Psalms 56:2 — Word Study
WLCשָׁאֲפ֣וּ שׁ֭וֹרְרַי כָּל־ הַיּ֑וֹם כִּֽי־ רַבִּ֨ים לֹחֲמִ֖ים לִ֣י מָרֽוֹם׃
BSApursue meshâʼaph■ allkôl [the entire, every] day [long]yôwm forkîy assaillâcham
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| שָׁאֲפ֣וּ | they have crushed [me] | Verb, Qal, perfect third person common plural |
| שׁ֭וֹרְרַי | enemies my | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| כָּל־ | all | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| הַיּ֑וֹם | the day | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| כִּֽי־ | for | Particle |
| רַבִּ֨ים | many [people] | |
| לֹחֲמִ֖ים | [are] fighting | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine plural |
| לִ֣י | to me | Preposition, suffix |
| מָרֽוֹם׃ | height | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | My enemies pursue me all day long, for many proudly assail me. |
| KJV | Mine enemies would daily swallow me up: for they be many that fight against me, O thou most High. |
| ASV | Mine enemies would swallow me up all the day long; For they are many that fight proudly against me. |
| YLT | Mine enemies have swallowed up all the day, For many [are] fighting against me, O most High, |
| WEB | My enemies want to swallow me up all day long, for they are many who fight proudly against me. |
| BBE | My haters are ever ready to put an end to me; great numbers are lifting themselves up against me. |
Translations agree on the meaning of the verse, focusing on the relentless pursuit of the psalmist by his enemies.
The sentence is structured around the main action of pursuit, with a subordinate clause explaining the reason for the psalmist's distress.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbחָנַן
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 56:2
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Cry for Mercy Amidst Enemiesgenerated
Psalms 56:2 reveals the psalmist's anguish as he faces relentless attacks from his enemies. This verse emphasizes the emotional and physical toll of being pursued and assailed, highlighting the need for divine intervention. The psalmist's plea for mercy is a common theme in the Psalms, where individuals seek refuge in God during times of distress, as seen in Psalm 54:5 and Psalm 3:1.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 54:5 | He will reward my enemies with evil. In Your faithfulness, destroy them. |
| 2 | Psalm 3:1 | O LORD, how my foes have increased! How many rise up against me! |
| 3 | Psalm 118:10–12 | All the nations surrounded me, but in the name of the LORD I cut them off. |
| 4 | Acts 4:25–27 | You spoke by the Holy Spirit through the mouth of Your servant, our father David: ‘Why do the nations rage and the peoples plot in vain? |
| 5 | Revelation 16:14 | These are demonic spirits that perform signs and go out to all the kings of the earth, to assemble them for battle on the great day of God the Almighty. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 12 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — שָׁאֲפ֣וּ, sha.'a.Fugenerated
The verb שָׁאַף (sha'aph) is a perfect tense form indicating that the enemies have consistently and actively pursued the psalmist. This word carries the connotation of crushing or trampling, suggesting not only physical aggression but also emotional distress.
The use of this verb in the context of the psalm illustrates the intensity of the enemies' actions, portraying them as relentless and overwhelming. The psalmist's choice of language conveys a deep sense of vulnerability and urgency in seeking God's help.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
Translations of this verse are consistent in conveying the relentless pursuit of the psalmist by his enemies.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb שָׁאֲפ֣וּ (they have crushed) governs the entire clause, with a noun phrase indicating the subject ('my enemies') and an adverbial phrase describing the time ('all day long'). This structure emphasizes the continuous nature of the attacks.
The sentence is built around the action of pursuit and assault, with the enemies' pride highlighted as a significant aspect of their behavior.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates שָׁאֲפ֣וּ as ἐλέησόν, which means 'have mercy.' This choice reflects an interpretive shift, focusing on the psalmist's plea for divine compassion in the face of adversity.
This translation indicates a broader understanding of the psalmist's situation, emphasizing the need for God's mercy amidst the relentless attacks.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalms 56:2 shows the psalmist crying out to God about his enemies who relentlessly pursue him every day. They attack him with pride, causing him great distress. This plea for mercy highlights the psalmist's vulnerability and need for divine help.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The term refers to those who are hostile towards the psalmist, actively seeking to harm him, which is a common theme in the Psalms.
The pride of the enemies underscores their arrogance and the intensity of their attacks, making the psalmist's plea for mercy even more urgent.
This verse reflects the recurring theme in the Psalms of seeking God's protection and mercy in times of trouble and distress.
The psalmist's response teaches us the importance of turning to God for help and acknowledging our vulnerability in the face of adversity.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what situations have I felt pursued or attacked, and how did I respond?
- How can I seek God's mercy in my own life when facing challenges?
- What does it mean to me that the psalmist expresses his vulnerability to God?
- How can I support others who may be feeling overwhelmed by their enemies or challenges?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Christian writers, such as Augustine of Hippo, reference this verse to illustrate the psalmist's plight and the nature of his enemies.
"Mine enemies have trodden me down all day long" [Psalms 56:2]. They that have been put afar off from holy men, these are mine enemies.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 56 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 56:2 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleMine enemies would daily swallow [me] up,.... For not one man only, but many, were his enemies; who observed and watched him, and were eagerly desirous of his ruin.
Read John Gill on Psalms 56 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryMine enemies would daily swallow me up: for they be many that fight against me, O thou most High. Mine enemies - literally, 'my watchers;' 'those who lie in wait for me' (Psalms 5:8). For they be many that fight against me.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 56 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleMine enemies, Heb. my observers, that narrowly look to all my paths, and watch for my haltings, and for an opportunity to destroy me. Many that fight against me: they trust to their great numbers, wherein they know themselves to be much superior to me. O thou Most High; who from thine high place beholdest all their plots, and canst most easily disturb and blast them.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 56 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 56:2 Mine enemies would daily swallow [me] up: for [they be] many that fight against me, O thou most High. Ver. 2. Mine enemies (or observers) would daily swallow me up] Anhelant observatores mei. To set forth the indignity of the thing, he repeateth the same sentence again in the plural number; noting that there were not a few of them bitterly bent by might and main to mischief him, a poor forlorn, friendless man. For they be many that fight against me, O thou most High] Or, though there be many that fight for me from on high, that is, the angels, as Aben Ezra rendereth and senseth the text.
Read John Trapp on Psalms 56 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(2) Swallow me up.—The root idea of the Hebrew word so rendered is by no means clear. In many passages where it is used the meaning given here by the LXX., “trample on,” will suit the context quite as well as, or even better than, the meaning, “pant after,” given in the Lexicons. (See Job 5:5; Isaiah 42:14; Ecclesiastes 1:5; Amos 2:7; Amos 8:4.) And this sense of bruising by trampling also suits the cognate verb, shûph, used only three times (Genesis 3:15; Job 9:17; Psalms 139:11). Symmachus also here has “bruise,” or “grind.” On the other hand in Psalms 119:131; Job 7:2, &c, we want the idea of “haste” or “desire.” Possibly the original meaning of “trample” may have passed through the…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 56 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 2. O thou Most High.] מרום marom. I do not think that this word expresses any attribute of God, or indeed is at all addressed to him. It signifies, literally, from on high, or from a high or elevated place: "For the multitudes fight against me from the high or elevated place;" the place of authority - the court and cabinet of Saul. Most of the Versions begin the next verse with this word: "From the light of the day, though I fear, yet will I trust in thee." From the time that persecution waxes hot against me, though I often am seized with fear, yet I am enabled to maintain my trust in thee. Dr. Kennicott thinks there is a corruption here, and proposes to read: "I look upwards all the…
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 56 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges2. They that lie in wait for me would swallow me up [or, crush me] all the day long: For many are they that fight against me haughtily. For they that lie in wait for me see note on Psalms 54:5. The word rendered O thou most High in A.V. is not Elyôn, the word usually so rendered (e.g. Psalms 57:2), but mârôm. This word is applied to God, as in Micah 6:6, “the high God,” Psalms 92:8, “Thou, O Lord, art on high for evermore:” but it can hardly stand by itself as a vocative, and probably means ‘with a high hand,’ ‘haughtily.’ Cp. Psalms 73:8. ‘Be thou exalted’ in Psalms 57:5; Psalms 57:11 is derived from the same root. The Psalmist prays that God will prove His own supreme exaltation against…
Read Cambridge on Psalms 56 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleMine enemies - Margin, “mine observers.” The Hebrew word here used means properly to twist, to twist totogether; then, to be firm, hard, tough; then, “to press together,” as a rope that is twisted -
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 56 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
My enemies pursue me all day long, for many proudly assail me.
My enemies want to swallow me up all day long, for they are many who fight proudly against me.
My enemies pursue me all day long, for many proudly assail me.
Those who anticipate my defeat attack me all day long. Indeed, many are fighting against me, O Exalted One.
Tyndale line
Mine enemies would daily swallow me up: for they be many that fight against me, O thou most High.
Mine enemies would swallow me up all the day long; For they are many that fight proudly against me.
Mine enemies would swallow me up all the day long: for they be many that fight proudly against me.
My enemies would daily swallow me up: for they are many that fight against me, O thou Most High.
Mine enemies would dayly swallowe mee vp: for many fight against me, O thou most High.
Strictly literal
Mine enemies would swallow [me] up all the day long; for they are many that fight against me haughtily.
Mine enemies have swallowed up all the day, For many [are] fighting against me, O most High,
My enemies have swallowed up all the day, || For many [are] fighting against me, O Most High,
(56:3) Those that regard me with envy long to swallow [me] up all the time; for many are they that fight against me, O thou Most High.
My enemies trample me all day long; for there are many who arrogantly fight against me.
From the Latin
Have mercy on me, O God, have mercy on me: for my soul trusteth in thee. And in the shadow of thy wings will I hope, until iniquity pass away.
Simplified
My enemies chase me down all the time—there are many of them, attacking me in their arrogance.
My haters are ever ready to put an end to me; great numbers are lifting themselves up against me.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely in wording, with 9 out of 9 words matching. This alignment suggests a strong consistency in the transmission of this verse across different textual traditions.
שָׁאֲפ֣וּ שׁ֭וֹרְרַי כָּל־ הַיּ֑וֹם כִּֽי־ רַבִּ֨ים לֹחֲמִ֖ים לִ֣י מָרֽוֹם׃
9 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 56:2
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
שָׁאַף (sha'aph) is a Hebrew verb with two primary meanings: to gasp or pant, often in a context of longing or desire, and to crush or trample. The word conveys both a sense of eager inhalation and a physical act of crushing. It appears in various forms, indicating both emotional and physical intensity.
שָׁאַף vb. gasp, pant, pant after, long for
base
[שָׁאַף] vb. crush, trample on
base
H7602a שָׁאַף gasp, pant, pant after, long for H7602b שָׁאַף crush, trample on
7602 sha'aph shaw-af'
a primitive root; to inhale eagerly; figuratively, to cover;
by implication, to be angry; also to hasten:--desire
(earnestly), devour, haste, pant, snuff up, swallow up.
שָׁאַף (sha.aph) — to long for.
1) to gasp, pant, pant after, long for, breathe heavily
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to gasp, pant after, snuff up
1a2) to gasp or pant (with desire), pant after, be eager for
1a3) to thirst for one's blood (from actions of animals) (fig)
שָׁאַף (sha.aph) — to crush.
1) to crush, trample, trample upon
1a) (Qal) to trample upon, crush
V-Qal-Perf-3ms | Suff — Verb · Qal · perfect third person common pluralHVqp3cp
שׁוֹרֵר (shorer) refers to an insidious watcher or an enemy. It is derived from a primitive root meaning to be hostile. The term primarily denotes an opponent, emphasizing the active role of hostility.
[שׁוֹרֵר] n.m. (insidious) watcher
base
H8324 שׁוֹרֵר (insidious) watcher
8324 sharar shaw-rar'
a primitive root; to be hostile (only active participle an
opponent):--enemy.
שׁוֹרֵר (sha.rar) — enemy.
(Qal) to be an enemy
HNcmpc/Sp1bs — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp1bs
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.
(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.
(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).
יוֹם (yowm) means 'day' and refers to a division of time, contrasting with night. It can denote a literal 24-hour period, a general time span, or even a year. The term is used in various contexts, including the 'day of Yahweh,' which signifies a time of divine judgment. It also appears in phrases indicating temporal references like today, yesterday, and tomorrow.
יוֹם 2285 n.m. day
day, opp. night
Day as division of time
יוֹם י׳ day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous
Pl. days of anyone
Days
יוֹם = time
Phrases
base
H3117 יוֹם day . day, opp. night
. Day as division of time
. יוֹם י׳ day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous
. Pl. days of anyone
. Days
. יוֹם = time
. Phrases
3117 yowm yome
from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm
hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one
sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by
an associated term), (often used adverb):--age, + always, +
chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to)
day, (now a, two) days (agone), + elder, X end, + evening, +
(for) ever(-lasting, -more), X full, life, as (so) long as
(... live), (even) now, + old, + outlived, + perpetually,
presently, + remaineth, X required, season, X since, space,
then, (process of) time, + as at other times, + in trouble,
weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), X whole
(+ age), (full) year(-ly), + younger.
יוֹם (yom) — day.
: day/when/time/period
1) day, time, year
1a) day (as opposed to night)
1b) day (24 hour period)
1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1
1b2) as a division of time
1b2a) a working day, a day's journey
1c) days, lifetime (pl.)
1d) time, period (general)
1e) year
1f) temporal references
1f1) today
1f2) yesterday
1f3) tomorrow
יוֹם (yom) — day: old.
: old/(full/many)[days]
1) day, time, year
1a) day (as opposed to night)
1b) day (24 hour period)
1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1
1b2) as a division of time
1b2a) a working day, a day's journey
1c) days, lifetime (pl.)
1d) time, period (general)
1e) year
1f) temporal references
1f1) today
1f2) yesterday
1f3) tomorrow
יוֹם (yom) — day: year.
: year[of_days]
1) day, time, year
1a) day (as opposed to night)
1b) day (24 hour period)
1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1
1b2) as a division of time
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
da (yom; hemera): This common word has caused some trouble to plain readers, because they have not noticed that the word is used in several different senses in the English Bible. When the different uses of the word are understood the difficulty of interpretation vanishes. We note several different uses of the word:
(1) It sometimes means the time from daylight till dark. This popular meaning is easily discovered by the context, e. g. Ge 1:5; 8:22, etc. The marked periods of this daytime were morning, noon and night, as with us. See Ps 55:17. The early hours were sometimes called "the cool of the day" (Ge 3:8). After the exile the day. or daytime was divided into twelve hours and the night into twelve (see
Day
The Jews reckoned the day from sunset to sunset (Lev. 23:32). It was originally divided into three parts (Ps. 55:17). “The heat of the day” (1 Sam. 11:11; Neh. 7:3) was at our nine o’clock, and “the cool of the day” just before sunset (Gen. 3:8). Before the Captivity the Jews divided the night into three watches, (1) from sunset to midnight (Lam. 2:19); (2) from midnight till the cock-crowing (Judg. 7:19); and (3) from the cock-crowing till sunrise (Ex.…
The variable length of the natural day at different seasons led in the very earliest times to the adoption of the civil day (or one revolution of the sun) as a standard of time. The Hebrews reckoned the day from evening to evening, (Leviticus 23:32) deriving it from (Genesis 1:5) "the evening and the morning were the first day." The Jews are supposed, like the modern Arabs, to have adopted from an early period minute specifications of the parts of the natural day. Roughly, indeed, they were content to divide it into "morning, evening and noonday," (Psalms 55:17) but when they wished for greater accuracy they pointed to six unequal parts, each of which was again subdivided. These are held to have been -- "the dawn." "Sunrise."…
The day is distinguished into natural, civil, and artificial. The natural day is one revolution of the earth on its axis. The civil day is that, the beginning and the end of which are determined by the custom of any nation. The Hebrews began their day in the evening, Le 23:32; the Babylonians at sunrise; and we begin at midnight. The artificial day is the time of the sun’s continuance above the horizon, which is unequal according to different seasons, on account of the obliquity of the equator. The sacred writers generally divide the day into twelve hours. The sixth hour always ends at noon throughout the year; and the twelfth hour is the last hour before sunset. But in summer, all the hours of the day were longer than in winter, while those of night were shorter. See HOURS, and THREE.
כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'
כִּי conj. that, for, when
that
Of time, when, of the past
elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
Because, since
base
כִּי אם־
each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:
that if
for if
(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—
limiting the prec. clause, except
the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
after an oath, surely
base
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that
. . Of time, when, of the past
. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
. Because, since
H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if
. for if
. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except
. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
. after an oath, surely
H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
3588 kiy kee
a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional
prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent
or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative
conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by
other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,
where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,
even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +
nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,
therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,
whether, while, whom, yea, yet.
כִּי (ki) — for.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if
1f) but rather, but
1g) except that
1h) only, nevertheless
1i) surely
1j) that is
1k) but if
1l) for though
1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.
1) except if
1a) but if
1b) even though
כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
Conj — ParticleHTc
for (ki (conjunction), le, from 'el (preposition), and various other words. In the New Testament also the words are various, chiefly gar, kai gar, hoti (conjunctions); anti apo eis dia (accusative), epi (dative and accusative), peri (genitive), pros (genitive and accusative), huper (genitive) (prepositions)): the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version give in many cases more literal or more accurate renderings than those in the King James Version.
In the New Testament the most important preps. from a doctrinal point of view are anti, "face to face," "over against," "instead," "on behalf of," peri, "around," "about," "concerning," huper, "over," "on behalf of." The first has been claimed as stating the substitutionary nature of Christ's sacrifice as contrasted with huper and peri, more frequently used of it. But, although anti in the New Testament often means…
רַב (rav) means much, many, or great, often used in contrast to מְעַט (me'at). It can describe abundance in quantity or rank and is also used as a noun for chief or captain. The word conveys a range of meanings from numerous to exceedingly, and it can function as both an adjective and a noun.
רַב 429 adj. much, many, great
(oft. opp. מְעַט)
much: of substances
esp. of collectives, numerous
pl. many
רַב as subst. coll. pers.
cstr. = abounding in
מִן comp. = more numerous than
רַב = abundant, enough
as adv. much, exceedingly
less oft. great
base
רַב 49 n.m. chief
base
H7227a רַב much, many, great . (oft. opp. מְעַט) . . much: of substances
. esp. of collectives, numerous
. pl. many
. רַב as subst. coll. pers.
. cstr. = abounding in
. + מִן comp. = more numerous than
. רַב = abundant, enough
. as adv. much, exceedingly
. less oft. great
H7227b רַב chief
7227 rab rab
by contracted from 7231; abundant (in quantity, size, age,
number, rank, quality):--(in) abound(-undance, -ant, -antly),
captain, elder, enough, exceedingly, full, great(-ly, man,
one), increase, long (enough, (time)), (do, have) many(-ifold,
things, a time), ((ship-))master, mighty, more, (too, very)
much, multiply(-tude), officer, often(-times), plenteous,
populous, prince, process (of time), suffice(-lent).
see HEBREW for 07231
רַב (rav) — many.
adj
1) much, many, great
1a) much
1b) many
1c) abounding in
1d) more numerous than
1e) abundant, enough
1f) great
1g) strong
1h) greater than
adv
1i) much, exceedingly
רַב (rav) — chief.
captain, chief
Aramaic equivalent: rav.re.van (רַבְרְבָן "noble" H7261)
רַב (rav) — (Sidon) the Great.
Combined with tsi.don (צִידוֹן "Sidon" H6721H)
§ captain, chief
HAampa — HAampa
pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (about 2,000 times), with le'om, and goy, next in order; but the various Hebrew words are used with very little or no difference in force (e.g. Pr 14:28; but, on the other hand, in Ps 44 contrast verses 12 and 14). Of the changes introduced by the Revised Version (British and American) the only one of significance (cited explicitly in the Preface to the English Revised Version) is the frequent use of the plural "peoples" (strangely avoided in the King James Version except Re 10:11; 17:15), where other nations than Israel are in question. So, for instance, in Ps…
The Hebrew word לָחַם (lacham) has two primary meanings: to fight or do battle, and to eat or use as food. It is a primitive root that conveys both the act of engaging in combat and the act of consuming food. The entries indicate that the word can imply destruction in the context of battle.
[לָחַם] 171 vb. fight, do battle
Qal fight, do battle
Niph. engage in battle (recipr.), sometimes wage war
base
[לָחַם] vb. use as food, eat
base
H3898a לָחַם fight, do battle .fight, do battle
. engage in battle (recipr.), sometimes wage war
H3898b לָחַם use as food, eat
3898 lacham law-kham'
a primitive root; to feed on; figuratively, to consume; by
implication, to battle (as destruction):--devour, eat, X ever,
fight(-ing), overcome, prevail, (make) war(-ring).
לָחַם (la.cham) — to fight.
1) to fight, do battle, make war
1a) (Qal) to fight, do battle
1b) (Niphal) to engage in battle, wage war
לָחַם (la.cham) — to feed on.
(Qal) to eat, use as food
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine pluralHVqrmpa
נִי (ni) — me.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 1st person singular
HR/Sp1bs — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp1bs
מָרוֹם (marowm) means 'height' and encompasses both concrete and abstract uses, referring to elevated places, elevation, and even pride. It can describe physical heights or be used figuratively for dignity and nobility. The word is poetically used in the Old Testament, with its root linked to the concept of altitude.
מָרוֹם n.m. height (poet.)
height, elevation (concr.), elevated place
alone = height of heaven
adv. fig., = proudly
fig. of nobles
base
H4791 מָרוֹם height (poet.)
4791 marowm maw-rome'
from 7311; altitude, i.e. concretely (an elevated place),
abstractly (elevation, figuratively (elation), or adverbially
(aloft):--(far) above, dignity, haughty, height, (most, on)
high (one, place), loftily, upward.
see HEBREW for 07311
מָרוֹם (ma.rom) — height.
1) height
1a) height, elevation, elevated place
1a1) in a high place (adv)
1b) height
1c) proudly (adv)
1d) of nobles (fig.)
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
