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Ezekiel 39:19 — Word Study

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WLCוַאֲכַלְתֶּם־ חֵ֣לֶב לְשָׂבְעָ֔ה וּשְׁתִ֥יתֶם דָּ֖ם לְשִׁכָּר֑וֹן מִזִּבְחִ֖י אֲשֶׁר־ זָבַ֥חְתִּי לָכֶֽם׃

BSAAt the sacrificezebach [my offering, which I have prepared for you] I am preparingzâbach you will eatʼâkal fatcheleb [the richest part, choicest portion] until you are gorgedsobʻâh [full, satisfied] and drinkshâthâh blooddâm [the liquid that flows through the body] until you are drunkshikkârôwn [intoxicated, overwhelmed]

Word
Listen & take awayEzekiel 39
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 19 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (la.Khem) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Ezekiel 39:19quick helps
In a sentenceThis verse describes a divine feast where the people will consume the choicest parts of the sacrifice.
Who is speakingThe Lord God is declaring the nature of the sacrifice and the consumption that will follow.
Where we areThis verse is part of a prophecy concerning judgment and restoration for Israel.
The hard wordחֵ֣לֶב
Take awayThe imagery of feasting signifies abundance and satisfaction from God's provision.
6 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbאָכַל The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Ezekiel 39:19

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Prophecy of Ezekielgenerated

18You will eat the flesh of the mighty and drink the blood of the princes of the earth as though they were rams, lambs, goats, and bulls—all the fattened animals of Bashan.
19At the sacrifice I am preparing, you will eat fat until you are gorged and drink blood until you are drunk.
20And at My table you will eat your fill of horses and riders, of mighty men and warriors of every kind,’ declares the Lord GOD.
21I will display My glory among the nations, and all the nations will see the judgment that I execute and the hand that I lay upon them.

Ezekiel 39:19 describes a future event where the Lord prepares a sacrifice for His people, symbolizing His provision and the fulfillment of His promises. The context involves a vivid portrayal of divine judgment and the subsequent restoration of Israel, emphasizing the abundance that will follow God's intervention, as seen in the surrounding verses.


Cross References


The Key Word אָכַל, va.'a.khal.tem-generated

The verb אָכַל (akal) means 'to eat' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, from literal consumption to figurative uses like devouring or destruction. It is a common verb used throughout the Hebrew Bible, indicating actions related to nourishment and satisfaction.

In this verse, the use of אָכַל emphasizes the act of eating as part of a sacrificial feast, where the people will partake in the richest portions of the offering, highlighting the abundance provided by God.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb is אֲכַלְתֶּם, you will eat, which governs the actions of eating and drinking that follow. The structure emphasizes the sequential actions of consuming both fat and blood, indicating a complete indulgence in the sacrifice provided.

The verse is constructed with a series of phrases that detail the actions and the objects involved: eating fat until gorged and drinking blood until drunk, illustrating the abundance and satisfaction of the feast.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates אָכַל as φάγεσθε, indicating a direct equivalence in meaning, emphasizing the act of eating. This choice reflects a straightforward rendering of the Hebrew verb without any additional interpretive nuance.

The Greek term στέαρ for חֵ֣לֶב also aligns closely with the Hebrew, maintaining the focus on the rich and fatty portions of the sacrifice, suggesting a similar understanding of abundance.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Ezekiel 39:19 describes a future event where the people will eat the best parts of a sacrifice and drink blood until they are drunk. This imagery signifies God's provision and abundance during a time of restoration for Israel, emphasizing the richness of what He offers.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does the sacrifice represent in this verse?

The sacrifice represents God's provision for His people, symbolizing abundance and the fulfillment of His promises.

Why is there an emphasis on eating fat and drinking blood?

Eating fat and drinking blood emphasizes the richness of the sacrifice and the satisfaction that comes from partaking in God's blessings.

What does it mean to be gorged and drunk in this context?

Being gorged and drunk indicates a complete satisfaction and indulgence in the provisions God has prepared for His people.

How does this verse connect to the theme of restoration in Ezekiel?

This verse connects to the theme of restoration by illustrating how God will provide abundantly for His people after a time of judgment.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways have I experienced God's provision in my life?
  2. How can I cultivate a sense of satisfaction with what God provides?
  3. What does it mean for me to partake in the richness of God's blessings?
  4. How can I share the abundance I have received with others?

Commentators on this verse — 6 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Ezekiel 39:19 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

And ye shall eat fat till ye be full,.... The fat of men; and such as before described generally are fat, and of which they shall have enough; and, though voracious creatures, shall eat to satiety:

Read John Gill on Ezekiel 39 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

And ye shall eat fat till ye be full, and drink blood till ye be drunken, of my sacrifice which I have sacrificed for you. No JFB commentary on this verse.

Read Robert Jamieson on Ezekiel 39 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Eat fat; accounted best, and which shall here be plentiful. Till ye be full; none should fray them away, nor should any devour so much as to leave others hungry. My sacrifice: see .

Read Matthew Poole on Ezekiel 39 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Ezekiel 39:19 And ye shall eat fat till ye be full, and drink blood till ye be drunken, of my sacrifice which I have sacrificed for you.Ver. 19. Of my sacrifice.] Or, Of my good cheer. So God calleth it, to show how well pleased he is with the destruction of his Church’ s enemies.

Read John Trapp on Ezekiel 39 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 19. And ye shall eat fat - and drink blood] Who shall eat and drink, c.? Not the Jews: though Voltaire says they ate human flesh, and are invited here by the prophet to eat the flesh and drink the blood of their enemies which is a most unprincipled falsehood. It is the fowls and the beasts that God invites, Ezekiel 39:17: "Speak to every feathered fowl, and to every beast of the field, assemble yourselves-that ye may eat flesh and drink blood;" nor are the persons altered in all these verses, Ezekiel 39:17-20: so the assertion of Voltaire is either through brutish ignorance or Satanic malice.

Read AdamClarke on Ezekiel 39 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

17-20. “Among the Semites the law of the sacrificial feast was open-handed hospitality; no sacrifice was complete without guests, and portions were freely distributed to rich and poor within the

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Ezekiel 39 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

At the sacrifice I am preparing, you will eat fat until you are gorged and drink blood until you are drunk.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

You shall eat fat until you are full, and drink blood until you are drunk, of my sacrifice which I have sacrificed for you.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

At the sacrifice I am preparing, you will eat fat until you are gorged and drink blood until you are drunk.

NETBNew English Translation2006

You will eat fat until you are full, and drink blood until you are drunk, at my slaughter which I have made for you.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

And ye shall eat fat till ye be full, and drink blood till ye be drunken, of my sacrifice which I have sacrificed for you.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

And ye shall eat fat till ye be full, and drink blood till ye be drunken, of my sacrifice which I have sacrificed for you.

RVARevised Version, American1894

And ye shall eat fat till ye be full, and drink blood till ye be drunken, of my sacrifice which I have sacrificed for you.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

And ye shall eat fat till ye are full, and drink blood till ye are drunken, of my sacrifice which I have sacrificed for you.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

And ye shall eate fat till you be full, and drinke blood, till ye be drunken of my sacrifice, which I haue sacrificed for you.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

And ye shall eat fat till ye are full, and drink blood till ye are drunken, of my sacrifice which I sacrifice for you.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And ye have eaten fat to satiety, And ye have drunk blood — to drunkenness, Of My sacrifice that I sacrificed for you.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And you have eaten fat to satiety, || And you have drunk blood—to drunkenness, || Of My sacrifice that I sacrificed for you.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

And ye shall eat fat till ye be sated, and ye shall drink blood till ye be drunken, from my sacrifice which I have slaughtered for you.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Then you will eat fat to your satisfaction; you will drink blood until drunkenness; this will be the sacrifice that I will slaughter for you.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

And you shall eat the fat till you be full, and shall drink blood till you be drunk of the victim which I shall slay for you.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

You will eat fat until you are totally full and drink blood until you are drunk at the sacrifice I'm going to prepare.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

You will go on feasting on the fat till you are full, and drinking the blood till you are overcome with it, of my offering which I have put to death for you.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וַandclauseverbאֲכַלְתֶּםyou.will.eatobjectחֵ֣לֶבfatprepositional phrase · prepositionalלְtoשָׂבְעָ֔הsatietyוּandclauseverbשְׁתִ֥יתֶםyou.will.drinkobjectדָּ֖םbloodprepositional phrase · prepositionalלְtoשִׁכָּר֑וֹןdrunkennessprepositional phrase · prepositionalמִfromnoun phrasenoun phraseזִּבְחִ֖sacrificeיmyrelpאֲשֶׁרwhichclauseverbזָבַ֥חְתִּיI.have.sacrificedprepositional phrase · prepositionalלָforכֶֽםyou

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

Both the Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of this verse, with the Septuagint providing a direct translation of the Hebrew terms without significant alteration to their meaning.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וַאֲכַלְתֶּם־ חֵ֣לֶב לְשָׂבְעָ֔ה וּשְׁתִ֥יתֶם דָּ֖ם לְשִׁכָּר֑וֹן מִזִּבְחִ֖י אֲשֶׁר־ זָבַ֥חְתִּי לָכֶֽם׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וַאֲכַלְתֶּם־φάγεσθεחֵ֣לֶבστέαρלְשָׂבְעָ֔הπλησμονὴνוּשְׁתִ֥יתֶםπίεσθεדָּ֖םαἷμαלְשִׁכָּר֑וֹןμέθηνמִזִּבְחִ֖יμουאֲשֶׁר־ἧςזָבַ֥חְתִּיἔθυσαלָכֶֽם׃ὑμῖν

10 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Ezekiel 39:19אָכַלand you wiland you will eaאָכַלחֵ֫לֶבfatfatחֵ֫לֶבשׇׂבְעָהto satietyto satietyשׇׂבְעָהשָׁתָהand you wiland you will drשָׁתָהדָּםbloodbloodדָּםשִׁכָּרוֹןto drunkennto drunkennessשִׁכָּרוֹןזֶ֫בַחfrom sacriffrom sacrifice זֶ֫בַחאֲשֶׁרwhichwhichאֲשֶׁרזָבַחI have sacrI have sacrificזָבַחכֶםfor youfor youכֶםזָבַחto sacrifito sacrificeזָבַחדָּמַםto silenceto silence: staדָּמַםשָׁכַרbe drunkbe drunkשָׁכַרשֹׂ֫בַעsatietysatietyשֹׂ֫בַעשָׁקָהto water: to water: waterשָׁקָהשָׁתָהto drinkto drinkשָׁתָהשֶׁ֫לֶםpeace offepeace offeringשֶׁ֫לֶםלֶ֫חֶםfoodfoodלֶ֫חֶםכִּלְיָהkidneykidneyכִּלְיָהקָטַרto offer: to offer: burnקָטַראָכַלto eatto eatאָכַלשֵׁכָרstrong dristrong drinkשֵׁכָריַ֫יִןwinewineיַ֫יִןזָרַקto scatterto scatterזָרַקנָקִיinnocentinnocentנָקִיצָוָהto commandto commandצָוָהזֶ֫בַחsacrificesacrificeזֶ֫בַח
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Ezekiel 39:19

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and you will eat fat to satiety and you will drink blood to drunkenness from sacrifice my which I have sacrificed for you
וַאֲכַלְתֶּם־va.'a.khal.tem- and you will eat H398 Verb · Qal · sequential perfect second person masculine plural
810× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means to eat or devour, and it's used in many stories, including when Jesus fed the 5000 with fish and bread in the book of Matthew. It's about taking in nourishment and being satisfied.
Tyndale gloss
to eat
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָכַל (akal) means 'to eat' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including literal consumption by humans and animals, as well as figurative uses like devouring by fire or destruction. It can describe actions such as feeding or causing to eat, and it also appears in contexts of oppression and destruction. The verb has various forms, indicating different subjects and nuances.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָכַל 806 vb. eat

Qal

eat, human subject

of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour

fig. of fire, devour, consume

of sword, devour, slay

in genl., devour, consume, destroy

fig. of oppression, devour the poor

Niph.

be eaten by man

be devoured by fire, consumed

be wasted, destroyed, of flesh

Pu. be consumed

Hiph.

cause to eat, feed with

cause to devoure, obj. sword

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H398 אָכַל eat .. eat, human subject

. of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour

. fig. of fire, devour, consume

. of sword, devour, slay

. in genl., devour, consume, destroy

. fig. of oppression, devour the poor

. . be eaten by man

. be devoured by fire, consumed

. be wasted, destroyed, of flesh

. be consumed

. . cause to eat, feed with

. cause to devoure, obj. sword

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

398 'akal aw-kal'

a primitive root; to eat (literally or figuratively):--X at

all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up),

feed (with), food, X freely, X in...wise(-deed, plenty), (lay)

meat, X quite.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָכַל (a.khal) — to eat.

1) to eat, devour, burn up, feed

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to eat (human subject)

1a2) to eat, devour (of beasts and birds)

1a3) to devour, consume (of fire)

1a4) to devour, slay (of sword)

1a5) to devour, consume, destroy (inanimate subjects - ie, pestilence, drought)

1a6) to devour (of oppression)

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be eaten (by men)

1b2) to be devoured, consumed (of fire)

1b3) to be wasted, destroyed (of flesh)

1c) (Pual)

1c1) to cause to eat, feed with

1c2) to cause to devour

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to feed

1d2) to cause to eat

1e) (Piel)

1e1) consume

Aramaic equivalent: a.khal (אֲכַל "to devour" H0399)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-2mp — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect second person masculine plural
Hc/Vqq2mp
and you will eat fat to satiety and you will drink blood to drunkenness from sacrifice my which I have sacrificed for you
חֵ֣לֶבChe.lev fat H2459 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
92× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, cheleb refers to fat, whether literal or figurative, representing the richest or best part of something. It can describe the choicest products of the land or the best of human or animal fat. This term is used to convey abundance and richness.
Amplified meaning
the richest part, choicest portion
Tyndale gloss
fat
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חֵ֫לֶב (cheleb) means fat, referring to both human and animal fat, as well as the choicest parts of agricultural products. It conveys the idea of richness or abundance, highlighting the best or finest portions. The entries consistently emphasize its literal and figurative uses, but do not provide specific verse references.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חֵ֫לֶב n.m. fat

fat of human body

fat of beasts

choicest, best part of products of land

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2459 חֵ֫לֶב fat . fat of human body

. fat of beasts

. choicest, best part of products of land

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2459 cheleb kheh'-leb

or cheleb {khay'-leb}; from an unused root meaning to be fat;

fat, whether literally or figuratively; hence, the richest or

choice part:--X best, fat(-ness), X finest, grease, marrow.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חֵ֫לֶב (che.lev) — fat.

1) fat

1a) fat (of humans)

1b) fat (of beasts)

1c) choicest, best part, abundance (of products of the land)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

(chelebh, chelebh): The layer of subcutaneous fat and the compact suet surrounding the viscera and imbedded in the entrails, which, like the blood, was forbidden as food in the Mosaic code (Le 3:17). It was to be sacrificed to God by being burnt upon the altar (Le 3:16; 30). This had to be done on the very day on which a beast had been slaughtered, to remove temptation from the Israelite to use it otherwise (Ex 23:18). The law was probably a sanitary restriction, for, at an early date, leprosy, scrofula and disfiguring cutaneous diseases were thought to be caused by the use of fat as food. It was, moreover, an important pedagogical provision teaching the idea of self-denial, and the maxim that the richest and best meat of the…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Fat

(Heb. heleb) denotes the richest part of the animal, or the fattest of the flock, in the account of Abel’s sacrifice (Gen. 4:4). It sometimes denotes the best of any production (Gen. 45:18; Num. 18:12; Ps. 81:16; 147:47). The fat of sacrifices was to be burned (Lev. 3:9-11; 4:8; 7:3; 8:25; Num. 18:17. Comp. Ex. 29:13-22; Lev. 3:3-5).

It is used figuratively for a dull, stupid state of mind (Ps 17:10).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

i.e. VAT, the word employed in the Authorized Version to translate the Hebrew term yekeb , in (Joel 2:24; 3:13) The word commonly used for yekeb is "winepress" or "winefat," and once "pressfat." (Haggai 2:16) The "vats" appear to have been excavated out of the native rock of the hills on which the vineyards lay.

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

The fat portions of animals offered in sacrifice were always to be consumed, as being the choice part and especially sacred to the Lord. The blood was also sacred, as containing the life of the animal. The Jews were forbidden to eat either, Le 3:16,17; 7:23-27.

and you will eat fat to satiety and you will drink blood to drunkenness from sacrifice my which I have sacrificed for you
לְשָׂבְעָ֔הle.sa.ve.'Ah to satiety H7654 Preposition · noun common feminine singular absolute
6× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Satiety refers to the feeling of being full or satisfied, having enough of something. It can also describe something that is never satisfied.
Amplified meaning
full, satisfied
Tyndale gloss
satiety
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שְׂבָעָה (sob'ah) refers to the concept of satiety or satisfaction, indicating a state of having enough or being full. It is a feminine noun derived from a related root, and its meanings include being un-satiable or sufficiently satisfied. The entries consistently focus on this notion without significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שׇׂבְעָה, [שִׂבְעָה] n.f. satiety

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7654 שׇׂבְעָה, [שִׂבְעָה] satiety

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7654 sob`ah sob-aw'

feminine of 7648; satiety:--(to have) enough, X till...be

full, (un-)satiable, satisfy, X sufficiently.

see HEBREW for 07648

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שׇׂבְעָה (sov.ah) — satiety.

satisfaction, satiety, one's fill

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular absolute
HR/Ncfsa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and you will eat fat to satiety and you will drink blood to drunkenness from sacrifice my which I have sacrificed for you
וּשְׁתִ֥יתֶםu.she.Ti.tem and you will drink H8354 Verb · Qal · sequential perfect second person masculine plural
217× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to drink, and it's used in many ways, like drinking from a cup or feasting. It's also used to describe being drunk or taking part in a big celebration. We see it in stories like the Last Supper in Matthew 26:27.
Tyndale gloss
to drink
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁתָה (shathah) means 'to drink' and can refer to both literal drinking and figurative uses, such as feasting or experiencing God's wrath. It is a primitive root that appears in various forms, including Qal and Niphal, indicating actions like drinking and being drunk. The lexicons note its connection to the Aramaic equivalent שְׁתָה (she.tah), but do not present significant disagreements.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁתָה 217 vb. drink

Qal 216

Niph. all which is (may be) drunk

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8354 שָׁתָה drink

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8354 shathah shaw-thaw'

a primitive root; to imbibe (literally or figuratively):--X

assuredly, banquet, X certainly, drink(-er, -ing), drunk

(X -ard), surely. (Prop. intensive of 8248.)

see HEBREW for 08248

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁתָה (sha.tah) — to drink.

1) to drink

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to drink

1a1a) of drinking cup of God's wrath, of slaughter, of wicked deeds (fig)

1a2) to feast

1b) (Niphal) to be drunk

Aramaic equivalent: she.tah (שְׁתָה "to drink" H8355)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-2mp — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect second person masculine plural
Hc/Vqq2mp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

See FOOD; DRINK, STRONG.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Drink

The drinks of the Hebrews were water, wine, “strong drink,” and vinegar. Their drinking vessels were the cup, goblet or “basin,” the “cruse” or pitcher, and the saucer.

To drink water by measure (Ezek. 4:11), and to buy water to drink (Lam. 5:4), denote great scarcity. To drink blood means to be satiated with slaughter.

The Jews carefully strained their drinks through a sieve, through fear of violating the law of Lev. 11:20, 23, 41, 42. (See Matt. 23:24. “Strain at” should be “strain out.”)

Nave's Topical Bible

→ INTOXICATING

See ABSTINENCE, TOTAL

→ See DRUNKARD

→ See DRUNKENNESS

→ See WINE

and you will eat fat to satiety and you will drink blood to drunkenness from sacrifice my which I have sacrificed for you
דָּ֖םdam blood H1818 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
360× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Blood refers to the liquid that flows through the body, essential for life. In the Bible, blood is often used to symbolize life, guilt, or sacrifice, as seen in the story of Jesus' crucifixion.
Amplified meaning
the liquid that flows through the body
Tyndale gloss
blood
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

דָּם (dam) means 'blood' and refers to the blood of both humans and animals. It is often associated with death, particularly when shed, and can also figuratively denote the juice of grapes or bloodshed. The term carries religious significance and is used in various contexts, including references to guilt and innocence.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

דָּם 300 n.m. blood

blood of man or animal

usually blood become visible

blood used with religious significance

fig. of wine

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1818 דָּם blood

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1818 dam dawm

from 1826 (compare 119); blood (as that which when shed

causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of

the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshed

(i.e. drops of blood):--blood(-y, -guiltiness, (-thirsty), +

innocent.

see HEBREW for 01826

see HEBREW for 0119

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

דָּם (dam) — blood.

1) blood

1a) of wine (fig.)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

blud (dam, probably from 'adham "to be red"; haima): Used in the Old Testament to designate the life principle in either animal or vegetable, as the blood of man or the juice of the grape (Le 17:11, et al.); in the New Testament for the blood of an animal, the atoning blood of Christ, and in both Old Testament and New Testament in a figurative sense for bloodshed or murder (Ge 37:26; Ho 4:2; Re 16:6).

1. Primitive Ideas:

Although the real function of the blood in the human system was not fully known until the fact of its circulation was established by William Harvey in 1615, nevertheless from the earliest times a singular mystery has been attached to it by all peoples. Blood…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Blood

(1.) As food, prohibited in Gen. 9:4, where the use of animal food is first allowed. Comp. Deut. 12:23; Lev. 3:17; 7:26; 17:10-14. The injunction to abstain from blood is renewed in the decree of the council of Jerusalem (Acts 15:29). It has been held by some, and we think correctly, that this law of prohibition was only ceremonial and temporary; while others regard it as still binding on all. Blood was eaten by the Israelites after the battle of Gilboa (1 Sam. 14:32-34).

(2.) The blood of sacrifices was caught by the priest in a basin, and then sprinkled seven times on the altar; that of the passover on the…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

To blood is ascribed in Scripture the mysterious sacredness which belongs to life, and God reserved it to himself when allowing man the dominion over and the use of the lower animals for food. Thus reserved, it acquires a double power: (1) that of sacrificial atonement; and (2) that of becoming a curse when wantonly shed, unless duly expiated. (Genesis 9:4; Leviticus 7:26; 17:11-13)

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

The life of all animals was regarded as especially in the blood, which was a sacred and essential part of the sacrifices offered to God, Heb 9:22. It was solemnly sprinkled upon the altar and the mercy seat, "for it is the blood that maketh atonement for the soul," Le 17:1-16 the life of the victim for the life of the sinner. It was therefore most sacredly associated with the blood of the Lamb of God which "cleanseth us from all sin," Eph 1:7 1Jo 1:7. Hence the strict prohibition renewed in Ac 15:29. In direct opposition to this are the heathen customs of drinking the blood of animals and even of men- of eating raw flesh, with the blood, and even fresh cut from the living…

and you will eat fat to satiety and you will drink blood to drunkenness from sacrifice my which I have sacrificed for you
לְשִׁכָּר֑וֹןle.shi.ka.Ron to drunkenness H7943 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
3× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Shikkarown means drunkenness or intoxication, describing a state of being drunk. This word is used in the Bible to warn against excessive drinking, as seen in Proverbs 23:29-30.
Amplified meaning
intoxicated, overwhelmed
Tyndale gloss
drunkenness
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שִׁכָּרוֹן (shikkarown) refers to intoxication or drunkenness, derived from the root word for drunkenness itself. The term is primarily used in the context of being drunk, as noted in the entries, but there are no specific verse references provided.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שִׁכָּרוֹן n.[m.] drunkenness

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7943 שִׁכָּרוֹן

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7943 shikkarown shik-kaw-rone'

from 7937; intoxication:--(be) drunken(-ness).

see HEBREW for 07937

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שִׁכָּרוֹן (shik.ka.ron) — drunkenness.

drunkenness

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HR/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

I. Its Prevalance.

The Bible affords ample proof that excessive drinking of intoxicants was a common vice among the Hebrews, as among other ancient peoples. This is evident not only from individual cases of intoxication, as Noah (Ge 9:21), Lot (Ge 19:33,15), Nabal (1Sa 25:36), Uriah made drunk by David (2Sa 11:13), Amnon (2Sa 13:28), Elah, king of Israel (1Ki 16:9), Benhadad, king of Syria, and his confederates (1Ki 20:16), Holofernes (Judith 13:2), etc., but also from frequent references to drunkenness as a…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

Is referred to in the Bible both in single instances and as a habit. Its folly is often illustrated, Ps 107:27 Isa 19:14 24:20 28:7,8, its guilt denounced, Isa 5:22, its ill results traced, 1Sa 25:36 1Ki 16:9 20:16, and its doom shown, 1Co 6:9,10. It is produced by wine, Ge 9:21 21:33 Jer 23:9 Eph 5:18, as well as by "strong drink," 1Sa 1:13-15

Nave's Topical Bible

→ General scriptures concerning De 21:20,21; 29:19-21; 1Sa 1:14; Ps 69:12; Pr 20:1; 21:17; 23:20,21,29-35; 31:4-7; Isa 5:11,12,22; 19:14; 24:9,11; 28:1,3,7,8; 56:12; Jer 25:27; Ho 4:11; 7:5,14; Joe 1:5; 3:3; Am 2:8,12; 6:1,6; Mic 2:11; Na 1:10; Hab…

- Forbidden

Eph 5:18

- Caution against

Lu 21:34

- Is a work of the flesh

Ga 5:21

- Is debasing

Isa 28:8

- Is inflaming

Isa 5:11

- Overcharges the heart

Lu 21:34

- Takes away the heart

Ho 4:11

- LEADS TO

. Poverty

Pr 21:17; 23:21

. Strife

Pr 23:29,30

. Woe and sorrow

Pr 23:29,30

. Error

Isa 28:7

. Contempt of God's works

and you will eat fat to satiety and you will drink blood to drunkenness from sacrifice my which I have sacrificed for you
מִזִּבְחִ֖יmi.ziv.Chi from sacrifice my H2077 Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
162× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A sacrifice refers to the act of offering an animal's flesh to God, such as in the sacrifices of righteousness or the Passover. This term encompasses various types of sacrifices, including thank offerings and covenant sacrifices. The KJV translates it as 'offer' or 'sacrifice'.
Amplified meaning
my offering, which I have prepared for you
Tyndale gloss
sacrifice
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

זֶ֫בַח (zebach) means 'sacrifice' and is derived from a root meaning 'to slaughter.' It encompasses various types of sacrifices, including those for feasts, covenant sacrifices, and thank offerings. The term appears in contexts related to both the God of Israel and other deities, indicating its broad use in ritual practices.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

זֶ֫בַח 162 n.m. sacrifice

general name for all sacrifices eaten at feasts

of the God of Israel

of other deities

there are several kinds which are gradually distinguished

the covenant sacrifice, between Jacob and Laban

the passover

annual sacrifice

thank offering

in ritual of H & P

the slaughter of hostile nations

the verb used

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2077 זֶ֫בַח sacrifice

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2077 zebach zeh'-bakh

from 2076; properly, a slaughter, i.e. the flesh of an

animal; by implication, a sacrifice (the victim or the

act):--offer(- ing), sacrifice.

see HEBREW for 02076

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

זֶ֫בַח (ze.vach) — sacrifice.

1) sacrifice

1a) sacrifices of righteousness

1b) sacrifices of strife

1c) sacrifices to dead things

1d) the covenant sacrifice

1e) the passover

1f) annual sacrifice

1g) thank offering

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HR/Ncmsc/Sp1bs
and you will eat fat to satiety and you will drink blood to drunkenness from sacrifice my which I have sacrificed for you
אֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher- which H834 Particle
5,500× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is a conjunction that connects ideas and events in the Bible, like in the book of Genesis, where it's used to describe the relationship between God and His creation.
Tyndale gloss
which
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֲשֶׁר (*asher*) is a relative pronoun that can mean 'who,' 'which,' or 'that.' It serves various grammatical functions, including as an adverb or conjunction, indicating relationships between clauses, places, or conditions. Variants like בַאֲשֶׁר (*ba-asher*), מֵאֲשֶׁר (*me-asher*), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (*ka-asher*) expand its usage to specific contexts such as location, causation, and time.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause.

base

בַאֲשֶׁר

in (that) which

adv. in (the place) where

conj. in that, inasmuch as

on account of whom?

base

מֵאֲשֶׁר

from (or than) that which

adv. from (the place) where

conj. from (the fact) that …, since

base

כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when

according to that which, according as, as

with a causal force, in so far as, since

with a temporal force, when

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H834a אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. H834b בַאֲשֶׁר . in (that) which

. adv. in (the place) where

. conj. in that, inasmuch as

. on account of whom?

H834c מֵאֲשֶׁר . from (or than) that which

. adv. from (the place) where

. conj. from (the fact) that …, since

H834d כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when . according to that which, according as, as

. with a causal force, in so far as, since

. with a temporal force, when

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

834 'aher ash-er'

a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction)

when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X

alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, +

from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which,

wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where

(+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, +

whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is

indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun

expletively, used to show the connection.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֲשֶׁר (a.sher) — which.

A: 1) (relative part.)

1a) which, who

1b) that which

2) (conj)

2a) that (in obj clause)

2b) when

2c) since

2d) as

2e) conditional if

B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which

2) (adv)

2a) where

3) (conj)

3a) in that, inasmuch as

3b) on account of

C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which

2) from (the place) where

3) from (the fact) that, since

D: Kaph+

1) (conj.), according as, as, when

1a) according to that which, according as, as

1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since

1c) with a temporal force: when

בַאֲשֶׁר (ba.a.sher) — in which.

1) in (that) which

2) (adv)

2a) where

3) (conj)

3a) in that, inasmuch as

3b) on account of

מֵאֲשֶׁר (me.a.sher) — whence.

1) from (or than) that which

2) from (the place) where

3) from (the fact) that, since

כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka.a.sher) — as which.

conj

1) according as, as, when

1a) according to that which, according as, as

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTr — Particle
HTr
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and you will eat fat to satiety and you will drink blood to drunkenness from sacrifice my which I have sacrificed for you
זָבַ֥חְתִּיza.Vach.ti I have sacrificed H2076 Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
134× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To sacrifice means to slaughter an animal, usually for a religious offering, as seen in the Bible's instructions for worship. This term is used in many contexts, including sacrifices for eating or in divine judgment. It's often translated as 'kill' or 'offer' in the KJV.
Tyndale gloss
to sacrifice
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word זָבַח (zavach) is a primitive root meaning to slaughter, particularly in the context of sacrifice. It encompasses various forms of slaughter, including for eating and divine judgment, and is used in both the Qal and Piel stems. The entries highlight its significance in sacrificial practices, but do not present any notable disagreements among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

זָבַח 134 vb. slaughter for sacrifice

Qal 112

slaughter for sacrifice

slaughter for eating

slaughter for divine judgment

Pi. 22 sacrifice

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2076 זָבַח slaughter for sacrifice .. slaughter for sacrifice

. slaughter for eating

. slaughter for divine judgment

. sacrifice

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2076 zabach zaw-bakh'

a primitive root; to slaughter an animal (usually in

sacrifice):--kill, offer, (do) sacrifice, slay.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

זָבַח (za.vach) — to sacrifice.

1) to slaughter, kill, sacrifice, slaughter for sacrifice

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to slaughter for sacrifice

1a2) to slaughter for eating

1a3) to slaughter in divine judgment

1b) (Piel) to sacrifice, offer sacrifice

Aramaic equivalent: de.vach (דְּבַח "to sacrifice" H1684)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-1cs — Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
HVqp1cs
and you will eat fat to satiety and you will drink blood to drunkenness from sacrifice my which I have sacrificed for you
לָכֶֽם׃la.Khem for you H9036 Preposition · suffix
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֶם (khem) — you.

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 2nd person masculine plural

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Sp2mp — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp2mp
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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