1 Chronicles 4:15 — Word Study
WLCוּבְנֵי֙ כָּלֵ֣ב בֶּן־ יְפֻנֶּ֔ה עִ֥ירוּ אֵלָ֖ה וָנָ֑עַם וּבְנֵ֥י אֵלָ֖ה וּקְנַֽז׃
BSAThe sonsbên [descendants, offspring] of CalebKâlêb [a faithful Israelite] sonbên of JephunnehYᵉphunneh [a leader from the tribe of Judah] IruʻÎyrûw△ [watch, reflection] ElahʼÊlâh [oak valley] and NaamNaʻam△ [pleasant, lovely] The sonbên [child, heir] of ElahʼÊlâh [strong, oak tree] KenazQᵉnaz [hunter, pursuer]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וּבְנֵי֙ | and [the] sons of | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural construct |
| כָּלֵ֣ב | Caleb | Noun proper masculine |
| בֶּן־ | [the] son of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| יְפֻנֶּ֔ה | Jephunneh | Noun proper masculine |
| עִ֥ירוּ | Iru | Noun proper masculine |
| אֵלָ֖ה | Elah | Noun proper masculine |
| וָנָ֑עַם | and Naam | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וּבְנֵ֥י | and [the] sons of | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural construct |
| אֵלָ֖ה | Elah | Noun proper masculine |
| וּקְנַֽז׃ | and Kenaz | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | The sons of Caleb son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam. The son of Elah: Kenaz. |
| KJV | And the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh; Iru, Elah, and Naam: and the sons of Elah, even Kenaz. |
| ASV | And the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam; and the sons of Elah; and Kenaz. |
| YLT | And sons of Caleb son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam; and sons of Elah, even Kenaz. |
| WEB | The sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam. The son of Elah: Kenaz. |
| BBE | And the sons of Caleb, the son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam; and the son of Elah: Kenaz. |
Where they part company is יְפֻנֶּ֔ה — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence is structured around the main clause, followed by details about Caleb's sons and then the son of Elah.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
2 of 10 occur nowhere else in the Old Testament — words chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 4:15
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Lineage of Calebgenerated
1 Chronicles 4:15 lists the sons of Caleb, a notable figure from the tribe of Judah, emphasizing his descendants and their roles. This genealogy is part of a larger record that traces the lineage of the Israelites, showing the importance of family heritage in biblical history. The mention of Caleb connects to earlier narratives in Numbers 13:6 and Joshua 14:6-14, where Caleb's faith and leadership are highlighted.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Numbers 13:6–30 | from the tribe of Judah, Caleb son of Jephunneh; |
| 2 | Numbers 14:6–10 | Joshua son of Nun and Caleb son of Jephunneh, who were among those who had spied out the land, tore their clothes |
| 3 | Joshua 14:6–14 | Then the sons of Judah approached Joshua at Gilgal, and Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite said to him, “You know what the LORD said to Moses the man of God at Kadesh-barnea about you and me. |
| 4 | Joshua 15:13–20 | According to the LORD’s command to him, Joshua gave Caleb son of Jephunneh a portion among the sons of Judah—Kiriath-arba, that is, Hebron. (Arba was the forefather of Anak.) |
| 5 | Judges 1:12–14 | And Caleb said, “To the man who strikes down Kiriath-sepher and captures it, I will give my daughter Acsah in marriage.” |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — בֵּן, u.ve.Neigenerated
The word בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'child' and can refer to descendants or heirs. It indicates familial relationships and inheritance, emphasizing lineage and connection within families. In this verse, it is used to denote the sons of Caleb, illustrating the importance of ancestry in the biblical narrative.
The parsing as a noun common masculine plural construct shows that it is used to refer to multiple sons, indicating a broader family group rather than a single individual. This reflects the structure of genealogies in the Old Testament, where family ties are crucial.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main clause is governed by the noun phrase וּבְנֵי֙, and the sons of, which introduces the subject of the genealogy. This is followed by a series of noun phrases that enumerate the sons of Caleb and the son of Elah, creating a clear lineage.
The structure emphasizes the relationship between Caleb and his descendants, with the order of names reflecting their significance in the family line.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates בֵּן as υἱοὶ, which also means 'sons.' This choice maintains the familial context of the Hebrew while using a Greek term familiar to its audience.
The translation of יְפֻנֶּ֔ה as ιεφοννη shows a direct correspondence, preserving the name's significance and connection to Caleb's lineage.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 4:15 lists Caleb's sons: Iru, Elah, and Naam, and mentions Kenaz as the son of Elah. This verse highlights the importance of Caleb's family in the history of Israel, showing the continuation of his lineage.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Caleb was a leader from the tribe of Judah, known for his faith and bravery during the Israelites' journey to the Promised Land.
Iru means 'watch' or 'reflection,' indicating a characteristic or role in the biblical account.
Genealogy establishes family connections, inheritance rights, and the fulfillment of God's promises through specific lineages.
Elah refers to both a personal name and a geographical location, emphasizing the connection between Caleb's descendants and their heritage.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How does understanding Caleb's lineage help us appreciate the history of the Israelites?
- What can we learn from the names and meanings of Caleb's sons?
- In what ways does genealogy play a role in our own families today?
- How does this verse connect to the broader narrative of the Israelites' journey?
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 4:15 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh,.... Jephunneh is not the same with Hezron, as the Targum, but another son of Kenaz, hence called the Kenezite, Joshua 14:6 and brother of Othniel; and
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 4 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh; Iru, Elah, and Naam: and the sons of Elah, even Kenaz. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 4 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleAnother Kenaz, differing from that Kenaz . Or his name might be Uknaz.
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 4 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments1 Chronicles 4:15 And the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh; Iru, Elah, and Naam: and the sons of Elah, even Kenaz.Ver. 15. Caleb the son of Jephunneh.] And grandson of Kenez: whence Caleb is called the Kenezite, saith Diodate.
Read John Trapp on 1 Chronicles 4 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(15) The sons of Caleb, son of Jephunneh.—Caleb son of Jephunneh is called the Kenizzite, Joshua 14:6-14. He obtained “a part among the children of Judah” (Joshua 15:13), “because that he wholly followed the Lord God of Israel” (Joshua 14:14). If Caleb the Kenizzite and his clan were received among the Hezronite houses of Judah, this new division of the Hezronites would henceforth be known as “the house of Caleb,” 1 Samuel 25:3; or simply “Caleb” (= Chelubai, the Calebite). (See Notes on 1 Chronicles 2:42; 1 Chronicles 2:49.) Elah occurred 1 Chronicles 1:52, as an Edomite princedom, like Kenaz in 1 Chronicles 1:53. Naam is perhaps Naamah, Joshua 15:41, a town in the Shephelah. And the sons…
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 4 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 15. Caleb the son of Jephunneh] We have already met with this eminent person in Numbers 13:6; Numbers 13:30; Numbers 14:24, and elsewhere; and seen his courageous piety and inflexible integrity. The Targum says here, "They called him Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, because he had purged his soul from the counsel of the spies."
Read AdamClarke on 1 Chronicles 4 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges15. Caleb the son of Jephunneh] Cp. 1 Chronicles 2:42, note. the sons of Elah, even Kenaz] R.V. the sons of Elah; and Kenaz. The sons of Elah and Kenaz are co-ordinated, as each representing a family descended from Caleb.
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 4 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
The sons of Caleb son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam. The son of Elah: Kenaz.
The sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam. The son of Elah: Kenaz.
The sons of Caleb son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam. The son of Elah: Kenaz.
The sons of Caleb son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam. The son of Elah: Kenaz.
Tyndale line
And the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh; Iru, Elah, and Naam: and the sons of Elah, even Kenaz.
And the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam; and the sons of Elah; and Kenaz.
And the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh; Iru, Elah, and Naam: and the sons of Elah; and Kenaz.
And the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh; Iru, Elah, and Naam: and the sons of Elah, even Kenaz.
And the sonnes of Caleb the sonne of Iephunneh were Iru, Elah, and Naam. And the sonne of Elah was Kenaz.
Strictly literal
— And the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam; and the sons of Elah, ...and Kenaz.
And sons of Caleb son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam; and sons of Elah, even Kenaz.
And sons of Caleb son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam; and sons of Elah: even Kenaz.
And the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh: 'Iru, Elah, and Na'am. And the sons of Elah: Ukenas.
The sons of Caleb son of Jephunneh were Iru, Elah and Naam. Elah's son was Kenaz.
From the Latin
And the sons of Caleb the son of Jephone, were Hir, and Ela, and Naham. And the sons of Ela: Cenez.
Simplified
The sons of Caleb son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam. The son of Elah: Kenaz.
And the sons of Caleb, the son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam; and the son of Elah: Kenaz.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text lists the sons of Caleb as Iru, Elah, and Naam, with Elah's son being Kenaz. The Septuagint agrees with the Masoretic Text in content, matching all ten words, although it presents them in a different order and structure. There are no significant differences between these witnesses for this verse.
וּבְנֵי֙ כָּלֵ֣ב בֶּן־ יְפֻנֶּ֔ה עִ֥ירוּ אֵלָ֖ה וָנָ֑עַם וּבְנֵ֥י אֵלָ֖ה וּקְנַֽז׃
10 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 4:15
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
Conj | N-mp — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural constructHC/Ncmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
The Hebrew word כָּלֵב (*Kaleb*) refers to a personal name, specifically Caleb, the son of Jephunneh. He is noted as a faithful spy in the Old Testament who advocated for the capture of the Promised Land. The name is also associated with the meaning 'dog.' There are references to other individuals named Caleb, including a descendant of Hezron.
כָּלֵב n.pr.m. son of יְפֻנֶּה
base
H3612 כָּלֵב son of יְפֻנֶּה
3612 Kaleb kaw-labe'
perhaps a form of 3611, or else from the same root in the
sense of forcible; Caleb, the name of three
Israelites:--Caleb.
see HEBREW for 03611
כָּלֵב (ka.lev) — Caleb.
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness and Israel before the Monarchy, first mentioned at Num.13.6;
son of: Jephunneh (H3312);
brother of: Kenaz (H7073I);
father of: Achsah (H5915), Iru (H5900), Elah (H0425J), Naam (H5277)
Also named: ka.lib.bo (כָּלִבִּי "Calebite" H3614)
§ Caleb = "dog"
1) the godly son of Jephunneh and the faithful spy who reported the Promised Land favourably and urged its capture
2) son of Hezron and grandson of Pharez and great grandson of Judah and the father of Hur and grandfather of Caleb the spy
כָּלֵב (ka.lev) — Caleb.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at 1Ch.2.9;
son of: Hezron (H2696H);
brother of: Ram (H7410), Jerahmeel (H3396), Segub (H7687H) and Ashhur (H0806); married to Azubah (H5806H), Jerioth (H3408), Ephrathah (H0672), Ephah (H5891H) and Maacah…
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
ka'-leb (kalebh; in the light of the cognate Syriac and Arabic words, the meaning is not "dog," which is kelebh, in Hebrew, but "raging with canine madness"; Chaleb): As a person, Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, occurs in the story of the spies (Nu 13 ff). He represents the tribe of Judah as its prince (Nu 13:6; compare Nu 13:2). While the majority of the men sent out by Moses bring back evil report, Caleb and Hoshea, or Joshua, the son of Nun, are the only ones to counsel the invasion of the promised land (Nu 13:30; 14:6 ff). Accordingly, these two alone are permitted to survive (Nu 14:38; 32:12). Upon the conquest and distribution of the land by Joshua, Caleb reminds the…
Caleb
A dog. (1.) One of the three sons of Hezron of the tribe of Judah. He is also called Chelubai (1 Chr. 2:9). His descendants are enumerated (18-20, 42-49).
(2.) A “son of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah” (1 Chr. 2:50). Some would read the whole passage thus: “These [i.e., the list in ver. 42-49] were the sons of Caleb. The sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah, were Shobal, etc.” Thus Hur would be the name of the son and not the father of Caleb (ver. 19).
(3.) The son of Jephunneh (Num. 13:6; 32:12; Josh. 14:6, 14). He was one of those whom Moses sent to search the land in the second year after the Exodus. He was one of the family chiefs of the tribe of Judah. He…
(capable). According to (1 Chronicles 2:9,18,19,42,50) the son of Hezron the son of Pharez the son of Judah, and the father of Hur, and consequently grandfather of Caleb the spy. (B.C. about 1600.) Son of Jephunneh, one of the twelve spies sent by Moses to Canaan. (Numbers 13:6) (B.C. 1490.) He and Oshea or Joshua the son of Nun were the only two of the whole number who encouraged the people to enter in boldly to the land and take possession of it. Fortyfive years afterwards Caleb came to Joshua and claimed possession of the land of the Anakim, Kirjath-arba or Hebron, and the neighboring hill country. Josh 14. This was immediately granted to him, and the following chapter relates how he took possession of Hebron, driving out the three sons of Anak; and how he offered Achsah his…
1. Son of Jephunneh, of the tribe of Judah, who was sent, with one man from each of the other tribes, to search out the promised land, Nu 13:1-14:45. Of all the twelve, Caleb and Joshua acted the part of true and faithful men; and they only, of all the grown men of Israel, were permitted to enter Canaan, Nu 14:6-24,38 26:65. He was one of the princes appointed to divide the conquered territory among the tribes, Nu 34:19. Hebron was given to him as a reward of his fidelity, according to the promise of God, De 1:36 Jos 14:1-15. Though eighty-five years old, he still retained his vigor, and soon drove out the Anakim from…
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
יְפֻנֶּה (Yphunneh) refers to two individuals in the Old Testament. One is a Kenezite, father of Caleb, mentioned in Numbers 13:6, and the other is an Asherite, noted in 1 Chronicles 7:38. The name means 'he will be facing' and is derived from a root meaning 'to prepare.'
יְפֻנֶּה 16 n.pr.m.
father of Caleb
Asherite
base
H3312 יְפֻנֶּה . father of Caleb
. Asherite
3312 Yphunneh yef-oon-neh'
from 6437; he will be prepared; Jephunneh, the name of two
Israelites:--Jephunneh.
see HEBREW for 06437
יְפֻנֶּה (ye.phun.neh) — Jephunneh.
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.13.6;
father of: Caleb (H3612), Kenaz (H7073I)
§ Jephunneh = "He will be facing"
1) a Kenezite and father of Caleb the spy from the tribe of Judah
2) son of Jether and descendant of Asher
יְפֻנֶּה (ye.phun.neh) — Jephunneh.
A man of the tribe of Asher living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.7.38;
son of: Ithran (H3506H);
brother of: Pispa (H6462) and Ara (H0690)
§ Jephunneh = "He will be facing"
1) a Kenezite and father of Caleb the spy from the tribe of Judah
2) son of Jether and descendant of Asher
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
je-fun'-e (yephunneh, meaning uncertain):
(1) Father of Caleb (Nu 13:6; 14:6,30, etc.).
According to Nu 13:6, he was of the tribe of Judah; according to 32:12; Jos 14:6, a Kenizzite; the Kenizzites were incorporated in Judah (compare 1Ch 4:13-15).
(2) A son of Jether, an Asherite (1Ch 7:38).
Jephunneh
Nimble, or a beholder. (1.) The father of Caleb, who was Joshua’s companion in exploring Canaan (Num. 13:6), a Kenezite (Josh. 14:14). (2.) One of the descendants of Asher (1 Chr. 7:38).
(for whom a way is prepared). Father of Caleb the spy, appears to have belonged to an Edomitish tribe called Kenezites, from Kenaz their founder. See (Numbers 13:6) etc.; Numb 32:12 etc.; Josh 14:14 etc.; 1Chr 4:15 (B.C. 1530.) A descendant of Asher, eldest of the three sons of Jether. (1 Chronicles 7:38) (B.C. 1017.)
he that beholds
עִירוּ (Iyruw) refers to a male name in the Old Testament, specifically a man from the tribe of Judah. He is mentioned in 1 Chronicles 4:15 as the son of Caleb and grandson of Jephunneh. The name is derived from a root meaning 'watch.'
עִירוּ n.pr.m. in Judah 1 Ch 4:15
ref
H5900 עִירוּ
5900 `Iyruw ee-roo'
from 5892; a citizen; Iru, an Israelite:--Iru.
see HEBREW for 05892
עִירוּ (i.ru) — Iru.
A man of the tribe of Judah living before Israel's Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.4.15;
son of: Caleb (H3612);
brother of: Achsah (H5915), Elah (H0425J) and Naam (H5277)
§ Iru = "watch"
son of Caleb and grandson of Jephunneh
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
i'-roo (`iru): Eldest son of Caleb (1Ch 4:15); probably to be read Ir, the syllable "-u" being the conjunction "and" belonging to the following word.
(watch), the eldest son of the great Caleb son of Jephunneh. (1 Chronicles 4:15) (B.C. 1451.)
→ The oldest son of Caleb 1Ch 4:15
אֵלָה (Elah) refers to a terebinth tree and is associated with several figures in the Old Testament, including an Edomite chief, a king of Israel, and individuals from the tribe of Judah. The name means 'oak' and is also linked to the Valley of Elah. The entries consistently identify Elah as a personal name and a geographical location.
אֵלָה n.pr.m. (terebinth)
a chief of Edom
son of Baasha
father of Hoshea who was last king of Isr.
a son of Caleb
a son of Uzzi
base
H425 אֵלָה (terebinth)
425 'Elah ay-law'
the same as 424; Elah, the name of an Edomite, of four
Israelites, and also of a place in Palestine:--Elah.
see HEBREW for 0424
אֵלָה (e.lah) — Elah.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.41
§ Elah = "An oak"
an Edomite chief
אֵלָה (e.lah) — Elah.
A king living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.16.6;
son of: Baasha (H1201)
§ Elah = "An oak"
a king of Israel for two years, son of Baasha
אֵלָה (e.lah) — Elah.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.15.30;
father of: Hoshea (H1954)
§ Elah = "An oak"
the father of king Hoshea of Israel
אֵלָה (e.lah) — Elah.
A man of the tribe of Judah living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.4.15;
son of: Caleb (H3612);
brother of: Achsah (H5915), Iru (H5900) and Naam (H5277);
father of: Kenaz (H7073J)
§ Elah = "An oak"
אֵלָה (e.lah) — Elah.
A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at 1Ch.9.8;
son of: Uzzi (H5813J)
§ Elah = "An oak"
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Elah
Terebinth or oak. (1.) Valley of, where the Israelites were encamped when David killed Goliath (1 Sam. 17:2, 19). It was near Shochoh of Judah and Azekah (17:1). It is the modern Wady es-Sunt, i.e., “valley of the acacia.” “The terebinths from which the valley of Elah takes its name still cling to their ancient soil. On the west side of the valley, near Shochoh, there is a very large and ancient tree of this kind known as the ’terebinth of Wady Sur,’ 55 feet in height, its trunk 17 feet in circumference, and the breadth of its shade no less than 75 feet. It marks the upper end of the Elah valley, and forms a noted object, being one of the largest terebinths in Palestine.” Geikie’s, The Holy Land, etc.
One of the dukes of Edom. (Genesis 36:41; 1 Chronicles 1:52) Shimei ben-Elah was Solomon’s commissariat officer in Benjamin. (1 Kings 4:18) (B.C. 1013.) A son of Caleb the son of Jephuneh. (1 Chronicles 4:15) (B.C. 1450.) Son of Uzzi, a Benjamite, (1 Chronicles 9:8) s, and one of the chiefs of the tribe at the settlement of the country. (B.C. 536.)
1. A valley in which David slew Goliath, 1Sa 17:2,3,19. It was probably about eleven miles southwest from Jerusalem.
2. Son and successor of Baasha, king of Israel, B. C. 926. After reigning two years, he was slain while intoxicated, by Zimri, one of his officers, who succeeded him as king. Zimri destroyed all the family of Baasha, according to the prediction of Jehu, 1Ki 16:6- 10.
an oak; a curse; perjury
נָ֑עַם (Na`am) refers to a man from the tribe of Judah, specifically the son of Caleb and brother of Achsah, mentioned in 1 Chronicles 4:15. The name is associated with the meaning 'pleasantness.' The entries indicate that it is derived from a root meaning pleasure, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
נָ֑עַם n.pr.m. son of Caleb, 1 Ch 4:15
ref
H5277 נָ֑עַם, נַעַם
5277 Na`am nah'-am
from 5276; pleasure; Naam, an Israelite:--Naam.
see HEBREW for 05276
נָ֑עַם (na.am) — Naam.
A man of the tribe of Judah living before Israel's Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.4.15;
son of: Caleb (H3612);
brother of: Achsah (H5915), Iru (H5900) and Elah (H0425J)
§ Naam = "pleasantness"
one of the sons of Caleb and grandson of Jephunneh
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
na'-am (na`am): A son of Caleb (1Ch 4:15)
Naam
Pleasantness, one of the three sons of Caleb, the son of Jephunneh (1 Chr. 4:15).
(pleasantness), one of the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh. (1 Chronicles 4:15) (B.C. about 1451-1420.)
fair; pleasant
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
Conj | N-mp — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural constructHC/Ncmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
אֵלָה (Elah) refers to a terebinth tree and is associated with several figures in the Old Testament, including an Edomite chief, a king of Israel, and individuals from the tribe of Judah. The name means 'oak' and is also linked to the Valley of Elah. The entries consistently identify Elah as a personal name and a geographical location.
אֵלָה n.pr.m. (terebinth)
a chief of Edom
son of Baasha
father of Hoshea who was last king of Isr.
a son of Caleb
a son of Uzzi
base
H425 אֵלָה (terebinth)
425 'Elah ay-law'
the same as 424; Elah, the name of an Edomite, of four
Israelites, and also of a place in Palestine:--Elah.
see HEBREW for 0424
אֵלָה (e.lah) — Elah.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.41
§ Elah = "An oak"
an Edomite chief
אֵלָה (e.lah) — Elah.
A king living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.16.6;
son of: Baasha (H1201)
§ Elah = "An oak"
a king of Israel for two years, son of Baasha
אֵלָה (e.lah) — Elah.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.15.30;
father of: Hoshea (H1954)
§ Elah = "An oak"
the father of king Hoshea of Israel
אֵלָה (e.lah) — Elah.
A man of the tribe of Judah living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.4.15;
son of: Caleb (H3612);
brother of: Achsah (H5915), Iru (H5900) and Naam (H5277);
father of: Kenaz (H7073J)
§ Elah = "An oak"
אֵלָה (e.lah) — Elah.
A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at 1Ch.9.8;
son of: Uzzi (H5813J)
§ Elah = "An oak"
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Elah
Terebinth or oak. (1.) Valley of, where the Israelites were encamped when David killed Goliath (1 Sam. 17:2, 19). It was near Shochoh of Judah and Azekah (17:1). It is the modern Wady es-Sunt, i.e., “valley of the acacia.” “The terebinths from which the valley of Elah takes its name still cling to their ancient soil. On the west side of the valley, near Shochoh, there is a very large and ancient tree of this kind known as the ’terebinth of Wady Sur,’ 55 feet in height, its trunk 17 feet in circumference, and the breadth of its shade no less than 75 feet. It marks the upper end of the Elah valley, and forms a noted object, being one of the largest terebinths in Palestine.” Geikie’s, The Holy Land, etc.
One of the dukes of Edom. (Genesis 36:41; 1 Chronicles 1:52) Shimei ben-Elah was Solomon’s commissariat officer in Benjamin. (1 Kings 4:18) (B.C. 1013.) A son of Caleb the son of Jephuneh. (1 Chronicles 4:15) (B.C. 1450.) Son of Uzzi, a Benjamite, (1 Chronicles 9:8) s, and one of the chiefs of the tribe at the settlement of the country. (B.C. 536.)
1. A valley in which David slew Goliath, 1Sa 17:2,3,19. It was probably about eleven miles southwest from Jerusalem.
2. Son and successor of Baasha, king of Israel, B. C. 926. After reigning two years, he was slain while intoxicated, by Zimri, one of his officers, who succeeded him as king. Zimri destroyed all the family of Baasha, according to the prediction of Jehu, 1Ki 16:6- 10.
an oak; a curse; perjury
קְנַז (Qnaz) refers to a name meaning 'hunter.' It denotes a man from Edom, specifically the son of Eliphaz and father of Othniel, as well as a brother of Caleb. The entries indicate that Kenaz appears in various contexts, including genealogies in Genesis and Numbers, and is associated with the Edomite dukes.
קְנַז n.pr.m. in Edom: son of Eliphaz, and father of Othniel
base
H7073 קְנַז in Edom: son of Eliphaz, and father of Othniel
7073 Qnaz ken-az'
probably from an unused root meaning to hunt; hunter; Kenaz,
the name of an Edomite and of two Israelites:--Kenaz.
קְנַז (qe.naz) — Kenaz.
A man of the Edomites living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.11;
son of: Eliphaz (H0464);
brother of: Teman (H8487), Omar (H0201), Zepho (H6825), Gatam (H1609), Amalek (H6002H) and Korah (H7141H)
§ Kenaz = "hunter"
1) son of Eliphaz and grandson of Esau; one of the dukes of Edom
2) a brother of Caleb and father of Othniel
קְנַז (qe.naz) — Kenaz.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.42
§ Kenaz = "hunter"
1) son of Eliphaz and grandson of Esau; one of the dukes of Edom
2) a brother of Caleb and father of Othniel
קְנַז (qe.naz) — Kenaz.
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.32.12;
son of: Jephunneh (H3312);
brother of: Caleb (H3612);
father of: Othniel (H6274) and Seraiah (H8304J); also called Kenizzite at Num.32.12; 1x,14;
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Kenaz
Hunter. (1.) One of the sons of Eliphaz, the son of Esau. He became the chief of an Edomitish tribe (Gen. 36:11, 15, 42).
(2.) Caleb’s younger brother, and father of Othniel (Josh. 15:17), whose family was of importance in Israel down to the time of David (1 Chr. 27:15). Some think that Othniel (Judg. 1:13), and not Kenaz, was Caleb’s brother.
(3.) Caleb’s grandson (1 Chr. 4:15).
(hunting). Son of Eliphaz the son of Esau. He was one of the dukes of Edom. (Genesis 36:15,42; 1 Chronicles 1:53) One of the same family, a grandson of Caleb, according to (1 Chronicles 4:15) (where see margin).
this purchase; this lamentation