanite:--Anak.
see HEBREW for 06060
עֲנָק (a.naq) — Anak.
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.13.22;
father of: Ahiman (H0289), Sheshai (H8344) and Talmai (H8526); also called Anakim at Deu.1.28; 2.10,11,21; 9.2; 1x,22; 14.12,15;
Also named: a.na.qi (עֲנָקִי "Anakim" H6062)
§ Anak = "neck"
progenitor of a family, or tribe of the giant people in Canaan
Art | N-proper — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
an'-nak. See ANAKIM.
Anak
Long-necked, the son of Arba, father of the Anakim (Josh. 15:13; 21:11, Heb. Anok).
a collar; ornament
→ Father of three giants Jos 15:13,14; 21:11
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
שֵׁשַׁי (Sheshay) is a proper name referring to a Canaanite man, specifically a son of Anak, who is associated with giants in the land of Canaan. The name is linked to the idea of nobility. He is mentioned in Numbers 13:22, alongside his brothers Ahiman and Talmai.
שֵׁשַׁי n.pr.m. a son of Anaḳ
base
H8344 שֵׁשַׁי
8344 Sheshay shay-shah'-ee
probably for 8343; Sheshai, a Canaanite:--Sheshai.
see HEBREW for 08343
שֵׁשַׁי (she.shay) — Sheshai.
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.13.22;
son of: Anak (H6061);
brother of: Ahiman (H0289) and Talmai (H8526)
§ Sheshai = "noble"
son of Anak, one of the giants in the land of Canaan
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
she'-shi (sheshay): One of the sons of Anak, perhaps an old Hebronite clan name. (Sayce combines the name with Sasu, the root sh-c-h, the Egyptian name for the Syrian Bedouins.) The clan lived in Hebron at the time of the conquest and was expelled by Caleb (Nu 13:22, Codex Vaticanus Sessei; Codex Alexandrinus Semei; Jos 15:14, Codex Vaticanus Sousei; Codex Alexandrinus Sousai; Jud 1:10, Codex Vaticanus Sessei; Codex Alexandrinus Geththi).
Sheshai
Whitish, one of the sons of Anak (Num. 13:22). When the Israelites obtained possession of the country the sons of Anak were expelled and slain (Josh. 15:14; Judg. 1:10).
(noble), one of the three sons of Anak who dwelt in Hebron. (Numbers 13:22) (B.C. 1445.)
six; mercy; flax
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
אֲחִימַן (Achiyman) means 'my brother is a gift.' It refers to a figure from the Old Testament, specifically a son of Anak and a Levite servant in the temple. The name is built from the Hebrew words for 'brother' and 'gift.' It appears in Numbers 13:22 and 1 Chronicles 9:17.
אֲחִימַן n.pr.m. (my brother is a gift ?)
son of Anak
a Levite
base
H289 אֲחִימַן
289 'Achiyman akh-ee-man'
or mAchiyman {akh-ee-mawn'}; from 251 and 4480; brother of a
portion (i.e. gift); Achiman, the name of an Anakite and of an
Israelite:--Ahiman.
see HEBREW for 0251
see HEBREW for 04480
אֲחִימַן (a.chi.man) — Ahiman.
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.13.22;
son of: Anak (H6061);
brother of: Sheshai (H8344) and Talmai (H8526)
§ Ahiman = "my brother is a gift"
1) a son of Anak
2) a Levite servant in the temple
אֲחִימַן (a.chi.man) — Ahiman.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at 1Ch.9.17
§ Ahiman = "my brother is a gift"
1) a son of Anak
2) a Levite servant in the temple
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
a-hi'-man ('achiman, perhaps, "brother of fortune," or, "my brother is fortune"):
(1) One of the names given as those of the three "children of the Anak" (Nu 13:22; Jos 15:14; Nu 13:28; 2Sa 21:16,18), or the three "sons of the Anak" (Jos 15:14; Jud 1:20). The three names (Ahiman, Sheshai, Talmai) also occur together in Jud 1:10. The word Anak in the Hebrew Bible has the definite article except in Nu 13:33 and
Ahiman
Brother of a gift = liberal. (1.) One of the three giant Anakim brothers whom Caleb and the spies saw in Mount Hebron (Num. 13:22) when they went in to explore the land. They were afterwards driven out and slain (Josh. 15:14; Judg. 1:10).
(2.) One of the guardians of the temple after the Exile (1 Chr. 9:17).
(brother of the right hand). One of the three giant Anakim who inhabited Mount Hebron, (Numbers 13:22,23) seen by Caleb and the spies. (B.C. 1490.) The whole race was cut off by Joshua, (Joshua 11:21) and the three brothers were slain by the tribe of Judah. (Judges 1:10) A Levite porter. (1 Chronicles 9:17)
brother of the right hand
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
תַּלְמַי (talmai) refers to a name meaning 'furrowed.' It identifies two figures: a son of Anak, one of the giants slain by Judah's men, and a king of Geshur, father of Maacah, who was David's wife. The name appears in Numbers 13:22 and 2 Samuel 3:3.
תַּלְמַי n.pr.m.
king of Geshur, father-in-law of David
a son of Anaḳ
base
H8526 תַּלְמַי
8526 Talmay tal-mah'-ee
from 8525; ridged; Talmai, the name of a Canaanite and a
Syrian:--Talmai.
see HEBREW for 08525
תַּלְמַי (tal.may) — Talmai.
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.13.22;
son of: Anak (H6061);
brother of: Ahiman (H0289) and Sheshai (H8344)
§ Talmai = "furrowed"
1) one of the 3 sons of the giant Anak who were slain by the men of Judah
2) son of Ammihud, king of Geshur, later king of Geshur himself, and father of Maacah, the mother of Absalom and wife of David
תַּלְמַי (tal.may) — Talmai.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.3.3;
son of: Ammihud (H5989J);
father of: Maacah (H4601I)
§ Talmai = "furrowed"
1) one of the 3 sons of the giant Anak who were slain by the men of Judah
2) son of Ammihud, king of Geshur, later king of Geshur himself, and father of Maacah, the mother of Absalom and wife of David
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
(1) A clan, possibly of Aramean origin, generally reputed to be of gigantic height; resident in Hebron at the time of the Hebrew conquest and driven thence by Caleb (Nu 13:22; Jos 15:14; Jud 1:10).
(2) A son of Ammihur (or Ammihud), king of Geshur, a small Aramean kingdom, and a contemporary of David, to whom he gave his daughter Maacah in marriage. When Absalom fled from David after the assassination of Amnon he took refuge with Talmai at Geshur (2Sa 3:3; 13:37; 1Ch 3:2).
Talmai
Abounding in furrows. (1.) One of the Anakim of Hebron, who were slain by the men of Judah under Caleb (Num. 13:22; Josh. 15:14; Judg. 1:10).
(2.) A king of Geshur, to whom Absalom fled after he had put Amnon to death (2 Sam. 3:3; 13:37). His daughter, Maachah, was one of David’s wives, and the mother of Absalom (1 Chr. 3:2).
(bold). One of the three sons of "the Anak" who were slain by the men of Judah. (Numbers 13:22; Joshua 15:14; Judges 1:10) (B.C. 1450.) Son of Ammihud king of Geshur. (2 Samuel 3:3; 13:37; 1 Chronicles 3:2) He was probably a petty chieftain, dependent on David. (B.C. 1040.)
King of Geshur, on the borders of Palestine and Syria. David married Maacha his daughter, the mother of Tamar and Absalom. The latter avenged the wrongs of his sister Tamar by the murder of Amnon, and then took refuge at the court of his grandfather, where he remained three years, 2Sa 3:3,13,14.
יָלִיד (yaliyd) means 'born' and is derived from the root word for 'to bear' or 'to bring forth.' It generally refers to someone who is born, such as a child or son. The entries consistently emphasize this meaning without notable disagreement.
[יָלִיד] adj. born
base
H3211 יָלִיד born
3211 yaliyd yaw-leed'
from 3205; born:--((home-))born, child, son.
see HEBREW for 03205
יָלִיד (ya.lid) — born.
born
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עֲנָק (Anaq) refers to a Canaanite figure known as Anak, who is associated with a family of giants called the Anakim. The term is linked to the concept of 'neck,' suggesting tall stature. Anak is mentioned in several passages, including Numbers 13:22, and is noted for being the father of notable figures like Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai.
עֲנָק n.[m.] neck, only in epith.gent. long-necked (tall) men, early giant people about Hebron and in Philistia
base
H6061 עֲנָק, עֲנָקִי, עָנָק
6061 `Anaq aw-nawk'
the same as 6060; Anak, a Canaanite:--Anak.
see HEBREW for 06060
עֲנָק (a.naq) — Anak.
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.13.22;
father of: Ahiman (H0289), Sheshai (H8344) and Talmai (H8526); also called Anakim at Deu.1.28; 2.10,11,21; 9.2; 1x,22; 14.12,15;
Also named: a.na.qi (עֲנָקִי "Anakim" H6062)
§ Anak = "neck"
progenitor of a family, or tribe of the giant people in Canaan
Art | N-proper — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
an'-nak. See ANAKIM.
Anak
Long-necked, the son of Arba, father of the Anakim (Josh. 15:13; 21:11, Heb. Anok).
a collar; ornament
→ Father of three giants Jos 15:13,14; 21:11