2 Samuel 20:24 — Word Study
WLCוַאֲדֹרָ֖ם עַל־ הַמַּ֑ס וִיהוֹשָׁפָ֥ט בֶּן־ אֲחִיל֖וּד הַמַּזְכִּֽיר׃
BSAAdoramʼĂdôrâm [overseeing the tribute, in charge of forced labor] was in charge ofʻal the forced labormaç [taskworkers, men subject to labor as a form of tax] JehoshaphatYᵉhôwshâphâṭ [a recorder of the king's decisions] sonbên of AhiludʼĂchîylûwd [a faithful servant, an Israelite living during King David's time] was the recorderzâkar [remembering and marking the king's actions, to recall and document]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַאֲדֹרָ֖ם | and Adoram | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| עַל־ | [was] over | Preposition |
| הַמַּ֑ס | the forced labor | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| וִיהוֹשָׁפָ֥ט | and Jehoshaphat | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| בֶּן־ | [the] son of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| אֲחִיל֖וּד | Ahilud | Noun proper masculine |
| הַמַּזְכִּֽיר׃ | [was] the recorder | Particle, verb hiphil participle (active) masculine singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Adoram was in charge of the forced labor; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder; |
| KJV | And Adoram was over the tribute: and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder: |
| ASV | and Adoram was over the men subject to taskwork; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was the recorder; |
| YLT | and Adoram [is] over the tribute, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud [is] the remembrancer, |
| WEB | Adoram was over the men subject to forced labor, Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was the recorder, |
| BBE | And Adoram was overseer of the forced work; and Jehoshaphat, the son of Ahilud, was the recorder; |
Where they part company is in the specific roles of Adoram and Jehoshaphat — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence consists of two main clauses, each detailing the role of an official in David's administration.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Poole, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
subjectאֲדֹרָם
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 2 Samuel 20:24
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Administration of King Davidgenerated
2 Samuel 20:24 lists key officials in King David's administration, highlighting their specific roles. Adoram oversees forced labor, a significant responsibility reflecting the economic demands of the kingdom. Jehoshaphat, son of Ahilud, serves as the recorder, documenting the king's decisions and actions. This structure illustrates the organization of governance during the United Monarchy, with each official playing a crucial role in the administration.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Kings 4:6 | Ahishar was in charge of the palace; and Adoniram son of Abda was in charge of the forced labor. |
| 2 | 1 Kings 12:18 | Then King Rehoboam sent out Adoram, who was in charge of the forced labor, but all Israel stoned him to death. And King Rehoboam mounted his chariot in haste and escaped to Jerusalem. |
| 3 | 1 Kings 4:3 | Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, were secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder; |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 3 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — אֲדֹרָם, va.'a.do.Ramgenerated
The name אֲדֹרָם (Adoram) refers to an Israelite officer who served under King David and later Rehoboam. His name means 'my lord is exalted,' indicating a position of respect and authority within the monarchy.
As a noun proper masculine, Adoram is a specific individual, emphasizing his role in overseeing the forced labor, which was a significant aspect of the king's administration.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb is implied in the phrase structure, with אֲדֹרָם as the subject followed by a prepositional phrase indicating his role. The sentence structure is straightforward, listing the officials and their responsibilities in a clear manner.
The use of noun phrases provides clarity on the roles, with Adoram overseeing the forced labor and Jehoshaphat identified as the recorder, linking their duties directly to the administration of King David.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates אֲדֹרָם as αδωνιραμ, maintaining the identity of this officer while reflecting the Greek linguistic context. This choice shows continuity in the understanding of Adoram's role across both Hebrew and Greek texts.
The translation of הַמַּס as φόρου indicates a focus on the concept of tribute or tax labor, consistent with the Hebrew meaning.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
2 Samuel 20:24 describes Adoram as overseeing forced labor and Jehoshaphat as the recorder. This verse highlights the structure of King David's administration, showing how different officials had specific roles to support the king's governance.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Adoram was responsible for overseeing the forced labor, which involved managing workers who performed labor as a form of tax.
Jehoshaphat was the son of Ahilud and served as the recorder, responsible for documenting the king's decisions and actions.
Forced labor refers to workers who were compelled to perform tasks as a form of tribute or tax, often under strict supervision.
This verse illustrates the organized structure of King David's administration, with specific officials assigned to manage different aspects of the kingdom.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What responsibilities do leaders have in your community, and how can you support them?
- How can understanding the roles of historical figures like Adoram and Jehoshaphat inform your view of leadership today?
- In what ways can you document important events or decisions in your life, similar to how Jehoshaphat recorded the king's actions?
- What does it mean to you to serve in a role that supports others, as Adoram did with forced labor?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 2 Samuel 20:24 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd Adoram [was] over the tribute,.... Or over those that collected and brought it, as the Targum; this was a new office, and which respected both the revenue he received from his own people, and the
Read John Gill on 2 Samuel 20 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleOver the tribute; the receiver and manager of the king’ s public revenue. See Poole on "". Jehoshaphat was recorder: See Poole on "".
Read Matthew Poole on 2 Samuel 20 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments2 Samuel 20:24 And Adoram [was] over the tribute: and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud [was] recorder:Ver. 24. And Adoram was over the tribute.] All was as before, David being fully reestablished; save that this Adoram praeerat pecuniae recipiendae, was treasurer for the tribute, which came in from those many nations, since subdued by David.
Read John Trapp on 2 Samuel 20 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(24) Adoram was over the tribute.—The same office was held by Adoniram in Solomon’s reign (1 Kings 4:6; 1 Kings 5:14), and by Adoram at the beginning of the reign of his successor (1 Kings 12:18). Áll those may have been the same person, or at least of the same family. “The tribute” should rather be the levy, the forced labour so largely employed by Solomon. It is remarkable that there is no trace of such an office in 2 Samuel 8:16-18, nor in the parallel (1 Chronicles 18:14-17). It was a feature of Oriental despotism only introduced towards the close of David’s reign, and carried to much greater length under Solomon.
Read Charles John Ellicott on 2 Samuel 20 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 24. Adoram was over the tribute] Probably the chief receiver of the taxes; or Chancellor of the Exchequer, as we term it. Jehoshaphat - recorder] The registrar of public events.
Read AdamClarke on 2 Samuel 20 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges24. Adoram] Perhaps the same as Adoniram (1 Kings 4:6; 1 Kings 5:14), who held the office in Solomon’s reign, and Adoram, who held it at the beginning of Rehoboam’s reign (1 Kings 12:18), but possibly three persons of the same family, who succeeded one another in the office, are meant. The Sept. reads Adoniram here. over the tribute] Better over the levy (1 Kings 4:6 marg., 2 Samuel 5:14); superintendent of the forced levies employed in public works. Adoram was stoned to death by the people in the rebellion at the beginning of Rehoboam’s reign, as the representative of the hated system of forced labour which had oppressed the people beyond all endurance in Solomon’s reign (1 Kings 12:4).…
Read Cambridge on 2 Samuel 20 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleAdoram - Not mentioned before by name or office. Apparently, therefore, the office was not instituted until the latter part of David’s reign, and its duties probably were the collection of the
Read Albert Barnes on 2 Samuel 20 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible24. Adoram — Called also Adoniram and Hadoram, 1 Kings 4:6; 2 Chronicles 10:18.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on 2 Samuel 20 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Adoram was in charge of the forced labor; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder;
Adoram was over the men subject to forced labor, Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was the recorder,
Adoram was in charge of the forced labor; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder;
Adoniram was supervisor of the work crews. Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the secretary.
Tyndale line
And Adoram was over the tribute: and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder:
and Adoram was over the men subject to taskwork; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was the recorder;
and Adoram was over the tribute: and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was the recorder:
And Adoram was over the tribute: and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder:
And Adoram ouer the tribute, and Ioshaphat the sonne of Ahilud the recorder,
Strictly literal
and Adoram was over the levy; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;
and Adoram [is] over the tribute, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud [is] the remembrancer,
and Adoram [is] over the tribute, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud [is] the remembrancer,
And Adoram was over the tribute; and Jehoshaphat the son of Achilud was recorder;
Adoniram was over the men who did forced labor, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder.
From the Latin
But Aduram over the tributes: and Josaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder.
Simplified
Adoniram was in charge of the labor force. Jehoshaphat, son of Ahilud, kept the official records.
And Adoram was overseer of the forced work; and Jehoshaphat, the son of Ahilud, was the recorder;
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of this verse, with all seven words matched in the Greek translation. The Dead Sea Scrolls provide partial restoration, but the essential roles of Adoram and Jehoshaphat are preserved.
וַאֲדֹרָ֖ם עַל־ הַמַּ֑ס וִיהוֹשָׁפָ֥ט בֶּן־ אֲחִיל֖וּד הַמַּזְכִּֽיר׃
7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ואדרם [על] [המס] [ושפן] [בן] [אחילוד] [המזכיר]
nothing on the leather here — 1 partly restored, 6 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 2 Samuel 20:24
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֲדֹרָם (Adoram) refers to a man from the time of the United Monarchy, mentioned in 2 Samuel 20:24. He is identified as an officer under both King David and King Rehoboam. The name is linked to the meaning "my lord is exalted" and is also noted as Adoniram and Hadoram in other contexts.
אֲדֹרָם (contr. or corrupt, cf. foregoing [a.be.aj]) same official, under David, & Rehob.
base
H151 אֲדֹרָם
151 'Adoram ad-o-rawm'
contracted for 141; Adoram (or Adoniram), an
Israelite:--Adoram.
see HEBREW for 0141
אֲדֹרָם (a.do.ram) — Adoram.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.20.24;
son of: Abda (H5653); also called Adoniram at 1Ki.4.6; 5.14; Hadoram at 2Ch.10.18;
§ Adoram = "my lord is exalted"
1) an officer of David
2) an officer of Rehoboam
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
a-do'-ram. See ADONIRAM.
Adoram
See ADONIRAM.
[ADONIRAM; HADORAM]
See ADONIRAM
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep — PrepositionHR
The Hebrew word מַס (mas) refers to a body of forced laborers or task-workers, encompassing concepts like serfdom and tribute. It is derived from a root meaning 'burden' and is associated with enforced labor and service. The entries highlight its use in contexts related to labor gangs and taskmasters.
מַס n.m. usu. coll. body of forced labourers, task-workers, labour-band or gang, also (late) forced service, task-work, serfdom
base
H4522 מַס body of forced labourers, task-workers, labour-band or gang, also (late) forced service, task-work, serfdom
4522 mac mas
or mic {mees}; from 4549; properly, a burden (as causing to
faint), i.e. a tax in the form of forced labor:--discomfited,
levy, task(-master), tribute(-tary).
see HEBREW for 04549
מַס (mas) — taskworker.
1) gang or body of forced labourers, task-workers, labour band or gang, forced service, task-work, serfdom, tributary, tribute, levy, taskmasters, discomfited
1a) labour-band, labour-gang, slave gang
1b) gang-overseers
1c) forced service, serfdom, tribute, enforced payment
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
la'-ber (yeghia`, `amal; kopos): The word (noun and verb) denoting hard work or "toil" (thus in the Revised Version (British and American) of De 26:7; Jos 7:3; Re 2:2) represents several Hebrew and Greek words, chiefly those above. Occasionally, as in Hab 3:17 (ma`aseh), it stands for "fruit of labor." Sometimes, in conjunction with "travail," it refers to childbirth (Ge 35:16,17, yaladh; compare 1Th 2:9; 2Th 3:8). Examples of the word in the ordinary sense are: of yeghia`,
The Hebrew word יְהוֹשָׁפָט (*Yhowshaphat*) means 'Jehovah has judged.' It refers to several individuals, including a king of Judah, a chronicler, and a priest during the time of David, as well as a valley near Jerusalem associated with ultimate judgment. The entries note that Jehoshaphat was a significant king known for his piety and prosperity.
יְהוֹשָׁפָט, יוֹשָׁפָט n.pr.m. (י׳ hath judged)
king of Judah, son of Asa
father of Jehu king of Israel
chronicler under David & Solomon, son of Ahilud
one of Sol.’s 12 officers who provided victuals for the royal household
one of David’s heroes
a priest & trumpeter in David’s time
in n.pr.loc., symbolical name of a valley near Jerusalem, place of ultimate judgment.
base
H3092 יְהוֹשָׁפָט, יוֹשָׁפָט
3092 Yhowshaphat yeh-ho-shaw-fawt'
from 3068 and 8199; Jehovah-judged; Jehoshaphat, the name of
six Israelites; also of a valley near Jerusalem:--Jehoshaphat.
Compare 3146.
see HEBREW for 03068
see HEBREW for 08199
see HEBREW for 03146
יְהוֹשָׁפָט (ye.ho.sha.phat) — Jehoshaphat.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.8.16;
son of: Ahilud (H0286);
brother of: Baana (H1195)
§ Jehoshaphat = "Jehovah has judged"
1) son of king Asa and himself king of Judah for 25 years; one of the best, most pious, and prosperous kings of Judah
2) son of Nimshi and father of king Jehu of the northern kingdom of Israel
3) son of Ahilud and chronicler under David and Solomon
4) son of Paruah and one of the 12 commissary officers under Solomon
5) a priest and trumpeter in the time of David
6) symbolical name of a valley near Jerusalem which is the place of ultimate judgment; maybe the deep ravine which separates Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives through which the Kidron flowed
יְהוֹשָׁפָט (ye.ho.sha.phat) — Jehoshaphat.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ki.4.17;
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Jehoshaphat
Jehovah-judged. (1.) One of David’s body-guard (1 Chr. 11:43).
(2.) One of the priests who accompanied the removal of the ark to Jerusalem (1 Chr. 15:24).
(3.) Son of Ahilud, “recorder” or annalist under David and Solomon (2 Sam. 8:16), a state officer of high rank, chancellor or vizier of the kingdom.
(4.) Solomon’s purveyor in Issachar (1 Kings 4:17).
(5.) The son and successor of Asa, king of Judah. After fortifying his kingdom against Israel (2 Chr. 17:1, 2), he set himself to cleanse the land of idolatry (1 Kings 22:43). In the third year of his…
(whom Jehovah judges.) King of Judah, son of Asa, succeeded to the throne B.C. 914, when he was 35 years old, and reigned 25 years. His history is to be found among the events recorded in (1 Kings 15:24; 2 Kings 8:16) or in a continuous narrative in (2 Chronicles 17:1; 2 Chronicles 21:3) He was contemporary with Ahab, Ahaziah and Jehoram. He was one of the best, most pious and prosperous kings of Judah, the greatest since Solomon. At first he strengthened himself against Israel; but soon afterward the two Hebrew kings formed an alliance. In his own kingdom Jehoshaphat ever showed himself a zealous follower of the commandments of God: he tried to put down the high places and…
A pious king of Judah, the son and successor of Asa. He began to reign at the age of thirty-five, about the year 914 B. C., and reigned twenty-five years. His history is found in 1Ki 15:24 22:1-53 2Ch 17:1-20:37. He was distinguished by his zeal for true religion, and his firm trust in God. He thoroughly cleansed the land from idolatry, restored the divine ordinances, and provided for the religious instruction of the people. His government was highly prospered at home and abroad. The great error of his life was an entangling alliance with the wicked Ahab, whose infamous daughter Athaliah early began to afflict the kingdom of Judah, of which she was afterwards the queen. Jehoshaphat was beguiled by Ahab into an unsuccessful war with the Syrians, but soon resumed his labors in…
the Lord is judge
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
The Hebrew word אֲחִילוּד (*Achiyluwd*) refers to a man named Ahilud, who lived during the United Monarchy of Israel. He is identified as the father of Jehoshaphat, a chronicler for King David, and Baana, an officer under Solomon. The name is derived from the roots meaning 'brother of one born,' suggesting a familial connection.
אֲחִילוּד n.pr.m. (child’s brother (?))
father of Jehoshaphat, David’s chronicler
father of Baana, officer of Solomon
base
H286 אֲחִילוּד
286 'Achiyluwd akh-ee-lood'
from 251 and 3205; brother of one born; Achilud, an
Israelite:--Ahilud.
see HEBREW for 0251
see HEBREW for 03205
אֲחִילוּד (a.chi.lud) — Ahilud.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.8.16;
father of: Jehoshaphat (H3092), Baana (H1195)
§ Ahilud = "child's brother"
1) father of Jehoshaphat, David's recorder
2) father of Baana, an officer of Solomon
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
a-hi'-lud ('achiludh, "child's brother," perhaps): The father of Jehoshaphat, who is mentioned as "recorder" in both the earlier and the later lists under David, and in the list under Solomon (2Sa 8:16, 1Ch 18:15; 2Sa 20:24; 1Ki 4:3). In the absence of proof we may assume that the father of Baana, one of Solomon's district superintendents, was the same Ahilud (1Ki 4:12).
(a brother of one born, i.e. before him). Father of Jehoshaphat, the recorder or chronicler of the kingdom in the reigns of David and Solomon. (2 Samuel 8:16; 20:24; 1 Kings 4:3; 1 Chronicles 18:15) (B.C. before 1015.) The father of Baana, one of Solomon’s twelve commissariat officers. (1 Kings 4:12) It is uncertain whether he is the same with the foregoing.
a brother born, or begotten
The Hebrew word זָכַר (zakar) means 'to remember' and is built from a primitive root implying recognition. It covers a range of meanings, including recalling thoughts, commemorating days, and causing others to remember. The entries also note its use in various grammatical forms, such as being remembered or making a memorial.
זָכַר vb. remember
Qal
Human subj.
remember, recall, call to mind, usu. as affecting present feeling, thought or action
remember persons (human subj.)
remember י׳
remember
think of or on, call to mind something present or future
remember a day, to observe, commemorate it
remember, with implied mention of, obj.
Subj. י׳ (אלהִם)
remember persons
remember the distress of his servants
their devotion
remember his own covenant (with them)
his mercy
extenuating circumstances
remember sins, idolatries
Niph.
be brought to remembrance, remembered, thought of, usu. c. neg.
neg. be not remembered = no longer exist, of name of Israel, as nation
be remembered, of particular days, in order to be observed, commemorated
Hiph.
cause to remember, remind
cause to be remembered, keep in remembrance
mention
record, only pt.
of sacrifice, make a memorial
base
H2142 זָכַר remember .. Human subj. . remember, recall, call to mind, usu. as affecting present feeling, thought or action
. remember persons (human subj.)
. remember י׳
. remember
. think of or on, call to mind something present or future
. remember a day, to observe, commemorate it
. remember, with implied mention of, obj.
. Subj. י׳ (אלהִם) . remember persons
. . remember the distress of his servants
. their devotion
. . remember his own covenant (with them)
. his mercy
. extenuating circumstances
. remember sins, idolatries
. . be brought to remembrance, remembered, thought of, usu. c. neg.
. neg. be not remembered = no longer exist, of name of Israel, as nation
. be remembered, of particular days, in order to be observed, commemorated
. . cause to remember, remind
. cause to be remembered, keep in remembrance
. mention
. record, only pt.
. of sacrifice, make a memorial
2142 zakar zaw-kar'
a primitive root; properly, to mark (so as to be recognized),
i.e. to remember; by implication, to mention; also (as
denominative from 2145) to be male:--X burn (incense), X
earnestly, be male, (make) mention (of), be mindful, recount,
record(-er), remember, make to be remembered, bring (call,
come, keep, put) to (in) remembrance, X still, think on, X
well.
see HEBREW for 02145
זָכַר (za.khar) — to remember.
1) to remember, recall, call to mind
1a) (Qal) to remember, recall
1b) (Niphal) to be brought to remembrance, be remembered, be thought of, be brought to mind
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to cause to remember, remind
1c2) to cause to be remembered, keep in remembrance
1c3) to mention
1c4) to record
1c5) to make a memorial, make remembrance
Art | V-Hiphil — Particle · verb hiphil participle (active) masculine singularHTd/Vhrmsa
re-kor'-der (mazkir; the Revised Version margin "chronicler"): A high functionary in the court of the Jewish kings, part of whose duty seems to have been to chronicle the events of the reign, but who also occupied a position corresponding with that of the modern vizier (2Sa 8:16; 20:24; 1Ch 18:15, etc.). His high rank is shown by the facts that, with other officers, he represented Hezekiah in speaking with Rabshakeh (2Ki 18:18), and, in the reign of Josiah, superintended the repairs of the temple (2Ch 34:8).
Recorder
(Heb. mazkir, i.e., “the mentioner,” “rememberancer”), the office first held by Jehoshaphat in the court of David (2 Sam. 8:16), also in the court of Solomon (1 Kings 4:3). The next recorder mentioned is Joah, in the reign of Hezekiah (2 Kings 18:18, 37; Isa. 36:3, 22). In the reign of Josiah another of the name of Joah filled this office (2 Chr. 34:8). The “recorder” was the chancellor or vizier of the kingdom. He brought all weighty matters under the notice of the king, “such as complaints, petitions, and wishes of subjects or foreigners. He also drew up papers for the king’s guidance, and prepared drafts of the…
an officer of high rank in the Jewish state, exercising the functions, not simply of an annalist, but of chancellor or president of the privy council. In David’s court the recorder appeal’s among the high officers of his household. (2 Samuel 8:16; 20:24; 1 Chronicles 18:15) In Solomon’s he is coupled with the three secretaries. (1 Kings 4:3) comp. 2Kin 18:18,37; 2Chr 34:8