Psalms 51:12 — Word Study
WLCהָשִׁ֣יבָה לִּ֭י שְׂשׂ֣וֹן יִשְׁעֶ֑ךָ וְר֖וּחַ נְדִיבָ֣ה תִסְמְכֵֽנִי׃
BSAspiritrûwach [mind, emotions, breath of life]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| הָשִׁ֣יבָה | restore ! | Verb hiphil imperative second person masculine singular, suffix |
| לִּ֭י | to me | Preposition, suffix |
| שְׂשׂ֣וֹן | [the] joy of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| יִשְׁעֶ֑ךָ | salvation your | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| וְר֖וּחַ | and a spirit | Conjunction, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| נְדִיבָ֣ה | willing | |
| תִסְמְכֵֽנִי׃ | you will sustain me | Verb qal imperfect third person feminine singular, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Restore to me the joy of Your salvation, and sustain me with a willing spirit. |
| KJV | Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation; and uphold me with thy free spirit. |
| ASV | Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation; And uphold me with a willing spirit. |
| YLT | Restore to me the joy of Thy salvation, And a willing spirit doth sustain me. |
| WEB | Restore to me the joy of your salvation. Uphold me with a willing spirit. |
| BBE | Give me back the joy of your salvation; let a free spirit be my support. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of שְׂשׂ֣וֹן — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has one main request followed by a conjunction that introduces a second request, showing a connected plea for renewal and support.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 51:12
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Plea for Restorationgenerated
Psalm 51:12 is part of David's penitential psalm, where he seeks forgiveness and restoration after his sin. He acknowledges his need for joy and strength, which he believes can only come from God. This psalm reflects a deep understanding of the relationship between sin, joy, and divine support, emphasizing the importance of a willing spirit in serving God.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 85:6–8 | Will You not revive us again, that Your people may rejoice in You? |
| 2 | Job 29:2–3 | “How I long for the months gone by, for the days when God watched over me, |
| 3 | Isaiah 57:17–18 | I was enraged by his sinful greed, so I struck him and hid My face in anger; yet he kept turning back to the desires of his heart. |
| 4 | Jeremiah 31:9–14 | They will come with weeping, and by their supplication I will lead them; I will make them walk beside streams of waters, on a level path where they will not stumble. For I am Israel’s Father, and Ephraim is My firstborn.” |
| 5 | Psalm 13:5 | But I have trusted in Your loving devotion; my heart will rejoice in Your salvation. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 22 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — הָשִׁ֣יבָה, ha.Shi.vahgenerated
The Hebrew verb שׁוּב (shuwb) means to return or turn back, often used in contexts of repentance or restoration. In this verse, it is in the imperative form, indicating a strong request for God to restore joy.
The parsing indicates it is a hiphil imperative, which shows that David is asking God to actively cause this restoration. The concept of returning to joy implies a previous state of happiness that has been lost.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb הָשִׁ֣יבָה governs the main request of the verse, followed by a prepositional phrase indicating to whom the restoration is directed, and a noun phrase that describes what is to be restored. The structure emphasizes the personal nature of the plea.
The second clause begins with the conjunction וְ, linking the two requests: the restoration of joy and the sustaining of a willing spirit. This connection highlights the relationship between joy and the support needed to maintain it.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates הָשִׁ֣יבָה as καθαρὰν, which means 'pure' or 'clean'. This choice suggests an interpretation that emphasizes not just restoration but also a cleansing aspect, linking joy with purity.
The translation of שְׂשׂ֣וֹן as ἐμοί indicates a personal aspect of joy, reinforcing the intimate relationship between the psalmist and God.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 51:12 is a heartfelt request from David to God, asking Him to restore the joy he once had and to support him with a spirit that is willing and generous. This reflects David's understanding of the need for divine help in times of distress.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It means to bring back the happiness and delight that comes from being saved and in a right relationship with God.
A willing spirit is necessary for obedience and service to God, reflecting a heart that is open and ready to follow His ways.
Joy can be lost due to sin, guilt, or separation from God, which is why David seeks restoration.
To sustain means to provide support and strength, ensuring that David can continue in his faith and service.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what areas of my life do I need to ask God for restoration?
- How can I cultivate a willing spirit in my daily actions?
- What practices can help me maintain the joy of my salvation?
- How does understanding my need for God's support change my perspective on challenges?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early church fathers have commented on this verse, often discussing themes of restoration and the joy of salvation in their writings.
"Give back to me the exultation of Your salvation" [Psalms 51:12]. "Give back" what I had; what by sinning I had lost: to wit, of Your Christ.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 51 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 51:12 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleRestore unto me the joy of thy salvation,.... Not temporal, but spiritual and eternal; and designs either Christ himself, who is God's salvation, of his appointing and providing, in the view of whom,
Read John Gill on Psalms 51 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryCreate in me a clean heart, O God; and renew a right spirit within me. -Prayer for the Spirit fittingly follows his prayers for purification, complete forgiveness, and the joy of assurance.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 51 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThe joy of thy salvation; the comfortable sense of thy saving grace and help, promised and vouchsafed to me, both for my present and everlasting salvation. Uphold me; a weak and frail creature, never able to stand against corruption and temptation without thy powerful and gracious succours. Free; or, ingenuous, or liberal, or princely; which he seems to oppose to his own base, and illiberal; and disingenuous, and servile spirit, which he had discovered in his wicked and unworthy practices; and desires a better spirit of God, which may free him from the bondage of sin, and enable and incline him freely, and cheerfully, and constantly to run the way of God’ s precepts. See ,16 .
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 51 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 51:12 Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation; and uphold me [with thy] free spirit.Ver. 12. Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation] He had grieved that holy thing, that Spirit of God whereby he was sealed to the day of redemption, Ephesians 4:30, and is therefore at a loss for comfort; he had vilipended that patent of his pardon which God had passed under his hand and seal; God therefore calleth for it home again into the pardon office, as it were, that he may know the worth by the want. A man may sin away, not only the sense and comfort of his pardon, but the evidence and knowledge of it, as that place of Peter seemeth to imply, 2 Peter 1:9. Mountebanks, who wound their flesh to…
Read John Trapp on Psalms 51 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(12) Joy of thy salvation.—This again points to a sense of restoration of covenant privileges. Thy free spirit.—Rather, with a willing spirit. Or we may render, a willing spirit shall support me.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 51 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 12. Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation] This is an awful prayer. And why? Because it shows he once HAD the joy of God's salvation; and had LOST it by sin! Uphold me with thy free spirit.] Prop me up; support me with a princely spirit, one that will not stoop to a mean or base act. See on Psalms 51:10.
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 51 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges12. Restore &c.] For sin has destroyed that assurance of God’s help which is ever a ground of rejoicing (Psalms 9:14; Psalms 13:5; Psalms 20:5; Psalms 35:9). He prays for that deliverance which he is confident (Psalms 51:8) that God can and will grant him. with thy free spirit] Rather, with a free, or, willing spirit. Cp. Exodus 35:5; Exodus 35:22; and the cognate word in Psalms 54:6, ‘a freewill offering.’ He desires to be upheld from falling by such a divine inspiration as will move him spontaneously to think and do such things as are right. His first impulse will be to shew forth his thankfulness in acts (Psalms 51:13).
Read Cambridge on Psalms 51 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleRestore unto me the joy of thy salvation - literally, “Cause the joy of thy salvation to return.” This implies that he had formerly known what was the happiness of being a friend of God, and of having a hope of salvation.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 51 →The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Restore to me the joy of Your salvation, and sustain me with a willing spirit.
Restore to me the joy of your salvation. Uphold me with a willing spirit.
Restore to me the joy of Your salvation, and sustain me with a willing spirit.
Let me again experience the joy of your deliverance! Sustain me by giving me the desire to obey!
Tyndale line
Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation; and uphold me with thy free spirit.
Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation; And uphold me with a willing spirit.
Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation: and uphold me with a free spirit.
Restore to me the joy of thy salvation; and uphold me with thy free spirit.
Restore to me the ioy of thy saluation, and stablish me with thy free Spirit.
Strictly literal
Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation, and let a willing spirit sustain me.
Restore to me the joy of Thy salvation, And a willing spirit doth sustain me.
Restore to me the joy of Your salvation, || And a willing spirit sustains me.
(51:14) Restore unto me the gladness of thy salvation; and with a liberal spirit do thou support me.—
Restore to me the joy of your salvation, and sustain me with a willing spirit.
Simplified
Give me back the happiness of your salvation; help me to have a willing nature.
Give me back the joy of your salvation; let a free spirit be my support.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely in their wording for Psalm 51:12, with all seven words matched. This indicates a strong consistency in the preservation of this verse across different traditions.
הָשִׁ֣יבָה לִּ֭י שְׂשׂ֣וֹן יִשְׁעֶ֑ךָ וְר֖וּחַ נְדִיבָ֣ה תִסְמְכֵֽנִי׃
7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 51:12
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word שׁוּב (shuwb) means to turn back or return, covering a wide range of contexts including physical, spiritual, and relational. It can denote returning to a previous state, repenting, or even apostatizing. The entries describe various forms and uses, including bringing back, restoring, and refreshing. Notably, it can also imply a change in course of action.
שׁוּב 1056 vb. turn back, return
Qal 683;—turn back, return:
turn back
return, come or go back
esp. return unto
of dying
of revival from death
fig. of human relations:
return to leader, king
= change so as to appoach (in purpose, desire)
turn, i.e. resort to
return to a physical condition
abs. = change course of action
fig., specif. of spiritual relations:
turn back from God = apostatize
of י׳, turn away
turn back to God (= seek penitently)
abs. repent
turn back from evil
of י׳
of י׳, return (to shew favour)
of inanimate things (sts. personified, or treated as things of life):
denoting repetition, etc.
trans.
Pō‛l.
bring back
fig. restore, refresh
restore, repair
lead away (enticingly)
shew turning = apostatize
Hiph. 353 cause to return, bring back
bring back into bondage
put back
= draw back
= give back, restore
= relinguish
= give in payment, requital
bring one back (from dead)
bring back heart
= refresh
H7725 שׁוּב turn back, return .—turn back, return: . turn back
. return, come or go back
. esp. return unto
. . of dying
. of revival from death
. fig. of human relations: . return to leader, king
. = change so as to appoach (in purpose, desire)
. turn, i.e. resort to
. return to a physical condition
. abs. = change course of action
. fig., specif. of spiritual relations: . turn back from God = apostatize
. of י׳, turn away
. turn back to God (= seek penitently)
. abs. repent
. turn back from evil
. of י׳
. of י׳, return (to shew favour)
. of inanimate things (sts. personified, or treated as things of life):
. denoting repetition, etc.
. trans.
. . bring back
. . fig. restore, refresh
. restore, repair
. lead away (enticingly)
. shew turning = apostatize
. cause to return, bring back . . bring back into bondage
. put back
. = draw back
. = give back, restore
. = relinguish
. = give in payment, requital
7725 shuwb shoob
a primitive root; to turn back (hence, away) transitively or
intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily
with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to
retreat; often adverbial, again:--((break, build, circumcise,
dig, do anything, do evil, feed, lay down, lie down, lodge,
make, rejoice, send, take, weep)) X again, (cause to) answer
(+ again), X in any case (wise), X at all, averse, bring
(again, back, home again), call (to mind), carry again (back),
cease, X certainly, come again (back), X consider, +
continually, convert, deliver (again), + deny, draw back,
fetch home again, X fro, get (oneself) (back) again, X give
(again), go again (back, home), (go) out, hinder, let, (see)
more, X needs, be past, X pay, pervert, pull in again, put
(again, up again), recall, recompense, recover, refresh,
relieve, render (again), requite, rescue, restore, retrieve,
שׁוּב (shuv) — to return: return.
: return
1) to return, turn back
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to turn back, return
1a1a) to turn back
1a1b) to return, come or go back
1a1c) to return unto, go back, come back
1a1d) of dying
1a1e) of human relations (fig)
1a1f) of spiritual relations (fig)
1a1f1) to turn back (from God), apostatise
1a1f2) to turn away (of God)
1a1f3) to turn back (to God), repent
1a1f4) turn back (from evil)
1a1g) of inanimate things
1a1h) in repetition
1b) (Polel)
1b1) to bring back
1b2) to restore, refresh, repair (fig)
1b3) to lead away (enticingly)
1b4) to show turning, apostatise
1c) (Pual) restored (participle)
1d) (Hiphil) to cause to return, bring back
1d1) to bring back, allow to return, put back, draw back, give back, restore, relinquish, give in payment
1d2) to bring back, refresh, restore
1d3) to bring back, report to, answer
1d4) to bring back, make requital, pay (as recompense)
HVhv2ms/Sh — Verb hiphil imperative second person masculine singular · suffixHVhv2ms/Sh
נִי (ni) — me.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 1st person singular
HR/Sp1bs — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp1bs
שָׂשׂוֹן (sasown) refers to exultation and rejoicing, encompassing meanings like gladness and cheerfulness. It is derived from a root that emphasizes joy and mirth. The term appears in contexts related to joy and celebration, but no specific verses are cited in the entries.
שָׂשׂוֹן n.m. exultation, rejoicing
base
H8342 שָׂשׂוֹן exultation, rejoicing
8342 sasown saw-sone'
or sason {saw-sone'}; from 7797; cheerfulness; specifically,
welcome:--gladness, joy, mirth, rejoicing.
see HEBREW for 07797
שָׂשׂוֹן (sa.s.von) — rejoicing.
1) gladness, joy, exultation, rejoicing
1a) exultation, joy
HNcmsc — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
יֵ֫שַׁע (yesha`) refers to concepts of deliverance, rescue, and salvation, encompassing both physical and spiritual aspects. It also includes ideas of safety, welfare, and prosperity. The entries consistently emphasize its use in contexts of divine rescue and victory.
יֵ֫שַׁע n.m. deliverance, rescue, salvation, also safety, welfare
safety, welfare, prosperity
salvation, i.e. primarily physical rescue, by God, oft. with added spiritual idea
victory
base
H3468 יֵ֫שַׁע deliverance, rescue, salvation, also safety, welfare . safety, welfare, prosperity
. salvation, i.e. primarily physical rescue, by God, oft. with added spiritual idea
. victory
3468 yesha` yeh'-shah
or yeshai {yay'-shah}; from 3467; liberty, deliverance,
prosperity:--safety, salvation, saving.
see HEBREW for 03467
יֵ֫שַׁע (ye.sah) — salvation.
1) deliverance, salvation, rescue, safety, welfare
1a) safety, welfare, prosperity
1b) salvation
1c) victory
HNcmsc/Sp2ms — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp2ms
רוּחַ (ruach) means breath, wind, or spirit. It encompasses various meanings, including the breath of life, emotional disposition, and the spirit of God. The term can refer to both physical phenomena, like wind, and abstract concepts, such as moral character or mental acts. Notably, it is used frequently in the context of divine inspiration and the Holy Spirit.
רוּחַ 378 n.f. (less oft. m.) breath, wind, spirit
breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.)
wind (117 t.)
spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.)
spirit of the living, breathing being
spirit as seat of emotion
occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts
rarely of the will
רוּחַ esp. of moral character
spirit of God (94 t.)
base
H7307 רוּחַ breath, wind, spirit . breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.)
. wind (117 t.)
. spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.)
. spirit of the living, breathing being
. spirit as seat of emotion
. occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts
. rarely of the will
. רוּחַ esp. of moral character
. spirit of God (94 t.)
7307 ruwach roo'-akh
from 7306; wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or
even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger,
unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the sky; by
resemblance spirit, but only of a rational being (including
its expression and functions):--air, anger, blast, breath, X
cool, courage, mind, X quarter, X side, spirit((-ual)),
tempest, X vain, ((whirl-))wind(-y).
see HEBREW for 07306
רוּחַ (ru.ach) — spirit.
: spirit
1) wind, breath, mind, spirit
1a) breath
1b) wind
1b1) of heaven
1b2) quarter (of wind), side
1b3) breath of air
1b4) air, gas
1b5) vain, empty thing
1c) spirit (as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation)
1c1) spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour
1c2) courage
1c3) temper, anger
1c4) impatience, patience
1c5) spirit, disposition (as troubled, bitter, discontented)
1c6) disposition (of various kinds), unaccountable or uncontrollable impulse
1c7) prophetic spirit
1d) spirit (of the living, breathing being in man and animals)
1d1) as gift, preserved by God, God's spirit, departing at death, disembodied being
1e) spirit (as seat of emotion)
1e1) desire
1e2) sorrow, trouble
1f) spirit
1f1) as seat or organ of mental acts
1f2) rarely of the will
1f3) as seat especially of moral character
Conj | N-cs — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular absoluteHC/Ncfsa
spir'-it (ruach; pneuma; Latin, spiritus):
1. Primary and Figurative Senses
(1) As Wind, Breath
(2) As Anger or Fury
(3) As Mental and Moral Qualities in Man
2. Shades of Meaning
(1) As Life-Principle
(2) As Surviving Death
(3) Spiritual Manifestations
3. Human and Divine Spirit
(1) The Human as Related with the Divine
(2) Operations of the Divine Spirit as Third Person of the Trinity
4. Old Testament Applications
5. Various Interpretations
1. Primary and Figurative Senses:
Spirit
(Heb. ruah; Gr. pneuma), properly wind or breath. In 2 Thess. 2:8 it means “breath,” and in Eccl. 8:8 the vital principle in man. It also denotes the rational, immortal soul by which man is distinguished (Acts 7:59; 1 Cor. 5:5; 6:20; 7:34), and the soul in its separate state (Heb. 12:23), and hence also an apparition (Job 4:15; Luke 24:37, 39), an angel (Heb. 1:14), and a demon (Luke 4:36; 10:20). This…
A word employed in various senses in Scripture.
1. For THE HOLY, HOLINESS SPIRIT, the third person of the Holy Trinity, who inspired the prophets, animates good men, pours his unction into our hearts, imparts to us life and comfort; and in whose name we are baptized and blessed, as well as in that of the Father and the Son. When the adjective Holy is applied to the term Spirit, we should always understand it as here explained; but there are many places whether it must be taken in this sense, although the term Holy is omitted. See HOLY, HOLINESS SPIRIT.
2. BREATH, respiration; or the principle of animal life, common to men and animal: this God has given, and this he recalls when he takes away life, Ec 3:21. See SOUL.
נָדִיב (nadiyb) conveys meanings of being inclined, generous, and noble. It is derived from a root meaning voluntary or willing, and can refer to a noble person or grandee, sometimes with a connotation of tyranny. The word appears in contexts related to nobility and willingness, including a mention in Song of Solomon 6:12.
נָדִיב adj. and n.m. inclined, generous, noble
incited, inclined, willing
noble, princely, in rank
noble in mind and character
base
H5081 נָדִיב inclined, generous, noble
5081 nadiyb naw-deeb'
from 5068; properly, voluntary, i.e. generous; hence,
magnanimous; as noun, a grandee (sometimes a tyrant):--free,
liberal (things), noble, prince, willing ((hearted)).
see HEBREW for 05068
נָדִיב (na.div) — noble: willing.
: willing
n m
1) noble one
adj
2) inclined, willing, noble, generous
1a) incited, inclined, willing
1b) noble, princely (in rank)
1c) noble (in mind and character)
Also means: na.div (נָדִיב ": noble" H5081H)
§ A man living at the time of United Monarchy, only mentioned at Sng.6.12
נָדִיב (na.div) — noble.
: noble
n m
1) noble one
adj
2) inclined, willing, noble, generous
1a) incited, inclined, willing
1b) noble, princely (in rank)
1c) noble (in mind and character)
HAafsa — HAafsa
סָמַךְ (samakh) is a Hebrew verb meaning to lean, lay, rest, or support. It encompasses various actions such as propping up, sustaining, and bracing oneself. The word appears in different forms, including Qal, Niphal, and Piel, indicating different nuances of support and sustenance. Notably, it is used in contexts that can be both favorable and unfavorable.
סָמַךְ 48 vb. lean, lay, rest, support
Qal 41
lean or lay hand upon
intrans. thy wrath hath rested upon me
support, uphold, sustain
Niph. reflex. support, or brace oneself
Pi. sustain (refresh, revive) me with raisin-cakes.
base
H5564 סָמַךְ lean, lay, rest, support
5564 camak saw-mak'
a primitive root; to prop (literally or figuratively);
reflexively, to lean upon or take hold of (in a favorable or
unfavorable sense):--bear up, establish, (up-)hold, lay,
lean, lie hard, put, rest self, set self, stand fast, stay
(self), sustain.
סָמַךְ (sa.makh) — to support.
1) to lean, lay, rest, support, put, uphold, lean upon
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lean or lay upon, rest upon, lean against
1a2) to support, uphold, sustain
1b) (Niphal) to support or brace oneself
1c) (Piel) to sustain, refresh, revive
HVqi3fs/Sp1bs — Verb qal imperfect third person feminine singular · suffixHVqi3fs/Sp1bs