Daniel 12:10 — Word Study
WLCיִ֠תְבָּֽרֲרוּ וְיִֽתְלַבְּנ֤וּ וְיִצָּֽרְפוּ֙ רַבִּ֔ים וְהִרְשִׁ֣יעוּ רְשָׁעִ֔ים וְלֹ֥א יָבִ֖ינוּ כָּל־ רְשָׁעִ֑ים וְהַמַּשְׂכִּלִ֖ים יָבִֽינוּ׃
BSAManyrab [a large number, a multitude] will be purifiedbârar▸ [to make clean and bright, like polishing metal] made spotlesslâban▸ [whitened, refined like silver] and refinedtsâraph▸ [to purify by removing impurities] but the wickedrâshâʻ [morally wrong, guilty of sin] will continue to act wickedlyrâshaʻ [to do evil, to sin against God] Nonelôʼ of the wickedrâshâʻ [those who are guilty of crime or sin] will understandbîyn▸ [to discern, to know with the mind] but the wisesâkal [those who are prudent, circumspect] will understandbîyn▸ [to comprehend, to have insight]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| יִ֠תְבָּֽרֲרוּ | they will purge themselves | Verb, Hithpael, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| וְיִֽתְלַבְּנ֤וּ | and they may purify themselves | Conjunction, verb hithpael third person masculine plural |
| וְיִצָּֽרְפוּ֙ | so they may be refined | Conjunction, verb niphal third person masculine plural |
| רַבִּ֔ים | many [people] | Adj |
| וְהִרְשִׁ֣יעוּ | and they will act wickedly | Verb, Hiphil, sequential perfect third person common plural |
| רְשָׁעִ֔ים | wicked [people] | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| וְלֹ֥א | and not | Conjunction, particle |
| יָבִ֖ינוּ | they will understand | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| כָּל־ | any | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| רְשָׁעִ֑ים | wicked [people] | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| וְהַמַּשְׂכִּלִ֖ים | and those [who] have insight | Conjunction, particle, verb hiphil participle (active) masculine plural |
| יָבִֽינוּ׃ | they will understand | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Many will be purified, made spotless, and refined, but the wicked will continue to act wickedly. None of the wicked will understand, but the wise will understand. |
| KJV | Many shall be purified, and made white, and tried; but the wicked shall do wickedly: and none of the wicked shall understand; but the wise shall understand. |
| ASV | Many shall purify themselves, and make themselves white, and be refined; but the wicked shall do wickedly; and none of the wicked shall understand; but they that are wise shall understand. |
| YLT | Purify themselves, yea, make themselves white, yea, refined are many: and the wicked have done wickedly, and none of the wicked understand, and those acting wisely do understand; |
| WEB | Many will purify themselves, and make themselves white, and be refined, but the wicked will do wickedly; and none of the wicked will understand, but those who are wise will understand. |
| BBE | Till a number are tested and make themselves clean; and the evil-doers will do evil; for not one of the evil-doers will have knowledge; but all will be made clear to those who are wise. |
Translations agree on the meaning of יִ֠תְבָּֽרֲרוּ — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence is structured around a main clause with contrasting actions, emphasizing the outcomes for the righteous and the wicked.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectרַב
verbבָּרַר
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Daniel 12:10
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The End Times and the Purification of Manygenerated
Daniel 12:10 speaks of a time of purification for many, contrasting their fate with that of the wicked who will persist in wrongdoing. The passage emphasizes the distinction between those who seek holiness and those who remain unrepentant, highlighting the ultimate understanding that the wise will attain. This theme resonates with other prophetic texts, such as Daniel 11:35 and Psalm 51:7, which also discuss purification and moral clarity.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Daniel 11:35 | Some of the wise will fall, so that they may be refined, purified, and made spotless until the time of the end, for it will still come at the appointed time. |
| 2 | Psalm 51:7 | Purify me with hyssop, and I will be clean; wash me, and I will be whiter than snow. |
| 3 | Isaiah 1:18 | “Come now, let us reason together,” says the LORD. “Though your sins are like scarlet, they will be as white as snow; though they are as red as crimson, they will become like wool. |
| 4 | Ezekiel 36:25 | I will also sprinkle clean water on you, and you will be clean. I will cleanse you from all your impurities and all your idols. |
| 5 | Zechariah 13:9 | This third I will bring through the fire; I will refine them like silver and test them like gold. They will call on My name, and I will answer them. I will say, ‘They are My people,’ and they will say, ‘The LORD is our God.’” |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 33 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יִ֠תְבָּֽרֲרוּ, Yit.ba.ra.rugenerated
The verb בָּרַר (barar) means to purify and is parsed as a Hithpael imperfect third person masculine plural, indicating that many will actively engage in the process of purification. This form suggests a reflexive action, where the subjects are involved in their own cleansing.
Purification in this context implies a thorough cleansing, akin to polishing metal, which reflects the spiritual transformation expected of the faithful. The word carries a strong connotation of being made bright and clean, aligning with the biblical theme of holiness.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
Translations largely agree on the rendering of יִ֠תְבָּֽרֲרוּ as purified.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb הִרְשִׁ֣יעוּ (hirshi'u) governs the sentence, with multiple clauses detailing the actions and subjects involved. The structure emphasizes the contrast between the actions of the many who will be purified and the wicked who will continue to act wickedly.
The sentence is complex, with several subjects and verbs, creating a layered meaning that highlights the consequences of moral choices.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יִ֠תְבָּֽרֲרוּ as πειρασθῶσι, which suggests a testing or proving aspect in the purification process. This choice may imply a more rigorous examination of character than the Hebrew suggests.
This difference indicates a broader interpretation of the purification process, emphasizing not just the act of cleansing but also the trials that lead to such a state.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Daniel 12:10 states that many will be purified and made spotless, while the wicked will continue in their ways. The wise will understand the truth, while the wicked will remain ignorant. This passage highlights the importance of moral choices and the eventual outcomes for different groups of people.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To be purified means to be cleansed from sin and imperfections, becoming holy and acceptable before God.
The wicked are those who act in opposition to God's commands, persisting in their wrongdoing without repentance.
The wise represent those who seek knowledge and discernment, gaining insight into God's truth and the consequences of their actions.
This verse connects with themes of purification, judgment, and the distinction between the righteous and the wicked, seen throughout the prophetic literature.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways can I seek purification in my own life?
- How do I discern between wise and wicked choices in my daily actions?
- What steps can I take to gain a deeper understanding of God's truth?
- How can I support others in their journey toward purification and understanding?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Irenaeus cites this verse to discuss the understanding of the wise and the purification of the faithful, highlighting the contrast with the wicked.
“The words are sealed up until those who are intelligent understand and those who are white are made white.” [The Gnostic Marcosians] boast that they themselves are the ones who are white and quite intelligent.Early Church Fathers on Daniel 12 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Daniel 12:10 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleMany shall be purged, and made white, and tried,.... Though Christ does not give, in plain, clear, and explicit terms, an answer to the above question, when, and how, and what would be the end of the
Read John Gill on Daniel 12 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryMany shall be purified, and made white, and tried; but the wicked shall do wickedly: and none of the wicked shall understand; but the wise shall understand.
Read Robert Jamieson on Daniel 12 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleOf this purging and purifying you heard before, ; the meaning is, the great afflictions of the church are to prepare them, by taking away their filth, for the Bridegroom, as gold and silver are tried and refined. None of the wicked shall understand; but the wise shall understand: they shall be blinded, they know not what they do, viz. they shall not be bettered by the word, or rod, or any warnings of God, but be hardened to their ruin; but the godly shall be taught of God to understand the ways of God’ s providence, foretold by the prophets, for this is it they are always minded of and commended for; particularly in this kind of wisdom: 1. Because it is obscure. 2. Because they are…
Read Matthew Poole on Daniel 12 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsDaniel 12:10 Many shall be purified, and made white, and tried; but the wicked shall do wickedly: and none of the wicked shall understand; but the wise shall understand.Ver. 10. Many shall be purified, and made white, &c., ] q.d., It is enough for thee to know, and that I should now tell thee, quales sint futuri homines postremi saeculi, what kind of folk there shall be towards the end of the world. Some shall be good people, and they shall meet with hard measure, but all shall be for the best unto them in the end. See Daniel 11:35. Others shall be as bad, and so desperately set upon sinning that they shall mind nothing else - no, not when these prophecies are fulfilled - but be "destroyed…
Read John Trapp on Daniel 12 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(10) Many shall be purified.—See Notes on Revelation 22:11, and comp. Daniel 11:35. The words imply that all shall be fulfilled, the time of persecution shall certainly arise, the righteous will be purified, while the wicked will become apostates. The wise (see Daniel 11:33), and they only, will understand the true meaning and profit of tribulation as it is set forth in this prophecy.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Daniel 12 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 10. Many shall be purified] During the interim, the great work of God's providence and grace shall be carried on in the salvation of men; who, in the midst of trials, temptations, and difficulties, shall be purified and made white-be fully saved from their sins. None of the wicked shall understand] Because they are wicked, and will continue in their sins, the eyes of their understanding shall be closed, and their hearts hardened; so that they shall not see the light of the glorious Gospel. But the wise] Those who open their hearts to God, that he may pour in his light, shall understand the things that make for their peace.
Read AdamClarke on Daniel 12 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges10. The ‘time of the end’ characterized: it will be an age of trial and probation, in which many will come out purified and ennobled, while others will only have their wickedness confirmed. Many shall cleanse themselves, and make themselves white, and be refined] by their sufferings, and their constancy under temptation, their characters will be ennobled and refined (cf. Daniel 11:35). The two reflexives are not to be pressed unduly; but they imply that the martyrs, by their deliberate acceptance of suffering, are, to a certain degree, the agents in the purification of their characters. but the wicked shall do wickedly] The trial will have no effect upon them, beyond giving them further…
Read Cambridge on Daniel 12 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleMany shall be purified - In future times. That is, as the connection would seem to require, there will be a system introduced by which many will become purified, and made holy.
Read Albert Barnes on Daniel 12 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Many will be purified, made spotless, and refined, but the wicked will continue to act wickedly. None of the wicked will understand, but the wise will understand.
Many will purify themselves, and make themselves white, and be refined, but the wicked will do wickedly; and none of the wicked will understand, but those who are wise will understand.
Many will be purified, made spotless, and refined, but the wicked will continue to act wickedly. None of the wicked will understand, but the wise will understand.
Many will be purified, made clean, and refined, but the wicked will go on being wicked. None of the wicked will understand, though the wise will understand.
Tyndale line
Many shall be purified, and made white, and tried; but the wicked shall do wickedly: and none of the wicked shall understand; but the wise shall understand.
Many shall purify themselves, and make themselves white, and be refined; but the wicked shall do wickedly; and none of the wicked shall understand; but they that are wise shall understand.
Many shall purify themselves; and make themselves white, and be refined; but the wicked shall do wickedly; and none of the wicked shall understand: but they that be wise shall understand.
Many shall be purified, and made white, and tried; but the wicked shall do wickedly: and none of the wicked shall understand; but the wise shall understand.
Many shalbe purified, made white, and tried: but the wicked shall doe wickedly, and none of the wicked shall haue vnderstanding: but the wise shall vnderstand.
Strictly literal
Many shall be purified, and be made white, and be refined; but the wicked shall do wickedly: and none of the wicked shall understand; but the wise shall understand.
Purify themselves, yea, make themselves white, yea, refined are many: and the wicked have done wickedly, and none of the wicked understand, and those acting wisely do understand;
Purify themselves, indeed, make themselves white, indeed, many are refined: and the wicked have done wickedly, and none of the wicked understand, and those acting wisely understand;
Many shall be selected and cleansed, and purified; but the wicked will deal wickedly, and none of the wicked will understand: but the intelligent will understand.
Many will be purified, cleansed, and refined, but the wicked will act wickedly. None of the wicked will understand, but those who are wise will understand.
From the Latin
Many shall be chosen, and made white, and shall be tried as fire: and the wicked shall deal wickedly, and none of the wicked shall understand, but the learned shall understand.
Simplified
Many will be purified and cleansed and refined, but the wicked will go on being wicked. None of the wicked will understand, but the wise will understand.
Till a number are tested and make themselves clean; and the evil-doers will do evil; for not one of the evil-doers will have knowledge; but all will be made clear to those who are wise.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree, with 11 of the 12 words matched. The Septuagint's rendering reflects a similar understanding but presents the words in a different order, emphasizing its interpretative approach.
יִ֠תְבָּֽרֲרוּ וְיִֽתְלַבְּנ֤וּ וְיִצָּֽרְפוּ֙ רַבִּ֔ים וְהִרְשִׁ֣יעוּ רְשָׁעִ֔ים וְלֹ֥א יָבִ֖ינוּ כָּל־ רְשָׁעִ֑ים וְהַמַּשְׂכִּלִ֖ים יָבִֽינוּ׃
11 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Daniel 12:10
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
בָּרַר (barar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to purify, select, or choose. It encompasses a range of actions including cleansing, polishing, and testing. The word appears in various forms, such as purging or proving oneself, and is notably used in the context of making something bright or clean. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
[בָּרַר] vb. purify, select
Qal
purge out, purify
choose, select, only Pt. and in Chronicler
cleanse, make shining, polish
test, prove
Niph. purify oneself
Pi. purify
Hiph.
purify, cleanse
polish arrows
Hithp.
purify oneself
shew oneself pure, just, kind
base
H1305 [בָּרַר] purify, select .. purge out, purify
. choose, select, only Pt. and in Chronicler
. cleanse, make shining, polish
. test, prove
. purify oneself
. purify
. . purify, cleanse
. polish arrows
. . purify oneself
. shew oneself pure, just, kind
1305 barar baw-rar'
a primitive root; to clarify (i.e. brighten), examine,
select:--make bright, choice, chosen, cleanse (be clean),
clearly, polished, (shew self) pure(-ify), purge (out).
בָּרַר (ba.rar) — to purify.
1) to purify, select, polish, choose, purge, cleanse or make bright, test or prove
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to purge, purge out, purify
1a2) to choose, select
1a3) to cleanse, make shining, polish
1a4) to test, prove
1b) (Niphal) to purify oneself
1c) (Piel) to purify
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to purify
1d2) to polish arrows
1e) (Hithpael)
1e1) to purify oneself
1e2) to show oneself pure, just, kind
V-Hithpael-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Hithpael · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVti3mp
The Hebrew word לָבֵן (*laben*) has two primary meanings: to be white and to make bricks. It can refer to the process of becoming white or purifying in an ethical sense, as well as the act of making bricks. The entries indicate that it is derived from a primitive root and is used in various forms, including Hiphil and Hithpael.
[לָבֵן] vb. be white
Hiph.
make white = purify (ethical)
shew whiteness, grow white, of fig tree, stripped by locusts
Hithp. be purified
base
[לָבַן] vb. denom. make brick
base
H3835a לָבֵן be white H3835b לָבַן vb. denom. make brick
3835 laban law-ban'
a primitive root; to be (or become) white; also (as
denominative from 3843) to make bricks:--make brick, be (made,
make) white(-r).
see HEBREW for 03843
לָבֵן (la.ven) — to whiten.
1) to be white
1a) (Hiphil)
1a1) to make white, become white, purify
1a2) to show whiteness, grow white
1b) (Hithpael) to become white, be purified (ethical)
לָבַן (la.van) — to make bricks.
(Qal) to make bricks
Conj | V-Hithpael-Imperf-3mp — Conjunction · verb hithpael third person masculine pluralHC/Vtu3mp
צָרַף (tsaraph) is a Hebrew verb meaning to smelt, refine, or test. It encompasses the processes of fusing metals and proving their purity, with forms indicating both the act of refining and the role of a refiner or goldsmith. The word appears in various contexts, including both literal and figurative uses of purification.
צָרַף vb. smelt, refine, test
Qal
smelt, refine
test
test (and prove true)
as n. smelter, refiner
Niph. many shall be refined
Pi. as n. a refiner
base
H6884 צָרַף smelt, refine, test
6884 tsaraph tsaw-raf'
a primitive root; to fuse (metal), i.e. refine (literally or
figuratively):--cast, (re-)fine(-er), founder, goldsmith,
melt, pure, purge away, try.
צָרַף (tsa.raph) — to refine.
1) to smelt, refine, test
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to smelt, refine
1a2) to test
1a3) to test (and prove true)
1a4) smelter, refiner, goldsmith (participle)
1b) (Niphal) to be refined
1c) (Piel) to be a refiner
1c1) refiner (participle)
Conj | V-Niphal-Imperf-3mp — Conjunction · verb niphal third person masculine pluralHC/VNu3mp
רַב (rav) means much, many, or great, often used in contrast to מְעַט (me'at). It can describe abundance in quantity or rank and is also used as a noun for chief or captain. The word conveys a range of meanings from numerous to exceedingly, and it can function as both an adjective and a noun.
רַב 429 adj. much, many, great
(oft. opp. מְעַט)
much: of substances
esp. of collectives, numerous
pl. many
רַב as subst. coll. pers.
cstr. = abounding in
מִן comp. = more numerous than
רַב = abundant, enough
as adv. much, exceedingly
less oft. great
base
רַב 49 n.m. chief
base
H7227a רַב much, many, great . (oft. opp. מְעַט) . . much: of substances
. esp. of collectives, numerous
. pl. many
. רַב as subst. coll. pers.
. cstr. = abounding in
. + מִן comp. = more numerous than
. רַב = abundant, enough
. as adv. much, exceedingly
. less oft. great
H7227b רַב chief
7227 rab rab
by contracted from 7231; abundant (in quantity, size, age,
number, rank, quality):--(in) abound(-undance, -ant, -antly),
captain, elder, enough, exceedingly, full, great(-ly, man,
one), increase, long (enough, (time)), (do, have) many(-ifold,
things, a time), ((ship-))master, mighty, more, (too, very)
much, multiply(-tude), officer, often(-times), plenteous,
populous, prince, process (of time), suffice(-lent).
see HEBREW for 07231
רַב (rav) — many.
adj
1) much, many, great
1a) much
1b) many
1c) abounding in
1d) more numerous than
1e) abundant, enough
1f) great
1g) strong
1h) greater than
adv
1i) much, exceedingly
רַב (rav) — chief.
captain, chief
Aramaic equivalent: rav.re.van (רַבְרְבָן "noble" H7261)
רַב (rav) — (Sidon) the Great.
Combined with tsi.don (צִידוֹן "Sidon" H6721H)
§ captain, chief
Adj — AdjHAampa
pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (about 2,000 times), with le'om, and goy, next in order; but the various Hebrew words are used with very little or no difference in force (e.g. Pr 14:28; but, on the other hand, in Ps 44 contrast verses 12 and 14). Of the changes introduced by the Revised Version (British and American) the only one of significance (cited explicitly in the Preface to the English Revised Version) is the frequent use of the plural "peoples" (strangely avoided in the King James Version except Re 10:11; 17:15), where other nations than Israel are in question. So, for instance, in Ps…
רָשַׁע (rasha`) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be wicked or to act wickedly. It covers various aspects of wrongdoing, including being guilty and condemning others in both civil and ethical contexts. The entries indicate a distinction between its basic meaning of wickedness and its implications of guilt and condemnation.
[רָשַׁע] vb. denom. be wicked, act wickedly
Qal
be wicked, act wickedly
be guilty
Hiph.
condemn as guilty, in civil relations
condemn as guilty, in ethical and religious relations
act wickedly, in ethics and religious
base
H7561 רָשַׁע vb. denom. be wicked, act wickedly .. be wicked, act wickedly
. be guilty
. . condemn as guilty, in civil relations
. condemn as guilty, in ethical and religious relations
. act wickedly, in ethics and religious
7561 rasha` raw-shah'
a primitive root; to be (causatively, do or declare) wrong;
by implication, to disturb, violate:--condemn, make trouble,
vex, be (commit, deal, depart, do) wicked(-ly, -ness).
רָשַׁע (ra.sah) — be wicked.
1) to be wicked, act wickedly
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be wicked, act wickedly
1a2) to be guilty, be condemned
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to condemn as guilty (in civil relations)
1b2) to condemn as guilty (in ethical or religious relations)
1b3) to act wickedly (in ethics and religion)
Conj | V-Hiphil-3cp — Verb · Hiphil · sequential perfect third person common pluralHc/Vhq3cp
רָשָׁע (rasha`) refers to someone who is wicked or criminal, encompassing meanings such as guilty and ungodly. It is derived from a root that implies moral wrongdoing. The term is used to describe individuals who are hostile to God or guilty of sin against others.
רָשָׁע 263 adj. wicked, criminal
base
H7563 רָשָׁע wicked, criminal
7563 rasha` raw-shaw'
from 7561; morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad
person:--+ condemned, guilty, ungodly, wicked (man), that did
wrong.
see HEBREW for 07561
רָשָׁע (ra.sah) — wicked.
1) wicked, criminal
1a) guilty one, one guilty of crime (subst)
1b) wicked (hostile to God)
1c) wicked, guilty of sin (against God or man)
Adj — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Conj | Part — Conjunction · particleHC/Tn
בִּין (biyn) is a Hebrew verb meaning to discern or understand. It encompasses a range of meanings including perceiving, considering, and teaching, with various forms indicating different nuances, such as being intelligent or discreet. The entries highlight its use in contexts requiring mental separation or insight, but do not present any significant disagreement among lexicographers.
בִּין vb. discern
Qal
perceive
understand, know (with mind)
observe, mark, give heed to, distinguish, consider (with attention)
have discernment, insight, understanding
Niph. be intelligent, discreet, discerning, distinguish, have understanding
Po. he attentively considereth him
Hiph.
understand
give heed to, attend to, observe, discern
give understanding, make understand, teach
Hithp.
shew oneself attentive, consider diligently
get understanding, understand
shew oneself to have understanding
base
H995 בִּין discern .. perceive
. understand, know (with mind)
. observe, mark, give heed to, distinguish, consider (with attention)
. have discernment, insight, understanding
. be intelligent, discreet, discerning, distinguish, have understanding
. he attentively considereth him
. . understand
. give heed to, attend to, observe, discern
. give understanding, make understand, teach
. . shew oneself attentive, consider diligently
. get understanding, understand
. shew oneself to have understanding
995 biyn bene
a primitive root; to separate mentally (or distinguish),
i.e.(generally) understand:--attend, consider, be cunning,
diligently, direct, discern, eloquent, feel, inform, instruct,
have intelligence, know, look well to, mark, perceive, be
prudent, regard, (can) skill(-full), teach, think, (cause,
make to, get, give, have) understand(-ing), view, (deal)
wise(-ly, man).
בִּין (bin) — to understand.
1) to discern, understand, consider
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to perceive, discern
1a2) to understand, know (with the mind)
1a3) to observe, mark, give heed to, distinguish, consider
1a4) to have discernment, insight, understanding
1b) (Niphal) to be discerning, intelligent, discreet, have understanding
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to understand
1c2) to cause to understand, give understanding, teach
1d) (Hithpolel) to show oneself discerning or attentive, consider diligently
1e) (Polel) to teach, instruct
2) (TWOT) prudent, regard
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
HNcmsc — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
רָשָׁע (rasha`) refers to someone who is wicked or criminal, encompassing meanings such as guilty and ungodly. It is derived from a root that implies moral wrongdoing. The term is used to describe individuals who are hostile to God or guilty of sin against others.
רָשָׁע 263 adj. wicked, criminal
base
H7563 רָשָׁע wicked, criminal
7563 rasha` raw-shaw'
from 7561; morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad
person:--+ condemned, guilty, ungodly, wicked (man), that did
wrong.
see HEBREW for 07561
רָשָׁע (ra.sah) — wicked.
1) wicked, criminal
1a) guilty one, one guilty of crime (subst)
1b) wicked (hostile to God)
1c) wicked, guilty of sin (against God or man)
Adj — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
The Hebrew word שָׂכַל (*sakal*) is a primitive root meaning to be prudent or circumspect. It encompasses a range of meanings including to consider, understand, teach, and prosper. The word can also refer to laying something crosswise in its Piel form. Notably, it appears in contexts that emphasize insight and wisdom.
שָׂכַל vb. be prudent
Qal be prudent, circumspect
Hiph.
look at
give attention to, consider, ponder
have insight, comprehension
cause to consider, give insight, teach
act circumspectly, prudently
H7919a שָׂכַל be prudent .be prudent, circumspect
. . look at
. give attention to, consider, ponder
. have insight, comprehension
. cause to consider, give insight, teach
. act circumspectly, prudently
. prosper, have success
. cause to prosper
H7919b שָׂכַל Pi. lay crosswise
7919 sakal saw-kal'
a primitive root; to be (causatively, make or act)
circumspect and hence, intelligent:--consider, expert,
instruct, prosper, (deal) prudent(-ly), (give) skill(-ful),
have good success, teach, (have, make to) understand(-ing),
wisdom, (be, behave self, consider, make) wise(- ly), guide
wittingly.
שָׂכַל (sa.khal) — be prudent.
1) to be prudent, be circumspect, wisely understand, prosper
1a) (Qal) to be prudent, be circumspect
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to look at or upon, have insight
1b2) to give attention to, consider, ponder, be prudent
1b3) to have insight, have comprehension
1b3a) insight, comprehension (subst)
1b4) to cause to consider, give insight, teach
1b4a) the teachers, the wise
1b5) to act circumspectly, act prudently, act wisely
1b6) to prosper, have success
1b7) to cause to prosper
Aramaic equivalent: se.khal (שְׂכַל "to contemplate" H7920)
שָׂכַל (sa.khal) — to cross hands.
(Piel) to lay crosswise, cross (hands)
Conj | Art | V-Hiphil — Conjunction · particle · verb hiphil participle (active) masculine pluralHC/Td/Vhrmpa
בִּין (biyn) is a Hebrew verb meaning to discern or understand. It encompasses a range of meanings including perceiving, considering, and teaching, with various forms indicating different nuances, such as being intelligent or discreet. The entries highlight its use in contexts requiring mental separation or insight, but do not present any significant disagreement among lexicographers.
בִּין vb. discern
Qal
perceive
understand, know (with mind)
observe, mark, give heed to, distinguish, consider (with attention)
have discernment, insight, understanding
Niph. be intelligent, discreet, discerning, distinguish, have understanding
Po. he attentively considereth him
Hiph.
understand
give heed to, attend to, observe, discern
give understanding, make understand, teach
Hithp.
shew oneself attentive, consider diligently
get understanding, understand
shew oneself to have understanding
base
H995 בִּין discern .. perceive
. understand, know (with mind)
. observe, mark, give heed to, distinguish, consider (with attention)
. have discernment, insight, understanding
. be intelligent, discreet, discerning, distinguish, have understanding
. he attentively considereth him
. . understand
. give heed to, attend to, observe, discern
. give understanding, make understand, teach
. . shew oneself attentive, consider diligently
. get understanding, understand
. shew oneself to have understanding
995 biyn bene
a primitive root; to separate mentally (or distinguish),
i.e.(generally) understand:--attend, consider, be cunning,
diligently, direct, discern, eloquent, feel, inform, instruct,
have intelligence, know, look well to, mark, perceive, be
prudent, regard, (can) skill(-full), teach, think, (cause,
make to, get, give, have) understand(-ing), view, (deal)
wise(-ly, man).
בִּין (bin) — to understand.
1) to discern, understand, consider
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to perceive, discern
1a2) to understand, know (with the mind)
1a3) to observe, mark, give heed to, distinguish, consider
1a4) to have discernment, insight, understanding
1b) (Niphal) to be discerning, intelligent, discreet, have understanding
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to understand
1c2) to cause to understand, give understanding, teach
1d) (Hithpolel) to show oneself discerning or attentive, consider diligently
1e) (Polel) to teach, instruct
2) (TWOT) prudent, regard
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
