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Lamentations 3:40 — Word Study

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WLCנַחְפְּשָׂ֤ה דְרָכֵ֙ינוּ֙ וְֽנַחְקֹ֔רָה וְנָשׁ֖וּבָה עַד־ יְהוָֽה׃

BSALet us examinechâphas [search and try, examine carefully] and testchâqar our waysderek [paths, manner of life] and turn backshûwb [turn again, return to] toʻad the LORDYᵉhôvâh [Yehovah, The covenant Name of God, turning back to, coming back to]

Word
Listen & take awayLamentations 3
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 40 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (Yah.weh) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Lamentations 3:40quick helps
In a sentenceThe speaker calls for self-examination and a return to the Lord.
Who is speakingThe community, as indicated by the first-person plural verbs.
Where we areIn a lament, reflecting on sin and the need for repentance.
The hard wordנַחְפְּשָׂ֤ה
Take awayThe call to examine oneself precedes the return to God.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbחָפַשׂ The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Lamentations 3:40

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Call to Repentance in Lamentationsgenerated

39Why should any mortal man complain, in view of his sins?
40Let us examine and test our ways, and turn back to the LORD.
41Let us lift up our hearts and hands to God in heaven:
42“We have sinned and rebelled; You have not forgiven.”

Lamentations 3:40 urges the people to reflect on their actions and return to the Lord. This verse is part of a larger lament that acknowledges sin and the need for divine mercy, echoing themes found in other parts of Scripture that emphasize repentance and restoration, such as in Jeremiah 3:12-14 and Psalm 51:10.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
11 Chronicles 15:12–13And he said to them, “You are the heads of the Levitical families. You and your relatives must consecrate yourselves so that you may bring the ark of the LORD, the God of Israel, to the place I have prepared for it.
2Job 11:13–15As for you, if you direct your heart and lift up your hands to Him,
3Job 34:31–32Suppose someone says to God, ‘I have endured my punishment; I will offend no more.
4Psalm 4:4Be angry, yet do not sin; on your bed, search your heart and be still. Selah
5Psalm 119:59I considered my ways and turned my steps to Your testimonies.

The Key Word נַחְפְּשָׂ֤ה, nach.pe.Sahgenerated

The verb חָפַשׂ (chaphas) is a Qal infinitive construct meaning 'to search' or 'to examine'. It conveys the idea of looking closely for something, which in this context refers to examining one's own ways.

This word is used in a communal sense, indicating a collective responsibility to scrutinize their paths and actions. It is a call to introspection, urging the community to seek out the truth about their lives.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses examine and test for the Hebrew verbs.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The structure of the verse centers around three finite verbs: נַחְפְּשָׂ֤ה, וְנַחְקֹ֔רָה, and וְנָשׁ֖וּבָה, which translate to 'let us examine', 'and let us examine', and 'and let us return'. Each verb represents a call to action, with the conjunctions linking them.

The order emphasizes the progression from self-examination to the act of returning to the Lord, highlighting the importance of reflection before repentance.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates נַחְפְּשָׂ֤ה as ἐχηρευνήθη, which suggests a thorough investigation. This choice indicates a similar emphasis on the depth of examination required.

The Greek word for 'return' in the Septuagint, ἐπιστρέψωμεν, aligns with the Hebrew's call for repentance, reinforcing the idea of turning back to God.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Lamentations 3:40 encourages us to look closely at our actions and return to the Lord. It calls for a communal examination of our lives, emphasizing the need for repentance and a return to God.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean to examine our ways?

To examine our ways means to reflect on our actions, choices, and moral paths, assessing whether they align with God's will.

Why is turning back to the Lord important?

Turning back to the Lord signifies repentance and a desire to restore our relationship with God, acknowledging our need for His mercy.

How can we practically examine our ways?

We can examine our ways through prayer, reflection on Scripture, and seeking accountability from others in our faith community.

What does the Lord expect from us after we examine our ways?

The Lord expects us to repent and turn back to Him, seeking His guidance and forgiveness as we strive to live according to His will.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What specific areas of my life do I need to examine more closely?
  2. How can I encourage others in my community to reflect on their paths and return to the Lord?
  3. What steps can I take to ensure I am living in alignment with God's ways?
  4. In what ways can I seek God's guidance as I examine my life?

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Lamentations 3:40 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Let us search and try our ways,.... stead of murmuring and complaining, let us search for something that may support and comfort, teach and instruct, under afflictive providences; let us search into

Read John Gill on Lamentations 3 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Let us search and try our ways, and turn again to the LORD. Let us - Jeremiah and his fellow-countrymen in their calamity.

Read Robert Jamieson on Lamentations 3 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Seeing God doth not grieve us willingly, nor delight to crush us, though we be his prisoners, and seeing the hand of God is in these things upon us, and that justly, to recompense our iniquities into our bosoms, instead of mourning and fretting against God, which is not reasonable, nor will be of any profit to us, let us examine our thoughts, words, and actions, and consider what they have been, and reform, and turn again to the Lord, by apostatizing from whom we have brought these evils upon us.

Read Matthew Poole on Lamentations 3 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Lamentations 3:40 Let us search and try our ways, and turn again to the LORD.Ver. 40. Let us search and try our ways,] i.e., Make accurate inquiry into them; so shall we soon find ourselves to be a whole newly found world of wickedness. Search we therefore, and do it thoroughly. Many either search not at all (they cannot endure these domestic audits: it is death to them to reflect and recognise what they have done), or as though they desired not to find. They search as men do for their bad money; they know they have it, but they would gladly have it to pass for current among the rest. Heathens will rise up in judgment against such, for they prescribed and practised self-examination…

Read John Trapp on Lamentations 3 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(40) Let us search . . .—Warnings against murmurs are followed by counsels which point to a more excellent way. Suffering calls a man to self-scrutiny. We should seek to know the sins which it is meant to punish and correct.To the Lord.—The preposition is an emphatic one: even to the Lord. There is to be no halting half-way in the work of conversion.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Lamentations 3 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 40. Let us search] How are we to get the pardon of our sins? The prophet tells us: 1. Let us examine ourselves. 2. "Let us turn again to the Lord." 3. "Let us lift up our heart;" let us make fervent prayer and supplication for mercy. 4. "Let us lift up our hand;" let us solemnly promise to be his, and bind ourselves in a covenant to be the Lord's only: so much lifting up the hand to God implies. Or, let us put our heart on our hand, and offer it to God; so some have translated this clause. 5. "We have transgressed;" let our confession of sin be fervent and sincere. 6. And to us who profess Christianity it may be added, Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ as having died for thee; and thou…

Read AdamClarke on Lamentations 3 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

The prophet urges men to search out their faults and amend them. Lamentations 3:40 And turn again to the Lord - Or, “and return to Yahweh.” The prep. (to) in the Hebrew implies not half way, but the whole.

Read Albert Barnes on Lamentations 3 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

OF SIN, AND OVER THE EVIL WHICH HAS COME, Lamentations 3:40-66. 40.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Lamentations 3 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Let us examine and test our ways, and turn back to the LORD.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Let us search and try our ways, and turn again to Yahweh.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Let us examine and test our ways, and turn back to the LORD.

NETBNew English Translation2006

Let us carefully examine our ways, and let us return to the Lord.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Let us search and try our ways, and turn again to the LORD.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Let us search and try our ways, and turn again to Jehovah.

RVARevised Version, American1894

Let us search and try our ways, and turn again to the LORD.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Let us search and try our ways, and turn again to the LORD.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Let vs search and try our wayes, and turne againe to the Lord.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Let us search and try our ways, and turn again to Jehovah.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

We search our ways, and investigate, And turn back unto Jehovah.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

We search our ways, and investigate, || And turn back to YHWH.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Let us search through and investigate our ways, and let us return to the Lord.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Let us examine our ways and test them, and let us return to Yahweh.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Nun. Let us search our ways, and seek, and return to the Lord.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

We should look at ourselves, examine what we're doing, and return to the Lord.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Let us make search and put our ways to the test, turning again to the Lord;

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseverbנַחְפְּשָׂ֤הlet.us.examinenoun phrase · objectדְרָכֵ֨יwaysנוּ֙ourוְֽandclauseverbנַחְקֹ֔רָהlet.us.examineוְandclauseverbנָשׁ֖וּבָהlet.us.returnprepositional phrase · prepositionalעַדtoיְהוָֽהYahweh

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely in their wording. The Septuagint matches the Hebrew word-for-word, confirming the intent and meaning of the original text.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

נַחְפְּשָׂ֤ה דְרָכֵ֙ינוּ֙ וְֽנַחְקֹ֔רָה וְנָשׁ֖וּבָה עַד־ יְהוָֽה׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
נַחְפְּשָׂ֤הἐχηρευνήθηדְרָכֵ֙ינוּ֙ἡμῶνוְֽנַחְקֹ֔רָהἠτάσθηוְנָשׁ֖וּבָהἐπιστρέψωμενעַד־ἕωςיְהוָֽה׃κυρίου

6 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Lamentations 3:40חָפַשׂlet us examlet us examineחָפַשׂדֶּ֫רֶךְways ourways ourדֶּ֫רֶךְחָקַרand let us and let us examחָקַרשׁוּבand let us and let us retuשׁוּבעַדtotoעַדיהוהYahwehYahwehיהוהדָּרַךְto treadto treadדָּרַךְהָיָהto beto beהָיָהעַדperpetuityperpetuityעַדלָבֵשׁto clotheto clotheלָבֵשׁיְהוֹשָׁפָטJehoshaphaJehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָטפָּנָהCorner (GaCorner (Gate)פָּנָהצָפוֹןZaphonZaphonצָפוֹןרָגַלto spyto spyרָגַלמִשְׁקָלweightweightמִשְׁקָלשְׁבִיתcaptivitycaptivityשְׁבִיתחָרוֹןburning anburning angerחָרוֹןמָתַיhowhowמָתַיעֶ֫רֶבeveningeveningעֶ֫רֶבנְאֻםutteranceutteranceנְאֻםצָבָאarmyarmyצָבָא
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Lamentations 3:40

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

let us examine ways our and let us examine and let us return to Yahweh
נַחְפְּשָׂ֤הnach.pe.Sah let us examine H2664 Verb · Qal · infinitive construct first person common plural
23× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for search means to look for something or someone, and can also mean to disguise oneself or hide. It is used in various forms throughout the Bible, such as in Psalm 119:2, where it means to seek God's commands.
Amplified meaning
search and try, examine carefully
Tyndale gloss
to search
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חָפַשׂ (chaphas) is a Hebrew verb meaning to search or seek out. It can also imply disguising oneself or being searched for. The word has various forms, including Qal (to search), Niphal (to be searched out), and Hithpael (to disguise oneself). It encompasses a range of meanings related to searching, testing, and exposure.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[חָפַשׂ] vb. search

Qal search, search out

search for

= think out, devise

search = test

Niph. searched out = exposed and plundered

Pi.

search through

search for

Pu. be searched for = be hidden

Hithp. disguise oneself (lit. let oneself be searched for)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2664 [חָפַשׂ] search

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2664 chaphas khaw-fas'

a primitive root; to seek; causatively, to conceal oneself

(i.e. let be sought), or mask:--change, (make) diligent

(search), disquise self, hide, search (for, out).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָפַשׂ (cha.pha.s) — to search.

1) to search, search for, to search out, disguise oneself

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to search for

1a2) to think out, devise

1a3) to search, test

1b) (Niphal) to be searched out, be exposed

1c) (Piel) to search, search through, search for

1d) (Pual) to be searched for, be sought out

1e) (Hithpael)

1e1) to disguise oneself

1e2) to let oneself be searched for

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-1cp — Verb · Qal · infinitive construct first person common plural
HVqc1cp
let us examine ways our and let us examine and let us return to Yahweh
דְרָכֵ֙ינוּ֙de.ra.Khei.nu ways our H1870 Noun common both plural construct · suffix
708× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Derek refers to a road or path, and can also mean a way of life or manner of action. It is often used to describe a journey or direction, and can be used figuratively to describe a person's character or moral path.
Amplified meaning
paths, manner of life
Tyndale gloss
way: road
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

דֶּ֫רֶךְ (derek) means way, road, or journey, and can refer to both literal paths and figurative courses of life or actions. It encompasses various aspects such as direction, manner, and moral character, often highlighting the nature of one's conduct. The term is used in both positive and negative contexts, reflecting the moral implications of one's path.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

דֶּ֫רֶךְ 715 n.m. way, road, distance, journey, manner

way, road, path

journey

of direction, almost or quite = toward

way, manner

fig. of course of life, or action, undertakings

of moral action and character

of duty

specif.: in good sense

oftener in bad sense

way of י׳

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1870 דֶּ֫רֶךְ way, road, distance, journey, manner . way, road, path

. journey

. of direction, almost or quite = toward

. way, manner

. fig. of course of life, or action, undertakings

. . of moral action and character

. of duty

. specif.: in good sense

. oftener in bad sense

. way of י׳

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1870 derek deh'-rek

from 1869; a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of

life or mode of action, often adverb:--along, away, because

of, + by, conversation, custom, (east-)ward, journey, manner,

passenger, through, toward, (high-) (path-)way(-side),

whither(-soever).

see HEBREW for 01869

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: conduct.

: conduct/lifestyle

1) way, road, distance, journey, manner

1a) road, way, path

1b) journey

1c) direction

1d) manner, habit, way

1e) of course of life (fig.)

1f) of moral character (fig.)

דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — Way.

This name means way, road

דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — (King's) Highway.

This name means way, road

Combined with me.lekh (מֶ֫לֶךְ "King's" H4428I)

דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: direction.

: direction

1) way, road, distance, journey, manner

1a) road, way, path

1b) journey

1c) direction

1d) manner, habit, way

1e) of course of life (fig.)

1f) of moral character (fig.)

דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: road.

: road/route

1) way, road, distance, journey, manner

1a) road, way, path

1b) journey

1c) direction

1d) manner, habit, way

1e) of course of life (fig.)

1f) of moral character (fig.)

דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: journey.

: journey

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-cp | Suff — Noun common both plural construct · suffix
HNcbpc/Sp1bp
let us examine ways our and let us examine and let us return to Yahweh
וְֽנַחְקֹ֔רָהve.nach.Ko.rah and let us examine H2713 Conjunction · verb qal infinitive construct first person common plural
27× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to search or examine something closely, like trying to find out the truth. It is used in the Bible to describe seeking out knowledge or wisdom, and is often translated as search or seek out.
Tyndale gloss
to search
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חָקַר (chaqar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to search or examine. It encompasses actions like searching for, exploring, and thoroughly investigating. The word can also imply being found out or ascertained. It appears in various forms, including Qal, Niphal, and Piel, indicating different nuances of searching and examination.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[חָקַר] vb. search

Qal

search (for)

search through, explore

search a man, find out his sentiments

of י׳ searching man

of examining thoroughly

Niph. be searched out, found out, ascertained

Pi. he sought out many proverbs

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2713 [חָקַר] search .. search (for)

. . search through, explore

. search a man, find out his sentiments

. of י׳ searching man

. of examining thoroughly

. be searched out, found out, ascertained

. he sought out many proverbs

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2713 chaqar khaw-kar'

a primitive root; properly, to penetrate; hence, to examine

intimately:--find out, (make) search (out), seek (out), sound,

try.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָקַר (cha.qar) — to search.

1) to search, search for, search out, examine, investigate

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to search (for)

1a2) to search through, explore

1a3) to examine thoroughly

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be searched out, be found out, be ascertained, be examined

1c) (Piel) to search out, seek out

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-1cp — Conjunction · verb qal infinitive construct first person common plural
HC/Vqc1cp
let us examine ways our and let us examine and let us return to Yahweh
וְנָשׁ֖וּבָהve.na.Shu.vah and let us return H7725 Conjunction · verb qal infinitive construct first person common plural
1,057× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to return or turn back, and can be used literally or figuratively. It is often used to describe someone returning to God or repenting from sin, as seen in the book of Psalms and the prophets.
Amplified meaning
turn again, return to
Tyndale gloss
to return: return
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word שׁוּב (shuwb) means to turn back or return, covering a wide range of contexts including physical, spiritual, and relational. It can denote returning to a previous state, repenting, or even apostatizing. The entries describe various forms and uses, including bringing back, restoring, and refreshing. Notably, it can also imply a change in course of action.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שׁוּב 1056 vb. turn back, return

Qal 683;—turn back, return:

turn back

return, come or go back

esp. return unto

of dying

of revival from death

fig. of human relations:

return to leader, king

= change so as to appoach (in purpose, desire)

turn, i.e. resort to

return to a physical condition

abs. = change course of action

fig., specif. of spiritual relations:

turn back from God = apostatize

of י׳, turn away

turn back to God (= seek penitently)

abs. repent

turn back from evil

of י׳

of י׳, return (to shew favour)

of inanimate things (sts. personified, or treated as things of life):

denoting repetition, etc.

trans.

Pō‛l.

bring back

fig. restore, refresh

restore, repair

lead away (enticingly)

shew turning = apostatize

Hiph. 353 cause to return, bring back

bring back into bondage

put back

= draw back

= give back, restore

= relinguish

= give in payment, requital

bring one back (from dead)

bring back heart

= refresh

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7725 שׁוּב turn back, return .—turn back, return: . turn back

. return, come or go back

. esp. return unto

. . of dying

. of revival from death

. fig. of human relations: . return to leader, king

. = change so as to appoach (in purpose, desire)

. turn, i.e. resort to

. return to a physical condition

. abs. = change course of action

. fig., specif. of spiritual relations: . turn back from God = apostatize

. of י׳, turn away

. turn back to God (= seek penitently)

. abs. repent

. turn back from evil

. of י׳

. of י׳, return (to shew favour)

. of inanimate things (sts. personified, or treated as things of life):

. denoting repetition, etc.

. trans.

. . bring back

. . fig. restore, refresh

. restore, repair

. lead away (enticingly)

. shew turning = apostatize

. cause to return, bring back . . bring back into bondage

. put back

. = draw back

. = give back, restore

. = relinguish

. = give in payment, requital

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Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7725 shuwb shoob

a primitive root; to turn back (hence, away) transitively or

intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily

with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to

retreat; often adverbial, again:--((break, build, circumcise,

dig, do anything, do evil, feed, lay down, lie down, lodge,

make, rejoice, send, take, weep)) X again, (cause to) answer

(+ again), X in any case (wise), X at all, averse, bring

(again, back, home again), call (to mind), carry again (back),

cease, X certainly, come again (back), X consider, +

continually, convert, deliver (again), + deny, draw back,

fetch home again, X fro, get (oneself) (back) again, X give

(again), go again (back, home), (go) out, hinder, let, (see)

more, X needs, be past, X pay, pervert, pull in again, put

(again, up again), recall, recompense, recover, refresh,

relieve, render (again), requite, rescue, restore, retrieve,

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Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שׁוּב (shuv) — to return: return.

: return

1) to return, turn back

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to turn back, return

1a1a) to turn back

1a1b) to return, come or go back

1a1c) to return unto, go back, come back

1a1d) of dying

1a1e) of human relations (fig)

1a1f) of spiritual relations (fig)

1a1f1) to turn back (from God), apostatise

1a1f2) to turn away (of God)

1a1f3) to turn back (to God), repent

1a1f4) turn back (from evil)

1a1g) of inanimate things

1a1h) in repetition

1b) (Polel)

1b1) to bring back

1b2) to restore, refresh, repair (fig)

1b3) to lead away (enticingly)

1b4) to show turning, apostatise

1c) (Pual) restored (participle)

1d) (Hiphil) to cause to return, bring back

1d1) to bring back, allow to return, put back, draw back, give back, restore, relinquish, give in payment

1d2) to bring back, refresh, restore

1d3) to bring back, report to, answer

1d4) to bring back, make requital, pay (as recompense)

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Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-1cp — Conjunction · verb qal infinitive construct first person common plural
HC/Vqc1cp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
let us examine ways our and let us examine and let us return to Yahweh
עַד־'ad- to H5704 Preposition
1,261× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means until or as far as, describing a point in time or space. It's used in the Bible to set boundaries or limits, like in Exodus when describing the Israelites' journey.
Tyndale gloss
till
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עַד (ad) primarily functions as a preposition, adverb, or conjunction meaning 'until,' 'up to,' or 'as far as.' It can denote spatial, temporal, or degree-related contexts, such as 'even to' or 'while.' The entries indicate its use in poetry and in various combinations, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי prep. as far as, even to, up to, until, while

prep.

of space

Of time

Of degree

conj.

until

While

Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)

עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus

of space

Of time

Of degree

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5704 עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי as far as, even to, up to, until, while . prep. . of space

. Of time

. Of degree

. conj. . until

. While

. Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)

. עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus . of space

. Of time

. Of degree

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5704 `ad ad

properly, the same as 5703 (used as a preposition, adverb or

conjunction; especially with a preposition); as far (or long,

or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during,

while, until) or degree (equally with):--against, and, as,

at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as),

(hither-)to, + how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that,

till, toward, until, when, while, (+ as) yet.

see HEBREW for 05703

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַד (ad) — till.

prep

1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as

1a) of space

1a1) as far as, up to, even to

1b) in combination

1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from)

1c) of time

1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end

1d) of degree

1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like

conj

2) until, while, to the point that, so that even

Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
let us examine ways our and let us examine and let us return to Yahweh
יְהוָֽה׃Yah.weh Yahweh H3068 Noun proper
6,528× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Yehovah is another name for God, often translated as 'the Lord'. It is a national name for God in the Jewish faith. This name is used throughout the Old Testament.
Amplified meaning
Yehovah, The covenant Name of God, turning back to, coming back to
Tyndale gloss
The Lord
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)

יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb

יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D

the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy

יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'

from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish

national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.

see HEBREW for 01961

see HEBREW for 03050

see HEBREW for 03069

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.

Jehovah = "the existing One"

1) the proper name of the one true God

1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.

Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.

Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpt
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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