1 Chronicles 9:37 — Word Study
WLCוּגְד֣וֹר וְאַחְי֔וֹ וּזְכַרְיָ֖ה וּמִקְלֽוֹת׃
BSAGedorGᵉdôr [a place in Palestine and a Benjamite] AhioʼAchyôw [a son of Jeiel of Gibeon] ZechariahZᵉkaryâh [Jehovah remembers] and MiklothMiqlôwth [a leader in David's army]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וּגְד֣וֹר | and Gedor | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְאַחְי֔וֹ | and Ahio | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וּזְכַרְיָ֖ה | and Zechariah | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וּמִקְלֽוֹת׃ | and Mikloth | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Gedor, Ahio, Zechariah, and Mikloth. |
| KJV | And Gedor, and Ahio, and Zechariah, and Mikloth. |
| ASV | and Gedor, and Ahio, and Zechariah, and Mikloth. |
| YLT | and Gedor, and Ahio, and Zechariah, and Mikloth. |
| WEB | Gedor, Ahio, Zechariah, and Mikloth. |
| BBE | And Gedor and Ahio and Zechariah and Mikloth |
All translations agree on the names listed in this verse.
The verse consists of a single main clause listing the names of individuals.
4 commentators on this verse
Jamieson, Ellicott, Cambridge, Whedon & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 9:37
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Genealogy of the Tribe of Benjamingenerated
1 Chronicles 9:37 lists Gedor, Ahio, Zechariah, and Mikloth as part of the genealogical record of the tribe of Benjamin. This verse is part of a broader context that traces the lineage and roles of key figures in Israel's history, emphasizing their connections to Jerusalem and their significance in the narrative of the nation.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Chronicles 8:31 | Gedor, Ahio, Zecher, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 1 reference, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — גְּדוֹר, u.ge.Dorgenerated
The name גְּדוֹר (Gdor) means "wall" and refers to both a town in Judah and individuals from the tribe of Benjamin. Its root suggests a sense of enclosure, indicating a fortified place or community.
In this verse, Gedor is identified as a proper noun, highlighting its importance in the genealogical context. The parsing as a masculine noun shows its role as a name, linking it to the heritage of the Israelites.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The structure of this verse is straightforward, presenting a series of proper nouns connected by conjunctions. The finite verb is implicit, as the verse serves primarily to list names.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the individuals mentioned, with each name standing out as a significant figure in the genealogy.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates גְּדוֹר as γεδουρ, maintaining the connection to the place and individuals. This choice reflects a direct correspondence with the Hebrew text, preserving the names in their original form.
The consistency in naming across both texts indicates a shared understanding of these figures' importance in the genealogical tradition.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 9:37 lists four men: Gedor, Ahio, Zechariah, and Mikloth. Each name represents a person from the tribe of Benjamin, highlighting their roles in the history of Israel.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The individuals are Gedor, Ahio, Zechariah, and Mikloth, all linked to the tribe of Benjamin.
These names are part of the genealogical record that traces the lineage of important figures in Israel's history.
Gedor refers to both a town in Judah and individuals from the tribe of Benjamin.
Zechariah means 'Jehovah remembers' and is a name given to multiple individuals in the Old Testament.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn about the importance of genealogy in understanding Israel's history?
- How do the names listed in this verse connect to the larger narrative of the tribe of Benjamin?
- In what ways do these genealogical records help us understand the roles of individuals in biblical history?
- How does the significance of names in the Bible reflect the identity and heritage of the Israelites?
Commentators on this verse — 4 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 9:37 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd Gedor, and Ahio, and Zechariah, and Mikloth. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 9 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(35-44) A duplicate of 1 Chronicles 8:29-38. The genealogy of Saul seems to be repeated, according to the chronicler’s habit (comp. 1 Chronicles 6:4 et seq. with 1 Chronicles 6:50 et seq.; 1 Chronicles 7:6 et seq. with 1 Chronicles 8:1 et seq.), as a transition or introduction to something else, viz., the account of that king’s final ruin in 1 Chronicles 10. The present list is identical with the former, so far as it extends (1 Chronicles 8:39-40 is wanting here), but is, on the whole, in better preservation, supplying, as we have seen, several omissions in the other copy. Only the name of Ahaz has fallen out (1 Chronicles 9:41). The correspondence of the two lists appears to be too exact…
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 9 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges35–38 (= 1 Chronicles 8:29-32). Benjamites living in Gibeon and in Jerusalem See notes on 1 Chronicles 8:29 ff. The passage is probably repeated here in ler to serve as an introduction to the story of the death of Saul.
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 9 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible35-44. This register is substantially identical with that of 1 Chronicles 8:29-38, and is repeated here to form a transition to the account of Saul’s death, which the writer inserts, in chap.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on 1 Chronicles 9 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Gedor, Ahio, Zechariah, and Mikloth.
Gedor, Ahio, Zechariah, and Mikloth.
Gedor, Ahio, Zechariah, and Mikloth.
Gedor, Ahio, Zechariah, and Mikloth.
Tyndale line
And Gedor, and Ahio, and Zechariah, and Mikloth.
and Gedor, and Ahio, and Zechariah, and Mikloth.
and Gedor, and Ahio, and Zechariah, and Mikloth.
And Gedor, and Ahio, and Zechariah, and Mikloth.
And Gedor, and Ahio, and Zechariah, and Mikloth.
Strictly literal
and Gedor, and Ahio, and Zechariah, and Mikloth;
and Gedor, and Ahio, and Zechariah, and Mikloth.
and Gedor, and Ahio, and Zechariah, and Mikloth.
And Gedor, and Achyo, and Zechariah, and Mikloth.
Gedor, Ahio, Zechariah, and Mikloth.
From the Latin
Gedor also, and Ahio, and Zacharias, and Macelloth.
Simplified
Gedor, Ahio, Zechariah, and Mikloth.
And Gedor and Ahio and Zechariah and Mikloth
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the names listed in this verse, with no variations in the wording. The Septuagint's translation aligns closely with the Hebrew, affirming the continuity of the genealogical record.
וּגְד֣וֹר וְאַחְי֔וֹ וּזְכַרְיָ֖ה וּמִקְלֽוֹת׃
4 of the 4 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 9:37
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
גְּדוֹר (Gdor) means "wall" and refers to a town in the mountainous region of Judah, located a few miles north of Hebron. It is also the name of three individuals from the tribe of Benjamin. The word is derived from a root meaning "inclosure" and is associated with the biblical context of Gedor as a place and a personal name.
גְּדוֹר, גְּדֹר n.pr. (wall)
n.pr.loc. city of Judah
n.pr.loc. but read Gerar
n.pr.m. a Benjamite, of Gibeon
base
H1446 גְּדוֹר, גְּדֹר, גְדֹר
1446 Gdor ghed-ore'
or (fully) Gdowr {ghed-ore'}; from 1443; inclosure; Gedor, a
place in Palestine; also the name of three Israelites:--Gedor.
see HEBREW for 01443
גְּדוֹר (ge.dor) — Gedor.
Gedor = "wall"
a town in the mountainous part of Judah a few miles north of Hebron
Also named: ge.der (גֶּ֫דֶר "Geder" H1445)
גְּדוֹר (ge.dor) — Gedor.
§ Gedor = "wall"
a town
גְּדוֹר (ge.dor) — Gedor.
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.8.31;
son of: Abiel (H0022) and Maacah (H4601N);
brother of: Kish (H7027), Ner (H5369), Abdon (H5658J), Zur (H6698I), Baal (H1168B), Nadab (H5070J), Ahio (H0283I), Zecher (H2144) and Mikloth (H4732)
§ Gedor = "wall"
1) a son of Penuel
2) a son of Jered
3) a Benjamite of Gibeon
4) a town in the mountainous part of Judah a few miles north of Hebron
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
ge'-dor (gedhor; Codex Vaticanus, Geddor, Codex Alexandrinus, Gedor):
(1) A town in the mountains of Judah, named with Halhul and Beth-zur (Jos 15:58). It seems to be referred to by Eusebius as Gadeira (Onomasticon, under the word), which he identifies with Gaidora (Jerome calls it Gadora), a village in the borders of Jerusalem, near the terebinth. It is probably represented today by Khirbet Jedur, about 7 miles North of Hebron (PEF, III, 313, Sh XXI).
(2) Among the Benjamites who joined David at Ziklag were the sons of Jeroham of Gedor (1Ch 12:7). No trace of this name is found in the territory of Benjamin. It may be identical with (1).
(3) The Simeonites are said to have gone to the entering in of Gedor in search of pasture for their flocks. They smote and expelled the Meunim…
Gedor
A wall. (1.) A city in the mountains or hill country of Judah (Josh. 15:58), identified with Jedar, between Jerusalem and Hebron.
(2.) 1 Chr. 4:39, the Gederah of Josh. 15:36, or the well-known Gerar, as the LXX. read, where the patriarchs of old had sojourned and fed their flocks (Gen. 20:1, 14, 15; 26:1, 6, 14).
(3.) A town apparently in Benjamin (1 Chr. 12:7), the same probably as Geder (Josh. 12:13).
(a wall), a town int he mountainous part of Judah, (Joshua 15:58) a few miles north of Hebron. Robinson discovered a Jedur halfway between Bethlehem and Hebron, about two miles west of the road.
The Hebrew word אַחְיוֹ (*Achyow*) means 'brotherly' or 'fraternal' and refers to several individuals named Ahio in the Old Testament. It is derived from a root meaning 'brother' and is associated with three different men from the tribes of Benjamin and Levi, notably the son of Abinadab who cared for the ark. The entries consistently highlight these familial connections.
אַחְיוֹ n.pr.m. (fraternal)
a son of Aminadab, brother of Uzzah
a Benjamite
a Benjamite
base
H283 אַחְיוֹ
283 'Achyow akh-yo'
prolonged from 251; brotherly; Achio, the name of three
Israelites:--Ahio.
see HEBREW for 0251
אַחְיוֹ (ach.yo) — Ahio.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.6.3;
son of: Abinadab (H0041);
brother of: Eleazar (H0499H) and Uzzah (H5798A)
§ Ahio = "brotherly" or "fraternal"
1) son of Abinadab who sheltered the ark
2) a Benjamite
3) another Benjamite of Saul's ancestry
אַחְיוֹ (ach.yo) — Ahio.
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at 1Ch.8.14;
son of: Beriah (H1283I);
brother of: Arad (H6166B), Shashak (H8349), Jeremoth (H3406I), Zebadiah (H2069), Eder (H5738), Michael (H4317L), Ishpah (H3472) and Joha (H3109)
§ Ahio = "brotherly" or "fraternal"
1) son of Abinadab who sheltered the ark
2) a Benjamite
3) another Benjamite of Saul's ancestry
אַחְיוֹ (ach.yo) — Ahio.
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.8.31;
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
a-hi'-o ('achyo, variously explained as "his brother," "brotherly," "brother of Yahweh," "my brother is Yah"): Proper names containing a similar form of the name of Yahweh are found on the ostraca recently exhumed at Samaria. The word is always treated as a common noun in the ordinary Greek copies, being rendered either "brother" or "brothers," or "his brother" or "his brothers"; but this is probably to be taken as an instance of the relative inferiority of the Greek text as compared with the Massoretic Text. See OSTRACA.
(1) One of the sons of Beriah, the son of Elpaal, the son of Shaharaim and Hushim, reckoned among the families of Benjamin (1Ch 8:14). Beriah and Shema are described as `ancestral heads' "of the inhabitants of Aijalon, who put to flight the inhabitants of Gath."
Ahio
Brotherly. (1.) One of the sons of Beriah (1 Chr. 8:14).
(2.) One of the sons of Jehiel the Gibeonite (1 Chr. 8:31; 9:37).
(3.) One of the sons of Abinadab the Levite. While Uzzah went by the side of the ark, he walked before it guiding the oxen which drew the cart on which it was carried, after having brought it from his father’s house in Gibeah (1 Chr. 13:7; 2 Sam. 6:3, 4).
(brotherly). Son of Abinadab, who accompanied the ark when it was brought out of his father’s house. (2 Samuel 6:3,4; 1 Chronicles 13:7) (B.C.1043.) A Benjamite, one of the sons of Beriah. (1 Chronicles 8:14) A Benjamite, Son of Jehiel. (1 Chronicles 8:31; 9:37)
A son of Abinadab, who went before the ark of God on its way to Jerusalem from his father’s house; thus escaping the fate of Uzzah his brother, 2Sa 6:3-7.
זְכַרְיָהוּ (Zkaryah) means 'Jehovah remembers' and refers to various figures in the Old Testament, including a prophet and several individuals from the tribe of Levi. The entries highlight a range of roles, from kings and priests to Levites and returned exiles, with notable mentions of a prophet contemporary with Isaiah. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
זְכַרְיָהוּ, oftener זְכַרְיָה n.pr.m.
king of Isr., son of Jerob. II
father of Hezekiah’s mother
contemporary of Isaiah
a Reubenite
a Benjamite
a Manassite
a son of Jehoshaphat
a captain of Jehosh.
teacher of Uzziah
Levites
priests
returned exiles
base
זְכַרְיָה n.pr.m. prophet
base
H2148a זְכַרְיָהוּ, oftener זְכַרְיָה H2148b זְכַרְיָה prophet
2148 Zkaryah zek-ar-yaw'
or Zkaryahuw {zek-ar-yaw'-hoo}; from 2142 and 3050; Jah has
remembered; Zecarjah, the name of twenty-nine
Israelites:--Zachariah, Zechariah.
see HEBREW for 02142
see HEBREW for 03050
זְכַרְיָהוּ (ze.khar.yah) — Zechariah.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at 1Ch.9.21;
son of: Meshelemiah (H4920);
brother of: Jediael (H3043J), Zebadiah (H2069J), Jathniel (H3496), Elam (H5867H), Jehohanan (H3076I) and Eliehoenai (H0454A)
§ Zechariah = "Jehovah remembers"
1) king of Israel, son of Jeroboam II
2) son of Meshelemiah of Shelemiah, a Korhite, and keeper of the north gate of the tabernacle of the congregation
3) one of the sons of Jehiel
4) a Levite of the second order in the temple band in the time of David
5) one of the princes of Judah in the reign of Jehoshaphat
6) son of the high priest Jehoiada, in the reign of Joash king of Judah, who was stoned in the court of the temple
7) a Kohathite Levite in the reign of Josiah
8) the leader of the sons of Pharosh who returned with Ezra
9) son of Bebai
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Zechariah
Jehovah is renowned or remembered. (1.) A prophet of Judah, the eleventh of the twelve minor prophets. Like Ezekiel, he was of priestly extraction. He describes himself (1:1) as “the son of Berechiah.” In Ezra 5:1 and 6:14 he is called “the son of Iddo,” who was properly his grandfather. His prophetical career began in the second year of Darius (B.C. 520), about sixteen years after the return of the first company from exile. He was contemporary with Haggai (Ezra 5:1).
His book consists of two distinct parts, (1) chapters 1 to 8, inclusive, and (2) 9 to the end. It begins with a preface (1:1-6), which recalls the nation’s past history, for the purpose of presenting a solemn warning to the present generation. Then follows a series of eight visions (1:7-6:8), succeeding…
The eleventh in order of the twelve minor prophets. He is called in his prophecy the son of Berechiah and the grandson of Iddo, whereas in the book of Ezra, (Ezra 5:1; 6:14) he is said to have been the son of Iddo. It is natural to suppose as the prophet himself mentions his father’s name, whereas the book of Ezra mentions only Iddo, that Berechiah had died early, and that there was now no intervening link between the grandfather and the grandson. Zechariah, like Jeremiah and Ezekiel before him, was priest as well as prophet. He seems to have entered upon his office while yet young, (Zechariah 2:4) and must have been born in Babylon whence he returned with the first caravan of exiles under Zerubbabel and Jeshua. It was in the eighth month, in the second year of Darius, that he first…
1. Son of Berechiah, and grandson of Iddo the priest; called the son of Iddo in Ezr 5:1 6:14, and his successor in the priesthood, Ne 12:4,16, perhaps because Berechiah was then dead. Zechariah is the eleventh of the minor prophets. He returned from Babylon with Zerubbabel, and began to prophesy while yet young, Zec 2:4, in the second year of Darius son of Hystaspes, B. C. 520, in the eighth month of the holy year, and two months after Haggai. These two prophets, with united zeal, encouraged the people to resume the work of the temple, which had been discontinued for some years, Ezr 5:1.
same as Zachariah
מִקְלוֹת (Miqloth) refers to a Benjamite mentioned in the Old Testament, specifically as an officer in David's army and a descendant of Jehiel. The term is derived from a plural form meaning 'rods' and is associated with the place name Mikloth. It appears in 1 Chronicles 8:32 and 1 Chronicles 27:4.
מִקְלוֹת n.pr.m.
a Benjamite
an officer of David
base
H4732 מִקְלוֹת
4732 Miqlowth mik-lohth'
(or perhaps mik-kel-ohth') plural of (feminine) 4731; rods;
Mikloth, a place in the Desert:--Mikloth.
see HEBREW for 04731
מִקְלוֹת (miq.lot) — Mikloth.
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.8.32;
son of: Abiel (H0022) and Maacah (H4601N);
brother of: Kish (H7027), Ner (H5369), Abdon (H5658J), Zur (H6698I), Baal (H1168B), Nadab (H5070J), Gedor (H1446I), Ahio (H0283I) and Zecher (H2144);
father of: Shimeah (H8039)
§ Mikloth = "staves"
1) one of the sons of Jehiel, the father or prince of Gibeon by his wife Maachah; a Benjamite
2) leader of the 2nd division of David's army
מִקְלוֹת (miq.lot) — Mikloth.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.27.4
§ Mikloth = "staves"
1) one of the sons of Jehiel, the father or prince of Gibeon by his wife Maachah; a Benjamite
2) leader of the 2nd division of David's army
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Mikloth
Staves. (1.) An officer under Dodai, in the time of David and Solomon (1 Chr. 27:4).
(2.) A Benjamite (1 Chr. 8:32; 9:37, 38).
(staves). One of the sons of Jehiel, the father or prince of Gibeon, by his wife Maachah. (1 Chronicles 8:32; 9:37,38) The leader of the second division of David’s army. (1 Chronicles 27:4)
little wants; little voices; looking downward