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Psalms 103:19 — Word Study

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WLCיְֽהוָ֗ה בַּ֭שָּׁמַיִם הֵכִ֣ין כִּסְא֑וֹ וּ֝מַלְכוּת֗וֹ בַּכֹּ֥ל מָשָֽׁלָה׃

BSAThe LORDYᵉhôvâh [Yehovah, The covenant Name of God] has establishedkûwn [set up, prepared] His thronekiççêʼ [seat of power, authority] in heavenshâmayim [the abode of God] and His kingdommalkûwth [royal power, dominion] rulesmâshal [has power over, reigns] over allkôl [everything, the whole universe]

Word
Listen & take awayPsalms 103
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 19 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ma.Sha.lah) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Psalms 103:19quick helps
In a sentenceThe LORD has established His throne in heaven, and His kingdom rules over everything.
Who is speakingThe psalmist, declaring the sovereignty of God.
Where we areThis verse is part of a psalm of praise, celebrating God's authority and rule.
The hard wordמָשָׁלָה
Take awayGod's throne is firmly established, and His reign encompasses all creation.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectיהוה verbכּוּן The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Psalms 103:19

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Sovereignty of Godgenerated

18to those who keep His covenant and remember to obey His precepts.
19The LORD has established His throne in heaven, and His kingdom rules over all.
20Bless the LORD, all His angels mighty in strength who carry out His word, who hearken to the voice of His command.
21Bless the LORD, all His hosts, you servants who do His will.

Psalm 103:19 expresses the majesty of God, highlighting His established throne in heaven and His kingdom that reigns over all. This psalm emphasizes God's faithfulness to those who keep His covenant and serves as a reminder of His supreme authority over the universe. The verses surrounding it call for praise from all of creation, acknowledging God's powerful rule and governance.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Psalm 2:4The One enthroned in heaven laughs; the Lord taunts them.
2Psalm 9:7But the LORD abides forever; He has established His throne for judgment.
3Psalm 11:4The LORD is in His holy temple; the LORD is on His heavenly throne. His eyes are watching closely; they examine the sons of men.
4Psalm 115:3Our God is in heaven; He does as He pleases.
5Isaiah 66:1This is what the LORD says: “Heaven is My throne, and earth is My footstool. What kind of house will you build for Me? Or where will My place of repose be?

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 11 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word יְהוָ֗ה, Yahwehgenerated

The name יְהוָ֗ה (Yahweh) signifies the self-existent nature of God, often rendered as 'the Lord'. It is a proper name for the God of Israel, deeply rooted in the Jewish faith and used throughout the Old Testament.

This name is associated with God's covenant and His eternal presence. The parsing as a noun proper indicates its unique status as the personal name of God, distinguishing Him from other deities.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

The verse is rendered in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses 'established' and 'rules', consistent with the KJV and ASV.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verbs הֵכִ֣ין (he has established) and מָשָֽׁלָה (it rules) govern the structure of the verse, with the subject יְֽהוָ֗ה (Yahweh) preceding them. This order emphasizes God's authority as the central figure.

The sentence structure shows a main clause with two actions attributed to God: establishing His throne and ruling over all. The prepositional phrases clarify the location of His throne and the extent of His rule.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates יְהוָ֗ה as κύριος (Kyrios), meaning 'Lord', which maintains the personal and authoritative nature of God in the Greek context.

The choice of ἡτοίμασεν for 'established' indicates preparation and readiness, aligning with the Hebrew meaning while emphasizing God's active role in governance.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Psalm 103:19 states that the LORD has established His throne in heaven, asserting His authority over everything. This verse is part of a larger psalm that praises God's sovereignty and faithfulness to His people.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that the LORD has established His throne?

It signifies God's authority and power over the universe, indicating that He is in control of all things from His heavenly throne.

How does this verse reflect God's kingdom?

The verse illustrates that God's kingdom encompasses all creation, asserting His dominion and rule over everything.

Why is the name 'Yahweh' significant?

The name 'Yahweh' represents God's eternal and self-existent nature, emphasizing His covenant relationship with Israel.

What is the importance of God's rule over all?

God's rule signifies His ultimate authority and power, providing assurance of His control and governance in the world.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. How does recognizing God's sovereignty impact my daily life?
  2. In what ways can I acknowledge God's authority in my decisions?
  3. What does it mean for me to live under God's kingdom?
  4. How can I encourage others to understand God's rule over all?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

The early church fathers have commented on Psalm 103:19, often highlighting God's sovereignty and the significance of His established throne in heaven.

Augustine of HippoExposition on Psalms 103 354–430
"The Lord has prepared His throne in heaven" [Psalms 103:19]. Who but Christ has prepared His throne in heaven? He who descended and ascended, He who died, and rose from the dead,
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 103 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Psalms 103:19 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

The Lord hath prepared his throne in the heavens,.... The heaven is his throne; here he sits enthroned in all the glory of his majesty, with all his attendants upon him, and courtiers about him.

Read John Gill on Psalms 103 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

The LORD hath prepared his throne in the heavens; and his kingdom ruleth over all. -Yahweh's kingdom ruleth over all, therefore let all praise Him, angels and men alike, especially the Psalmist's soul. Verse 19.

Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 103 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Prepared; or rather, established. Having celebrated God’ s mercy to his people, he now praiseth him for his excellent majesty and universal dominion. His throne in the heavens which notes the eminency, glory, power, stability, and, in changeableness of God’ s kingdom. Over all; over all creatures both in heaven and in earth.

Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 103 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Psalms 103:19 The LORD hath prepared his throne in the heavens; and his kingdom ruleth over all.Ver. 19. The Lord hath prepared] Or, fixed, founded, firmed, established. Here God is further praised for his most excellent Majesty, which appeareth, first, from the loftiness of his throne; secondly, from the largeness of his dominion.

Read John Trapp on Psalms 103 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 19. The Lord hath prepared his throne in the heavens] There he is Sovereign, but his dominion extends equally over all the earth; for his kingdom - regal government, influence, and sway, ruleth over all.

Read AdamClarke on Psalms 103 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

19–22. The thought of Jehovah’s supreme and universal sovereignty introduces a concluding call to the whole universe to unite in His praises.

Read Cambridge on Psalms 103 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

The Lord hath prepared his throne in the heavens - He has “fixed” his throne there.

Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 103 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

19. The Lord hath prepared his throne in the heavens—In contrast with “man,” who is “dust.” Psalms 103:14.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Psalms 103 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

The LORD has established His throne in heaven, and His kingdom rules over all.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Yahweh has established his throne in the heavens. His kingdom rules over all.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

The LORD has established His throne in heaven, and His kingdom rules over all.

NETBNew English Translation2006

The Lord has established his throne in heaven; his kingdom extends over everything.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

The LORD hath prepared his throne in the heavens; and his kingdom ruleth over all.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Jehovah hath established his throne in the heavens; And his kingdom ruleth over all.

RVARevised Version, American1894

The LORD hath established his throne in the heavens; and his kingdom ruleth over all.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

The LORD hath prepared his throne in the heavens; and his kingdom ruleth over all.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

The Lord hath prepared his throne in heauen, and his Kingdome ruleth ouer all.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Jehovah hath established his throne in the heavens, and his kingdom ruleth over all.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Jehovah in the heavens Hath established His throne, And His kingdom over all hath ruled.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

YHWH has established His throne in the heavens, || And His kingdom has ruled over all.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

The Lord hath established in the heavens his throne; and his kingdom ruleth over all.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Yahweh has established his throne in the heavens, and his kingdom rules over everyone.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

He hath made the moon for seasons: the sun knoweth his going down.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

The Lord has set up his throne in the heavens, and he rules over all.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

The Lord has made ready his high seat in the heavens; his kingdom is ruling over all.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clausesubjectיְֽהוָ֗הYahwehprepositional phrase · prepositionalבַּ֭innoun phrasetheשָּׁמַיִםheavensverbהֵכִ֣יןhe.has.establishednoun phrase · objectכִּסְא֑throneוֹhisוּ֝andclausenoun phrase · subjectמַלְכוּת֗kingdomוֹhisprepositional phrase · prepositionalבַּovernoun phrase(the)כֹּ֥לallverbמָשָֽׁלָהit.rules

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text of Psalms 103:19 reads, "יְֽהוָ֗ה בַּ֭שָּׁמַיִם הֵכִ֣ין כִּסְא֑וֹ וּ֝מַלְכוּת֗וֹ בַּכֹּ֥ל מָשָֽׁלָה׃" The Septuagint agrees with the Masoretic Text, as all seven words match in a word-by-word correspondence, although the order and articles may differ due to the nature of the Greek translation. There are no significant differences noted in the Samaritan Pentateuch or the Dead Sea Scrolls for this verse, indicating a strong consistency across these ancient witnesses regarding the text of Psalms 103:19.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

יְֽהוָ֗ה בַּ֭שָּׁמַיִם הֵכִ֣ין כִּסְא֑וֹ וּ֝מַלְכוּת֗וֹ בַּכֹּ֥ל מָשָֽׁלָה׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
יְֽהוָ֗הκύριοςבַּ֭שָּׁמַיִםοὐρανῷהֵכִ֣יןἡτοίμασενכִּסְא֑וֹαὐτοῦוּ֝מַלְכוּת֗וֹαὐτοῦבַּכֹּ֥לπάντωνמָשָֽׁלָה׃δεσπόζει

7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Psalms 103:19יהוהYahwehYahwehיהוהשָׁמַיin the heavin the heavensשָׁמַיכּוּןhe has estahe has establisכּוּןכִּסֵּאthrone histhrone hisכִּסֵּאמַלְכוּתand kingdomand kingdom hisמַלְכוּתכֹּלover allover allכֹּלמָשַׁלit rulesit rulesמָשַׁלהָיָהto beto beהָיָהכָּסָהto coverto coverכָּסָהמָלַךְto reignto reignמָלַךְכָּלַלto perfectto perfectכָּלַלכִּסֵּאthronethroneכִּסֵּאנְאֻםutteranceutteranceנְאֻםצָבָאarmyarmyצָבָאעוֹףbirdbirdעוֹףכּוֹכָבstarstarכּוֹכָבתֵּבֵלworldworldתֵּבֵלמַלְכוּתroyaltyroyaltyמַלְכוּתאֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁAhasuerusAhasuerusאֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁפָּרַסPersiaPersiaפָּרַסעֵדָהcongregaticongregationעֵדָהעֲבֹדָהserviceserviceעֲבֹדָה
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Psalms 103:19

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

Yahweh in the heavens he has established throne his and kingdom his over all it rules
יְֽהוָ֗הYah.weh Yahweh H3068 Noun proper
6,528× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Yehovah is another name for God, often translated as 'the Lord'. It is a national name for God in the Jewish faith. This name is used throughout the Old Testament.
Amplified meaning
Yehovah, The covenant Name of God
Tyndale gloss
The Lord
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)

יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb

יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D

the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy

יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'

from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish

national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.

see HEBREW for 01961

see HEBREW for 03050

see HEBREW for 03069

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.

Jehovah = "the existing One"

1) the proper name of the one true God

1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.

Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.

Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpt
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Yahweh in the heavens he has established throne his and kingdom his over all it rules
בַּ֭שָּׁמַיִםBa.sha.ma.yim in the heavens H8064 Preposition · noun common masculine plural absolute
421× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for heaven or sky, it refers to the visible universe and the abode of God. It is often used in the Bible to describe the dwelling place of celestial bodies.
Amplified meaning
the abode of God
Tyndale gloss
heaven
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word שָׁמַיִם (*shamayim*) is a dual noun meaning 'heavens' or 'sky.' It refers to the visible heavens where celestial bodies are found, as well as the abode of God. The dual form may suggest both the arch of the sky and the higher ether. It is noted in contexts such as Elijah's ascent in a whirlwind.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[שָׁמַי] n.m. only pl. שָׁמַיִם 421 heavens, sky

visible heavens, sky, where stars, etc., are

phrases

as abode of God

Elijah taken up הַשּׁ׳ in whirlwind

הַשּׁ׳ personified in various relations

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8064 שָׁמַי only pl. שָׁמַיִם heavens, sky . . visible heavens, sky, where stars, etc., are

. phrases

. . as abode of God

. Elijah taken up הַשּׁ׳ in whirlwind

. הַשּׁ׳ personified in various relations

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8064 shamayim shaw-mah'-yim

dual of an unused singular shameh {shaw-meh'}; from an unused

root meaning to be lofty; the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps

alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well

as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies

revolve):--air, X astrologer, heaven(-s).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁמַיִם (sha.ma.yim) — heaven.

1) heaven, heavens, sky

1a) visible heavens, sky

1a1) as abode of the stars

1a2) as the visible universe, the sky, atmosphere, etc

1b) Heaven (as the abode of God)

Aramaic equivalent: sha.ma.yin (שָׁמַ֫יִן "heaven" H8065)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural absolute
HRd/Ncmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

hev'-'nz (shamayim; ouranoi): On the physical heavens see ASTRONOMY; WORLD. Above these, in popular conception, were the celestial heavens, the abode of God and of the hosts of angels (Ps 11:4; 103:19-21; Isa 66:1; Re 4:2; 5:11; compare Da 7:10), though it was recognized that Yahweh's presence was not confined to any region (1Ki 8:27). Later Judaism reckoned seven heavens. The apostle Paul speaks of himself as caught up into "the third heaven," which he evidently identifies with Paradise (2Co 12:2).

See HEAVENLY.

Yahweh in the heavens he has established throne his and kingdom his over all it rules
הֵכִ֣יןhe.Khin he has established H3559 Verb · Hiphil · perfect third person masculine singular
217× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to set something up or establish it, like setting up a tent or appointing someone to a position, as seen in Isaiah 7:14.
Amplified meaning
set up, prepared
Tyndale gloss
to establish: prepare
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כּוּן (kuwn) is a Hebrew verb meaning to establish or prepare. It encompasses a range of meanings, including to be firm, to fix, to direct, and to be ready, with applications in both literal and figurative contexts. The entries indicate various forms of the verb, such as Niph'al (to be established) and Hiph'il (to establish), but there is a note on a noun form, נָכוֹן (nakhon), meaning 'blow'.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[כּוּן] 218 vb. prob. be firm, only in der. conj.

Niph.

be set up, established, fixed

in a moral sense, be directed aright, of ways

prepare, be ready

pass. be prepared, of judgments

Hiph.

establish, set up

fix, so as to be ready, make ready, prepare, a gift

provide for, provide, furnish

direct one's face toward

arrange, order

Hoph.

be established, of throne

be prepared for

Po‛lēl.

set up, establish

constitute, make, a man (in womb)

fix, so as to be ready

direct

Po‛lal. be established

Hithpo‛l. be established

base

נָכוֹן n. [m.] = blow Jb 12:5

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3559a כּוּן prob. be firm, only in der. conj. . . be set up, established, fixed

. in a moral sense, be directed aright, of ways

. prepare, be ready

. pass. be prepared, of judgments

. . establish, set up

. . fix, so as to be ready, make ready, prepare, a gift

. provide for, provide, furnish

. direct one's face toward

. arrange, order

. . be established, of throne

. be prepared for

. . set up, establish

. constitute, make, a man (in womb)

. fix, so as to be ready

. direct

. be established

. be established

H3559b נָכוֹן n. [m.] = blow

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3559 kuwn koon

a primitive root; properly, to be erect (i.e. stand

perpendicular); hence (causatively) to set up, in a great

variety of applications, whether literal (establish, fix,

prepare, apply), or figurative (appoint, render sure, proper

or prosperous):--certain(-ty), confirm, direct, faithfulness,

fashion, fasten, firm, be fitted, be fixed, frame, be meet,

ordain, order, perfect, (make) preparation, prepare (self),

provide, make provision, (be, make) ready, right, set (aright,

fast, forth), be stable, (e-)stablish, stand, tarry, X very

deed.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כּוּן (kun) — to establish: prepare.

: prepare/direct

1) to be firm, be stable, be established

1a) (Niphal)

1a1) to be set up, be established, be fixed

1a1a) to be firmly established

1a1b) to be established, be stable, be secure, be enduring

1a1c) to be fixed, be securely determined

1a2) to be directed aright, be fixed aright, be steadfast (moral sense)

1a3) to prepare, be ready

1a4) to be prepared, be arranged, be settled

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to establish, set up, accomplish, do, make firm

1b2) to fix, make ready, prepare, provide, provide for, furnish

1b3) to direct toward (moral sense)

1b4) to arrange, order

1c) (Hophal)

1c1) to be established, be fastened

1c2) to be prepared, be ready

1d) (Polel)

1d1) to set up, establish

1d2) to constitute, make

1d3) to fix

1d4) to direct

1e) (Pulal) to be established, be prepared

1f) (Hithpolel) to be established, be restored

נָכוֹן (na.khon) — blow.

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Perf-3ms — Verb · Hiphil · perfect third person masculine singular
HVhp3ms
Yahweh in the heavens he has established throne his and kingdom his over all it rules
כִּסְא֑וֹkis.'O throne his H3678 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
135× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means a throne, symbolizing a seat of power or authority, often canopied or covered. It is used to describe the throne of God or a king, representing royal dignity and power.
Amplified meaning
seat of power, authority
Tyndale gloss
throne
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כִּסֵּא (kis.se) refers to a seat of honour or throne, often associated with royal dignity and authority. It is derived from a root meaning 'covered' and encompasses meanings like stool and seat. The entries consistently highlight its significance in both literal and figurative contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּסֵּא, כִּסֵּה 133 n.m. seat of honour, throne

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3678 כִּסֵּא, כִּסֵּה seat of honour, throne

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3678 kicce' kis-say'

or kicceh {kis-say'}; from 3680; properly, covered, i.e. a

throne (as canopied):--seat, stool, throne.

see HEBREW for 03680

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כִּסֵּא (kis.se) — throne.

1) seat (of honour), throne, seat, stool

1a) seat (of honour), throne

1b) royal dignity, authority, power (fig.)

כִּסֵּא (kis.se) — (Hall of) the Throne.

Combined with u.lam (אוּלָם "Hall" H0197I)

This name means throne, seat

כִּסֵּא (kis.se) — throne: seat.

1) seat (of honour), throne, seat, stool

1a) seat (of honour), throne

1b) royal dignity, authority, power (fig.)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp3ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

hiz: Used often in the King James Version with reference to a neuter or inanimate thing, or to a lower animal (Ge 1:11, "after his kind"; Le 1:16, "pluck away his crop"; Ac 12:10, "of his own accord"; 1Co 15:38, "his own body"), etc. the Revised Version (British and American) substitutes "its."

Yahweh in the heavens he has established throne his and kingdom his over all it rules
וּ֝מַלְכוּת֗וֹu.mal.khu.To and kingdom his H4438 Conjunction · noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
91× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Royalty or royal power refers to the authority and dominion of a king or queen, like Solomon's reign in Israel. It can also mean the kingdom or territory ruled by a monarch. The word is used in the Bible to describe sovereign power and authority.
Amplified meaning
royal power, dominion
Tyndale gloss
royalty
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַלְכוּת (malkuwth) refers to concepts of royalty, royal power, reign, and kingdom. It is derived from the root meaning 'to rule' and encompasses ideas of dominion and sovereignty. The term appears in various contexts within the Old Testament, emphasizing authority and governance.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מַלְכוּת n.f. royalty, royal power, reign, kingdom

royal power, dominion

reign

kingdom, realm

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4438 מַלְכוּת royalty, royal power, reign, kingdom

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4438 malkuwth mal-kooth'

or malkuth {mal-kooth'}; or (in plural) malkuyah

{mal-koo-yah'}; from 4427; a rule; concretely, a

dominion:--empire, kingdom, realm, reign, royal.

see HEBREW for 04427

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַלְכוּת (mal.khut) — royalty.

1) royalty, royal power, reign, kingdom, sovereign power

1a) royal power, dominion

1b) reign

1c) kingdom, realm

Aramaic equivalent: mal.khu (מַלְכוּ "kingdom" H4437)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-fs | Suff — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
HC/Ncfsc/Sp3ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

hiz: Used often in the King James Version with reference to a neuter or inanimate thing, or to a lower animal (Ge 1:11, "after his kind"; Le 1:16, "pluck away his crop"; Ac 12:10, "of his own accord"; 1Co 15:38, "his own body"), etc. the Revised Version (British and American) substitutes "its."

Yahweh in the heavens he has established throne his and kingdom his over all it rules
בַּכֹּ֥לba.Kol over all H3605 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
5,415× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Amplified meaning
everything, the whole universe
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all

with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

Absolutely:

without the art., all things, all

with the art. הַכֹּל

where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all

. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3605 kol kole

or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;

hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a

plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any

(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as

many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,

whoso(-ever).

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, the whole

1a) all, the whole of

1b) any, each, every, anything

1c) totality, everything

Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HRd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.

(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.

(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).

(3) All one, "It is all one" (Job 9:22), "it makes no difference whether I live or die."

(4) At all, "If thy father miss me at all" (1Sa 20:6), "in any way," "in the least."

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Yahweh in the heavens he has established throne his and kingdom his over all it rules
מָשָֽׁלָה׃ma.Sha.lah it rules H4910 Verb · Qal · perfect third person feminine singular
81× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To rule means to have power over something or someone, like a king ruling his kingdom, as seen in 1 Samuel. It involves having control and making decisions, like a leader guiding their people. In the Bible, God rules over all things.
Amplified meaning
has power over, reigns
Tyndale gloss
to rule
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מָשַׁל (mashal) is a Hebrew verb meaning to rule or have dominion. It can refer to human authority, the dominion of heavenly bodies, or God's sovereignty. The word has a Qal form indicating direct rule and a Hiphil form that implies causing someone to rule or exercising dominion.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מָשַׁל vb. rule, have dominion, reign

Qal

human subj., rule, have dominion over

of heavenly bodies

of God

Hiph. cause to rule; exercise dominion

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4910 מָשַׁל rule, have dominion, reign .. human subj., rule, have dominion over

. of heavenly bodies

. of God

. cause to rule; exercise dominion

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4910 mashal maw-shal'

a primitive root; to rule:--(have, make to have) dominion,

governor, X indeed, reign, (bear, cause to, have)

rule(-ing, -r), have power.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מָשַׁל (ma.shal) — to rule.

1) to rule, have dominion, reign

1a) (Qal) to rule, have dominion

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to cause to rule

1b2) to exercise dominion

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3fs — Verb · Qal · perfect third person feminine singular
HVqp3fs
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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