Hebrew Word Reference — Zephaniah 2:3
This Hebrew verb means to seek or search for something. In Psalm 105:4, it's used to encourage seeking God's face. It's also used in 1 Samuel 28:8 where Saul seeks a medium.
Definition: 1) to seek, require, desire, exact, request 1a) (Piel) 1a1) to seek to find 1a2) to seek to secure 1a3) to seek the face 1a4) to desire, demand 1a5) to require, exact 1a6) to ask, request 1b) (Pual) to be sought
Usage: Occurs in 215 OT verses. KJV: ask, beg, beseech, desire, enquire, get, make inquisition, procure, (make) request, require, seek (for). See also: Genesis 31:39; Esther 7:7; Psalms 4:3.
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
Yehovah is another name for God, often translated as 'the Lord'. It is a national name for God in the Jewish faith. This name is used throughout the Old Testament.
Definition: Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
Usage: Occurs in 5522 OT verses. KJV: Jehovah, the Lord. Compare H3050 (יָהּ), H3069 (יְהֹוִה). See also: Genesis 2:4; Genesis 24:42; Exodus 8:8.
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Usage: Occurs in 4242 OT verses. KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). See also: Genesis 1:21; Genesis 17:10; Genesis 41:40.
To be poor or humble, often describing someone who is meek or weak. In the Bible, it can also mean to be afflicted or lowly, as seen in Matthew 5:5.
Definition: 1) poor, humble, afflicted, meek 1a) poor, needy 1b) poor and weak 1c) poor, weak and afflicted 1d) humble, lowly, meek
Usage: Occurs in 24 OT verses. KJV: humble, lowly, meek, poor. Compare H6041 (עָנִי). See also: Numbers 12:3; Psalms 147:6; Psalms 9:13.
The land or earth refers to the soil or ground, and can also mean a country, territory, or region. In the Bible, it is used to describe the earth and its inhabitants, and is often translated as 'land' or 'country'.
Definition: : soil 1) land, earth 1a) earth 1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part) 1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven) 1a3) earth (inhabitants) 1b) land 1b1) country, territory 1b2) district, region 1b3) tribal territory 1b4) piece of ground 1b5) land of Canaan, Israel 1b6) inhabitants of land 1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world 1b8) city (-state) 1c) ground, surface of the earth 1c1) ground 1c2) soil 1d) (in phrases) 1d1) people of the land 1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance) 1d3) level or plain country 1d4) land of the living 1d5) end(s) of the earth 1e) (almost wholly late in usage) 1e1) lands, countries 1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan
Usage: Occurs in 2190 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] common, country, earth, field, ground, land, [idiom] natins, way, [phrase] wilderness, world. See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 18:18; Genesis 42:13.
This Hebrew word is a conjunction that connects ideas and events in the Bible, like in the book of Genesis, where it's used to describe the relationship between God and His creation.
Definition: A: 1) (relative part.) 1a) which, who 1b) that which 2) (conj) 2a) that (in obj clause) 2b) when 2c) since 2d) as 2e) conditional if B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which 2) (adv) 2a) where 3) (conj) 3a) in that, inasmuch as 3b) on account of C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which 2) from (the place) where 3) from (the fact) that, since D: Kaph+ 1) (conj.), according as, as, when 1a) according to that which, according as, as 1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since 1c) with a temporal force: when
Usage: Occurs in 4440 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever, when, where ([phrase] -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, [phrase] whither(-soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 20:9; Genesis 31:16.
Mishpat means justice or judgment, and is often used to describe God's righteous judgment, as well as human laws and decisions, in books like Deuteronomy and Isaiah.
Definition: : judgement/punishment 1) judgment, justice, ordinance 1a) judgment 1a1) act of deciding a case 1a2) place, court, seat of judgment 1a3) process, procedure, litigation (before judges) 1a4) case, cause (presented for judgment) 1a5) sentence, decision (of judgment) 1a6) execution (of judgment) 1a7) time (of judgment) 1b) justice, right, rectitude (attributes of God or man) 1c) ordinance 1d) decision (in law) 1e) right, privilege, due (legal) 1f) proper, fitting, measure, fitness, custom, manner, plan
Usage: Occurs in 406 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] adversary, ceremony, charge, [idiom] crime, custom, desert, determination, discretion, disposing, due, fashion, form, to be judged, judgment, just(-ice, -ly), (manner of) law(-ful), manner, measure, (due) order, ordinance, right, sentence, usest, [idiom] worthy, [phrase] wrong. See also: Genesis 18:19; 1 Kings 2:3; Psalms 1:5.
To work or do something is the meaning of this Hebrew verb, often used to describe habitual or systematic actions. It can also mean to make or practise something.
Definition: 1) to do, make 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to do 1a2) to make
Usage: Occurs in 55 OT verses. KJV: commit, (evil-) do(-er), make(-r), ordain, work(-er). See also: Exodus 15:17; Psalms 59:3; Psalms 5:6.
This Hebrew verb means to seek or search for something. In Psalm 105:4, it's used to encourage seeking God's face. It's also used in 1 Samuel 28:8 where Saul seeks a medium.
Definition: 1) to seek, require, desire, exact, request 1a) (Piel) 1a1) to seek to find 1a2) to seek to secure 1a3) to seek the face 1a4) to desire, demand 1a5) to require, exact 1a6) to ask, request 1b) (Pual) to be sought
Usage: Occurs in 215 OT verses. KJV: ask, beg, beseech, desire, enquire, get, make inquisition, procure, (make) request, require, seek (for). See also: Genesis 31:39; Esther 7:7; Psalms 4:3.
Represents the idea of righteousness or justice, often referring to God's character or the standard for human behavior. It is closely tied to the concept of morality and what is right. The word is used to describe the ideal for human conduct and society.
Definition: This name means justice, righteousness Another name of ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068G)
Usage: Occurs in 112 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] even, ([idiom] that which is altogether) just(-ice), (un-)right(-eous) (cause, -ly, -ness). See also: Leviticus 19:15; Psalms 119:138; Psalms 4:2.
This Hebrew verb means to seek or search for something. In Psalm 105:4, it's used to encourage seeking God's face. It's also used in 1 Samuel 28:8 where Saul seeks a medium.
Definition: 1) to seek, require, desire, exact, request 1a) (Piel) 1a1) to seek to find 1a2) to seek to secure 1a3) to seek the face 1a4) to desire, demand 1a5) to require, exact 1a6) to ask, request 1b) (Pual) to be sought
Usage: Occurs in 215 OT verses. KJV: ask, beg, beseech, desire, enquire, get, make inquisition, procure, (make) request, require, seek (for). See also: Genesis 31:39; Esther 7:7; Psalms 4:3.
This word describes humility, referring to a modest or humble mindset, whether in humans or as a divine trait of God's clemency.
Definition: humility, meekness Also means: an.vah (עַנְוָה "gentleness" H6037)
Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: gentleness, humility, meekness. See also: Proverbs 15:33; Proverbs 22:4; Proverbs 18:12.
Ulay means perhaps or if not, used to express uncertainty or doubt. It appears in various forms, such as peradventure or unless. It helps to convey tentative ideas.
Definition: 1) perhaps, peradventure 2) if peradventure 3) unless 4) suppose
Usage: Occurs in 44 OT verses. KJV: if so be, may be, peradventure, unless. See also: Genesis 16:2; 1 Samuel 14:6; Isaiah 37:4.
This word means to hide or conceal something, like covering it up. It can also mean to keep something secret or hidden from others, as in Psalm 27:5.
Definition: 1) to hide, conceal 1a) (Niphal) 1a1) to hide oneself 1a2) to be hidden, be concealed 1b) (Piel) to hide carefully 1c) (Pual) to be hidden carefully, be concealed 1d) (Hiphil) to conceal, hide 1e) (Hithpael) to hide oneself carefully Aramaic equivalent: se.tar (סְתַר "to hide" H5642A)
Usage: Occurs in 80 OT verses. KJV: be absent, keep close, conceal, hide (self), (keep) secret, [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 4:14; Psalms 55:13; Psalms 10:11.
The Hebrew word 'yom' refers to a day, which can be a literal 24-hour period or a figurative space of time. It is used in the Bible to describe a wide range of time periods, from a single day to a year or a lifetime. The word 'yom' is used in many different contexts throughout the Bible.
Definition: : day/when/time/period 1) day, time, year 1a) day (as opposed to night) 1b) day (24 hour period) 1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1 1b2) as a division of time 1b2a) a working day, a day's journey 1c) days, lifetime (pl.) 1d) time, period (general) 1e) year 1f) temporal references 1f1) today 1f2) yesterday 1f3) tomorrow
Usage: Occurs in 1930 OT verses. KJV: age, [phrase] always, [phrase] chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), [phrase] elder, [idiom] end, [phrase] evening, [phrase] (for) ever(-lasting, -more), [idiom] full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, [phrase] old, [phrase] outlived, [phrase] perpetually, presently, [phrase] remaineth, [idiom] required, season, [idiom] since, space, then, (process of) time, [phrase] as at other times, [phrase] in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), [idiom] whole ([phrase] age), (full) year(-ly), [phrase] younger. See also: Genesis 1:5; Genesis 33:13; Exodus 23:15.
This Hebrew word can mean face, but also anger or nose. It is used to describe someone's countenance or emotions, like anger or patience. In the Bible, it appears in various contexts, including descriptions of God's emotions.
Definition: : face 1) nostril, nose, face 2) anger
Usage: Occurs in 269 OT verses. KJV: anger(-gry), [phrase] before, countenance, face, [phrase] forebearing, forehead, [phrase] (long-) suffering, nose, nostril, snout, [idiom] worthy, wrath. See also: Genesis 2:7; Nehemiah 8:6; Psalms 2:5.
Yehovah is another name for God, often translated as 'the Lord'. It is a national name for God in the Jewish faith. This name is used throughout the Old Testament.
Definition: Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
Usage: Occurs in 5522 OT verses. KJV: Jehovah, the Lord. Compare H3050 (יָהּ), H3069 (יְהֹוִה). See also: Genesis 2:4; Genesis 24:42; Exodus 8:8.
Context — A Call to Repentance
1Gather yourselves, gather together, O shameful nation,
2before the decree takes effect and the day passes like chaff, before the burning anger of the LORD comes upon you, before the Day of the LORD’s anger comes upon you.
3Seek the LORD, all you humble of the earth who carry out His justice. Seek righteousness; seek humility. Perhaps you will be sheltered on the day of the LORD’s anger.
4For Gaza will be abandoned, and Ashkelon left in ruins. Ashdod will be driven out at noon, and Ekron will be uprooted.
5Woe to the dwellers of the seacoast, O nation of the Cherethites! The word of the LORD is against you, O Canaan, land of the Philistines: “I will destroy you, and no one will be left.”
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) |
| 1 |
Amos 5:14–15 |
Seek good, not evil, so that you may live. And the LORD, the God of Hosts, will be with you, as you have claimed. Hate evil and love good; establish justice in the gate. Perhaps the LORD, the God of Hosts, will be gracious to the remnant of Joseph.” |
| 2 |
Isaiah 26:20–21 |
Go, my people, enter your rooms and shut your doors behind you. Hide yourselves a little while until the wrath has passed. For behold, the LORD is coming out of His dwelling to punish the inhabitants of the earth for their iniquity. The earth will reveal her bloodshed and will no longer conceal her slain. |
| 3 |
Psalms 76:9 |
when God rose up to judge, to save all the lowly of the earth. Selah |
| 4 |
Jeremiah 29:12–13 |
Then you will call upon Me and come and pray to Me, and I will listen to you. You will seek Me and find Me when you search for Me with all your heart. |
| 5 |
Psalms 22:26 |
The poor will eat and be satisfied; those who seek the LORD will praise Him. May your hearts live forever! |
| 6 |
Jonah 3:9 |
Who knows? God may turn and relent; He may turn from His fierce anger, so that we will not perish.” |
| 7 |
Psalms 105:4 |
Seek out the LORD and His strength; seek His face always. |
| 8 |
Isaiah 55:6–7 |
Seek the LORD while He may be found; call on Him while He is near. Let the wicked man forsake his own way and the unrighteous man his own thoughts; let him return to the LORD, that He may have compassion, and to our God, for He will freely pardon. |
| 9 |
Jeremiah 39:18 |
For I will surely rescue you so that you do not fall by the sword. Because you have trusted in Me, you will escape with your life like a spoil of war, declares the LORD.’” |
| 10 |
Hosea 10:12 |
Sow for yourselves righteousness and reap the fruit of loving devotion; break up your unplowed ground. For it is time to seek the LORD until He comes and sends righteousness upon you like rain. |
Zephaniah 2:3 Summary
Zephaniah 2:3 is a call to seek the LORD and live a life of righteousness and humility. This means turning to God in surrender and seeking a personal relationship with Him, as seen in Jeremiah 29:13. By doing so, we may be sheltered from God's anger and judgment, which will one day come upon the world (Isaiah 13:9). As we seek to follow God's commands and principles, we can cultivate humility and recognize our dependence on Him, leading to a life of peace and joy (Psalms 119:165).
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean to 'seek the LORD' in Zephaniah 2:3?
To seek the LORD means to turn to Him in humility and surrender, seeking a personal relationship with Him, as seen in Deuteronomy 4:29 and Jeremiah 29:13.
Who are the 'humble of the earth' mentioned in this verse?
The humble of the earth are those who recognize their dependence on God and live in accordance with His will, as described in Micah 6:8 and Matthew 5:5.
What is the 'day of the LORD's anger' referred to in Zephaniah 2:3?
The day of the LORD's anger is a time of judgment and reckoning, when God will pour out His wrath on those who have rejected Him, as seen in Isaiah 13:9 and Revelation 6:17.
How can we 'seek righteousness' and 'seek humility' as mentioned in this verse?
We can seek righteousness by following God's commands and principles, as outlined in Psalms 119:172, and seek humility by recognizing our limitations and dependence on God, as seen in Proverbs 22:4 and 1 Peter 5:6.
Reflection Questions
- What are some areas in my life where I need to seek the LORD and His righteousness?
- How can I cultivate humility in my daily life, and what are the benefits of doing so?
- In what ways can I 'carry out His justice' in my community and world, as mentioned in Zephaniah 2:3?
- What does it mean to be 'sheltered on the day of the LORD's anger', and how can I prepare for that day?
- How can I balance the call to seek righteousness and humility with the reality of living in a fallen world?
Gill's Exposition on Zephaniah 2:3
Seek ye the Lord, all ye meek of the earth,.... Or "of the land", of the land of Judea.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Zephaniah 2:3
Seek ye the LORD, all ye meek of the earth, which have wrought his judgment; seek righteousness, seek meekness: it may be ye shall be hid in the day of the LORD's anger.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Zephaniah 2:3
Seek ye the Lord; turn to him with sound and true repentance, pray for pardon, engage in new obedience, inquire in the law what is your duty, and do it; fear, worship, depend on the Lord alone. All ye meek; ye humble ones, who have not hardened yourselves with the stubborn, proud, idolatrous hypocrites, but have trembled at the word of the Lord. Of the earth; of Judea, which is here spoken of, as . Which have wrought his judgment; obeyed his precepts; so doth the Scripture express obedience to the law of God by doing judgment, . Seek righteousness; inquire and know the righteousness which God commandeth, which you ought to persist in, and continue ye in it. Seek meekness; carry it humbly towards God, and patiently under his corrections; so wait on the just and merciful God. It may be: this is sufficient to raise hope; if it be not sure, if it be hard, yet it is not impossible. Ye shall be hid; under the wing of Divine protecting Providence kept safe from, or in, these troubles they shall be either averted or abated.
Trapp's Commentary on Zephaniah 2:3
Zephaniah 2:3 Seek ye the LORD, all ye meek of the earth, which have wrought his judgment; seek righteousness, seek meekness: it may be ye shall be hid in the day of the LORD’ S anger.Ver. 3. Seek ye the Lord, all ye meek of the earth] Here the prophet turneth himself to the better sort; for upon those hypocritical halters aforementioned he had but lost his sweet words; he did but wash a blackamoor. We read not in Scripture of any hypocrite’ s conversion; and what wonder? for whereas after sin conversion is left as a means to cure all other sinners, what means to recover him who hath converted conversion itself into sin? This made our Saviour say to his disciples concerning the Pharisees, those cankered hypocrites, "Let them alone," Matthew 15:14, and himself weary of wasting words upon them, called to the multitude and said, "hear ye and understand," Zephaniah 2:10. In like sort this prophet here, "Seek ye the Lord"; for it is past time of day with them to seek him; therefore they shall go with their flocks and their herds to seek the Lord, but they shall not find him; he hath withdrawn himself from them, Hosea 5:6. Concerning seeking the Lord see. All ye meek of the earth] This is the character, the distinctive note of a true Christian; who, as he is sure to be afflicted (affliction and meekness grow both upon the same root in the holy tongue), so by affliction he is meekened and mortified, his flesh is crucified with the affections and lusts; and so he is fitted to seek the Lord, to lie at his feet and say, Speak, Lord, for thy servant heareth. These meek and lowly ones (ταπεινοι, Septuag.) are they whom God will teach, Psalms 25:9, beautify, Psalms 149:4, solace, Isaiah 29:19; Isaiah 61:1, save: God will save the humble person, Job 22:29. Now meekness and humility are a pair of twin sisters, never asunder ( Sorores collactaneae) sisters nourished at the same breast. See how they go coupled, Matthew 11:29, and the Seventy render this text, all the lowly of the earth, that are as low as the earth in your own eyes and esteem (ταπεινος, quasi, εδαφεινος, solo aequatus).
Which have wrought his judgment] i.e. Have been doing at it, qui fecistis praecepta etsi non prefecistis, who aim at perfection though ye cannot attain to it, who think upon his commandments to do them, Psalms 103:18, having respect to them all, and wishing well to the work, Psalms 118:5-6, which God graciously accepteth as a working his judgment, and yet would have you to abound more and more. Wherefore, Seek righteousness, seek meekness] i.e. Further measures of holiness and degrees of grace.
Ellicott's Commentary on Zephaniah 2:3
(3) Wrought his judgment.—Or, rather, executed His sentence—acted in compliance with His revealed will by refraining from the sins above specified.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Zephaniah 2:3
Verse 3. Ye meek of the earth] ענוי anavey, ye oppressed and humbled of the land. It may be ye shall be hid] The sword has not a commission against you. Ask God, and he will be a refuge to you from the storm and from the tempest.
Cambridge Bible on Zephaniah 2:3
3. all ye meek of the earth] Though the exhortation to seek the Lord (Amos 5:6; Isaiah 55:6) be addressed specially to the prophet’s own people of Judah, there is no necessity for rendering, meek of the land. The “meek” are those humble before Jehovah, cf. Zephaniah 3:12; they are further described as those that do His judgment or ordinance, that is, obey in life the statutes of the Lord. They are exhorted to renew, or to continue more importunately, their seeking of the Lord in face of the approaching day of trouble. It may be ye shall be hid] The figure is that of finding refuge from a storm passing over, or a foe sweeping past. Isaiah 26:20, “Come, my people, enter thou into thy chambers; hide thyself for a little moment, until the indignation be overpast”; Job 14:13, “Oh that thou wouldst hide me in Sheòl, that thou wouldst keep me secret until thy wrath be past.” Even amidst what looks like absolute certainty of the divine judgment, the prophets cannot renounce the idea of the possibility of the people’s repenting and averting the impending wrath; cf. Jeremiah 7:5-7; Jeremiah 26:3; Jeremiah 36:3; Jeremiah 36:5; Amos 5:6; Amos 5:15.
Barnes' Notes on Zephaniah 2:3
Seek ye the Lord - He had exhorted sinners to penitence; he now calls the righteous to persevere and increase more and more.
Whedon's Commentary on Zephaniah 2:3
TO , Zephaniah 2:1-3.As the Book of Zephaniah is arranged now, Zephaniah 2:1-3, is connected closely with Zephaniah 2:4-15.
Sermons on Zephaniah 2:3
| Sermon | Description |
|
Judgment Could It Be?
by Bill McLeod
|
In this sermon, the preacher discusses the importance of recognizing and repenting for our sins. He references Romans 2:5, which asks if we despise the riches of God's goodness and |
|
The Outpoured Wrath of a Long-Provoked God
by E.A. Johnston
|
In this sermon, the pastor discusses the decline of America as a nation and attributes it to the sins of the people. He refers to the history of America being favored by God in tim |
|
Few Find the Way to Life - Part 4
by Zac Poonen
|
The sermon discusses the concept of the 'great gulf' as illustrated in the story of the rich man and Lazarus, emphasizing the importance of humility over pride in determining one's |
|
Bible Survey - Zephaniah
by Peter Hammond
|
Peter Hammond preaches on the prophet Zephaniah, who delivered prophecies during the reign of King Josiah, calling for repentance and seeking righteousness and humility. Zephaniah' |
|
Concerning the Times and Seasons, Both Which Have Been, and Are Yet to Be
by Isaac Penington
|
Isaac Penington preaches about the times and seasons in history, highlighting the joy of being in God's image, the consequences of sin and disobedience, the blessings and curses up |
|
New Years' Address, January 1853
by J.C. Philpot
|
J.C. Philpot delivers a powerful sermon reflecting on the state of the church amidst worldly progress and material prosperity, questioning the lack of vital godliness and grace des |
|
War on Earth - Part 2
by Derek Prince
|
This sermon delves into the topic of demons, distinguishing them from devils and exploring their potential origins as disembodied spirits. It recounts a personal experience of deli |