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Ecclesiastes 2:5 — Word Study

Depth

WLCעָשִׂ֣יתִי לִ֔י גַּנּ֖וֹת וּפַרְדֵּסִ֑ים וְנָטַ֥עְתִּי בָהֶ֖ם עֵ֥ץ כָּל־ פֶּֽרִי׃

BSAI madeʻâsâh [for my own pleasure, created] gardensgannâh [and orchards, paradise-like] and parkspardêç [enclosed gardens, forests] I plantednâṭaʻ [established, fixed] all kindskôl [every sort, variety] of fruitpᵉrîy [the produce, harvest] treesʻêts [strong and firm]

Word
Listen & take awayEcclesiastes 2
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 5 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (Pe.ri) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Ecclesiastes 2:5quick helps
In a sentenceThe speaker reflects on personal achievements, specifically creating beautiful gardens and planting fruit trees.
Who is speakingThe speaker is the author of Ecclesiastes, reflecting on their own experiences.
Where we areThis verse is part of a larger reflection on the pursuits and accomplishments of life.
The hard wordגַּנּ֖וֹת
Take awayThe speaker emphasizes personal enjoyment and the beauty of creation.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbעָשָׂה The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Ecclesiastes 2:5

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Reflections on Life's Pursuitsgenerated

4I expanded my pursuits. I built houses and planted vineyards for myself.
5I made gardens and parks for myself, where I planted all kinds of fruit trees.
6I built reservoirs to water my groves of flourishing trees.
7I acquired menservants and maidservants, and servants were born in my house. I also owned more herds and flocks than anyone in Jerusalem before me,

Ecclesiastes 2:5 is part of a larger discourse where the author, often identified as Solomon, reflects on various pursuits and achievements in life. In this section, the speaker recounts the creation of gardens and parks, emphasizing personal enjoyment and the beauty found in nature. This theme resonates with the broader exploration of the meaning of life and the fulfillment found in earthly endeavors.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Song of Solomon 4:12–16
2Song of Solomon 5:1
3Song of Solomon 6:2
4Jeremiah 39:4When Zedekiah king of Judah and all the soldiers saw them, they fled. They left the city at night by way of the king’s garden, through the gate between the two walls, and they went out along the route to the Arabah.
5Genesis 2:8–9And the LORD God planted a garden in Eden, in the east, where He placed the man He had formed.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 6 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word עָשָׂה, 'a.Si.tigenerated

The verb עָשָׂה (asah) means to make or do, encompassing a wide range of actions from creating to performing tasks. It is a foundational verb in Hebrew, used over 2,600 times in the Bible, indicating its significance in various contexts.

In this verse, it highlights the speaker's active role in creating gardens and parks for personal pleasure. The perfect tense indicates a completed action, showing that these creations were established and enjoyed.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

All translations agree on the meaning of the verse, conveying the idea that the speaker made gardens and parks for personal enjoyment and planted fruit trees.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb עָשִׂ֣יתִי (I made) governs the entire sentence, with two noun phrases following it: גַּנּ֖וֹת (gardens) and וּפַרְדֵּסִ֑ים (parks). This structure emphasizes the speaker's active role in creation.

The second part of the sentence introduces another verb, וְנָטַ֥עְתִּי (and I planted), which connects the act of planting fruit trees to the previously mentioned gardens and parks, creating a cohesive narrative of the speaker's endeavors.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates עָשָׂה as ἐποίησά, which also means 'to make.' This choice aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning, indicating a direct correlation between the actions described in both texts.

The word גַּנּ֖וֹת is rendered as κήπους, which refers to gardens, maintaining the imagery of cultivated spaces.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Ecclesiastes 2:5 tells us that the speaker made gardens and parks for personal enjoyment, where they planted all kinds of fruit trees. This reflects a desire for beauty and pleasure in life, emphasizing the joy found in creation.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does the speaker mean by making gardens and parks?

The speaker is expressing a desire for beauty and enjoyment in life, creating spaces that reflect personal pleasure and fulfillment.

Why is planting fruit trees significant?

Planting fruit trees symbolizes productivity and the rewards of labor, representing the fruits of one's efforts in life.

How does this verse relate to the overall message of Ecclesiastes?

This verse illustrates the theme of seeking enjoyment and fulfillment in earthly pursuits, a recurring motif in Ecclesiastes that reflects on the meaning of life.

What can we learn from the speaker's actions?

We can learn the importance of creating beauty and finding joy in our surroundings, as well as the value of investing in our personal happiness.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What are some ways I can create beauty in my own life?
  2. How do I find joy in my daily activities?
  3. In what ways can I cultivate personal fulfillment through my pursuits?
  4. What significance do gardens and parks hold in my understanding of nature and creation?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Jerome comments on this verse, highlighting the speaker's creation of gardens and the treasures found within.

JeromeCommentary on Ecclesiastes c. 347–420
"I made for myself gardens and orchards and planted in them every kind of fruit tree. "In my treasure house are not only gold and silver dishes but even some that are made from wood and pottery.
Early Church Fathers on Ecclesiastes 2 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Ecclesiastes 2:5 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

I made me gardens and orchards,.... Of the king's garden, we read Jeremiah 39:4.

Read John Gill on Ecclesiastes 2 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

I sought in mine heart to give myself unto wine, yet acquainting mine heart with wisdom; and to lay hold on folly, till I might see what was that good for the sons of men, which they should do under

Read Robert Jamieson on Ecclesiastes 2 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

I made me gardens, Heb. paradises, or gardens of pleasure. I planted trees in them of all kind of fruits, mixing pleasure and profit together.

Read Matthew Poole on Ecclesiastes 2 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Ecclesiastes 2:5 I made me gardens and orchards, and I planted trees in them of all [kind of] fruits:Ver. 5. I made me gardens.] So called, because guarded and enclosed with a wall, like as we call garments quasi guardments, in an active acception of the word, because they guard our bodies from the injury of wind and weather. The Hebrew word âï, Gan, comes likewise from a word that signifieth to protect or guard; and there are those who give this for a reason why the Lord forbade the Jews to keep swine, because they are such enemies to gardens, whereof that country is very full. And orchards.] Heb., Paradises; famous for curious variety and excellence of all sorts of trees and foreign…

Read John Trapp on Ecclesiastes 2 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(5) Orchards.—Rather, parks. The word, which occurs also in Son 4:3, Nehemiah 2:8, is originally Persian, and passed into the Greek and into modern languages in the form of “paradise” (Luke 23:43; 2 Corinthians 12:4; and in LXX., Genesis 2:10; Genesis 13:10; Numbers 24:6; Isaiah 1:30; Sir 24:30; Susan. 5:4). Parks and trees giving, not only fruit, but shade from the hot Eastern sun, were an almost necessary part of kingly luxury. The king’s garden is spoken of in 1 Kings 21:2; 2 Kings 21:18; 2 Kings 25:4; Nehemiah 3:15.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Ecclesiastes 2 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 5. I made me gardens and orchards] פרדסים pardesim, "paradises." I doubt much whether this be an original Hebrew word. [Arabic] ferdoos, is found in the Persian and Arabic; and signifies a pleasant garden, a vineyard. Hence our word paradise, a place full of delights. How well Solomon was qualified to form gardens, orchards, vineyards, conservatories, c., may be at once conceived when we recollect his knowledge of natural history and that he wrote treatises on vegetables and their properties, from the cedar to the hyssop.

Read AdamClarke on Ecclesiastes 2 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

5. I made me gardens and orchards] The latter word, originally Persian, and found only in the O. T. in this book, in Song Son 4:13, and Nehemiah 2:8, is the “paradise” of Xenophon, of later Rabbinic writings and of the New Testament (Luke 23:43; 2 Corinthians 12:4). It indicates what we call a park, with flowing streams and shady groves and fruit trees, and deer feeding on the fresh green grass, and doves flitting through the trees, such as seemed to the Eastern imagination the fittest type of the highest blessedness. The whole scenery of the Song of Solomon is such a garden, planted with pomegranates and pleasant fruits, spikenards and camphire, calamus and cinnamon, and trees of…

Read Cambridge on Ecclesiastes 2 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Orchards - literally, “paradises,” i. e., parks or pleasure-grounds (compare Nehemiah 2:8 note).

Read Albert Barnes on Ecclesiastes 2 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

I made gardens and parks for myself, where I planted all kinds of fruit trees.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

I made myself gardens and parks, and I planted trees in them of all kinds of fruit.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

I made gardens and parks for myself, where I planted all kinds of fruit trees.

NETBNew English Translation2006

I designed royal gardens and parks for myself, and I planted all kinds of fruit trees in them.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

I made me gardens and orchards, and I planted trees in them of all kind of fruits:

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

I made me gardens and parks, and I planted trees in them of all kinds of fruit;

RVARevised Version, American1894

I made me gardens and parks, and I planted trees in them of all kinds of fruit:

NWBWebster's Bible1833

I made me gardens and orchards, and I planted trees in them of all kind of fruits:

GNVGeneva Bible1599

I haue made me gardens and orchards, and planted in them trees of all fruite.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

I made me gardens and parks, and I planted trees in them of every kind of fruit;

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

I made for me gardens and paradises, and I planted in them trees of every fruit.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

I made for myself gardens and paradises, and I planted in them trees of every fruit.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

I made myself gardens and orchards, and I planted therein trees of all kinds of fruit;

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

I built for myself gardens and parks; I planted all kinds of fruit trees in them.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

I made gardens, and orchards, and set them with trees of all kinds,

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

I made for myself gardens and parks, planting them with all kinds of fruit trees.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

I made myself gardens and fruit gardens, planting in them fruit-trees of all sorts.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseverbעָשִׂ֣יתִיI.madeprepositional phrase · prepositionalלִ֔forיmyselfnoun phrase · objectגַּנּ֖וֹתgardensוּandפַרְדֵּסִ֑יםparksוְandclauseverbנָטַ֥עְתִּיI.plantedprepositional phrase · prepositionalבָinהֶ֖םthemnoun phrase · objectעֵ֥ץtree[s]noun phraseכָּלof.everyפֶּֽרִיfruit

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

עָשִׂ֣יתִי לִ֔י גַּנּ֖וֹת וּפַרְדֵּסִ֑ים וְנָטַ֥עְתִּי בָהֶ֖ם עֵ֥ץ כָּל־ פֶּֽרִי׃ is preserved in both the Masoretic Text and the Septuagint, with all words matched. This consistency indicates a strong agreement between the two texts.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

עָשִׂ֣יתִי לִ֔י גַּנּ֖וֹת וּפַרְדֵּסִ֑ים וְנָטַ֥עְתִּי בָהֶ֖ם עֵ֥ץ כָּל־ פֶּֽרִי׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
עָשִׂ֣יתִיἐποίησάלִ֔יμοιגַּנּ֖וֹתκήπουςוּפַרְדֵּסִ֑יםπαραδείσουςוְנָטַ֥עְתִּיἐφύτευσαבָהֶ֖םαὐτοῖςעֵ֥ץχύλονכָּל־πᾶνפֶּֽרִי׃καρποῦ

9 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Ecclesiastes 2:5עָשָׂהI madeI madeעָשָׂהנִיfor myselffor myselfנִיגַּנָּהgardensgardensגַּנָּהפַּרְדֵּסand parksand parksפַּרְדֵּסנָטַעand I plantand I plantedנָטַעהֶםin themin themהֶםעֵץtree[s] oftree[s] ofעֵץכֹּלeveryeveryכֹּלפְּרִיfruitfruitפְּרִיעָצָהto shutto shutעָצָהכָּלַלto perfectto perfectכָּלַלפָּרָהbe fruitfube fruitfulפָּרָהגַּןgardengardenגַּןמְלָאכָהworkworkמְלָאכָהתּוֹעֵבַהabominatioabominationתּוֹעֵבַהנָטַעto plantto plantנָטַעפְּרִיfruitfruitפְּרִיאֲשֶׁרwhichwhichאֲשֶׁרכֶּרֶםvineyardvineyardכֶּרֶםהָרַסto overthrto overthrowהָרַסשִׁטָּהacaciaacaciaשִׁטָּהאֶ֫רֶזcedarcedarאֶ֫רֶזעֵדָהcongregaticongregationעֵדָהעֲבֹדָהserviceserviceעֲבֹדָהבֶּ֫טֶןbelly: abdbelly: abdomenבֶּ֫טֶן
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Ecclesiastes 2:5

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

I made for myself gardens and parks and I planted in them tree[s] of every fruit
עָשִׂ֣יתִי'a.Si.ti I made H6213 Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
2,629× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to make or do something, and is used over 2,600 times in the Bible. It is first used in Genesis 1:7 to describe God's creation of the world and is also used in Exodus 31:5 to describe the work of skilled craftsmen.
Amplified meaning
for my own pleasure, created
Tyndale gloss
to make
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עָשָׂה (asah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to do or make, encompassing a wide range of actions such as producing, preparing, and observing. It can refer to both concrete and abstract activities, including making offerings and attending to tasks. The verb also has forms indicating passive meanings, such as being made or offered. Notably, the Piel form refers to pressing or squeezing.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָשָׂה 2622 vb. do, make

Qal 2524

do (1560 t.)

deal with

oft. in phr. do kindness with

abs. act, act with effect

make (670 t.)

produce, yield

prepare, esp. of dressing and cooking food

make offering

attend to, put in order

observe, celebrate, religious festival

acquire property of various kinds

appoint priests

bring about of י׳’s effecting a deliverance

use

spend, pass, days of life

Niph.

97be done

be made, of concr. things

be produced from vine

be prepared, of food

be offered

be observed, passover

be used

Pu. I was made

base

[עָשָׂה] vb. Pi. press, squeeze

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6213a עָשָׂה do, make .. . do (1560 + t.)

. deal with

. oft. in phr. do kindness with

. abs. act, act with effect

. . make (670 + t.)

. produce, yield

. prepare, esp. of dressing and cooking food

. make offering

. attend to, put in order

. observe, celebrate, religious festival

. acquire property of various kinds

. appoint priests

. bring about of י׳’s effecting a deliverance

. use

. spend, pass, days of life

. . be done

. . be made, of concr. things

. be produced from vine

. be prepared, of food

. be offered

. be observed, passover

. be used

. I was made

H6213b עָשָׂה Pi. press, squeeze

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6213 `asah aw-saw'

a primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and

widest application (as follows):--accomplish, advance,

appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth,

bruise, be busy, X certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal

(with), deck, + displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in)

execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, + feast, (fight-)ing man, +

finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go

about, govern, grant, great, + hinder, hold ((a feast)), X

indeed, + be industrious, + journey, keep, labour, maintain,

make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, + officer, pare,

bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure,

provide, put, requite, X sacrifice, serve, set, shew, X sin,

spend, X surely, take, X thoroughly, trim, X very, + vex, be

(warr-)ior, work(-man), yield, use.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to make: do.

: do/perform

1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to do, work, make, produce

1a1a) to do

1a1b) to work

1a1c) to deal (with)

1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect

1a2) to make

1a2a) to make

1a2b) to produce

1a2c) to prepare

1a2d) to make (an offering)

1a2e) to attend to, put in order

1a2f) to observe, celebrate

1a2g) to acquire (property)

1a2h) to appoint, ordain, institute

1a2i) to bring about

1a2j) to use

1a2k) to spend, pass

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be done

1b2) to be made

1b3) to be produced

1b4) to be offered

1b5) to be observed

1b6) to be used

1c) (Pual) to be made

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to press.

(Piel) to press, squeeze

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to make.

: make(OBJECT)

1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to do, work, make, produce

1a1a) to do

1a1b) to work

1a1c) to deal (with)

1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect

1a2) to make

1a2a) to make

1a2b) to produce

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-1cs — Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
HVqp1cs
I made for myself gardens and parks and I planted in them tree[s] of every fruit
לִ֔יLi for myself H9030 Preposition · suffix
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נִי (ni) — me.

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 1st person singular

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HRd/Sp1bs — Preposition · suffix
HRd/Sp1bs
I made for myself gardens and parks and I planted in them tree[s] of every fruit
גַּנּ֖וֹתga.Not gardens H1593 Noun common · feminine plural absolute
12× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A garden is a place where plants and trees are grown, like the Garden of Eden in the book of Genesis. This word is used to describe a beautiful and peaceful place. It appears in the Bible as a symbol of paradise.
Amplified meaning
and orchards, paradise-like
Tyndale gloss
garden
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גַּנָּה (gannah) is a feminine noun meaning 'garden' or 'orchard.' It is derived from the root word for 'garden' (גַּן, gan). The entries consistently describe it as a place for growing plants, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גַּנָּה n.f. garden (cf. foregoing [גַּן])—garden, orchard

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1593 גַּנָּה, גִּנָּה garden (cf. foregoing [גַּן])—garden, orchard

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1593 gannah gan-naw'

feminine of 1588; a garden:--garden.

see HEBREW for 01588

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גַּנָּה (gan.nah) — garden.

garden, orchard

Also means: gin.nah (גִּנָּה "garden" H1594)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fp — Noun common · feminine plural absolute
HNcfpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Gardens

Mentioned in Scripture, of Eden (Gen. 2:8, 9); Ahab’s garden of herbs (1 Kings 21:2); the royal garden (2 Kings 21:18); the royal garden at Susa (Esther 1:5); the garden of Joseph of Arimathea (John 19:41); of Gethsemane (John 18:1).

The “king’s garden” mentioned 2 Kings 25:4, Neh. 3:15, was near the Pool of Siloam.

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

Are often mentioned in Scripture, though in a sense somewhat peculiar; for in the language of the Hebrews, every place where plants and trees were cultivated with greater care than in the open field, was called a garden. Fruit and shade trees, with aromatic shrubs, sometimes constituted the garden; though roses, lilies, and various gardens were used only for table vegetables, Ge 2:8-10 15:1-21 1Ki 21:2 Ec 2:5,6. They were located if possible beside a river or fountain, Ge 13:10 Nu 24:6. In other places reservoirs were provided, from which the water was distributed in various ways, as occasion required,

- Often made by the banks of rivers

Nu 24:6

- KINDS OF, MENTIONED IN SCRIPTURE

. Herbs

De 11:10; 1Ki 21:2

. Cucumbers

Isa 1:8

. Fruit trees

Ec 2:5,6

. Spices, &c

So 4:16; 6:2

- Often enclosed

So 4:12

- Often refreshed by fountains

So 4:15

- Taken care of by gardeners

Joh 20:15

- Lodges erected in

Isa 1:8

- OFTEN USED FOR

. Entertainments

I made for myself gardens and parks and I planted in them tree[s] of every fruit
וּפַרְדֵּסִ֑יםu.far.de.Sim and parks H6508 Conjunction · noun common masculine plural absolute
3× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A park or enclosed garden, like the Garden of Eden described in Genesis. It can also refer to a forest or orchard, as seen in the story of the garden where Adam and Eve lived. These areas were often reserved for royalty or the wealthy.
Amplified meaning
enclosed gardens, forests
Tyndale gloss
park
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

פַּרְדֵּס (pardec) refers to a park or preserve, encompassing meanings like forest and orchard. It is noted to have foreign origins, indicating its adoption into Hebrew. The entries consistently highlight its association with enclosed gardens and natural spaces.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פַּרְדֵּס n.[m.] preserve, park

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6508 פַּרְדֵּס

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6508 pardec par-dace'

of foreign origin; a park:--forest, orchard.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פַּרְדֵּס (par.des) — park.

park, preserve, enclosed garden, forest

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-mp — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural absolute
HC/Ncmpa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
I made for myself gardens and parks and I planted in them tree[s] of every fruit
וְנָטַ֥עְתִּיve.na.Ta'.ti and I planted H5193 Verb · Qal · sequential perfect first person common singular
58× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To plant or establish something, like in Genesis 2:8 where God planted a garden in Eden. It can also mean to fix or fasten something in place.
Amplified meaning
established, fixed
Tyndale gloss
to plant
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָטַע (nata`) is a Hebrew verb meaning to plant or establish. It can refer to planting in a literal sense or establishing something figuratively. The verb appears in both the Qal and Niphal forms, indicating actions of planting and being established, respectively.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נָטַע vb. plant

Qal

plant

plant, fig. = establish

Niph. be planted, fig., = be established.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5193 נָטַע plant

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5193 nata` naw-tah'

a primitive root; properly, to strike in, i.e. fix;

specifically, to plant (literally or

figuratively):--fastened, plant(- er).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָטַע (na.ta) — to plant.

1) to plant, fasten, fix, establish

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to plant

1a2) to plant, establish (fig.)

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be planted

1b2) to be established (fig.)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-Perf-1cs — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect first person common singular
Hc/Vqq1cs
I made for myself gardens and parks and I planted in them tree[s] of every fruit
בָהֶ֖םva.Hem in them H9038 Preposition · suffix
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הֶם (hem) — them.

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine plural

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HRd/Sp3mp — Preposition · suffix
HRd/Sp3mp
I made for myself gardens and parks and I planted in them tree[s] of every fruit
עֵ֥ץ'etz tree[s] of H6086 Noun common · masculine singular construct
330× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word for tree or wood refers to a strong and firm object, like a tree or a wooden plank, as seen in the carpentry work of Jesus' earthly father Joseph in Matthew 13:55.
Amplified meaning
strong and firm
Tyndale gloss
tree: wood
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עֵץ (ets) refers to a tree or wood, encompassing various forms such as timber, sticks, and planks. It can denote both singular and plural trees, as well as specific uses like gallows and firewood. The word is derived from a root meaning firmness, indicating its solid nature.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עֵץ 329 n.m. tree, trees, wood

(c. 150 t.)

a standing tree

coll. trees

(c. 175 t.; c. 120 t. pl., to denote pieces [or articles] of wood)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6086 עֵץ tree, trees, wood . (c. 150 t.) . a standing tree

. coll. trees

. (c. 175 t.; c. 120 t. pl., to denote pieces [or articles] of wood)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6086 `ets ates

from 6095; a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural

sticks):--+ carpenter, gallows, helve, + pine, plank, staff,

stalk, stick, stock, timber, tree, wood.

see HEBREW for 06095

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עֵץ (ets) — tree: wood.

: wood

1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows

1a) tree, trees

1b) wood, pieces of wood, gallows, firewood, cedar-wood, woody flax

עֵץ (ets) — tree.

: tree

1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows

1a) tree, trees

1b) wood, pieces of wood, gallows, firewood, cedar-wood, woody flax

עֵץ (ets) — tree: stick.

: stick/log

1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows

1a) tree, trees

1b) wood, pieces of wood, gallows, firewood, cedar-wood, woody flax

עֵץ (ets) — tree: stake.

: stake/shaft

1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows

1a) tree, trees

1b) wood, pieces of wood, gallows, firewood, cedar-wood, woody flax

עֵץ (ets) — tree: carpenter.

: carpenter/wood(worker)

1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows

1a) tree, trees

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

I made for myself gardens and parks and I planted in them tree[s] of every fruit
כָּל־kol- every H3605 Noun common · masculine singular construct
5,415× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Amplified meaning
every sort, variety
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all

with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

Absolutely:

without the art., all things, all

with the art. הַכֹּל

where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all

. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3605 kol kole

or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;

hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a

plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any

(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as

many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,

whoso(-ever).

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, the whole

1a) all, the whole of

1b) any, each, every, anything

1c) totality, everything

Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
I made for myself gardens and parks and I planted in them tree[s] of every fruit
פֶּֽרִי׃Pe.ri fruit H6529 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
119× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means the fruit that comes from the ground or from our actions. It is used in many books, including Genesis and Isaiah, to describe the results of our labor or the consequences of our choices.
Amplified meaning
the produce, harvest
Tyndale gloss
fruit
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

פְּרִי (priy) means 'fruit' and encompasses various meanings, including the literal fruit of the ground, offspring or children, and figurative fruit representing the consequences of actions. It is derived from a root that emphasizes the concept of produce or reward.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פְּרִי 119 n.m. fruit

fruit of the ground, of produce in gen.

= offspring, fruit of womb

fig. of fruit of actions, i.e. their consequences

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6529 פְּרִי fruit . fruit of the ground, of produce in gen.

. = offspring, fruit of womb

. fig. of fruit of actions, i.e. their consequences

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6529 priy per-ee'

from 6509; fruit (literally or figuratively):--bough,

((first-)) fruit((-ful)), reward.

see HEBREW for 06509

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פְּרִי (pe.ri) — fruit.

1) fruit

1a) fruit, produce (of the ground)

1b) fruit, offspring, children, progeny (of the womb)

1c) fruit (of actions) (fig.)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

froot.

See FOOD; BOTANY, and special articles on APPLE; FIG; VINE, etc.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Fruit

A word as used in Scripture denoting produce in general, whether vegetable or animal. The Hebrews divided the fruits of the land into three classes:,

(1.) The fruit of the field, “corn-fruit” (Heb. dagan); all kinds of grain and pulse.

(2.) The fruit of the vine, “vintage-fruit” (Heb. tirosh); grapes, whether moist or dried.

(3.) “Orchard-fruits” (Heb. yitshar), as dates, figs, citrons, etc.

Injunctions concerning offerings and tithes were expressed by these Hebrew terms alone (Num. 18:12; Deut. 14:23). This word “fruit” is also used of children or offspring (Gen. 30:2; Deut. 7:13; Luke 1:42;

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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