Isaiah 13:16 — Word Study
WLCוְעֹלְלֵיהֶ֥ם יְרֻטְּשׁ֖וּ לְעֵֽינֵיהֶ֑ם יִשַּׁ֙סּוּ֙ בָּֽתֵּיהֶ֔ם וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֖ם תִּשָּׁכַֽבְנָה׃
BSATheir infantsʻôwlêl [young children, sucklings] will be dashed to piecesrâṭâsh▸ [broken, smashed, in a violent manner] before their eyesʻayin [in their sight, openly] their housesbayith [homes, dwellings] will be lootedshâçaç▸ [plundered, rifled] and their wivesʼishshâh [women, female partners] will be ravishedshâgal [violently taken, raped, laid with]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְעֹלְלֵיהֶ֥ם | and children their | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| יְרֻטְּשׁ֖וּ | they will be dashed in pieces | Verb, Pual, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| לְעֵֽינֵיהֶ֑ם | to eyes their | Preposition, noun common feminine dual construct, suffix |
| יִשַּׁ֙סּוּ֙ | they will be plundered | Verb, Niphal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| בָּֽתֵּיהֶ֔ם | houses their | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֖ם | and wives their | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| תִּשָּׁכַֽבְנָה׃ | they will be lain with | Verb, Niphal, imperfect third person feminine plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Their infants will be dashed to pieces before their eyes, their houses will be looted, and their wives will be ravished. |
| KJV | Their children also shall be dashed to pieces before their eyes; their houses shall be spoiled, and their wives ravished. |
| ASV | Their infants also shall be dashed in pieces before their eyes; their houses shall be rifled, and their wives ravished. |
| YLT | And their sucklings are dashed to pieces before their eyes, Spoiled are their houses, and their wives lain with. |
| WEB | Their infants also will be dashed in pieces before their eyes. Their houses will be ransacked, and their wives raped. |
| BBE | Their young children will be broken up before their eyes; their goods will be taken away, and their wives made the property of others. |
The translations agree on the overall message of destruction and suffering, with no significant differences in wording.
The structure consists of a main clause followed by participial and additional main clauses, creating a clear depiction of the unfolding calamity.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbרָטַשׁ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Isaiah 13:16
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Judgment on Babylongenerated
Isaiah 13:16 delivers a grim prophecy about the fate of Babylon, emphasizing the violent destruction that awaits its inhabitants. This verse highlights the brutal reality of war and the suffering inflicted upon the innocent, particularly children, as well as the looting of homes and the violation of women. The context of this prophecy serves as a warning about the consequences of sin and rebellion against God, echoing themes found throughout the prophetic literature.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 137:8–9 | O Daughter of Babylon, doomed to destruction, blessed is he who repays you as you have done to us. |
| 2 | Hosea 10:14 | the roar of battle will rise against your people, so that all your fortresses will be demolished as Shalman devastated Beth-arbel in the day of battle, when mothers were dashed to pieces along with their children. |
| 3 | Nahum 3:10 | |
| 4 | Lamentations 5:11 | Women have been ravished in Zion, virgins in the cities of Judah. |
| 5 | Zechariah 14:2 | For I will gather all the nations for battle against Jerusalem, and the city will be captured, the houses looted, and the women ravished. Half of the city will go into exile, but the rest of the people will not be removed from the city. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — וְעֹלְלֵיהֶ֥ם, ve.'o.le.lei.Hemgenerated
The word עוֹלֵל (owlel) is a noun that refers to a young child or infant, emphasizing their vulnerability. It is derived from a root meaning to suckle, indicating a very young child or babe. This term is consistently used across lexicons to denote a young child, highlighting their innocence and the tragedy of their fate in this verse.
In this context, the use of עוֹלֵל underscores the severity of the judgment being pronounced. The violent imagery associated with the destruction of infants serves to amplify the horror of the situation, making it clear that no one, not even the most defenseless, will escape the consequences of Babylon's impending doom.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse contains multiple finite verbs that describe the actions occurring: יְרֻטְּשׁ֖וּ (they will be dashed), יִשַּׁ֙סּוּ֙ (they will be plundered), and תִּשָּׁכַֽבְנָה (they will be lain with). Each action is directed at different subjects, creating a vivid picture of destruction and violation.
The structure of the verse emphasizes the scale of the devastation, with each clause building upon the previous one to depict a comprehensive picture of calamity. The use of parallelism in the actions reinforces the severity of the judgment being pronounced.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates וְעֹלְלֵיהֶ֥ם as καὶ (and), which serves as a conjunction to connect the various elements of destruction. This choice indicates a straightforward rendering without additional interpretation.
For יְרֻטְּשׁ֖וּ, the LXX uses ἕχουσιν (they have), which shifts the focus slightly from the act of dashing to the state of having been subjected to violence. This choice may reflect a different interpretive angle on the nature of the judgment.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Isaiah 13:16 describes the horrific fate that awaits Babylon, where infants will be violently killed, homes will be robbed, and women will be assaulted. This verse serves as a stark reminder of the consequences of sin and the severity of divine judgment.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The verse highlights the tragic reality that children often suffer the most during conflicts, illustrating their vulnerability and the brutality of war.
It portrays a severe consequence for the sins of Babylon, emphasizing that divine judgment can lead to widespread destruction and suffering.
The mention of homes and wives indicates that the judgment extends beyond individuals to families and communities, showing the comprehensive nature of the destruction.
Similar themes of destruction and judgment appear in other prophetic texts, such as in Psalm 137:8-9 and Nahum 3:10, reinforcing the message of accountability for nations.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does this verse reveal about the consequences of sin in society?
- How can we apply the lessons of this judgment to our own lives and communities?
- In what ways can we advocate for the vulnerable in our world today, as this verse highlights their plight?
- How does understanding the severity of divine judgment influence our view of justice?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early interpretations of this verse focus on the severity of judgment and the consequences of sin, as seen in the quotations from Jerome, who highlights the destruction and suffering depicted.
Those who see you will bow down to you, and they will look at you. Is this the man who troubled the earth? who shook kingdoms? who made the world a desert, and destroyed its cities,Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 13 →
Their infants will be shattered before their eyes: their houses will be plundered, and their wives violated. This is what David prophesied in the Spirit: O daughter of Babylon, miserable one,Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 13 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Isaiah 13:16 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleTheir children also shall be dashed to pieces before their eyes,.... Upon the ground, or against the wall, as was foretold should be, Psalms 137:8 and in way of retaliation for what they did to the
Read John Gill on Isaiah 13 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryTheir children also shall be dashed to pieces before their eyes; their houses shall be spoiled, and their wives ravished. (Psalms 137:8-9.)
Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 13 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleTheir children also shall be dashed to pieces before their eyes, as a just recompence for the like cruelty acted by them upon the Jews, , which also was foretold, .
Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 13 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsIsaiah 13:16 Their children also shall be dashed to pieces before their eyes; their houses shall be spoiled, and their wives ravished.Ver. 16. Their children shall be dashed in pieces, &c.] As had been prayed and prophesied long before and this was but lex talionis. See 2 Chronicles 36:17 Lamentations 5:11. Their houses shall be spoiled, and their wives ravished.] As those three commandments, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not steal, are ranked together in the law, so they are commonly violated together in the lawless violence of war.
Read John Trapp on Isaiah 13 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(16) Their children also shall be dashed.—Better, their sucklings. The words of the prediction seem to have been in the minds of the exiles in Babylon when they uttered their dread beatitude on those who were to be the ministers of a righteous vengeance (Psalms 137:9). Outrages such as these were then, as they have been ever since, the inevitable accompaniments of the capture of a besieged city.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 13 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges16. That the capture of Babylon should be marked by the atrocities here spoken of was no doubt to be expected from the character of the Medes (Isaiah 13:17 f.), but no such crimes appear to have stained the actual victory of Cyrus. According to Babylonian records he took possession of the city peacefully. (Records of the Past, New SeR.V. 144 ff.) Cf. Psalms 137:9; Nahum 3:10; Hosea 13:16; 2 Kings 8:12. The last half of the verse is repeated in Zechariah 14:2.
Read Cambridge on Isaiah 13 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleTheir children also shall be dashed to pieces - This is a description of the horrors of the capture of Babylon; and there can be none more frightful and appalling than that which is here presented.
Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 13 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible16. Their children — Whose children? Either those of foreigners, or of foreigners and natives, according as slaughter was seen to be restricted or general.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Isaiah 13 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Their infants will be dashed to pieces before their eyes, their houses will be looted, and their wives will be ravished.
Their infants also will be dashed in pieces before their eyes. Their houses will be ransacked, and their wives raped.
Their infants will be dashed to pieces before their eyes, their houses will be looted, and their wives will be ravished.
Their children will be smashed to pieces before their very eyes; their houses will be looted and their wives raped.
Tyndale line
Their children also shall be dashed to pieces before their eyes; their houses shall be spoiled, and their wives ravished.
Their infants also shall be dashed in pieces before their eyes; their houses shall be rifled, and their wives ravished.
Their infants also shall be dashed in pieces before their eyes; their houses shall be spoiled, and their wives ravished.
Their children also shall be dashed to pieces before their eyes; their houses shall be plundered, and their wives ravished.
Their children also shall be broken in pieces before their eyes: their houses shall be spoiled, and their wiues rauished.
Strictly literal
And their infants shall be dashed in pieces before their eyes, their houses shall be rifled, and their women ravished.
And their sucklings are dashed to pieces before their eyes, Spoiled are their houses, and their wives lain with.
And their sucklings are dashed to pieces before their eyes, || Their houses are spoiled, and their wives lain with.
And their babes shall be dashed to pieces before their eyes: spoiled shall be their houses, and their wives ravished.
Their infants also will be dashed in pieces before their eyes. Their houses will be plundered and their wives raped.
From the Latin
Their infants shall be dashed in pieces before their eyes: their houses shall be pillaged, and their wives shall be ravished.
Simplified
Their little children will be dashed to pieces as they watch, their houses will be looted, and their wives will be raped.
Their young children will be broken up before their eyes; their goods will be taken away, and their wives made the property of others.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text presents the verse as it stands, while the Septuagint matches 4 of the 7 words, indicating a close correspondence in meaning but differing in structure. The Dead Sea Scrolls show varying degrees of preservation, with the 1Qisaa scroll closely aligning with the MT, affirming the consistency of the text across traditions.
וְעֹלְלֵיהֶ֥ם יְרֻטְּשׁ֖וּ לְעֵֽינֵיהֶ֑ם יִשַּׁ֙סּוּ֙ בָּֽתֵּיהֶ֔ם וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֖ם תִּשָּׁכַֽבְנָה׃
4 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ועילולי׳המה ירוטשו לעיני׳הם וישסו בתי׳הם ונשי׳המה תשכבנה
7 words on the leather.
ועללי׳הם ירטשו [לעיני׳הם] [ישסו] [בתי׳הם] [ונשי׳הם] [תשגלנה] [תשכבנה]
1 word on the leather — 1 partly restored, 6 supplied entire by an editor.
[ועללי׳הם] [ירטשו] [לעיני׳הם] [ישסו] [בתי׳הם] [ונשי׳הם] תשנה
nothing on the leather here — 1 partly restored, 6 supplied entire by an editor.
[ועללי׳הם] ירטשו לעיני׳הם ישסו בתי׳הם [ונשי׳הם] תשגלנה
2 words on the leather — 3 partly restored, 2 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 13:16
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
עוֹלֵל (owlel) refers to a child or infant, emphasizing youth and vulnerability. It is derived from a root meaning to suckle, indicating a very young child or babe. The term is consistently used across lexicons to denote a young child, with no significant disagreement among sources.
עוֹלֵל, עוֹלָל n.m. child
base
H5768 עוֹלֵל, עוֹלָל child
5768 `owlel o-lale'
or lolal {o-lawl'}; from 5763; a suckling:--babe, (young)
child, infant, little one.
see HEBREW for 05763
עוֹלֵל (o.lel) — infant.
child, boy
Conj | N-mp | Suff — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHC/Ncmpc/Sp3mp
רָטַשׁ (ratash) is a Hebrew verb meaning to dash in pieces. It is a primitive root that appears in the Piel form, indicating an active action of dashing, and in the Pual form, suggesting a passive state of being dashed. The entries consistently focus on this destructive action without offering additional nuances.
[רָטַשׁ] vb. Pi. dash in pieces
Pi. their children thou wilt dash in pieces
Pu. all of children
base
H7376 [רָטַשׁ] Pi. dash in pieces
7376 ratash raw-tash'
a primitive root; to dash down:--dash (in pieces).
רָטַשׁ (ra.tash) — to dash in pieces.
1) to dash to pieces
1a) (Piel) to dash in pieces
1b) (Pual) to be dashed in pieces
V-Pual-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Pual · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVPi3mp
Pieces
(1) of silver. In Ps. 68:30 denotes “fragments,” and not properly money. In 1 Sam. 2:36 (Heb. agorah), properly a “small sum” as wages, weighed rather than coined. Josh. 24:32 (Heb. kesitah, q.v.), supposed by some to have been a piece of money bearing the figure of a lamb, but rather simply a certain amount. (Comp. Gen. 33:19).
(2.) The word pieces is omitted in many passages, as Gen. 20:16; 37:28; 45:22, etc. The passage in Zech. 11:12, 13 is quoted in the Gospel (Matt. 26:15), and from this we…
The Hebrew word עַ֫יִן (*'ayin*) means 'eye' and can refer to both the physical organ and its figurative uses, such as mental qualities and desires. It also denotes a 'spring' or 'fountain' of water. The entries highlight various phrases and contexts, including appearances and expressions of emotion, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
עַ֫יִן 859 n.f. eye
lit. as physical organ
eyes as showing mental qualities
desire of the eyes, abominations of the eyes
Fig. of mental and physical faculties, acts and states
Transferred mngs.:
visible surface of earth
appearance
gleam, sparkle
Other phrases are: an eye for an eye; eye to eye; in the presence of, in full view of; of business transaction; on the forehead
base
עַ֫יִן n.f. spring (of water). Particular springs are:
ע׳ חֲרֹר Ju 7:1
ע׳ הַקּוֹרֵא (partridge-spring) Ju 15:19
ע׳ רֹגֵל near Jerus.
ע׳ הַתַּנִּין (dragon-spring)
base
H5869a עַ֫יִן eye . lit. as physical organ
. . eyes as showing mental qualities
. desire of the eyes, abominations of the eyes
. Fig. of mental and physical faculties, acts and states
. Transferred mngs.: . visible surface of earth
. appearance
. gleam, sparkle
. Other phrases are: an eye for an eye; eye to eye; in the presence of, in full view of; of business transaction; on the forehead
H5869b עַ֫יִן spring (of water)
5869 `ayin ah'-yin
probably a primitive word; an eye (literally or
figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the
landscape):--affliction, outward appearance, + before, +
think best, colour, conceit, + be content, countenance, +
displease, eye((-brow), (-d), -sight), face, + favour,
fountain, furrow (from the margin), X him, + humble,
knowledge, look, (+ well), X me, open(-ly), + (not) please,
presence, + regard, resemblance, sight, X thee, X them, +
think, X us, well, X you(-rselves).
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye.
: eye
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
1a3) of mental and spiritual faculties (fig.)
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — Fountain (Gate).
§ spring, fountain
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — Fountain of.
§ spring, fountain
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye: seeing.
: seeing
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
1a3) of mental and spiritual faculties (fig.)
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye: appearance.
: appearance
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
1a3) of mental and spiritual faculties (fig.)
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye: before(the eyes).
: before(the_eyes)
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
1a3) of mental and spiritual faculties (fig.)
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye: sin.
: sin
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
Prep | N-cd | Suff — Preposition · noun common feminine dual construct · suffixHR/Ncfdc/Sp3mp
שָׁסַס (shacac) is a primitive root meaning to plunder or spoil. It appears in the Qal form as 'to plunder' and in the Niphal form as 'to be plundered.' The entries indicate a focus on the act of plundering and its passive form, with a connection to another word, שָׁאַס (sha.as), meaning 'to spoil.'
[שָׁסַס] vb. id. [שָׁסָה]
Qal they have plundered him
Niph. be plundered
base
H8155 [שָׁסַס] id. [שָׁסָה]
8155 shacac shaw-sas'
a primitive root; to plunder:--rifle, spoil.
שָׁסַס (sha.sas) — to plunder.
1) to plunder, spoil
1a) (Qal) to plunder
1b) (Niphal) to be plundered, be rifled
Also means: sha.as (שָׁאַס "to spoil" H7601)
V-Niphal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVNi3mp
The Hebrew word בַּיִת (*bayith*) means 'house' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including dwelling, family, and place. It can refer to physical structures, such as homes and temples, as well as metaphorical uses like the body or household affairs. The word is built from the root related to 'between' and appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament.
בֵּית fem. of בַּיִן, בֵּין prep. between
base
בַּ֫יִת 2034 n.m. house
house
place
receptacle
of house as containing a family
household, family (592 t.)
house, including household affairs
lit. housewards, hence metaph. inwards
מִבַּיִת
adv. on the inside
prep. within
base
H1004a בֵּית fem. of בַּיִן, בֵּין prep. between H1004b בַּ֫יִת house
1004 bayith bah'-yith
probably from 1129 abbreviated; a house (in the greatest
variation of applications, especially family, etc.):--court,
daughter, door, + dungeon, family, + forth of, X great as
would contain, hangings, home(born), (winter)house(-hold),
inside(-ward), palace, place, + prison, + steward, + tablet,
temple, web, + within(-out).
see HEBREW for 01129
בֵּית (bet) — place.
nm
place, origin, between
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — house: home.
: home/temple/building
nm
1) house
1a) house, dwelling habitation
1b) shelter or abode of animals
1c) human bodies (fig.)
1d) of Sheol
1e) of abode of light and darkness
1f) of land of Ephraim
2) place
3) receptacle
4) home, house as containing a family
5) household, family
5a) those belonging to the same household
5b) family of descendants, descendants as organized body
6) household affairs
7) inwards (metaph.)
8) (TWOT) temple
adv
9) on the inside
prep
10) within
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth-(ashbea).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
Combined with ash.be.a (אַשְׁבֵּעַ "Ashbea" H0791)
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth (Haggan).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
Combined with hag (גַּן "Haggan" H1588)
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth-(togarmah).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp3mp
אִשָּׁה (ishshah) means 'woman,' 'wife,' or 'female.' It can refer to a woman in general, a wife in relation to a man, or the female of animals. The term also has distributive and reciprocal uses, indicating 'each woman' from her neighbor. The word is derived from the masculine forms אִישׁ (ish) and אִישָׁה (ishah), indicating a broad range of meanings.
אִשָּׁה 773 n.f. woman, wife, female
woman
Wife (woman belonging to a man, usually cstr. or sf.)
Female of animals
With distrib. & recipr. sense, each woman from her neighbor; each one
base
H802 אִשָּׁה woman, wife, female . woman
. Wife (woman belonging to a man, usually cstr. or sf.)
. Female of animals
. With distrib. & recipr. sense, each woman from her neighbor; each one
802 'ishshah ish-shaw'
feminine of 376 or 582; irregular plural, nashiym
{naw-sheem'}; a woman (used in the same wide sense as
582):--(adulter)ess, each, every, female, X many, + none,
one, + together, wife, woman. Often unexpressed in English.
see HEBREW for 0376
see HEBREW for 0582
see HEBREW for 0582
אִשָּׁה (ish.shah) — woman.
: woman
1) woman, wife, female
1a) woman (opposite of man)
1b) wife (woman married to a man)
1c) female (of animals)
1d) each, every (pronoun)
אִשָּׁה (ish.shah) — woman: wife.
: wife/widow
1) woman, wife, female
1a) woman (opposite of man)
1b) wife (woman married to a man)
1c) female (of animals)
1d) each, every (pronoun)
אִשָּׁה (ish.shah) — woman: another.
: another
1) woman, wife, female
1a) woman (opposite of man)
1b) wife (woman married to a man)
1c) female (of animals)
1d) each, every (pronoun)
Conj | N-fp | Suff — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHC/Ncmpc/Sp3mp
The Hebrew word שָׁכַב (shakab) is a primitive root meaning 'to lie down.' It covers a range of meanings including resting, lodging, engaging in sexual relations, and lying down in death. The word appears in various forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Pual, Hiphil, and Hophal, indicating different nuances of lying down. Notably, it can also figuratively mean to relax.
שָׁכַב 212 vb. lie down
Qal
lie down
= lodge (for night)
of sexual relations, lie with
lie down in death
esp. in phr. lie down with his fathers
fig. = relax
Niph. Pu. = be lain with (sexually; subj. women), only as Qr for Kt [שָׁגֵל] Niph. Pu. q.v.
Hiph. lay
Hoph. laid
base
H7901 שָׁכַב lie down .. lie down
. = lodge (for night)
. of sexual relations, lie with
. . lie down in death
. esp. in phr. lie down with his fathers
. fig. = relax
. Pu. = be lain with (sexually; subj. women), only as Qr for Kt [שָׁגֵל] Niph. Pu. q.v.
. lay
. laid
7901 shakab shaw-kab'
a primitive root; to lie down (for rest, sexual connection,
decease or any other purpose):--X at all, cast down,
((lover-))lay (self) (down), (make to) lie (down, down to
sleep, still with), lodge, ravish, take rest, sleep, stay.
שָׁכַב (sha.khav) — to lie down: lay down.
: lay_down/lie_with
1) to lie down
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lie, lie down, lie on
1a2) to lodge
1a3) to lie (of sexual relations)
1a4) to lie down (in death)
1a5) to rest, relax (fig)
1b) (Niphal) to be lain with (sexually)
1c) (Pual) to be lain with (sexually)
1d) (Hiphil) to make to lie down
1e) (Hophal) to be laid
שָׁכַב (sha.khav) — to lie down: sleep.
: sleep/rest
1) to lie down
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lie, lie down, lie on
1a2) to lodge
1a3) to lie (of sexual relations)
1a4) to lie down (in death)
1a5) to rest, relax (fig)
1b) (Niphal) to be lain with (sexually)
1c) (Pual) to be lain with (sexually)
1d) (Hiphil) to make to lie down
1e) (Hophal) to be laid
שָׁכַב (sha.khav) — to lie down: have sex.
: have_sex
1) to lie down
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lie, lie down, lie on
1a2) to lodge
1a3) to lie (of sexual relations)
1a4) to lie down (in death)
1a5) to rest, relax (fig)
HVNi3fp — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person feminine pluralHVNi3fp