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Leviticus 13:19 — Word Study

Depth

WLCוְהָיָ֞ה בִּמְק֤וֹם הַשְּׁחִין֙ שְׂאֵ֣ת לְבָנָ֔ה א֥וֹ בַהֶ֖רֶת לְבָנָ֣ה אֲדַמְדָּ֑מֶת וְנִרְאָ֖ה אֶל־ הַכֹּהֵֽן׃

BSAand a whitelâbân [or bright, shining] swellingsᵉʼêth [elevation, a raised area] orʼôw a reddish-whitelâbân [somewhat reddish, having a reddish tint] spotbôhereth [bright spot, a shiny mark] developshâyâh [appears, comes into being] wheremâqôwm the boil wasshᵉchîyn [inflamed spot, ulcer] he must present himselfrâʼâh [show, bring] toʼêl the priestkôhên [spiritual leader, one who serves God]

Word
Listen & take awayLeviticus 13
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 19 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ha.ko.Hen) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Leviticus 13:19quick helps
In a sentenceThe text describes a condition that develops after a boil, requiring a presentation to the priest.
Who is speakingThe speaker is a priest or authority figure outlining the procedure for skin conditions.
Where we areThis verse is part of the laws regarding skin diseases in Leviticus.
The hard wordשְׂאֵ֣ת
Take awayThe appearance of a new condition prompts a necessary examination by a priest.
6 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Ellicott & more — read them › clause verbהָיָה The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Leviticus 13:19

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Laws Concerning Skin Diseasesgenerated

18When a boil appears on someone’s skin and it heals,
19and a white swelling or a reddish-white spot develops where the boil was, he must present himself to the priest.
20The priest shall examine it, and if it appears to be beneath the skin and the hair in it has turned white, the priest shall pronounce him unclean; it is a diseased infection that has broken out in the boil.
21But when the priest examines it, if there is no white hair in it, and it is not beneath the skin and has faded, the priest shall isolate him for seven days.

Leviticus 13:19 describes the appearance of a white swelling or reddish-white spot that develops after a boil has healed. This condition requires the individual to present themselves to the priest for examination. This procedure is part of the broader regulations concerning skin diseases, which aim to maintain purity within the community, as outlined in the chapters of Leviticus dedicated to health and cleanliness.


Cross References


The Key Word שְׂאֵ֣ת, se.'Etgenerated

The noun שְׂאֵ֣ת (s'eth) refers to a swelling or elevation, derived from a root that means to rise up. It can denote both physical elevations, such as those found on the skin, and metaphorical elevations, such as dignity or status.

In this verse, it specifically describes a physical condition that arises in the context of skin diseases, indicating a raised area that requires examination by a priest. The parsing as a feminine singular noun suggests it is treated as a specific entity in the context of the law.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against. The BSB has swelling, a term that aligns with the KJV and ASV, which also use swelling for שְׂאֵ֣ת.

Where others part company with the BSB they part company over לְבָנָ֣ה — the KJV and GNV choose somewhat reddish, while the BSB and others opt for white, reflecting a difference in interpretation of the color description.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb הָיָ֞ה (ve.ha.Yah) governs the clause, indicating the development of a condition. The structure includes a prepositional phrase indicating location, followed by a noun phrase detailing the specific condition and concluding with the action of presenting oneself to the priest.

The sentence's order emphasizes the condition's emergence and the necessary response, reflecting the procedural nature of the laws regarding skin diseases.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates שְׂאֵ֣ת as οὐλὴ, which carries the meaning of a sore or swelling. This choice indicates a focus on the physical aspect of the condition, aligning with the Hebrew understanding of a raised area on the skin.

This choice shows a consistent interpretation of the condition as one requiring examination, emphasizing the importance of the priest's role in diagnosing skin diseases.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Leviticus 13:19 explains that if a white swelling or reddish-white spot appears after a boil, the person must go to the priest. This verse is part of the laws that guide the community on how to handle skin diseases, ensuring that individuals maintain purity.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What should a person do if they notice a swelling after a boil?

They must present themselves to the priest for examination to determine the nature of the swelling.

Why is it important to see a priest for skin conditions?

The priest serves as a spiritual leader who can assess the condition and determine if it is clean or unclean according to the laws.

What does the swelling indicate?

The swelling may indicate a new condition that requires careful examination to ensure the health of the community.

How do these laws reflect the importance of health in the community?

These laws emphasize the need for physical and spiritual cleanliness, showing how health is integral to communal well-being.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What steps can I take to ensure I maintain my health and well-being, both physically and spiritually?
  2. How can I support others who may be facing health challenges within my community?
  3. What do these laws teach us about the importance of seeking help from spiritual leaders in times of need?
  4. In what ways can I apply the principles of cleanliness and health from these laws to my daily life?

Commentators on this verse — 6 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Leviticus 13:19 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

And in the place of the boil there be a white rising,.... In the place where the boil was, a white swelling appears: or a bright spot, white, and somewhat reddish; white and red mixed, as the Targum

Read John Gill on Leviticus 13 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

The flesh also, in which, even in the skin thereof, was a boil, and is healed, a boil , [ shªchiyn (H7822), a burning sore, an inflamed ulcer; Septuagint, helkos]; and

Read Robert Jamieson on Leviticus 13 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Somewhat reddish, i.e. white mixed with red, as when blood and milk are mixed together. A late learned writer renders the words thus, white and very bright, or light, which indeed is the true colour of leprosy, to wit, when it is in its perfection, as , &c. But here it was only beginning and arising out of a bile, in which together with the white, which was the colour of the leprosy, there might be some mixture of redness arising from the bile, or that part of it which was not yet turned into the nature and colour of leprosy.

Read Matthew Poole on Leviticus 13 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(19) And in the place of the boil.—If the cicatriced sore breaks out again, and exhibits the usual symptoms of leprosy, the patient is to show himself to the priest. White, and somewhat reddish.—Better, of a white-reddish colour. This symptom is peculiar to re-opened cicatriced sores, and hence has not been mentioned before. The authorities in the time of Christ describe the mixture of red and white as follows :—“It has the appearance of red wine poured into water, and is either a palish white or somewhat darker.”

Read Charles John Ellicott on Leviticus 13 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

Leprosy developing in the place of an old boil or a burn (18–28) The distinguishing marks of leprosy are similar to those already indicated; it would seem that in these cases they are more easily recognised, for only one shutting up for seven days is required. The Heb. word (shĕ ?ḥ ?în) for ‘boil’ is used of Hezekiah (2 Kings 20:7) and Job (Job 2:7); also for ‘the botch (boil R.V.) of Egypt’ (Deuteronomy 28:17). As Egypt was notorious for malignant skin diseases, this expression may denote some form of leprosy.

Read Cambridge on Leviticus 13 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

19. Somewhat reddish — The redness is that of the inflamed circumference of the blotch. The two symptoms of white hairs and manifest depth below the skin indicate leprosy.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Leviticus 13 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

and a white swelling or a reddish-white spot develops where the boil was, he must present himself to the priest.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

and in the place of the boil there is a white swelling, or a bright spot, reddish-white, then it shall be shown to the priest.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

and a white swelling or a reddish-white spot develops where the boil was, he must present himself to the priest.

NETBNew English Translation2006

and in the place of the boil there is a white swelling or a reddish white bright spot, he must show himself to the priest.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

And in the place of the boil there be a white rising, or a bright spot, white, and somewhat reddish, and it be shewed to the priest;

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

and in the place of the boil there is a white rising, or a bright spot, reddish-white, then it shall be showed to the priest;

RVARevised Version, American1894

and in the place of the boil there is a white rising, or a bright spot, reddish-white, then it shall be shewed to the priest;

NWBWebster's Bible1833

And in the place of the boil there shall be a white rising, or a bright spot, white, and somewhat reddish, and it be showed to the priest;

GNVGeneva Bible1599

And in ye place of the bile there be a white swelling, or a white spot somewhat reddish, it shall be seene of the Priest.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

and there is in the place of the boil a white rising, or a white-reddish bright spot, it shall be shewn to the priest;

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

and there hath been in the place of the ulcer a white rising, or a bright white spot, very red, then it hath been seen by the priest,

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

and there has been in the place of the ulcer a white rising, or a bright white spot, reddish, then it has been seen by the priest,

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

And if there be on the place of the inflammation a white swelling, or a white and dark red bright spot, he shall be shown to the priest;

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

and in place of the boil there is white swelling or a bright spot, reddish-white, then it must be shown to the priest.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

And in the place of the ulcer, there appeareth a white scar, or somewhat red, the man shall be brought to the priest:

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

and a white swelling or a reddish-white spot appears in its place, they must show themselves to the priest.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

And on the same place there is a white growth of a bright mark, red and white, then let the priest see it;

Word by word, the decisions they made

לְבָנָ֣הle.va.Nah white H3836 2 different renderings
whiteASV BBE BSB DBY DRA FBV ILT LSV MSB NETB RVA ULB WEB YLT
somewhat reddishGNV KJV NWB

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וְandclauseverbהָיָ֞הit.will.beprepositional phrase · prepositionalבִּinnoun phraseמְק֤וֹםthe.placenoun phraseהַofשְּׁחִין֙the.boilnoun phrase · subjectnoun phraseשְׂאֵ֣תa.swellingלְבָנָ֔הwhiteא֥וֹornoun phraseבַהֶ֖רֶתa.bright.spotadjective phraseלְבָנָ֣הwhiteאֲדַמְדָּ֑מֶתreddishוְandclauseverbנִרְאָ֖הhe.will.present.himselfprepositional phrase · prepositionalאֶלtonoun phraseהַtheכֹּהֵֽןpriest

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Samaritan Pentateuch agrees with the Masoretic Text here, word for word, affirming the consistency of the text across different traditions. The Septuagint matches 11 of the 12 words, indicating a strong correlation with the Hebrew text, though its word order differs.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וְהָיָ֞ה בִּמְק֤וֹם הַשְּׁחִין֙ שְׂאֵ֣ת לְבָנָ֔ה א֥וֹ בַהֶ֖רֶת לְבָנָ֣ה אֲדַמְדָּ֑מֶת וְנִרְאָ֖ה אֶל־ הַכֹּהֵֽן׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וְהָיָ֞הγένηταιבִּמְק֤וֹםτόπῳהַשְּׁחִין֙ἕλκουςשְׂאֵ֣תοὐλὴלְבָנָ֔הλευκὴא֥וֹבַהֶ֖רֶתτηλαυγὴςלְבָנָ֣הλευκαίνουσαאֲדַמְדָּ֑מֶתπυρρίζουσαוְנִרְאָ֖הὀφθήσεταιהַכֹּהֵֽן׃ἱερεῖ

11 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Samaritan Pentateuchthe Torah as the Samaritan community kept it

והיה במקום השׁחין שׂאת לבנה או בהרת לבנה אדמדמת ונראה אל הכהן

Agrees with the Masoretic Text here, word for word.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Leviticus 13:19הָיָהand it willand it will beהָיָהמָקוֹםin [the] plin [the] place מָקוֹםשְׁחִיןthe boilthe boilשְׁחִיןשְׂאֵתa swellinga swellingשְׂאֵתלָבָןwhitewhiteלָבָןאוֹororאוֹבַּהֶ֫רֶתa bright spa bright spotבַּהֶ֫רֶתלָבָןwhitewhiteלָבָןאֲדַמְדָּםreddishreddishאֲדַמְדָּםרָאָהand he willand he will preרָאָהאֶלtotoאֶלכֹּהֵןthe priestthe priestכֹּהֵןלָבֵןto whitento whitenלָבֵןלֵב(Leb)-kama(Leb)-kamaiלֵבנָשָׂאto lift: rto lift: raiseנָשָׂאאָדֹםto reddento reddenאָדֹםהָוָאto fallto fallהָוָאאַוָּהdesiredesireאַוָּהבָּהִירbrightbrightבָּהִירכָּהַןto ministeto ministerכָּהַןסַפַּ֫חַתscabscabסַפַּ֫חַתלָבָןwhitewhiteלָבָןבַּהֶ֫רֶתbright spobright spotבַּהֶ֫רֶתשֵׂעָרhairhairשֵׂעָרבָּחַרto chooseto chooseבָּחַרשָׁחַטto slaughtto slaughterשָׁחַטאֲבַעְבֻּעֹתboilboilאֲבַעְבֻּעֹתפָּרַחto sproutto sproutפָּרַחשְׁתִיwarpwarpשְׁתִיעֵ֫רֶבracial-mixracial-mixעֵ֫רֶב
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Leviticus 13:19

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and it will be in [the] place of the boil a swelling white or a bright spot white reddish and he will present himself to the priest
וְהָיָ֞הve.ha.Yah and it will be H1961 Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person masculine singular
3,562× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.
Amplified meaning
appears, comes into being
Tyndale gloss
to be
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be

Qal

Fall out, happen

occur, take place, come about, come to pass

esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass

וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)

rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה

less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)

Come into being, become

abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come

sq. prep.

become

sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)

sq. pred. adj.

become like

sq. pred. לְ pers.

sq. לְ pred.

oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.

with עַל and לְ

sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of

Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)

exist, be in existence

abide, remain, continue

with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie

as copula, joining subj. & pred.

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen

. occur, take place, come about, come to pass

. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)

. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה

. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)

. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come

. sq. prep.

. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)

. sq. pred. adj.

. become like

. sq. pred. + לְ pers.

. sq. לְ pred.

. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.

. with עַל and לְ

. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of

. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence

. abide, remain, continue

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1961 hayah haw-yaw

a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,

come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or

auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,

committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,

fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit

(one-)self, require, X use.

see HEBREW for 01933

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.

1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out

1a) (Qal)

1a1) ---

1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass

1a1b) to come about, come to pass

1a2) to come into being, become

1a2a) to arise, appear, come

1a2b) to become

1a2b1) to become

1a2b2) to become like

1a2b3) to be instituted, be established

1a3) to be

1a3a) to exist, be in existence

1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)

1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)

1a3d) to accompany, be with

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about

1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person masculine singular
Hc/Vqq3ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

See TESTAMENT.

Nave's Topical Bible

→ THE MENTAL FACULTY

Freedom of, recognized by God Ge 4:6-10; De 5:29; 1Ki 20:42; Isa 1:18-20; 43:26; Jer 36:3,7; Joh 7:17

See BLESSINGS, CONTINGENT UPON OBEDIENCE

See CHOICE

See CONTINGENCY

→ OF GOD, THE SUPREME RULE OF DUTY Mt 6:10; 12:50; 26:39,42; Mr 3:35; 14:36; Lu 11:2; 22:42; Joh 4:34; 5:30; 6:38-40; Ac…

and it will be in [the] place of the boil a swelling white or a bright spot white reddish and he will present himself to the priest
בִּמְק֤וֹםbim.Kom in [the] place of H4725 Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
401× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Maqom means a place or location, like a city or a region. It can also refer to a condition of the body or mind. This term is used to describe a wide range of locations and situations.
Tyndale gloss
place
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מָקוֹם (maqom) means 'place' and encompasses a variety of contexts, including a standing place, station, or post. It can refer to human abodes, localities, regions, and even figurative conditions of body or mind. The term is derived from a root meaning 'standing' and is used broadly in the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מָקוֹם, מָקֹם 399 n.m. standing-place, place

standing-place

station, where soldiers are placed

post, office

place where a thing belongs

esp.

place of human abode

of י׳’s abode

place

in gen. place, locality, spot

space, room

space, distance, between

region, quarter, direction

peculiar uses

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4725 מָקוֹם, מָקֹם standing-place, place . . standing-place

. station, where soldiers are placed

. post, office

. . place where a thing belongs

. esp. . place of human abode

. of י׳’s abode

. place

. in gen. place, locality, spot

. . space, room

. space, distance, between

. region, quarter, direction

. peculiar uses

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4725 maqowm maw-kome'

or maqom {maw-kome'}; also (feminine) mqowmah {mek-o-mah'};

or mqomah {mek-o-mah'}; from 6965; properly, a standing, i.e.

a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific);

also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or

mind):--country, X home, X open, place, room, space, X

whither(-soever).

see HEBREW for 06965

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מָקוֹם (ma.qom) — place.

1) standing place, place

1a) standing place, station, post, office

1b) place, place of human abode

1c) city, land, region

1d) place, locality, spot

1e) space, room, distance

1f) region, quarter, direction

1g) give place to, instead of

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
HR/Ncmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and it will be in [the] place of the boil a swelling white or a bright spot white reddish and he will present himself to the priest
הַשְּׁחִין֙ha.she.Chin the boil H7822 Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
13× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word describes a boil or inflamed spot, which can refer to leprosy or other skin conditions in the Bible.
Amplified meaning
inflamed spot, ulcer
Tyndale gloss
boil
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שְׁחִין (shchiyn) refers to a boil or an inflamed spot, often associated with skin eruptions or ulcers. The term is linked to a root that likely means to burn, indicating inflammation. It can pertain to conditions affecting both humans and animals, including leprosy.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שְׁחִין n.m. boil, coll. eruption

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7822 שְׁחִין boil, coll. eruption

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7822 shchiyn shekh-een'

from an unused root probably meaning to burn; inflammation,

i.e. an ulcer; --boil, botch.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שְׁחִין (she.chin) — boil.

1) boil, inflamed spot, inflammation, eruption

1a) of man, leprosy, of man and beast

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
HTd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Boil

(rendered “botch” in Deut. 28:27, 35), an aggravated ulcer, as in the case of Hezekiah (2 Kings 20:7; Isa. 38:21) or of the Egyptians (Ex. 9:9, 10, 11; Deut. 28:27, 35). It designates the disease of Job (2:7), which was probably the black leprosy.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

[MEDICINE]

Nave's Topical Bible

→ (A tumor)

→ Plague of Egyptians Ex 9:9,10; De 28:27,35

→ Of the Philistines (R. V., tumors) 1Sa 5:6,9; 6:5

→ Of Hezekiah, healed 2Ki 20:7; Isa 38:21

→ Of Job Job 2:7,8

→ Levitical ceremonies prescribed for Le 13:18-23

and it will be in [the] place of the boil a swelling white or a bright spot white reddish and he will present himself to the priest
שְׂאֵ֣תse.'Et a swelling H7613 Noun common · feminine singular absolute
14× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, elevation can refer to a physical rise in the land or a sense of pride and dignity. It is used to describe the exaltation of God and the dignity of kings. The word appears in books like Psalms and Proverbs.
Amplified meaning
elevation, a raised area
Tyndale gloss
elevation
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שְׂאֵת (s'eth) refers to concepts of elevation and dignity, including exaltation, swelling, and uprising. It is derived from a root meaning to rise up. The word encompasses both physical and figurative senses of elevation, such as rank or character. Notably, it can also refer to a leprous scab in a more literal context.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שְׂאֵת n.f. 1. exaltation, dignity. 2. swelling. 3. uprising

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7613 שְׂאֵת 1. exaltation, dignity. 2. swelling. 3. uprising

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7613 s'eth seh-ayth'

from 5375; an elevation or leprous scab; figuratively,

elation or cheerfulness; exaltation in rank or character:--

be accepted, dignity, excellency, highness, raise up self,

rising.

see HEBREW for 05375

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שְׂאֵת (se.et) — elevation.

1) elevation, exaltation, dignity, swelling, uprising

1a) dignity, exaltation, loftiness

1b) swelling

1c) uprising

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absolute
HNcfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

swel'-ing: The verb ga'-ah, means "rise up" (Eze 47:5, etc.), so that the noun ga'awah (Ps 46:3) means "arising." The "swelling" of the sea that shakes the mountains is a perfectly good translation, and "pride" (so the American Revised Version margin) is beside the mark. In Jer 12:5; 49:19 parallel 50:44; Zec 11:3 is found the phrase ge'on ha-yarden, "exaltation of the Jordan," which the King James Version translates "pride of Jordan" in Zechariah and "swelling of Jordan" in Jeremiah (the Revised Version (British and American) has "pride" throughout, with "swelling" in the margin of Jeremiah). What is described is a place, with a mass of vegetation, easily burned (

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Swelling

Of Jordan (Jer. 12:5), literally the “pride” of Jordan (as in R.V.), i.e., the luxuriant thickets of tamarisks, poplars, reeds, etc., which were the lair of lions and other beasts of prey. The reference is not to the overflowing of the river banks. (Comp. 49:19; 50:44; Zech. 11:3).

and it will be in [the] place of the boil a swelling white or a bright spot white reddish and he will present himself to the priest
לְבָנָ֔הle.va.Nah white H3836 Adj
29× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Means white in Hebrew, used to describe something pure or clean, like freshly fallen snow.
Amplified meaning
or bright, shining
Tyndale gloss
white
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לָבָן (lavan) means 'white' in Hebrew. It is derived from the root word לָבַן (lavan), which also conveys the same meaning. The term is used in contexts such as Genesis 49:12, where it describes color.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לָבָן adj. white

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3836 לָבָן white

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3836 laban law-bawn'

or (Gen. 49:12) laben {law-bane'}; from 3835; white:--white.

see HEBREW for 03835

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לָבָן (la.van) — white.

white

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAafsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

hwit.

See COLORS.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

White

A symbol of purity (2 Chr. 5:12; Ps. 51:7; Isa. 1:18; Rev. 3:18; 7:14). Our Lord, at his transfiguration, appeared in raiment “white as the light” (Matt. 17:2, etc.).

Nave's Topical Bible

→ See COLOR

Thompson Chain Reference topics

a colour symbolical of purity

Da 12:10; Mt 28:3; Re 2:17; 3:4; 4:4; 6:2; 7:9; 19:8; 20:11

--SEE White Raiment,

and it will be in [the] place of the boil a swelling white or a bright spot white reddish and he will present himself to the priest
א֥וֹ'o or H176 Conjunction
321× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Desire can also mean or, and, or if, showing a choice between options, as seen in Proverbs 31:4. It is used to express alternatives or possibilities.
Tyndale gloss
or
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אוֹ (*'ow*) primarily functions as a conjunction meaning 'or,' often indicating a preference or choice between options. It can also introduce examples, express conditions, or imply alternatives. Additionally, it is associated with the noun meaning 'desire' in Proverbs 31:4. The entries reflect a range of uses, but do not present significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אוֹ 320 conj. or

sometimes implying a preference, nearly or rather

introducing a sentence, esp. a particular case under a general principle, or = or if

if perchance

once, with the juss. = except

base

[אֵו] n.m. אוֹ, Kt Pr 31:4 desire, so Thes MV; but < Qr אֵי q.v.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H176 אוֹ or . sometimes implying a preference, nearly or rather

. introducing a sentence, esp. a particular case under a general principle, or = or if

. if perchance

. once, with the juss. = except

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

176 'ow o

presumed to be the "constructive" or genitival form of -av

{av}; short for 185; desire (and so probably in Prov. 31:4);

hence (by way of alternative) or, also if:--also, and,

either, if, at the least, X nor, or, otherwise, then, whether.

see HEBREW for 0185

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אוֹ (o) — or.

1) or, rather

1a) implying that the latter choice is preferred

1b) or if, introducing an example to be seen under a particular principle

1c) (in series) either...or, whether...or

1d) if perchance

1e) except, or else

2) whether, not the least, if, otherwise, also, and, then

אוֹ (o) — desire.

desire

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj — Conjunction
HC
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

or: The word is used once for either (1Sa 26:10), and is still in poetic use in this sense; as in, "Without or wave or wind" (Coleridge); "Or the bakke or some bone he breketh in his dzouthe" (Piers Plowman (B), VII, 93; compare Merchant of Venice, III, ii, 65). It is also used with "ever" for before (Ps 90:2; Ecclesiasticus 18:19), which the American Standard Revised Version substitutes in Ec 12:6 (compare 12:1,2); So 6:12; Da 6:24.

and it will be in [the] place of the boil a swelling white or a bright spot white reddish and he will present himself to the priest
בַהֶ֖רֶתva.He.ret a bright spot H934 Noun common · feminine singular absolute
12× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word refers to a bright spot on the skin, possibly a scar, blister, or boil, and is used in Leviticus to describe a sign of leprosy. It is translated as a whitish spot in the KJV Bible. This term appears in discussions of skin conditions.
Amplified meaning
bright spot, a shiny mark
Tyndale gloss
bright spot
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בַּהֶ֫רֶת (bohereth) refers to a bright or whitish spot on the skin, often associated with conditions like leprosy, scars, or blisters. It is a feminine active participle derived from a related term. The entries emphasize its appearance as a skin condition, without significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בַּהֶ֫רֶת n.f. brightness, bright spot

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H934 בַּהֶ֫רֶת

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

934 bohereth bo-heh'-reth

feminine active participle of the same as 925; a whitish spot

on the skin:--bright spot.

see HEBREW for 0925

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בַּהֶ֫רֶת (bo.he.ret) — bright spot.

1) white patch of skin, brightness, bright spot (on skin)

2) (CLBL) bright spot, scar, blister, boil

2a) resulting from fire

2b) resulting from inflammation of the skin

2c) possible sign of leprosy

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absolute
HNcfsa
and it will be in [the] place of the boil a swelling white or a bright spot white reddish and he will present himself to the priest
לְבָנָ֣הle.va.Nah white H3836 Adj
29× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Means white in Hebrew, used to describe something pure or clean, like freshly fallen snow.
Amplified meaning
somewhat reddish, having a reddish tint
Tyndale gloss
white
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לָבָן (lavan) means 'white' in Hebrew. It is derived from the root word לָבַן (lavan), which also conveys the same meaning. The term is used in contexts such as Genesis 49:12, where it describes color.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לָבָן adj. white

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3836 לָבָן white

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3836 laban law-bawn'

or (Gen. 49:12) laben {law-bane'}; from 3835; white:--white.

see HEBREW for 03835

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לָבָן (la.van) — white.

white

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAafsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

hwit.

See COLORS.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

White

A symbol of purity (2 Chr. 5:12; Ps. 51:7; Isa. 1:18; Rev. 3:18; 7:14). Our Lord, at his transfiguration, appeared in raiment “white as the light” (Matt. 17:2, etc.).

Nave's Topical Bible

→ See COLOR

Thompson Chain Reference topics

a colour symbolical of purity

Da 12:10; Mt 28:3; Re 2:17; 3:4; 4:4; 6:2; 7:9; 19:8; 20:11

--SEE White Raiment,

and it will be in [the] place of the boil a swelling white or a bright spot white reddish and he will present himself to the priest
אֲדַמְדָּ֑מֶת'a.dam.Da.met reddish H125
6× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word 'adamdam' describes something as reddish in color. It is used to describe objects or people with a reddish hue. This term appears in passages like Genesis, where it describes the color of objects.
Tyndale gloss
reddish
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֲדַמְדָּם (adamdam) is an adjective meaning 'reddish.' It is derived from a reduplicated form of another Hebrew word for 'red' and is specifically noted in relation to leprous sores. The term captures a specific shade of red, indicating a somewhat reddish appearance.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֲדַמְדָּם adj. reddish of leprous sores

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H125 אֲדַמְדָּם

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

125 'adamdam ad-am-dawm'

reduplicated from 119; reddish:--(somewhat) reddish.

see HEBREW for 0119

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֲדַמְדָּם (a.dam.dam) — reddish.

reddish, be reddish

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HAafsa
HAafsa
and it will be in [the] place of the boil a swelling white or a bright spot white reddish and he will present himself to the priest
וְנִרְאָ֖הve.nir.'Ah and he will present himself H7200 Verb · Niphal · sequential perfect third person masculine singular
1,300× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for provider means to see or look after, and is used to describe God's care for his people. It appears in various forms throughout the Bible, including in Genesis and other books.
Amplified meaning
show, bring
Tyndale gloss
Provider
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רָאָה (ra'ah) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to see' and encompasses a wide range of visual and perceptual actions, including looking, observing, and causing others to see. It can refer to both literal sight and figurative understanding, with various grammatical forms indicating different nuances, such as appearing or being visible. The entries indicate a rich semantic field without significant disagreement among lexicographers.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רָאָה 1315 vb. see

Qal 1141

see, subj.

see, c. acc. rei

see, sq. acc. cl. or phr. of closer design

see, so as to learn to know

abs. see, have (power of) vision

see = perceive

look at, see, by direct volition

of mental observation

c. ב, lit., look into, hence look at with interest

see, c. acc. rei

Niph.

appear

be seen

be visible

Pu. appar. his bones are not detected

Hithp. recipr. look at each other

Hiph.

cause one to see something, shew

cause to experience something

cause to look intently at, to behold

Hoph.

be caused to see, be shewn

be exhibited to

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7200a רָאָה see .. . see, subj.

. see, c. acc. rei

. see, sq. acc. + cl. or phr. of closer design

. see, so as to learn to know

. abs. see, have (power of) vision

. see = perceive

. look at, see, by direct volition

. of mental observation

. . c. ב, lit., look into, hence look at with interest

. see, c. acc. rei

. . appear

. be seen

. be visible

. appar. his bones are not detected

. recipr. look at each other

. . . cause one to see something, shew

. cause to experience something

. cause to look intently at, to behold

. . be caused to see, be shewn

. be exhibited to

H7200b רְאוּת look

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7200 ra'ah raw-aw'

a primitive root; to see, literally or figuratively (in

numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive,

intransitive and causative):--advise self, appear, approve,

behold, X certainly, consider, discern, (make to) enjoy, have

experience, gaze, take heed, X indeed, X joyfully, lo, look

(on, one another, one on another, one upon another, out, up,

upon), mark, meet, X be near, perceive, present, provide,

regard, (have) respect, (fore-, cause to, let) see(-r, -m, one

another), shew (self), X sight of others, (e-)spy, stare, X

surely, X think, view, visions.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רָאָה (ra.ah) — to see: see.

: see/show

1) to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to see

1a2) to see, perceive

1a3) to see, have vision

1a4) to look at, see, regard, look after, see after, learn about, observe, watch, look upon, look out, find out

1a5) to see, observe, consider, look at, give attention to, discern, distinguish

1a6) to look at, gaze at

1a7) to provide, choose

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to appear, present oneself

1b2) to be seen

1b3) to be visible

1c) (Pual) to be seen

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to see, show

1d2) to cause to look intently at, behold, cause to gaze at

1e) (Hophal)

1e1) to be caused to see, be shown

1e2) to be exhibited to

1f) (Hithpael) to look at each other, face

רָאָה (ra.ah) — to see: examine.

: examine/consider

1) to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to see

1a2) to see, perceive

1a3) to see, have vision

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Niphal-3ms — Verb · Niphal · sequential perfect third person masculine singular
Hc/VNq3ms
and it will be in [the] place of the boil a swelling white or a bright spot white reddish and he will present himself to the priest
אֶל־'el- to H413 Preposition
5,518× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means 'to' or 'toward', showing direction or movement. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, to indicate where someone is going. The KJV translates it in various ways, like 'about', 'according to', or 'against'.
Tyndale gloss
to(wards)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֶל (el) is primarily a preposition indicating motion towards or direction to a person or place. It can also imply entering a limit, presence at a location, or a hostile direction (against). Additionally, it may express concepts such as concerning, in addition to, or according to. The entries highlight its versatility in both physical and metaphorical contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph),

prep. denoting motion to or direction towards (whether physical or mental).of motion to or unto a person or place

Where the limit is actually entered, into

Of direction towards anything

Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

Of rule or standard according to (rare)

Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H413 אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph), . of motion to or unto a person or place

. Where the limit is actually entered, into

. Of direction towards anything

. Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

. Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

. Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

. Of rule or standard according to (rare)

. Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

. Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

413 'el ale

(but only used in the shortened constructive form sel {el});

a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but

occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or

among; often in general, to:--about, according to ,after,

against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and,

by, concerning, for, from, X hath, in(- to), near, (out) of,

over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether,

with(-in).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶל (el) — to(wards).

1) to, toward, unto (of motion)

2) into (limit is actually entered)

2a) in among

3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion)

4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character)

5) in addition to, to

6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of

7) according to (rule or standard)

8) at, by, against (of one's presence)

9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
and it will be in [the] place of the boil a swelling white or a bright spot white reddish and he will present himself to the priest
הַכֹּהֵֽן׃ha.ko.Hen the priest H3548 Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
750× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, a priest is a person who serves God and leads others in worship, like the Levitical priests in Exodus. They were responsible for making sacrifices and following God's laws. This term is also used to describe Jesus as a priest-king.
Amplified meaning
spiritual leader, one who serves God
Tyndale gloss
priest
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּהֵן (kohen) means 'priest' and is derived from the active participle of a related root. It encompasses various types of priests, including Levitical, Aaronic, and even pagan priests, as well as chief rulers or principal officers. The term is used in contexts referring to both Jewish and non-Jewish priestly roles.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּהֵן 750 n.m. priest

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3548 כֹּהֵן priest

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3548 kohen ko-hane'

active participle of 3547; literally, one officiating, a

priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a

layman):--chief ruler, X own, priest, prince, principal

officer.

see HEBREW for 03547

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּהֵן (ko.hen) — priest.

1) priest, principal officer or chief ruler

1a) priest-king (Melchizedek, Messiah)

1b) pagan priests

1c) priests of Jehovah

1d) Levitical priests

1e) Zadokite priests

1f) Aaronic priests

1g) the high priest

Aramaic equivalent: ka.hen (כָּהֵן "priest" H3549)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
HTd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

prest (kohen, "priest," "prince," "minister"; hiereus archiereus; for hiereus megas, of Heb 10:21, see Thayer's Lexicon, under the word hiereus:

I. NATURE OF THE PRIESTLY OFFICE

1. Implies Divine Choice

2. Implies Representation

3. Implies Offering Sacrifice

4. Implies Intercession

II. THE TWO GREAT PRIESTS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT, MELCHIZEDEK AND AARON

III. PRIESTLY FUNCTIONS AND CHARACTER

1. A Strictly Religious Order

2. Priestism Denied

3. The High Priest's Qualifications

4. Symbolism of Aaron's Rod

IV. CONSECRATION OF AARON AND HIS SONS (EXODUS 29; LEVITICUS 8)

1. Symbolism of Consecration

2. Type and Archetype

LITERATURE

A priest is one who is duly authorized to minister in sacred things, particularly to offer sacrifices at the altar, and who acts as mediator between men and God. In the New Testament the term is applied to priests of the Gentiles…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Priest

The Heb. kohen, Gr. hierus, Lat. sacerdos, always denote one who offers sacrifices.

At first every man was his own priest, and presented his own sacrifices before God. Afterwards that office devolved on the head of the family, as in the cases of Noah (Gen. 8:20), Abraham (12:7; 13:4), Isaac (26:25), Jacob (31:54), and Job (Job 1:5).

The name first occurs as applied to Melchizedek (Gen. 14:18). Under the Levitical arrangements the office of the priesthood was limited to the tribe of Levi, and to only one family of that tribe, the family of Aaron. Certain laws respecting the qualifications of priests are given in Lev. 21:16-23. There are ordinances also regarding the…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

The English word is derived from the Greek presbyter , signifying an "elder" (Heb. cohen). Origin. --The idea of a priesthood connects itself in all its forms, pure or corrupted, with the consciousness, more or less distinct of sin. Men feel that they have broken a law. The power above them is holier than they are, and they dare not approach it. They crave for the intervention of some one of whom they can think as likely to be more acceptable than themselves. He must offer up their prayers, thanksgivings, sacrifices. He becomes their representative in "things pertaining unto God." He may become also (though this does not always follow) the representative of God to man. The functions of the priest and prophet may exist in the same person. No trace of a hereditary or caste priesthood meets us in the worship of the patriarchal age. Once and once only does the word cohen meet us as…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

One who officiated in the public worship of God, especially in making expiation for sin, being "ordained for men in things pertaining to God, to offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins." In the Old Testament, the priesthood was not annexed to a certain family till after the promulgation of the law by Moses. Before that time, the firstborn of each family, the fathers, the princes, the kings, were priests in their own cities and in their own houses. Cain and Abel, Noah, Abraham, and Job, Abimelech and Laban, Isaac and Jacob offered personally their own sacrifices. In the solemnity of the covenant made by the Lord with his people, at the foot of Mount Sinai, Moses performed the office of mediator, and young men were chosen from among Israel to perform the office of priests, Ex 24:5. But after the Lord had chosen the tribe of Levi to…

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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