Menu

Proverbs 29:7 — Word Study

Depth

WLCיֹדֵ֣עַ צַ֭דִּיק דִּ֣ין דַּלִּ֑ים רָ֝שָׁ֗ע לֹא־ יָבִ֥ין דָּֽעַת׃

BSAThe righteoustsaddîyq [just, upright, having God's nature] consideryâdaʻ [take knowledge of, understand] the causedîyn [judgment, plea, legal suit] of the poordal [weak, needy, destitute] but the wickedrâshâʻ [morally wrong, guilty, sinful] have nolôʼ regardbîyn [do not pay attention, are not concerned] for such concernsdaʻath [knowledge, understanding, justice]

Word
Listen & take awayProverbs 29
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 7 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (Da.'at) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Proverbs 29:7quick helps
In a sentenceThe righteous actively understand the plight of the poor, while the wicked show no concern.
Who is speakingThe writer of Proverbs, contrasting the behavior of the righteous and the wicked.
Where we areIn a section discussing moral behavior and social justice.
The hard wordיֹדֵ֣עַ
Take awayThe righteous are called to understand and act on behalf of the needy.
7 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectצַדִּיק verbיָדַע The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Proverbs 29:7

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Social Justice in Proverbsgenerated

6An evil man is caught by his own sin, but a righteous one sings and rejoices.
7The righteous consider the cause of the poor, but the wicked have no regard for such concerns.
8Mockers inflame a city, but the wise turn away anger.
9If a wise man goes to court with a fool, there will be raving and laughing with no resolution.

Proverbs 29:7 highlights the contrasting attitudes of the righteous and the wicked towards the poor. The righteous are depicted as those who take knowledge of and understand the plight of the needy, while the wicked are indifferent. This verse emphasizes the moral responsibility to care for those in need, a recurring theme throughout Proverbs and other wisdom literature, such as in Psalm 41:1.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Job 29:16I was a father to the needy, and I took up the case of the stranger.
2Job 31:13–21If I have rejected the cause of my manservant or maidservant when they made a complaint against me,
3Psalm 31:7I will be glad and rejoice in Your loving devotion, for You have seen my affliction; You have known the anguish of my soul.
4Psalm 41:1Blessed is the one who cares for the poor; the LORD will deliver him in the day of trouble.
5Galatians 6:1Brothers, if someone is caught in a trespass, you who are spiritual should restore him with a spirit of gentleness. But watch yourself, or you also may be tempted.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 11 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word יֹדֵ֣עַ, yo.De.a'generated

The word יָדַע (yada`) is a participle meaning 'knowing' and conveys a sense of active understanding and perception. It is used in various contexts, indicating not just knowledge but also recognition and discernment of situations or people. In this verse, it underscores the righteous person's active engagement with the needs of the poor.

This participle is in the masculine singular form, indicating a specific individual or group that embodies the quality of knowing. It reflects a deeper moral obligation to understand and respond to the needs of others, particularly the vulnerable.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against. The BSB uses consider for יֹדֵ֣עַ, and this is also reflected in the KJV and ASV.

Where the translations differ is in the rendering of צַ֭דִּיקjust (DRA) and upright (BBE) are the alternatives. The core meaning remains consistent across translations, focusing on the nature of the righteous.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb, יֹדֵ֣עַ, knowing, governs the clause, with two subjects: צַ֭דִּיק (the righteous) and רָ֝שָׁ֗ע (the wicked). The structure contrasts their actions regarding the poor, with the righteous actively knowing and the wicked lacking understanding.

The sentence structure emphasizes the actions of the subjects, highlighting the moral dichotomy between the righteous and the wicked in their treatment of the needy.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates יֹדֵ֣עַ as ἐπίσταται (epistatai), which means 'understands' or 'is aware of.' This choice indicates a similar emphasis on knowledge but may suggest a slightly broader understanding than the Hebrew, which focuses on active knowledge.

This translation choice reflects a consistent theme in the Greek version of emphasizing moral awareness and responsibility towards others.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Proverbs 29:7 teaches that the righteous care about the needs of the poor and actively understand their situation, while the wicked do not pay attention to these concerns. This verse encourages a moral responsibility to help those in need.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean for the righteous to consider the cause of the poor?

It means they actively understand and take action regarding the needs and struggles of the poor, showing compassion and justice.

Why are the wicked described as having no regard for the poor?

The wicked are indifferent and do not concern themselves with the needs of others, reflecting a moral failing.

How does this verse relate to other teachings in Proverbs?

It aligns with the broader themes in Proverbs that emphasize justice, compassion, and the moral duties of individuals towards those in need.

What can we learn from the contrast between the righteous and the wicked?

We learn the importance of being aware of and responding to the needs of others, particularly the vulnerable in society.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways can I better understand the needs of those around me?
  2. How can I actively show compassion to the poor in my community?
  3. What are some barriers that prevent me from considering the plight of the needy?
  4. How does my understanding of righteousness influence my actions towards others?

Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Proverbs 29:7 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

The righteous considereth the cause of the poor,.... Not his poverty and distress, so as to relieve him, which yet he does, Psalms 41:1; nor the person of the poor in judgment, and which he ought not

Read John Gill on Proverbs 29 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

The righteous considereth the cause of the poor: but the wicked regardeth not to know it. The righteous considereth the cause of the poor (Psalms 41:1): (but) the wicked regardeth not to know it.

Read Robert Jamieson on Proverbs 29 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

The righteous, whether magistrate, or any private person concerned to know it, and capable of helping him in it, considereth the cause of the poor; his poverty neither hinders him from taking pains to examine it, nor from a righteous determination of it. Regardeth not to know it; will not put himself to the trouble of searching it out, either because it yields him no profit, or because he resolves to give away his right.

Read Matthew Poole on Proverbs 29 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Proverbs 29:7 The righteous considereth the cause of the poor: [but] the wicked regardeth not to know [it].Ver. 7. The righteous considereth the cause of the poor.] The cause, not the person of the poor, for that is forbidden in the law. The great must not be favoured for their might, nor the mean for their misery, but justice, justice must be done to all, as Moses hath it; that is, even law and execution of right - as the oath runs that is given to our judges - without respect of persons. The cause of the poor and needy must come into equal balance with the rich and mighty, lest he be trampled on by those fat bulls of Bashan, to his utter undoing. For a poor man in his house is like a…

Read John Trapp on Proverbs 29 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(7) The wicked regardeth not to know it.—Literally, understandeth not knowledge; he does not know nor care to know anything about his poorer neighbour’s affairs, so as to be able to help him. He cares as little about him as did Dives about Lazarus, though he saw him each time he went out of his own door.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Proverbs 29 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

7. the cause] the judicial cause in a court of law. Comp. Deuteronomy 17:8, where the same Heb. word is rendered plea. regardeth not] Or, hath not understanding, R.V. Either does not take the trouble, as the righteous does, to look into the case; or, has not the moral perception to grasp its bearings.

Read Cambridge on Proverbs 29 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

7. Considereth the cause — Pleadeth it. The expression is used in a forensic sense. Wicked regardeth not to know — Will not take pains to obtain a knowledge of the cause, much less “consider” or plead it.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Proverbs 29 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

The righteous consider the cause of the poor, but the wicked have no regard for such concerns.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

The righteous care about justice for the poor. The wicked aren’t concerned about knowledge.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

The righteous consider the cause of the poor, but the wicked have no regard for such concerns.

NETBNew English Translation2006

The righteous person cares for the legal rights of the poor; the wicked does not understand such knowledge.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

The righteous considereth the cause of the poor: but the wicked regardeth not to know it.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

The righteous taketh knowledge of the cause of the poor; The wicked hath not understanding to know it.

RVARevised Version, American1894

The righteous taketh knowledge of the cause of the poor: the wicked hath not understanding to know it.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

The righteous considereth the cause of the poor: but the wicked regardeth not to know it .

GNVGeneva Bible1599

The righteous knoweth the cause of the poore: but the wicked regardeth not knowledge.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

The righteous taketh knowledge of the cause of the poor; the wicked understandeth not knowledge.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

The righteous knoweth the plea of the poor, The wicked understandeth not knowledge.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

The righteous knows the plea of the poor, || The wicked does not understand knowledge.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

The righteous considereth the cause of the indigent: but the wicked will not understand the knowledge [of justice].

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

The righteous person knows the rights of the poor; the wicked person does not understand such knowledge.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

The just taketh notice of the cause of the poor: the wicked is void of knowledge.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Good people care about treating the poor fairly, but the wicked don't think about it at all.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

The upright man gives attention to the cause of the poor: the evil-doer gives no thought to it.

Word by word, the decisions they made

צַ֭דִּיקTza.dik a righteous [person] H6662 2 different renderings
justDRA
uprightBBE

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseverbיֹדֵ֣עַ[is].knowingsubjectצַ֭דִּיקa.righteous.[person]noun phrase · objectדִּ֣ין[the].caseדַּלִּ֑יםof.poor.[people]clausesubjectרָ֝שָׁ֗עa.wicked.[person]adverbialלֹאnotverbיָבִ֥יןhe.understandsobjectדָּֽעַתknowledge

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording for this verse, with six of the eight words matching. The Septuagint's word order and articles differ, but the core message remains intact, emphasizing the contrasting attitudes of the righteous and the wicked.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

יֹדֵ֣עַ צַ֭דִּיק דִּ֣ין דַּלִּ֑ים רָ֝שָׁ֗ע לֹא־ יָבִ֥ין דָּֽעַת׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
יֹדֵ֣עַἐπίσταταιצַ֭דִּיקδίκαιοςדִּ֣יןκρίνεινדַּלִּ֑יםπενιξροῖςלֹא־οὐדָּֽעַת׃γνῶσιν

6 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Proverbs 29:7יָדַע[is] knowin[is] knowingיָדַעצַדִּיקa righteousa righteous [peצַדִּיקדִּין[the] case [the] case ofדִּיןדַּלpoor [peoplpoor [people]דַּלרָשָׁעa wicked [pa wicked [persoרָשָׁעלֹאnotnotלֹאבִּיןhe understahe understandsבִּיןדַּ֫עַתknowledgeknowledgeדַּ֫עַתדִּיןto judgeto judgeדִּיןצָדֵקto justifyto justifyצָדֵקדָּלַלto languisto languishדָּלַלרָשַׁעbe wickedbe wickedרָשַׁעיָדַעto knowto knowיָדַעאֲנִיIIאֲנִיבִּיןto understto understandבִּיןרָשָׁעwickedwickedרָשָׁעעָ֫וֶלinjusticeinjusticeעָ֫וֶלעָשִׁירrichrichעָשִׁיראֶבְיוֹןneedyneedyאֶבְיוֹןצַדִּיקrighteousrighteousצַדִּיקאָבַדto perishto perishאָבַדיָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלעוֹדstillstillעוֹדדַּ֫עַתknowledgeknowledgeדַּ֫עַתחָכָםwisewiseחָכָםבְּלִיwithoutwithoutבְּלִי
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Proverbs 29:7

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

[is] knowing a righteous [person] [the] case of poor [people] a wicked [person] not he understands knowledge
יֹדֵ֣עַyo.De.a' [is] knowing H3045 Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singular
945× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for to know means to ascertain by seeing, and is used in many senses, including to learn, perceive, and recognize, as seen in various KJV translations.
Amplified meaning
take knowledge of, understand
Tyndale gloss
to know
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָדַע (yada`) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to know,' encompassing a wide range of senses including perception, recognition, and experience. It can refer to knowing someone intimately or being skilled in a task. The word has various forms, indicating actions such as making known or being made known. Lexicons note its use in both literal and figurative contexts, but there is no significant disagreement among them.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָדַע 943 vb. know

Qal

know, learn to know

perceive

perceive and see; find out and discern

discriminate, distinguish

know by experience

recognize, admit, acknowledge, confess

consider

not know = not expect

know a person, be acquainted with

know a person carnally, of sexual intercourse

know how, to do a thing, be able to do it

be skilful in

abs. have knowledge, be wise

Niph.

be made known, be or become known, of things

make oneself known of pers.

be perceived

be instructed

Pi. cause to know

Pu. known

Hiph. make known, declare

Hoph. made known

Hithp. make oneself known

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3045 יָדַע know .. . know, learn to know

. perceive

. perceive and see; find out and discern

. discriminate, distinguish

. know by experience

. recognize, admit, acknowledge, confess

. consider

. not know = not expect

. know a person, be acquainted with

. know a person carnally, of sexual intercourse

. . know how, to do a thing, be able to do it

. be skilful in

. abs. have knowledge, be wise

. . be made known, be or become known, of things

. make oneself known of pers.

. be perceived

. be instructed

. cause to know

. known

. make known, declare

. made known

. make oneself known

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3045 yada` yaw-dah'

a primitive root; to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing);

used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally,

euphemistically and inferentially (including observation,

care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation,

punishment, etc.) (as follow):--acknowledge, acquaintance(-ted

with), advise, answer, appoint, assuredly, be aware,

(un-)awares, can(-not), certainly, comprehend, consider, X

could they, cunning, declare, be diligent, (can, cause to)

discern, discover, endued with, familiar friend, famous, feel,

can have, be (ig-)norant, instruct, kinsfolk, kinsman, (cause

to let, make) know, (come to give, have, take) knowledge, have

(knowledge), (be, make, make to be, make self) known, + be

learned, + lie by man, mark, perceive, privy to, X

prognosticator, regard, have respect, skilful, shew, can (man

of) skill, be sure, of a surety, teach, (can) tell,

Read the full entry →
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָדַע (ya.da) — to know.

1) to know

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to know

1a1a) to know, learn to know

1a1b) to perceive

1a1c) to perceive and see, find out and discern

1a1d) to discriminate, distinguish

1a1e) to know by experience

1a1f) to recognise, admit, acknowledge, confess

1a1g) to consider

1a2) to know, be acquainted with

1a3) to know (a person carnally)

1a4) to know how, be skilful in

1a5) to have knowledge, be wise

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be made known, be or become known, be revealed

1b2) to make oneself known

1b3) to be perceived

1b4) to be instructed

1c) (Piel) to cause to know

1d) (Poal) to cause to know

1e) (Pual)

1e1) to be known

1e2) known, one known, acquaintance (participle)

1f) (Hiphil) to make known, declare

1g) (Hophal) to be made known

1h) (Hithpael) to make oneself known, reveal oneself

Aramaic equivalent: ye.da (יְדַע "to know" H3046)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singular
HVqrmsa
[is] knowing a righteous [person] [the] case of poor [people] a wicked [person] not he understands knowledge
צַ֭דִּיקTza.dik a righteous [person] H6662 Adj
206× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Means being just or righteous, as seen in government, personal conduct, or character, often describing someone made right with God. It appears in descriptions of King David and other biblical leaders. The concept is central to the Bible's teachings on morality and ethics.
Amplified meaning
just, upright, having God's nature
Tyndale gloss
righteous
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צַדִּיק (tsaddiyq) means just or righteous, covering various aspects such as lawful behavior, moral conduct, and being justified by God. It is derived from a related root and is used to describe individuals who are upright in character and actions.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

צַדִּיק 206 adj. just, righteous

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6662 צַדִּיק just, righteous

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6662 tsaddiyq tsad-deek'

from 6663; just:--just, lawful, righteous (man).

see HEBREW for 06663

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צַדִּיק (tsad.diq) — righteous.

1) just, lawful, righteous

1a) just, righteous (in government)

1b) just, right (in one's cause)

1c) just, righteous (in conduct and character)

1d) righteous (as justified and vindicated by God)

1e) right, correct, lawful

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAamsa
[is] knowing a righteous [person] [the] case of poor [people] a wicked [person] not he understands knowledge
דִּ֣יןdin [the] case of H1779 Noun common · masculine singular construct
20× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Judgment or a legal suit is the meaning of this word, used to describe a cause, plea, or dispute in the Bible.
Amplified meaning
judgment, plea, legal suit
Tyndale gloss
judgment
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

דִּין (din) primarily means 'judgment' and encompasses concepts such as legal suits, causes, and strife. It can also refer to a throne of judgment or government. The word is built from a root related to justice and legal proceedings, and its Aramaic equivalent is also דִּין.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

דִּין n.[m.] judgment

throne of judgment

cause, plea

judgment, condemnation

strife

government

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1779 דִּין judgment . throne of judgment

. cause, plea

. judgment, condemnation

. strife

. government

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1779 duwn doon

from 1777; judgement (the suit, justice, sentence or

tribunal); by impl. also strife:--cause, judgement, plea,

strife.

see HEBREW for 01777

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

דִּין (din) — judgment.

1) judgment

1a) judgment

1b) cause, plea

1c) condemnation, judgment

1d) dispute, legal suit, strife

1e) government

Aramaic equivalent: din (דִּין "judgment" H1780)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

[is] knowing a righteous [person] [the] case of poor [people] a wicked [person] not he understands knowledge
דַּלִּ֑יםda.Lim poor [people] H1800 Adj
47× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for someone who is poor or weak, often describing those in need of help or assistance. In the book of Proverbs, it warns against oppressing the poor, and in Psalm 35:10, it describes the needy and the poor. The word is also used in Isaiah 41:17.
Amplified meaning
weak, needy, destitute
Tyndale gloss
poor
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word דַּל (dal) is built from the root meaning 'dangling' or 'weak.' It covers a range of meanings including low, weak, poor, and thin, and is particularly noted in wisdom literature and poetry. The entries consistently emphasize its connotations of neediness and weakness.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

דַּל adj. low, weak, poor, thin (especially common in Wisd. lit. and poet.)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1800 דַּל low, weak, poor, thin (especially common in Wisd. lit. and poet.)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1800 dal dal

from 1809; properly, dangling, i.e. (by implication) weak or

thin:--lean, needy, poor (man), weaker.

see HEBREW for 01809

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

דַּל (dal) — poor.

low, poor, weak, thin, one who is low

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAampa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (about 2,000 times), with le'om, and goy, next in order; but the various Hebrew words are used with very little or no difference in force (e.g. Pr 14:28; but, on the other hand, in Ps 44 contrast verses 12 and 14). Of the changes introduced by the Revised Version (British and American) the only one of significance (cited explicitly in the Preface to the English Revised Version) is the frequent use of the plural "peoples" (strangely avoided in the King James Version except Re 10:11; 17:15), where other nations than Israel are in question. So, for instance, in Ps…

[is] knowing a righteous [person] [the] case of poor [people] a wicked [person] not he understands knowledge
רָ֝שָׁ֗עra.Sha' a wicked [person] H7563 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
263× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word describes someone who is morally wrong, a bad person who is guilty of crime or sin against God or others. It is used to describe the wicked in biblical stories, such as in the book of Genesis.
Amplified meaning
morally wrong, guilty, sinful
Tyndale gloss
wicked
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רָשָׁע (rasha`) refers to someone who is wicked or criminal, encompassing meanings such as guilty and ungodly. It is derived from a root that implies moral wrongdoing. The term is used to describe individuals who are hostile to God or guilty of sin against others.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רָשָׁע 263 adj. wicked, criminal

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7563 רָשָׁע wicked, criminal

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7563 rasha` raw-shaw'

from 7561; morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad

person:--+ condemned, guilty, ungodly, wicked (man), that did

wrong.

see HEBREW for 07561

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רָשָׁע (ra.sah) — wicked.

1) wicked, criminal

1a) guilty one, one guilty of crime (subst)

1b) wicked (hostile to God)

1c) wicked, guilty of sin (against God or man)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
[is] knowing a righteous [person] [the] case of poor [people] a wicked [person] not he understands knowledge
לֹא־lo'- not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
[is] knowing a righteous [person] [the] case of poor [people] a wicked [person] not he understands knowledge
יָבִ֥יןya.Vin he understands H995 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To understand or discern, this verb means to separate mentally and know something with your mind, as seen in Proverbs where it talks about gaining insight.
Amplified meaning
do not pay attention, are not concerned
Tyndale gloss
to understand
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בִּין (biyn) is a Hebrew verb meaning to discern or understand. It encompasses a range of meanings including perceiving, considering, and teaching, with various forms indicating different nuances, such as being intelligent or discreet. The entries highlight its use in contexts requiring mental separation or insight, but do not present any significant disagreement among lexicographers.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בִּין vb. discern

Qal

perceive

understand, know (with mind)

observe, mark, give heed to, distinguish, consider (with attention)

have discernment, insight, understanding

Niph. be intelligent, discreet, discerning, distinguish, have understanding

Po. he attentively considereth him

Hiph.

understand

give heed to, attend to, observe, discern

give understanding, make understand, teach

Hithp.

shew oneself attentive, consider diligently

get understanding, understand

shew oneself to have understanding

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H995 בִּין discern .. perceive

. understand, know (with mind)

. observe, mark, give heed to, distinguish, consider (with attention)

. have discernment, insight, understanding

. be intelligent, discreet, discerning, distinguish, have understanding

. he attentively considereth him

. . understand

. give heed to, attend to, observe, discern

. give understanding, make understand, teach

. . shew oneself attentive, consider diligently

. get understanding, understand

. shew oneself to have understanding

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

995 biyn bene

a primitive root; to separate mentally (or distinguish),

i.e.(generally) understand:--attend, consider, be cunning,

diligently, direct, discern, eloquent, feel, inform, instruct,

have intelligence, know, look well to, mark, perceive, be

prudent, regard, (can) skill(-full), teach, think, (cause,

make to, get, give, have) understand(-ing), view, (deal)

wise(-ly, man).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בִּין (bin) — to understand.

1) to discern, understand, consider

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to perceive, discern

1a2) to understand, know (with the mind)

1a3) to observe, mark, give heed to, distinguish, consider

1a4) to have discernment, insight, understanding

1b) (Niphal) to be discerning, intelligent, discreet, have understanding

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to understand

1c2) to cause to understand, give understanding, teach

1d) (Hithpolel) to show oneself discerning or attentive, consider diligently

1e) (Polel) to teach, instruct

2) (TWOT) prudent, regard

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVqi3ms
[is] knowing a righteous [person] [the] case of poor [people] a wicked [person] not he understands knowledge
דָּֽעַת׃Da.'at knowledge H1847 Noun common · feminine singular absolute
92× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, daath means knowledge or understanding, like when Solomon asked God for wisdom in 1 Kings 3:9. It involves skill and perception, and is often linked to wisdom. This concept appears in the book of Proverbs.
Amplified meaning
knowledge, understanding, justice
Tyndale gloss
knowledge
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

דַּ֫עַת (da`ath) means knowledge, encompassing perception, skill, and moral understanding. It is associated with prophetic knowledge and is noted for its divine aspect, particularly in the context of wisdom literature. The entries highlight its use in various forms of knowledge, including discernment and understanding.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

דַּ֫עַת n.f. knowledge

knowledge, perception

= skill (in workmanship)

of proph. knowledge

esp. knowledge with moral quality

knowledge possessed by God

esp. in Wisd Lt = discernment, understanding, wisdom

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1847 דַּ֫עַת knowledge . . knowledge, perception

. = skill (in workmanship)

. of proph. knowledge

. esp. knowledge with moral quality

. knowledge possessed by God

. esp. in Wisd Lt = discernment, understanding, wisdom

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1847 da`ath dah'-ath

from 3045; knowledge:--cunning, (ig-)norantly, know(-ledge),

(un-)awares (wittingly).

see HEBREW for 03045

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

דַּ֫עַת (da.at) — knowledge.

1) knowledge

1a) knowledge, perception, skill

1b) discernment, understanding, wisdom

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absolute
HNcfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ Of good and evil Ge 2:9,17; 3:22

→ Is power Pr 3:20; 24:5

→ Desire for 1Ki 3:9; Ps 119:66; Pr 2; 3; 12:1; 15:14; 18:15

→ Rejected Ho 4:6

→ Those who reject are destroyed Ho 4:6

→ Fools hate Pr 1:22,29

→ A divine gift 1Co 12:8

→ Is pleasant Pr 2:10

→ Shall be increased Da 12:4

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

Everything we make is available for free because of a generous community of supporters.

Donate