Nehemiah 10:23 — Word Study
WLCהוֹשֵׁ֥עַ חֲנַנְיָ֖ה חַשּֽׁוּב׃
BSAPelatiahPᵉlaṭyâh HananChânân AnaiahʻĂnâyâh
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| הוֹשֵׁ֥עַ | Hoshea | Noun proper masculine |
| חֲנַנְיָ֖ה | Hananiah | Noun proper masculine |
| חַשּֽׁוּב׃ | Hasshub | Noun proper masculine |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Hoshea, Hananiah, Hasshub, |
| KJV | Hoshea, Hananiah, Hashub, |
| ASV | Hoshea, Hananiah, Hasshub, |
| YLT | Hoshea, Hananiah, Hashub, |
| WEB | Hoshea, Hananiah, Hasshub, |
| BBE | Hoshea, Hananiah, Hasshub, |
All translations agree on the rendering of the names in this verse.
The verse consists of a single main clause listing the names without additional verbs or phrases.
1 commentators on this verse
Jamieson & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Nehemiah 10:23
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Leaders of the Communitygenerated
Nehemiah 10:23 lists the names of individuals who were significant in the post-exilic community. This verse highlights the importance of leadership and the commitment of these individuals to the covenant and the restoration of Jerusalem after the Babylonian exile. Their names are part of a larger list of those who sealed the covenant with Nehemiah, emphasizing the unity and dedication of the people during this critical time.
Cross References
The Key Word — הוֹשֵׁעַ, ho.She.a'generated
The name הוֹשֵׁעַ (Hoshea) means 'salvation' and is derived from the root that signifies 'to deliver'. This name was common among several Israelites, including Joshua and the last king of Israel. In this context, it reflects the hope for deliverance and restoration within the community.
The parsing as a noun proper masculine indicates that this is a personal name, which carries significance in the narrative of Nehemiah. The name's association with salvation connects it to the broader themes of redemption and divine intervention in Israel's history.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The structure of this verse is straightforward, consisting of a noun phrase that serves as the subject. The finite verb is absent, as it is a list of names, which is typical in Hebrew prose for enumerating individuals.
The names are presented in a simple list format, emphasizing their equal importance in the community. This structure highlights the collective identity of the leaders during the restoration of Jerusalem.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, הוֹשֵׁעַ is rendered as φαλτια, which does not carry the same meaning of 'salvation' but functions as a proper name. This choice reflects a transliteration rather than a translation, indicating the name's established identity in the Greek-speaking Jewish community.
The other names, חֲנַנְיָה and חַשּׁוּב, are also transliterated, showing the Septuagint's approach to preserving the original names while adapting them for Greek readers.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Nehemiah 10:23 lists three leaders in the community: Hoshea, Hananiah, and Hasshub. These names represent individuals who played a role in the restoration of Jerusalem after the exile, reflecting their commitment to the covenant and the rebuilding efforts.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Hoshea means 'salvation' and is associated with several figures in the Old Testament, reflecting hope for deliverance.
Hananiah means 'God has favored' and refers to various individuals, while Hasshub means 'considerate' and is linked to those who helped rebuild Jerusalem.
These names represent leaders who were committed to the restoration of the community and the covenant with God, highlighting their role in Nehemiah's efforts.
The names signify the unity and dedication of the people during a critical time in their history, emphasizing their collective commitment to rebuilding Jerusalem.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can I learn from the leaders mentioned in this verse about commitment to community?
- How can the meaning of the name Hoshea inspire me in my own life?
- In what ways can I reflect the qualities of favor and consideration represented by Hananiah and Hasshub?
- How does understanding the historical context of these names enhance my reading of Nehemiah?
Commentators on this verse — 1 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Nehemiah 10:23 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentarySeraiah, Azariah, Jeremiah, No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on Nehemiah 10 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hasshub,
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hasshub,
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hasshub,
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hasshub,
Tyndale line
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hashub,
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hasshub,
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hasshub;
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hashub,
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hashub,
Strictly literal
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hashub,
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hashub,
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hashub,
(10:24) Hoshea', Chanayah, Chasshub,
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hasshub,
From the Latin
Osee, Hanania, Hasub,
Simplified
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hasshub,
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hasshub,
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text lists the names as הוֹשֵׁעַ חֲנַנְיָה חַשּׁוּב. The Septuagint agrees with the Masoretic Text in the names, indicating consistency across these ancient witnesses.
הוֹשֵׁ֥עַ חֲנַנְיָ֖ה חַשּֽׁוּב׃
3 of the 3 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Nehemiah 10:23
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
הוֹשֵׁעַ (Howshea`) means 'salvation' and is associated with several figures in the Old Testament, including Joshua, the last king of Israel, and the prophet Hosea. The name appears in various contexts, such as the Divided Monarchy and the time of Nehemiah. It is derived from the root meaning 'deliverer' and is linked to multiple individuals, including a chief under David and another under Nehemiah.
הוֹשֵׁעַ n.pr.m. (salvation)
orig. name of Joshua
last king of Israel
the prophet Hosea
an Ephraimite chief under David
a chief under Nehemiah
base
H1954 הוֹשֵׁעַ (salvation) . orig. name of Joshua
. last king of Israel
. the prophet Hosea
. an Ephraimite chief under David
. a chief under Nehemiah
1954 Howshea` ho-shay'-ah
from 3467; deliverer; Hoshea, the name of five
Israelites:--Hosea, Hoshea, Oshea.
see HEBREW for 03467
הוֹשֵׁעַ (ho.she.a) — Hoshea.
A king of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.15.30;
son of: Elah (H0425I)
§ Hosea or Hoshea or Oshea = "salvation"
1) family name of Joshua, the son of Nun
2) the 19th and last king of the northern kingdom of Israel
3) son of Beeri, and the first of the minor prophets; prophet to the northern kingdom of Israel in the reign of Jeroboam II
4) a son of Azaziah, a chief of Ephraim in the time of David
5) an Israelite chief who sealed the covenant with Nehemiah
הוֹשֵׁעַ (ho.she.a) — Hoshea.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.27.20;
son of: Azaziah (H5812H)
§ Hosea or Hoshea or Oshea = "salvation"
1) family name of Joshua, the son of Nun
2) the 19th and last king of the northern kingdom of Israel
HNpm — Noun proper masculineHNpm
ho-she'-a (hoshea`, "salvation"; Hosee, 2Ki 17:1-9):
1. A Satrap of Assyria:
Son of Elah, the 19th and last king of Israel. The time was one of social revolution and dynastic change. Of the last five kings of Israel, four had met their deaths by violence. Hoshea himself was one of these assassins (2Ki 15:30), and the nominee of Tiglath-pileser III, whose annals read, "Pekah I slew, Hoshea I appointed over them." Though called king, Hoshea was thus really a satrap of Assyria and held his appointment only during good behavior. The realm which he administered was but the shadow of its former self. Tiglath-pileser had already carried into captivity the northern tribes of Zebulun, Naphtali, Asher and Dan; as also the two and a half tribes East of the Jordan (
Hoshea
Salvation. (1.) The original name of the son of Nun, afterwards called Joshua (Num. 13:8, 16; Deut. 32:44).
(2.) 1 Chr. 27:20. The ruler of Ephraim in David’s time.
(3.) The last king of Israel. He conspired against and slew his predecessor, Pekah (Isa. 7:16), but did not ascend the throne till after an interregnum of warfare of eight years (2 Kings 17:1, 2). Soon after this he submitted to Shalmaneser, the Assyrian king, who a second time invaded the land to punish Hoshea, because of his withholding tribute which he had promised to pay. A second revolt brought back the Assyrian king Sargon, who besieged Samaria…
(salvation). The nineteenth, last and best king of Israel. He succeeded Pekah, whom he slew in a successful conspiracy, thereby fulfilling a prophecy of Isaiah. (Isaiah 7:16) In the third year of his reign (B.C. 726) Shalmaneser cruelly stormed the strong caves of Beth-arbel, (Hosea 8:14) and made cruel tributary, (2 Kings 17:3) for three years. At the end of this period Hoshea entered into a secret alliance with So, king, of Egypt, to throw off the Assyrian yoke. The alliance did him no good; it was revealed, to the court of Nineveh by the Assyrian party in Ephraim, and Hoshea was immediately seized as a rebellious vasal, shut up in prison, and apparently treated with the utmost indignity. (Micah 5:1) Of the subsequent fortunes…
The last king of Israel, the successor of Pekah, whom he slew, 2Ki 15:30, B. C. 730. He reigned nine years, and was then carried away captive by Shalmaneser, 2Ki 17:1-6; 18:9-12, B.C. 721.
חֲנַנְיָ֫הוּ (Chananyah) means 'God has favored' and refers to various individuals in the Old Testament, including a companion of Daniel, a captain in Uzziah's army, and a false prophet during Jeremiah's time. The name appears in multiple contexts, indicating its use among several postexilic figures. Notably, it is associated with thirteen Israelites, reflecting its popularity.
חֲנַנְיָ֫הוּ, חֲנַנְיָה n.pr.m. (י׳ hath been gracious)
father of a prince under Jehoiakim
captain of Uzziah's army
chief of one of the divisions of musicians of David
a false prophet of Jeremiah's time
one of the three companions of Daniel
grandfather of an officer of the guard in Jeremiah's time
a son of Zerubbabel
a Benjamite
various postexilic persons
base
חֲנַנְיָה n.pr.m. (= BH id. [h.dz.ao] 5);—Dn 2:17.
done
H2608a חֲנַנְיָ֫הוּ, חֲנַנְיָה (י׳ hath been gracious) . father of a prince under Jehoiakim
. captain of Uzziah's army
. chief of one of the divisions of musicians of David
. a false prophet of Jeremiah's time
. one of the three companions of Daniel
. grandfather of an officer of the guard in Jeremiah's time
. a son of Zerubbabel
. a Benjamite
. various postexilic persons
H2608b חֲנַנְיָה (= BH id. [2608a] 5)
2608 Chananyah khan-an-yaw'
or Chananyahuw {khan-an-yaw'-hoo}; from 2603 and 3050; Jah
has favored; Chananjah, the name of thirteen
Israelites:--Hananiah.
see HEBREW for 02603
see HEBREW for 03050
חֲנַנְיָ֫הוּ (cha.nan.yah) — Hananiah.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.28.1;
son of: Azzur (H5809H)
§ Hananiah = "God has favoured"
1) the godly friend of Daniel whom Nebuchadnezzar renamed Shadrach; one of the three friends who with Daniel refused to make themselves unclean by eating food from the king's table which went against the dietary laws which God had given the Jews; also one of the three who were thrown into the fiery furnace for refusing to bow down to a graven image of Nebuchadnezzar and who were saved by the angel of the Lord. See also, 'Shadrach' (H07714 or H07715)
2) one of the 14 sons of Heman and chief of the 16th course
3) a general in the army of King Uzziah
4) father of Zedekiah in the time of Jehoiakim
5) son of Azur, a Benjamite of Gibeon and a false prophet in the reign of Zedekiah king of Judah
HNpm — Noun proper masculineHNpm
han-a-ni'-a (chananyahu, chananyah; Ananias; also with aspirate, "Yahweh hath been gracious"): This was a common name in Israel for many centuries.
(1) A Benjamite (1Ch 8:24).
(2) A captain of Uzziah's army (2Ch 26:11).
(3) Father of one of the princes under Jehoiakim (Jer 36:12).
(4) One of the sons of Heman and leader of the 16th division of David's musicians (1Ch 25:4,23).
(5) Grandfather of the officer of the guard which apprehended Jeremiah on a charge of desertion (Jer 37:13).
(6) A false prophet of Gibeon, son of Azzur, who opposed Jeremiah, predicting that the yoke of Babylon would be broken in two years, and that…
Hananiah
Jehovah has given. (1.) A chief of the tribe of Benjamin (1 Chr. 8:24). (2.) One of the sons of Heman (1 Chr. 25:4,23). (3.) One of Uzziah’s military officers (2 Chr. 26:11). (4.) Grandfather of the captain who arrested Jeremiah (Jer. 37:13). (5.) Jer. 36:12. (6.) Neh. 10:23. (7.) Shadrach, one of the “three Hebrew children” (Dan. 1; 6:7). (8.) Son of Zerubbabel (1 Chr. 3:19, 21). (9.) Ezra 10:28. (10.) The “ruler of the palace; he was a faithful…
(gift of God). One of the fourteen sons of Heman, and chief of the sixteenth course of singers. (1 Chronicles 25:4,5,23) (B.C. 1014.) A general in the army of King Uzziah. (2 Chronicles 26:11) Father of Zedekiah, in the reign of Jehoiakim. (B.C. before 605.) Son of Azur, a Benjamite of Gibeon and a false prophet in the reign of Zedekiah king of Judah. In the fourth year of his reign, B.C. 595, Hananiah withstood Jeremiah the prophet, and publicly prophesied in the temple that within two years Jeconiah and all his fellow captives with the vessels of the Lord’s house, should be brought back to Jerusalem. (Jeremiah 28:1) ... Hananiah corroborated his prophecy by taking from off the neck of Jeremiah the yoke which he wore by…
1. A false prophet of Gibeon, who for his impious hardihood was overtaken with speedy death, according to the word of God, Jer 28:15-17.
2. The Hebrew name of Shadrach.
3. A pious and faithful officer under Nehemiah, Ne 7:2.
חַשּׁוּב (Chashshuwb) refers to a name meaning 'considerate' and is associated with several individuals during the Exile and Return period. The entries identify him as a Levite chief and a builder of the wall of Jerusalem, with mentions in 1 Chronicles and Nehemiah. The name appears in different contexts, including those who sealed the covenant with Nehemiah.
חַשּׁוּב n.pr.m. (considerate)
a Levite chief
builders at the wall
base
H2815 חַשּׁוּב
2815 Chashshuwb khash-shoob'
from 2803; intelligent; Chashshub, the name of two or three
Israelites:--Hashub, Hasshub.
see HEBREW for 02803
חַשּׁוּב (chash.shuv) — Hasshub.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at 1Ch.9.14;
son of: Azrikam (H5840I);
father of: Shemaiah (H8098E)
§ Hashub = "considerate"
1) a Merarite Levite chief, son of Azrikam
2) a son of Pahath-moab who assisted in the repair of the wall of Jerusalem
3) a man who assisted in the repair of the wall of Jerusalem; may be same as 2 above
4) one of the heads of the people who sealed the covenant with Nehemiah
חַשּׁוּב (chash.shuv) — Hasshub.
A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Neh.3.11;
son of: Pahath-moab (H6355H)
§ Hashub = "considerate"
1) a Merarite Levite chief, son of Azrikam
2) a son of Pahath-moab who assisted in the repair of the wall of Jerusalem
3) a man who assisted in the repair of the wall of Jerusalem; may be same as 2 above
HNpm — Noun proper masculineHNpm