Psalms 72:11 — Word Study
WLCוְיִשְׁתַּחֲווּ־ ל֥וֹ כָל־ מְלָכִ֑ים כָּל־ גּוֹיִ֥ם יַֽעַבְדֽוּהוּ׃
BSAMay allkôl [every, the whole] kingsmelek [royal rulers, monarchs] bow downshâchâh▸ [prostrate themselves, worship] [and] allkôl [every, the whole] nationsgôwy [Gentile peoples, ethnic groups] serve himʻâbad▸ [obey, work for]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְיִשְׁתַּחֲווּ־ | and they may bow down | Conjunction, verb pilpel third person masculine plural |
| ל֥וֹ | to him | Preposition, suffix |
| כָל־ | all | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| מְלָכִ֑ים | kings | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| כָּל־ | all | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| גּוֹיִ֥ם | nations | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| יַֽעַבְדֽוּהוּ׃ | they will serve him | Verb qal imperfect third person masculine plural, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | May all kings bow down to him and all nations serve him. |
| KJV | Yea, all kings shall fall down before him: all nations shall serve him. |
| ASV | Yea, all kings shall fall down before him; All nations shall serve him. |
| YLT | And all kings do bow themselves to him, All nations do serve him, |
| WEB | Yes, all kings shall fall down before him. All nations shall serve him. |
| BBE | Yes, let all kings go down before him; let all nations be his servants. |
The translations agree on the essential meaning of the verse, emphasizing the themes of bowing down and serving.
The verse consists of a main clause followed by a prepositional phrase and a second clause, indicating a dual action of bowing and serving.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 72:11
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Reign of the Righteous Kinggenerated
Psalm 72:11 envisions a future where all kings and nations bow down and serve the king, reflecting an ideal of unity and reverence. This verse is situated within a psalm that celebrates the reign of a just ruler, emphasizing the king's role in bringing peace and justice to the world. The context suggests a time of prosperity and divine favor, where even distant nations acknowledge the king's authority, as seen in the preceding verses.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 2:10–12 | Therefore be wise, O kings; be admonished, O judges of the earth. |
| 2 | Psalm 138:4–5 | All the kings of the earth will give You thanks, O LORD, when they hear the words of Your mouth. |
| 3 | Isaiah 49:22–23 | This is what the Lord GOD says: “Behold, I will lift up My hand to the nations, and raise My banner to the peoples. They will bring your sons in their arms and carry your daughters on their shoulders. |
| 4 | Revelation 11:15 | Then the seventh angel sounded his trumpet, and loud voices called out in heaven: “The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of His Christ, and He will reign forever and ever.” |
| 5 | Revelation 17:14 | They will make war against the Lamb, and the Lamb will triumph over them, because He is Lord of lords and King of kings; and He will be accompanied by His called and chosen and faithful ones.” |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 11 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יִשְׁתַּחֲווּ, yish.tach.vugenerated
The verb יִשְׁתַּחֲווּ (*yish.tach.vu*) is a third person masculine plural form of the root חוה (*chavah*), meaning 'to bow down' or 'to prostrate oneself.' This word conveys an act of submission and worship, often directed toward a superior or deity, indicating deep respect.
In this verse, the use of the verb implies a collective action where all kings will bow down, demonstrating their recognition of the king's authority and divine appointment. The act of bowing down is not merely physical but carries a spiritual significance, reflecting a heart posture of reverence and allegiance.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb יִשְׁתַּחֲווּ governs the sentence, indicating the action of bowing down. The structure includes a prepositional phrase indicating to whom the action is directed, followed by a noun phrase that identifies the subjects performing the action.
The sentence's flow emphasizes the collective action of kings and nations, with the repetition of כָּל־ (*kol*) highlighting the inclusivity of the call to worship and service.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יִשְׁתַּחֲווּ as προσκυνήσουσιν (*proskynēsousin*), which also means 'to worship' or 'to bow down.' This choice emphasizes the act of worship in addition to mere submission, indicating a deeper acknowledgment of the king's divine authority.
This translation aligns with the Hebrew meaning but expands the understanding by highlighting the worship aspect, suggesting that the nations' service includes reverent adoration.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 72:11 expresses a hope that all kings will bow down and serve the king. This reflects the ideal of a ruler whose reign brings peace and justice, leading even distant nations to recognize his authority.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies a recognition of authority and submission to a higher power, often associated with worship and respect.
It indicates the universal acknowledgment of the king's reign and the peace that comes from his leadership, suggesting a time of harmony among nations.
This verse highlights the belief that the king is appointed by God and thus deserves reverence and service from all people and nations.
It teaches about the ideal of unity and peace under a righteous ruler, reflecting God's desire for justice and harmony in the world.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways can I show respect and reverence to those in authority over me?
- How do I understand the relationship between service and worship in my own life?
- What does it mean for nations to serve a king in today's context?
- How can I contribute to a spirit of unity and peace in my community?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers, including Augustine of Hippo, reference this verse to discuss the universal reign of Christ and the acknowledgment of His authority by all nations.
"And there shall adore Him all kings of the earth, all nations shall serve Him" [Psalms 72:11].Early Church Fathers on Psalms 72 →
I hear that you often repeat and call attention to the passage in the Gospel where it is written that the seventy disciples went back from the Lord and were left to their own choice in their evil and impious separation;Early Church Fathers on Psalms 72 →
This and many similar prophecies, which it would take too long to quote, would surely impress the mind of the inquirer. He would see these very kings of the earth now happily subdued by Christ, and all nations serving him.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 72 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 72:11 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleYea, all kings shall fall down before him,.... Or worship him; not with a civil, but religious worship; for such worship is due to Christ, he being God equal with the Father, and so to be equally
Read John Gill on Psalms 72 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryYea, all kings shall fall down before him: all nations shall serve him. -All kings shall serve, Him because He is the Saviour of the needy.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 72 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleWhich cannot be said of Solomon with any truth or colour, but was unquestionably verified in Christ; of whom therefore this must be understood. For what is said , that Solomon reigned over all kingdoms, is there limited to them that reigned from the river unto Egypt; whereas the expressions here are unlimited and universal.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 72 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 72:11 Yea, all kings shall fall down before him: all nations shall serve him.Ver. 11. Yea, all kings, &c.] Of Christ this is and shall be verified without a hyperbole. Constantine, Valentinian, and Theodosius, three emperors, called themselves Christ’ s vassals, as Socrates reporteth; Canutus set his crown upon the crucifix, &c.
Read John Trapp on Psalms 72 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(11) Yea, all kings shall . . .—Better, as before, Let all kings.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 72 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 11. All kings shall fall down before] They shall reverence him on account of his great wisdom, riches, c. All nations shalt serve him.] All the surrounding nations. This and the preceding verses are fully explained by 1Kg 10:23-25: "King Solomon exceeded all the kings of the earth for riches and for wisdom. And all the earth sought unto Solomon to hear his wisdom. And they brought every man his present, vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and garments and armour, and spices, horses and mules, a rate year by year." If we take these expressions to mean literally all the habitable globe, then they cannot be applied to Solomon but if we take them as they are most evidently used by the…
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 72 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges11. Yea, let all kings fall down before him, Let all nations serve him. The allusions to Solomon’s empire in this and the preceding verse are obvious. “All kingdoms brought presents and served Solomon.” … “All the earth sought to Solomon, to hear his wisdom, … and they brought every man his present.” His alliance with Phoenicia brought him into connexion with the West; he had extensive commerce both by sea and land with the East and South; his fame brought the queen of Sheba to visit him in person. See 1 Kings 4:21; 1 Kings 4:34; 1 Kings 10:1 ff., 1 Kings 10:11; 1 Kings 10:15; 1 Kings 10:22; 1 Kings 10:25; 1 Kings 10:28-29.
Read Cambridge on Psalms 72 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleYea, all kings shall fall down ... - That is, his reign will be universal. The kings and people mentioned in the previous verses are only specimens of what will occur.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 72 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
May all kings bow down to him and all nations serve him.
Yes, all kings shall fall down before him. All nations shall serve him.
May all kings bow down to him and all nations serve him.
All kings will bow down to him; all nations will serve him.
Tyndale line
Yea, all kings shall fall down before him: all nations shall serve him.
Yea, all kings shall fall down before him; All nations shall serve him.
Yea, all kings shall fall down before him: all nations shall serve him.
Yes, all kings shall fall down before him: all nations shall serve him.
Yea, all Kings shall worship him: all nations shall serue him.
Strictly literal
Yea, all kings shall bow down before him; all nations shall serve him.
And all kings do bow themselves to him, All nations do serve him,
And all kings bow themselves to Him, || All nations serve Him,
Yea, there shall bow down before him all kings: all nations shall serve him.
Indeed, may all kings fall down before him; may all nations serve him.
From the Latin
And they said: How doth God know? and is there knowledge in the most High?
Simplified
Every king will bow down to him; every nation will serve him.
Yes, let all kings go down before him; let all nations be his servants.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree in their wording for this verse, with all seven words matched. This consistency indicates a shared understanding of the text's meaning across these ancient witnesses.
וְיִשְׁתַּחֲווּ־ ל֥וֹ כָל־ מְלָכִ֑ים כָּל־ גּוֹיִ֥ם יַֽעַבְדֽוּהוּ׃
7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 72:11
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word שָׁחָה (*shachah*) is a primitive root meaning to bow down or prostrate oneself, particularly in homage to a superior or in worship before God. It can also imply a figurative sense of being depressed by anxiety. The entries highlight its use in various contexts, including worship of both God and false gods.
[שָׁחָה] 172 vb. bow down
Qal bow down
Hiph. fig., anxiety depresses it
Hithpa‛lēl
bow down, prostrate oneself, before a monarch or superior, in homage, etc.
before God, in worship
before other gods
base
H7812 שָׁחָה bow down .bow down
. fig., anxiety depresses it
.. bow down, prostrate oneself, before a monarch or superior, in homage, etc.
. before God, in worship
. before other gods
7812 shachah shaw-khaw'
a primitive root; to depress, i.e. prostrate (especially
reflexive, in homage to royalty or God):--bow (self) down,
crouch, fall down (flat), humbly beseech, do (make) obeisance,
do reverence, make to stoop, worship.
שָׁחָה (sha.chah) — to bow.
1) to bow down
1a) (Qal) to bow down
1b)(Hiphil) to depress (fig)
1c) (Hithpael)
1c1) to bow down, prostrate oneself
1c1a) before superior in homage
1c1b) before God in worship
1c1c) before false gods
1c1d) before angel
Conj | V-v-Imperf-3mp — Conjunction · verb pilpel third person masculine pluralHC/Vvu3mp
וֹ (o) — him.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular
HR/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3ms
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.
(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.
(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).
The Hebrew word מֶ֫לֶךְ (*melek*) means 'king.' It is derived from a root that suggests royalty. The term appears in various contexts, including references to specific kings and locations, such as the 'King's Highway' in Numbers 20:17 and the 'King's Valley' in Genesis 14:17. The lexicons note its Aramaic equivalent and mention its use in the context of individuals like Hammelech in Jeremiah.
מֶ֫לֶךְ 2513 n.m. king
base
H4428 מֶ֫לֶךְ king
4428 melek meh'-lek
from 4427; a king:--king, royal.
see HEBREW for 04427
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — king.
1) king
Aramaic equivalent: me.lekh (מֶ֫לֶךְ "king" H4430)
הַמֶּלֶךְ (me.lekh) — `the king`.
'the king' or a name, Hammelech in KJV of Jer.36.26; 38.6- a man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.36.26;
father of: Jerahmeel (H3396I) and Malchijah (H4441H); also translated "the king";
§ A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.36.26;
father of: Jerahmeel (H3396I) and Malchijah (H4441H); also translated "the king";
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.
King's (Highway) (Num.20.17)
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.
Another name of she.lach (שֶׁ֫לַח "Shelah" H7975A)
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — Milcom.
Another name of mo.lekh (מֹ֫לֶךְ "Molech" H4432)
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.
King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
of Judah and Israel. For the list see table at the end of this volume.
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.
(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.
(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).
גּוֹי (goy) refers to a nation or people, often indicating non-Hebrew groups, but can also encompass descendants of Abraham and Israel. It may figuratively describe a swarm of locusts or animals. The plural form, גּוֹיִם (goyim), is noted as a proper noun referring to the people of Goim, specifically mentioned in Genesis 14:1.
גּוֹי 661 n.m. nation, people
base
גּוֹיִם n.pr.gent. Tid‛al king of Goim
base
H1471a גּוֹי nation, people H1471b גּוֹיִם n. pr. gent. Tid‛al king of Goim
1471 gowy go'-ee
rarely (shortened) goy {go'-ee}; apparently from the same
root as 1465 (in the sense of massing); a foreign nation;
hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a
flight of locusts:--Gentile, heathen, nation, people.
see HEBREW for 01465
גּוֹי (goy) — nation.
1) nation, people
1a) nation, people
1a1) usually of non-Hebrew people
1a2) of descendants of Abraham
1a3) of Israel
1b) of swarm of locusts, other animals (fig.)
גּוֹיִם (go.yim) — Goiim.
People descended from Goy(?), first mentioned at Gen.14.1
§ Goyim (Tidgal, king of)
גּוֹי (goy) — Gentile.
1) nation, people
1a) nation, people
1a1) usually of non-Hebrew people
1a2) of descendants of Abraham
1a3) of Israel
1b) of swarm of locusts, other animals (fig.)
1c) Goyim? = "nations"
Also named: ethnos (ἔθνος "Gentiles" G1484)
גּוֹי (goy) — (Harosheth)-hagoyim.
Goyim (Tidgal, king of)
Combined with cha.ro.shet (חֲרֹ֫שֶׁת "Harosheth" H2800)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
na'-shunz.
See GENTILES; GOIIM; HEATHEN; TABLE OF NATIONS.
עָבַד (abad) is a Hebrew verb meaning to work or serve, encompassing a range of activities from laboring for others to serving God, including Levitical service. It can also refer to the cultivation of land or the act of enslaving. The word appears in various forms, indicating different nuances of service and labor.
עָבַד 290 vb. work, serve
Qal
labour, work, do work
work for another, serve him by labour
serve as subjects
serve God
serve י׳ with Levitical service
Niph.
be tilled, of land
dub. cultivated field
Pu. worked
Hiph.
compel to labour as slaves
make to serve as subjects
cause to serve God
Hoph. be led or enticed to serve
base
H5647 עָבַד work, serve .. labour, work, do work
. work for another, serve him by labour
. serve as subjects
. serve God
. serve י׳ with Levitical service
. . be tilled, of land
. dub. cultivated field
. worked
. . compel to labour as slaves
. make to serve as subjects
. cause to serve God
. be led or enticed to serve
5647 `abad aw-bad'
a primitive root; to work (in any sense); by implication, to
serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc.:--X be, keep in
bondage, be bondmen, bond-service, compel, do, dress, ear,
execute, + husbandman, keep, labour(-ing man, bring to pass,
(cause to, make to) serve(-ing, self), (be, become)
servant(-s), do (use) service, till(-er), transgress (from
margin), (set a) work, be wrought, worshipper,
עָבַד (a.vad) — to serve.
: serve[someone]
1) to work, serve
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to labour, work, do work
1a2) to work for another, serve another by labour
1a3) to serve as subjects
1a4) to serve (God)
1a5) to serve (with Levitical service)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be worked, be tilled (of land)
1b2) to make oneself a servant
1c) (Pual) to be worked
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to compel to labour or work, cause to labour, cause to serve
1d2) to cause to serve as subjects
1e) (Hophal) to be led or enticed to serve
עָבַד (a.vad) — to serve: minister.
: minister/serve[God/tabernacle/temple]/worship
1) to work, serve
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to labour, work, do work
1a2) to work for another, serve another by labour
1a3) to serve as subjects
1a4) to serve (God)
1a5) to serve (with Levitical service)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be worked, be tilled (of land)
1b2) to make oneself a servant
1c) (Pual) to be worked
1d) (Hiphil)
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp | Suff — Verb qal imperfect third person masculine plural · suffixHVqi3mp/Sp3ms