Amos 8:4 — Word Study
WLCשִׁמְעוּ־ זֹ֕את הַשֹּׁאֲפִ֖ים אֶבְי֑וֹן וְלַשְׁבִּ֖ית עֲנִיֵּי אָֽרֶץ׃
BSAHearshâmaʻ [listen attentively, obey] thiszôʼth you who trampleshâʼaph [crush, swallow up] the needyʼebyôwn [poor, oppressed] who do away withshâbath [cause to cease, destroy] the poorʻânâv [humble, afflicted] of the landʼerets [earth, territory]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| שִׁמְעוּ־ | hear | Verb, Qal, imperative second person masculine plural |
| זֹ֕את | this | Particle |
| הַשֹּׁאֲפִ֖ים | O those [who] trample on | Particle, verb qal participle (active) masculine plural |
| אֶבְי֑וֹן | [the] needy | Adj |
| וְלַשְׁבִּ֖ית | and to put an end to | Conjunction, preposition, verb hiphil infinitive construct common |
| עֲנִיֵּי | [the] afflicted [people] of | |
| אָֽרֶץ׃ | [the] land | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Hear this, you who trample the needy, who do away with the poor of the land, |
| KJV | ¶ Hear this, O ye that swallow up the needy, even to make the poor of the land to fail, |
| ASV | Hear this, O ye that would swallow up the needy, and cause the poor of the land to fail, |
| YLT | Hear this, ye who are swallowing up the needy, To cause to cease the poor of the land, |
| WEB | Hear this, you who desire to swallow up the needy, and cause the poor of the land to fail, |
| BBE | Give ear to this, you who are crushing the poor, and whose purpose is to put an end to those who are in need in the land, |
The translations agree on the core message, focusing on the call to listen and the condemnation of oppression.
The sentence is structured around a main command with descriptive phrases that clarify who is being addressed and their actions.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbשָׁמַע
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Amos 8:4
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Call to Justicegenerated
Amos 8:4 addresses the people of Israel, urging them to listen carefully to the prophet's message. This verse is part of a broader condemnation of social injustices, specifically targeting those who exploit the vulnerable and neglect the poor. The surrounding verses emphasize the consequences of such behavior, illustrating a society more concerned with profit than compassion, as seen in Amos 8:5 and Amos 8:6.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Amos 7:16 | Now, therefore, hear the word of the LORD. You say: ‘Do not prophesy against Israel; do not preach against the house of Isaac.’ |
| 2 | 1 Kings 22:19 | Micaiah continued, “Therefore hear the word of the LORD: I saw the LORD sitting on His throne, and all the host of heaven standing by Him on His right and on His left. |
| 3 | Isaiah 1:10 | Hear the word of the LORD, you rulers of Sodom; listen to the instruction of our God, you people of Gomorrah! |
| 4 | Isaiah 28:14 | Therefore hear the word of the LORD, O scoffers who rule this people in Jerusalem. |
| 5 | Jeremiah 5:21 | “Hear this, O foolish and senseless people, who have eyes but do not see, who have ears but do not hear. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 16 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — שִׁמְעוּ־, shim.'u-generated
The word שִׁמְעוּ (shim.'u-) is the imperative form of the verb שָׁמַע (shama`), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen.' It calls for attentive listening and implies an expectation of obedience. The Qal form indicates a straightforward command, emphasizing the urgency of the message.
This word is often used in contexts where God is calling His people to heed His words, highlighting the importance of listening not just with ears but with a heart ready to respond. In this context, Amos is demanding that the people pay attention to their actions and their impact on the needy.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The verse is rendered in the Berean Standard Bible as 'Hear this, you who trample the needy.' The BSB, along with the KJV and ASV, maintains a similar wording, focusing on the act of hearing and the condemnation of those who oppress the poor.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb is שִׁמְעוּ (shim.'u-), 'hear,' which governs the entire verse. It is followed by a direct object, זֹ֕את (zot), 'this,' indicating what they are to hear.
The structure of the verse emphasizes the imperative nature of the command to listen, with the participial phrase הַשֹּׁאֲפִ֖ים (ha.sho.'a.Fim), 'those who trample,' describing the subjects of the address. This arrangement highlights the seriousness of the actions being condemned.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates שִׁמְעוּ as ἀκούσατε (akousate), meaning 'hear' or 'listen.' This choice maintains the imperative call to attention, similar to the Hebrew.
The Greek word ἐκτρίβοντες is used for הַשֹּׁאֲפִ֖ים, indicating a strong action of trampling or crushing, which aligns with the Hebrew meaning while also conveying a sense of aggression.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Amos 8:4 calls on the people to listen carefully to the warning against those who take advantage of the needy and the poor. The verse highlights the seriousness of their actions and the need for justice in society.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To 'trample the needy' refers to the act of oppressing or exploiting those who are vulnerable and in need of help.
Listening is emphasized to stress the importance of paying attention to God's call for justice and recognizing the wrongs in society.
Ignoring this message can lead to continued injustice and suffering for the vulnerable, as well as divine judgment.
We can apply this verse by advocating for the needy and ensuring that our actions do not harm those who are less fortunate.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see injustice in my community, and how can I respond?
- How can I actively listen for God's guidance in addressing social issues?
- What steps can I take to support those who are vulnerable in my life?
- How does this verse challenge my understanding of justice and compassion?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentators, such as Jerome, reference this verse to discuss the moral implications of exploiting the poor and the importance of justice.
Listen to this, you who crush the poor and make the needy of the earth fail, saying: When the month passes, we will sell our goods, and on the Sabbath, we will open the granary to decrease the measure and increase the weight;Early Church Fathers on Amos 8 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Amos 8:4 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleHear this, O ye that swallow up the needy,.... Like a man that pants after a draught of water when thirsty; and, when he has got it, greedily swallows it down at one gulp; so these rich men swallowed
Read John Gill on Amos 8 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryHear this, O ye that swallow up the needy, even to make the poor of the land to fail, Hear this. The nobles needed to be urged thus, as hating to hear reproof.
Read Robert Jamieson on Amos 8 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThough the prophet had several times told them what were the sins for which God would thus punish Israel, yet on a repeated threat he repeateth the rehearsal of the sins which draw down these judgments on their heads. Hear this, attend, and consider it, O ye that swallow up, greedily and cruelly devour, that do, like the greater fish, swallow up the lesser fry: in this one word the prophet includeth all the methods of their cruel oppression, wasting tho poor. The needy; such as were objects of your mercy, had you been just and honest, as well as rich and great. Even to make the poor of the land to fail; either to root them out, or to enslave them, while their necessities force them to sell…
Read Matthew Poole on Amos 8 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsAmos 8:4 Hear this, O ye that swallow up the needy, even to make the poor of the land to fail,Ver. 4. Hear this, ye that swallow up the needy] That seep them up as drink (our word seep seems to come of the Hebrew Shaaph), that would make but a breakfast, nay, but a bit of them; that would swallow them at once down their wide gullets, and do, for that purpose, pant and even faint, as well nigh windless, after them, to devour them. Hence they are called man eaters, cannibals, Psalms 14:4. See Amos 2:7. Even to make the poor of the land to fail] Heb. the meek of the, land. Poverty should meeken and tame men’ s spirits; howbeit, some are humbled but not humble, low but not lowly. Those that are…
Read John Trapp on Amos 8 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(4) Ye that swallow up . . .—Better, ye that pant (or are greedy) for the very ashes on their heads.Make . . . to fail.—Literally, make . . . to cease: i.e., destroy.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Amos 8 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 4. Hear this, O ye that swallow up the needy] Ye that bruise the poor; exact from them, and tread them under foot.
Read AdamClarke on Amos 8 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges4–14. A fresh denunciation of Israel’s sin, followed by a fresh picture of the impending calamities.
Read Cambridge on Amos 8 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleHere ye this, ye that swallow - Or, better in the same sense, “that pant for the needy;” as Job says, “the hireling panteth for the evening” Job 7:2.
Read Albert Barnes on Amos 8 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Hear this, you who trample the needy, who do away with the poor of the land,
Hear this, you who desire to swallow up the needy, and cause the poor of the land to fail,
Hear this, you who trample the needy, who do away with the poor of the land,
Listen to this, you who trample the needy, and do away with the destitute in the land.
Tyndale line
¶ Hear this, O ye that swallow up the needy, even to make the poor of the land to fail,
Hear this, O ye that would swallow up the needy, and cause the poor of the land to fail,
Hear this, O ye that would swallow up the needy, and cause the poor of the land to fail,
Hear this, O ye that swallow up the needy, even to make the poor of the land to fail,
Heare this, O yee that swallowe vp the poore, that ye may make the needie of the lande to fayle,
Strictly literal
Hear this, ye that pant after the needy, even to cause to fail the poor of the land,
Hear this, ye who are swallowing up the needy, To cause to cease the poor of the land,
Hear this, you who are swallowing up the needy, || To cause the poor of the land to cease,
Hear this, O ye that are greedy to swallow the needy, and to ruin the poor of the land,
Listen to this, you who trample the needy and remove the poor of the land.
From the Latin
Hear this, you that crush the poor, and make the needy of the land to fail,
Simplified
Listen to this, you who trample down the needy, and wipe out the poor of the land.
Give ear to this, you who are crushing the poor, and whose purpose is to put an end to those who are in need in the land,
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree in their wording for this verse, with all seven words matched. The Dead Sea Scrolls show some restoration, but the core message remains intact, emphasizing the call to listen and the condemnation of the oppressors.
שִׁמְעוּ־ זֹ֕את הַשֹּׁאֲפִ֖ים אֶבְי֑וֹן וְלַשְׁבִּ֖ית עֲנִיֵּי אָֽרֶץ׃
7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[שמעו] [זאת] [השאפים] אביון [ולשבית] [ענוי] [ארץ]
nothing on the leather here — 1 partly restored, 6 supplied entire by an editor.
[שמעו] [זאת] [השאפים] [אביון] [ולשבית] ענוי ארץ
2 words on the leather — 5 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Amos 8:4
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word שָׁמַע (shama`) means 'to hear' and encompasses a range of meanings including listening, obeying, and proclaiming. It is built from a primitive root and can imply attention and understanding. The entries highlight various grammatical forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of hearing and obeying. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
שָׁמַע 1152 vb. hear
Qal 1052
subj. pers. hum.
י׳ (God) subj.
Niph. 42 be heard, of voice, sound
be heard of
be regarded, obeyed
= (favourable) hearing was granted to their voice.
Pi. he caused the people to hear
Hiph. 63
of man
י׳ subj.
base
H8085 שָׁמַע hear
8085 shama` shaw-mah'
a primitive root; to hear intelligently (often with
implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to
tell, etc.):--X attentively, call (gather) together, X
carefully, X certainly, consent, consider, be content,
declare, X diligently, discern, give ear, (cause to, let, make
to) hear(-ken, tell), X indeed, listen, make (a) noise, (be)
obedient, obey, perceive, (make a) proclaim(-ation), publish,
regard, report, shew (forth), (make a) sound, X surely, tell,
understand, whosoever (heareth), witness.
שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: hear.
: hear
v
1) to hear, listen to, obey
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)
1a2) to hear of or concerning
1a3) to hear (have power to hear)
1a4) to hear with attention or interest, listen to
1a5) to understand (language)
1a6) to hear (of judicial cases)
1a7) to listen, give heed
1a7a) to consent, agree
1a7b) to grant request
1a8) to listen to, yield to
1a9) to obey, be obedient
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be heard (of voice or sound)
1b2) to be heard of
1b3) to be regarded, be obeyed
1c) (Piel) to cause to hear, call to hear, summon
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound
1d2) to sound aloud (musical term)
1d3) to make proclamation, summon
1d4) to cause to be heard
n m
2) sound
שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: obey.
: obey
v
1) to hear, listen to, obey
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)
1a2) to hear of or concerning
1a3) to hear (have power to hear)
V-Qal-Impv-2mp — Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine pluralHVqv2mp
זֹאת (zot) is a demonstrative pronoun and adverb meaning 'this' or 'here.' It can stand alone or be used in apposition to a noun, often serving as a predicate. The word can also attach enclitically to interrogative pronouns to add emphasis. In poetry, it may function as a relative pronoun, though this is rare.
זֶה demonstr.pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here
standing alone
In appos. to subst.
More oft. as pred.
It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.
In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)
With prefixes (in special senses)
base
H2063 זֶה demonstr. pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here . standing alone
. In appos. to subst.
. More oft. as pred.
. It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.
. In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)
. With prefixes (in special senses)
2063 zo'th zothe'
irregular feminine of 2089; this (often used adverb):--
hereby (-in, -with), it, likewise, the one (other, same), she,
so (much), such (deed), that, therefore, these, this (thing),
thus.
see HEBREW for 02089
זֹאת (zot) — this.
1) this, this one, here, which, this...that, the one...the other, such
1a) (alone)
1a1) this one
1a2) this...that, the one...the other, another
1b) (appos to subst)
1b1) this
1c) (as predicate)
1c1) this, such
1d) (enclitically)
1d1) then
1d2) who, whom
1d3) how now, what now
1d4) what now
1d5) wherefore now
1d6) behold here
1d7) just now
1d8) now, now already
1e) (poetry)
1e1) wherein, which, those who
1f) (with prefixes)
1f1) in this (place) here, then
1f2) on these conditions, herewith, thus provided, by, through this, for this cause, in this matter
1f3) thus and thus
1f4) as follows, things such as these, accordingly, to that effect, in like manner, thus and thus
1f5) from here, hence, on one side...on the other side
1f6) on this account
1f7) in spite of this, which, whence, how
Pron — ParticleHTm
שָׁאַף (sha'aph) is a Hebrew verb with two primary meanings: to gasp or pant, often in a context of longing or desire, and to crush or trample. The word conveys both a sense of eager inhalation and a physical act of crushing. It appears in various forms, indicating both emotional and physical intensity.
שָׁאַף vb. gasp, pant, pant after, long for
base
[שָׁאַף] vb. crush, trample on
base
H7602a שָׁאַף gasp, pant, pant after, long for H7602b שָׁאַף crush, trample on
7602 sha'aph shaw-af'
a primitive root; to inhale eagerly; figuratively, to cover;
by implication, to be angry; also to hasten:--desire
(earnestly), devour, haste, pant, snuff up, swallow up.
שָׁאַף (sha.aph) — to long for.
1) to gasp, pant, pant after, long for, breathe heavily
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to gasp, pant after, snuff up
1a2) to gasp or pant (with desire), pant after, be eager for
1a3) to thirst for one's blood (from actions of animals) (fig)
שָׁאַף (sha.aph) — to crush.
1) to crush, trample, trample upon
1a) (Qal) to trample upon, crush
Art | V-Qal — Particle · verb qal participle (active) masculine pluralHTd/Vqrmpa
On
Light; the sun, (Gen. 41:45, 50), the great seat of sun-worship, called also Bethshemesh (Jer. 43:13) and Aven (Ezek. 30:17), stood on the east bank of the Nile, a few miles north of Memphis, and near Cairo, in the north-east. The Vulgate and the LXX. Versions have “Heliopolis” (“city of the sun”) instead of On in Genesis and of Aven in Ezekiel. The “city of destruction” Isaiah speaks of (19:18, marg. “of Heres;” Heb. ‘Ir-ha-heres, which some MSS. read Ir-ha-heres, i.e., “city of the sun”) may be the name given to On, the prophecy being that the time will come when that city which was known as the “city of the sun-god” shall become the “city of destruction” of the sun-god, i.e., when idolatry shall cease, and the worship…
(abode or city of the sun), a town of lower Egypt, called BETH-SHEMESH in (Jeremiah 43:13) On is better known under its Greek name Heliopolis. It was situated on the east side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, just below the point of the Delta, and about twenty miles northeast of Memphis. The chief object of worship at Heliopolis was the sun, whose temple, described by Strabo, is now only represented by the single beautiful obelisk, of red granite so feet 2 inches high above the pedestal which has stood for more than 4000 years, having been erected by Usirtesen, the second king of the twelfth dynasty. Heliopolis was anciently famous for its learning, and Eudoxus and Plato studied under its priests. The first mention of this place in the Bible is in the history of Joseph, to whom we read Pharaoh gave "to wife Asenath the daughter…
See HELIOPOLIS.
pain; force; iniquity
The Hebrew word אֶבְיוֹן (*ebyown*) means needy or poor, derived from a root indicating want. It describes individuals who are destitute, oppressed, or in need of help, particularly from God. This term appears in various contexts in the Old Testament, often referring to the lowest social class and the importance of caring for such individuals.
אֶבְיוֹן adj. in want, needy, poor,—so, alw. abs., Dt 15:4 + 40 t.; אֶבְיֹנְךָ Ex 23:6 Dt 15:11; אֶבְיוֹנִים Am 4:1 + 14 t.; אֶבְיוֹנֵי (אֶבְיֹנֵי) Ex 23:11 Is 29:19; אֶבְיוֹנֶיהָ ψ 132:15—(Hex. only JED; mostly poet., 23 t. ψ) needy, chiefly poor (in material things); as adj. Dt 15:7, 7, 9; 24:14 ψ 109:16 (both ∥ עָנִי); elsewhere subst.; ψ 49:3 (∥ עָשִׁיר); Dt 15:4, 11; subj. to oppression & abuse Am 2:6…
Read the full entry →H34 אֶבְיוֹן in want, needy, poor
34 'ebyown eb-yone'
from 14, in the sense of want (especially in feeling);
destitute:--beggar, needy, poor (man).
see HEBREW for 014
אֶבְיוֹן (ev.yon) — needy.
1) in want, needy, chiefly poor, needy person
2) subject to oppression and abuse
3) needing help, deliverance from trouble, especially as delivered by God
4) general reference to lowest class
Adj — AdjHAamsa
ned'-i ('ebhyon).
See POOR.
שָׁבַת (shabath) is a Hebrew verb meaning to cease or rest, often in the context of stopping work. It can also imply causing something to cease or fail, and is associated with observing the Sabbath. The entries indicate its use in various forms, including Qal, Niphal, and Hiphil, covering a range of meanings from simple cessation to destruction.
שָׁבַת 71 vb. cease, desist, rest
Qal 27
cease
desist from labour, rest
Niph. cease
Hiph.
40 cause to cease, put an end to
= exterminate, destroy
cause to desist from
remove
cause to fail, let be lacking
base
[שָׁבַת] vb. denom. keep, observe (sabbath)
base
H7673a שָׁבַת cease, desist, rest .. cease
. desist from labour, rest
. cease
. . cause to cease, put an end to
. = exterminate, destroy
. cause to desist from
. remove
. cause to fail, let be lacking
H7673b שָׁבַת vb. denom. keep, observe (sabbath)
7673 shabath shaw-bath'
a primitive root; to repose, i.e. desist from exertion; used
in many implied relations (causative, figurative or
specific):--(cause to, let, make to) cease, celebrate, cause
(make) to fail, keep (sabbath), suffer to be lacking, leave,
put away (down), (make to) rest, rid, still, take away.
שָׁבַת (sha.vat) — to cease.
1) to cease, desist, rest
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to cease
1a2) to rest, desist (from labour)
1b) (Niphal) to cease
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to cause to cease, put an end to
1c2) to exterminate, destroy
1c3) to cause to desist from
1c4) to remove
1c5) to cause to fail
שָׁבַת (sha.vat) — to keep.
(Qal) to keep or observe the sabbath
Conj | Prep | V-Hiphil-Inf-a — Conjunction · preposition · verb hiphil infinitive construct commonHC/R/Vhcc
qets, 'ephec, kalah; telos, sunteleo:
The end of anything is its termination, hence, also, final object or purpose.
It is the translation of several Hebrew and Greek words, chiefly in the Old Testament of qets (properly, "a cutting off") and other words from the same root (Ge 6:13, "The end of all flesh is come before me"); 'acharith, "hinder part," is also frequently translated "end" (De 11:12; Ps 37:37,38, American Revised Version: "There is a happy end to the man of peace .... The end of the wicked shall be cut off"; the English Revised Version "latter end" (Ps 37:37), margin "reward" or "future posterity"; Ps 73:17…
End
In Heb. 13:7, is the rendering of the unusual Greek word ekbasin, meaning “outcome”, i.e., death. It occurs only elsewhere in 1 Cor. 10:13, where it is rendered “escape.”
עָנִי (aniy) describes a state of being poor, afflicted, or humble. It is built from the root meaning to be depressed in mind or circumstances. The entries indicate it covers a range of meanings including needy, lowly, and wretched. There is a noted disagreement regarding its relationship to another word, עָנָה (anah), with some lexicons viewing one as subjective and the other as objective.
עָנִי adj. poor, afflicted, humble
base
H6041 עָנִי poor, afflicted, humble
6041 `aniy aw-nee'
from 6031; depressed, in mind or circumstances (practically
the same as 6035, although the margin constantly disputes
this, making 6035 subjective and 6041 objective):--afflicted,
humble, lowly, needy, poor.
see HEBREW for 06031
see HEBREW for 06035
see HEBREW for 06035
see HEBREW for 06041
עָנִי (a.ni) — afflicted.
1) poor, afflicted, humble, wretched
1a) poor, needy
1b) poor and weak
1c) poor, weak, afflicted, wretched
1d) humble, lowly
HAampc — HAampc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
אֶ֫רֶץ (erets) is a feminine noun meaning 'earth' or 'land.' It encompasses various meanings, including the whole earth, specific territories like Canaan, and even inhabitants of the land. It can refer to soil, ground, or regions, and is used in phrases related to distance and the living. There is a note on the plural form אֲרָצוֹת, which mainly appears in later texts to denote multiple lands.
אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land
earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)
earth, opp. to heaven, sky
earth = inhabitants of earth
land =
country, territory
district, region
trial territory
piece of ground
specif. land of Canaan, or Israel
= inhabitants of land
used even of Shᵉʼôl
ground, surface of ground
soil, as productive
אֶרֶץ in phrases
people of the land
in measurements of distance
the country of the plain, level or plain country
land of the living
end(s) of the earth
pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.
base
H776 אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land . . earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)
. earth, opp. to heaven, sky
. earth = inhabitants of earth
. land = . country, territory
. district, region
. trial territory
. piece of ground
. specif. land of Canaan, or Israel
. = inhabitants of land
. used even of Shᵉʼôl
. . ground, surface of ground
. soil, as productive
. אֶרֶץ in phrases . people of the land
. in measurements of distance
. the country of the plain, level or plain country
. land of the living
. end(s) of the earth
. pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.
776 'erets eh'-rets
from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth
(at large, or partitively a land):--X common, country, earth,
field, ground, land, X natins, way, + wilderness, world.
אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: country/planet.
: country/field
1) land, earth
1a) earth
1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)
1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)
1a3) earth (inhabitants)
1b) land
1b1) country, territory
1b2) district, region
1b3) tribal territory
1b4) piece of ground
1b5) land of Canaan, Israel
1b6) inhabitants of land
1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world
1b8) city (-state)
1c) ground, surface of the earth
1c1) ground
1c2) soil
1d) (in phrases)
1d1) people of the land
1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance)
1d3) level or plain country
1d4) land of the living
1d5) end(s) of the earth
1e) (almost wholly late in usage)
1e1) lands, countries
1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan
אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: soil.
: soil
1) land, earth
1a) earth
1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)
1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)
1a3) earth (inhabitants)
1b) land
1b1) country, territory
N-cs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
((1) 'erets;
(2) 'adhamah;
(3) sadheh,
"a piece of land";
(4) ge, "earth";
(5) agros, "field";
(6) chora, "region";
(7) chorion, diminutive of chora;
(8) xeros, "dry land";
(9) 'ezrach, "native" the King James Version "born in the land," "born among you," the Revised Version (British and American) "home-born" (Le 19:34; 14:16; Nu 15:30); "like a green tree in its native soil" (Ps 37:35)):
→ Appeared on the third creative day Ge 1:9
→ Original title to, from God Ge 13:14-17; 15:7; Ex 23:31; Le 25:23
→ Bought and sold Ge 23:3-18; 33:19; Ac 4:34; 5:1-8
→ Sale and redemption of, laws concerning Le 25:15,16,23-33; 27:17-24; Nu 36:4; Jer 32:7-16,25,44; Eze 46:18