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Isaiah 30:12 — Word Study

Depth

WLCלָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ קְד֣וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יַ֥עַן מָֽאָסְכֶ֖ם בַּדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֑ה וַֽתִּבְטְחוּ֙ בְּעֹ֣שֶׁק וְנָל֔וֹז וַתִּֽשָּׁעֲנ֖וּ עָלָֽיו׃

BSAThereforekên [in this manner, thus] this is whatkôh the Holyqâdôwsh One of IsraelYisrâʼêl [set apart, sacred, the symbolic name of Jacob, God's chosen people] saysʼâmar Becauseyaʻan [for the reason that] you have rejectedmâʼaç [spurned, despised] thiszeh messagedâbâr [word, thing] trustingbâṭach [having confidence, faith] in oppressionʻôsheq [injury, fraud] and relyingshâʻan [leaning, supporting] on deceitlûwz [perverseness, dishonesty]

Word
Listen & take awayIsaiah 30
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 12 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration ('a.Lav) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Isaiah 30:12quick helps
In a sentenceGod speaks through Isaiah, declaring judgment on those who have rejected His message and placed their trust in falsehood.
Who is speakingThe Holy One of Israel, representing God's authority and holiness.
Where we areThis verse is part of a warning to Israel about the consequences of their choices.
The hard wordמָֽאָסְכֶ֖ם
Take awayTrusting in deceit leads to destruction.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbאָמַר The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Isaiah 30:12

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — God's Warning to Israelgenerated

11Get out of the way; turn off the road. Rid us of the Holy One of Israel!”
12Therefore this is what the Holy One of Israel says: “Because you have rejected this message, trusting in oppression and relying on deceit,
13this iniquity of yours is like a breach about to fail, a bulge in a high wall, whose collapse will come suddenly— in an instant!
14It will break in pieces like a potter’s jar, shattered so that no fragment can be found. Not a shard will be found in the dust large enough to scoop the coals from a hearth or to skim the water from a cistern.”

Isaiah 30:12 presents a message from the Holy One of Israel, emphasizing the consequences of rejecting His guidance. The Israelites are warned against placing their trust in oppression and deceit instead of in God. This context highlights the ongoing struggle between divine guidance and human folly, as seen throughout the prophetic writings.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Isaiah 30:1–7“Woe to the rebellious children,” declares the LORD, “to those who carry out a plan that is not Mine, who form an alliance, but against My will, heaping up sin upon sin.
2Isaiah 5:24Therefore, as a tongue of fire consumes the straw, and as dry grass shrivels in the flame, so their roots will decay and their blossoms will blow away like dust; for they have rejected the instruction of the LORD of Hosts and despised the word of the Holy One of Israel.
3Isaiah 31:1–3Woe to those who go down to Egypt for help, who rely on horses, who trust in their abundance of chariots and in their multitude of horsemen. They do not look to the Holy One of Israel; they do not seek the LORD.
42 Samuel 12:9–10Why then have you despised the command of the LORD by doing evil in His sight? You put Uriah the Hittite to the sword and took his wife as your own, for you have slain him with the sword of the Ammonites.
5Amos 2:4This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Judah, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they reject the Law of the LORD and fail to keep His statutes; they are led astray by the lies in which their fathers walked.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 12 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word כֵּן, la.Khengenerated

The Hebrew word כֵּן (*ken*) is built from a root meaning 'set upright.' It serves as both an adjective and an adverb, meaning 'right,' 'thus,' or 'therefore.' In this verse, it indicates the manner in which God speaks, affirming the seriousness of His message.

As an adverb, it emphasizes the declaration that follows, marking it as a direct response to the actions of the people. Its use here underscores the importance of the message being conveyed.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb אָמַר, he says, governs the entire clause, with several phrases providing context. The structure emphasizes the declaration made by the Holy One of Israel.

The sentence begins with a conjunction and includes prepositional phrases and clauses that detail the consequences of rejecting God's message, illustrating the complexity of the Israelites' situation.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates כֵּן as τοῦτο, meaning 'this.' This choice narrows the focus to the specific message being conveyed by God.

The Greek word ἅγιος is used for קְד֣וֹשׁ, emphasizing the holiness of God in the context of His warning.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Isaiah 30:12 shows God speaking through Isaiah, warning Israel about the consequences of rejecting His message. The Israelites are cautioned against trusting in oppression and deceit, which leads to destruction.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean to reject God's message?

Rejecting God's message means turning away from His guidance and choosing to trust in falsehoods, which can lead to dire consequences.

How does trust in oppression manifest in our lives?

Trusting in oppression can manifest as reliance on unjust systems or practices that ultimately harm us or others, rather than seeking justice and truth.

What is the significance of God being called the Holy One of Israel?

The title emphasizes God's sacredness and His unique relationship with Israel, highlighting His authority and the seriousness of His warnings.

How can we ensure we are not relying on deceit?

We can ensure we are not relying on deceit by seeking truth through God's word, being honest in our dealings, and relying on God's guidance in our decisions.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways do I see myself trusting in things other than God?
  2. How can I better discern God's message in my life?
  3. What steps can I take to ensure I am not relying on deceit?
  4. How does understanding God's holiness affect my relationship with Him?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Jerome quotes this passage to emphasize the consequences of rejecting God's word, illustrating the seriousness of the warning given to Israel.

Jeromevv. 12-14 c. 347–420
Therefore thus says the Holy Lord of Israel: Because you have rejected this word and have put your trust in oppression and in deceit, and have relied on it,
Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 30 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Isaiah 30:12 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Wherefore thus saith the Holy One of Israel,.... The prophet introduces his message with the phrase they objected to: ministers of the word must not seek to please men, nor should they be deterred

Read John Gill on Isaiah 30 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Wherefore thus saith the Holy One of Israel, Because ye despise this word, and trust in oppression and perverseness, and stay thereon: Wherefore thus saith the Holy One.

Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 30 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

In oppression; in the wealth which you have gotten by oppression, whereby you now think to procure Egyptian succours; of which See Poole "". And perverseness; and in your perverse and rebellious course of sending to Egypt for help.

Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 30 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Isaiah 30:12 Wherefore thus saith the Holy One of Israel, Because ye despise this word, and trust in oppression and perverseness, and stay thereon:Ver. 12. Wherefore thus saith the Holy One of Israel.] The prophet doth on purpose repeat this title, so much disrelished by them, to cross them. Ministers must not be men pleasers.

Read John Trapp on Isaiah 30 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(12) Because ye despise this word—i.e., the message which Isaiah had delivered against the alliance with Egypt. We note how the prophet enforces it, as coming from that very Holy One of Israel of whom they were tired of hearing.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 30 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 12. In oppression - "In obliquity"] בעקש beakesh, transposing the two last letters of בעשק beoshek, in oppression, which seems not to belong to this place: a very probable conjecture of Houbigant.

Read AdamClarke on Isaiah 30 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

12–14. The answer of “Israel’s Holy One,” whose revelation is thus challenged.

Read Cambridge on Isaiah 30 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Wherefore thus saith the Holy One - Yahweh. There may be some reference here to the fact adverted to in Isaiah 30:11, that they were weary of the name of the Holy One of Israel, and of the perpetual reiteration of his commands.

Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 30 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Therefore this is what the Holy One of Israel says: “Because you have rejected this message, trusting in oppression and relying on deceit,

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Therefore the Holy One of Israel says, “Because you despise this word, and trust in oppression and perverseness, and rely on it,

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Therefore this is what the Holy One of Israel says: “Because you have rejected this message, trusting in oppression and relying on deceit,

NETBNew English Translation2006

For this reason this is what the Holy One of Israel says: “You have rejected this message; you trust instead in your ability to oppress and trick, and rely on that kind of behavior.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Wherefore thus saith the Holy One of Israel, Because ye despise this word, and trust in oppression and perverseness, and stay thereon:

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Wherefore thus saith the Holy One of Israel, Because ye despise this word, and trust in oppression and perverseness, and rely thereon;

RVARevised Version, American1894

Wherefore thus saith the Holy One of Israel, Because ye despise this word, and trust in oppression and perverseness, and stay thereon;

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Wherefore thus saith the Holy One of Israel, Because ye despise this word, and trust in oppression and perverseness, and lean upon it:

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Therefoe thus saith the holy one of Israel, Because you haue cast off this worde, and trust in violence, and wickednes, and stay thereupon,

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Therefore thus saith the Holy One of Israel: Because ye reject this word, and confide in oppression and wilfulness, and depend thereon,

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Therefore, thus said the Holy One of Israel, Because of your kicking against this word, And ye trust in oppression, And perverseness, and rely on it,

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Therefore, thus said the Holy One of Israel: “Because of your kicking against this word, || And you trust in oppression, || And perverseness, and rely on it,

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Therefore thus hath said the Holy One of Israel, Because ye despise this word, and trust in oppression and perverseness, and lean thereon for aid:

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Therefore the Holy One of Israel says, “Because you reject this word and trust in oppression and deceit and lean on it,

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Therefore thus saith the Holy One of Israel: Because you have rejected this word, and have trusted in oppression and tumult, and have leaned upon it:

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

So this is how the Holy One of Israel replies, Since you have rejected this message, and since you trust in oppression and believe in dishonesty,

BBEBible in Basic English1949

For this cause the Holy One of Israel says, Because you will not give ear to this word, and are looking for help in ways of deceit and evil, and are putting your hope in them:

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

conjunction phraseprepositional phraseלָthereforeכֵ֗ןclauseadverbialכֹּ֤הthusverbאָמַר֙he.saysnoun phrase · subjectקְד֣וֹשׁthe.holy.[one]יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לof.Israelclauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalיַ֥עַןbecauseclauseclauseverbמָֽאָסְyousubjectכֶ֖םhave.rejectedprepositional phrase · prepositionalבַּ(in)noun phrasethenoun phraseדָּבָ֣רwordadjective phraseהַ(the)זֶּ֑הthisוַֽandclauseverbתִּבְטְחוּ֙you.have.trustedprepositional phrase · prepositionalבְּinnoun phraseעֹ֣שֶׁקoppressionוְandנָל֔וֹז[that.which.is].crookedוַandclauseverbתִּֽשָּׁעֲנ֖וּyou.have.dependedprepositional phrase · prepositionalעָלָֽיonוit

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text aligns closely with the Septuagint, with both versions confirming the same essential message. The Dead Sea Scrolls also support the MT, with minor variations in wording and restoration.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ קְד֣וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יַ֥עַן מָֽאָסְכֶ֖ם בַּדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֑ה וַֽתִּבְטְחוּ֙ בְּעֹ֣שֶׁק וְנָל֔וֹז וַתִּֽשָּׁעֲנ֖וּ עָלָֽיו׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
לָכֵ֗ןτοῦτοכֹּ֤הοὕτωςאָמַר֙λέγειקְד֣וֹשׁἅγιοςיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לισραηλיַ֥עַןὅτιמָֽאָסְכֶ֖םἠπειθήσατεבַּדָּבָ֣רλόγοιςהַזֶּ֑הτούτοιςוַֽתִּבְטְחוּ֙ἠλπίσατεבְּעֹ֣שֶׁקψεύδειוְנָל֔וֹזἐγόγγυσαςוַתִּֽשָּׁעֲנ֖וּκαὶעָלָֽיו׃ἐπὶ

14 of the 14 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 1Qisaaa copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

לכן כה אמר קדוש ישראל יען מאס׳כמ בדבר הזה ותבטחו בעושק ותעלוז ותשענו עלי׳ו

14 words on the leather.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 1Q8a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

[לכן] כה אמר קדוש [ישראל] [יען] [מאס׳כם] [בדבר] [הזה] [ותבטחו] [בעשק] [ונלוז] ותשענו עלי׳ו

5 words on the leather — 9 supplied entire by an editor.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q57a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

לכן כוה אמר קדוש ישראל [יען] [מאס׳כם] [בדבר] [הזה] [ותבטחו] בעושק ונלוז [ותשענו] עלי׳ו

5 words on the leather — 3 partly restored, 6 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Isaiah 30:12כֵּןthereforethereforeכֵּןכֹּהthusthusכֹּהאָמַרhe sayshe saysאָמַרקָדוֹשׁ[the] holy [the] holy [oneקָדוֹשׁיִשְׂרָאֵלIsraelIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵליַעַןbecausebecauseיַעַןמָאַסhave rejecthave rejected yמָאַסדָּבָרthe wordthe wordדָּבָרזֶהthisthisזֶהבָּטַחand you havand you have trבָּטַחעֹ֫שֶׁקin oppressiin oppressionעֹ֫שֶׁקלוּזand a crookand a crooked [לוּזשָׁעַןand you havand you have deשָׁעַןעַלon iton itעַלקָדַשׁto consecrto consecrate: קָדַשׁכּוּןto establito establish: pכּוּןשָׂרָהto striveto striveשָׂרָהדָבַרto speak: to speak: speakדָבַרעָשַׁקto oppressto oppressעָשַׁקהוּאhe/she/ithe/she/itהוּאזֶהthisthisזֶהזֹהthisthisזֹהחָסָהto seek reto seek refugeחָסָהלָוָהto jointo joinלָוָהלוּטto wrapto wrapלוּטעַלheightheightעַלכֹּהthusthusכֹּהאָדוֹןLordLordאָדוֹןיהוהYHWH/GodYHWH/Godיהוהשֵׁ֫בֶטtribetribeשֵׁ֫בֶטקָדוֹשׁholyholyקָדוֹשׁכָּנַעbe humblebe humbleכָּנַע
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 30:12

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

therefore thus he says [the] holy [one] of Israel because have rejected you the word this and you have trusted in oppression and a crooked [thing] and you have depended on it
לָכֵ֗ןla.Khen therefore H3651 Preposition · adverb
771× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means 'so' or 'thus', often used to show agreement or confirmation, like in the book of Genesis. It can also mean 'rightly' or 'justly', as in doing something the correct way. It appears in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
Amplified meaning
in this manner, thus
Tyndale gloss
right
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word כֵּן (*ken*) is built from the root meaning 'set upright.' It functions as an adjective meaning 'right,' 'veritable,' or 'honest,' and as an adverb meaning 'so,' 'therefore,' or 'thus.' It appears in various contexts, often indicating manner or relation, and is used in phrases like 'forasmuch as.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֵּן adj. right, veritable, honest

right

veritable, true

pl. concr. honest (men)

base

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

כֵּן adv. so

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3651a כֵּן adj. right, veritable, honest H3651b כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as H3651c כֵּן so

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3651 ken kane

from 3559; properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as

adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction)

rightly or so (in various applications to manner, time and

relation; often with other particles):--+ after that

(this, -ward, -wards), as ... as, + (for-)asmuch as yet, + be

(for which) cause, + following, howbeit, in (the) like

(manner, -wise), X the more, right, (even) so, state,

straightway, such (thing), surely, + there (where)-fore, this,

thus, true, well, X you.

see HEBREW for 03559

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֵּן (ken) — right.

adv

adj

1) right, just, honest, true, veritable

1a) right, just, honest

1b) correct

1c) true, veritable

[כִּי עַל] כֵּן ([ki al] ken) — as.

adv

forasmuch as, since

כֵּן (ken) — so.

adv

1) so, therefore, thus

1a) thus, so

1b) just so

1c) therefore

1d) so...as (paired with adv)

1e) then

1f) forasmuch as (in phrase)

1g) (with prep)

1g1) therefore, this being so (specific)

1g2) hitherto

1g3) therefore, on this ground (general)

1g4) afterwards

1g5) in such case

Aramaic equivalent: ken (כֵּן "thus" H3652)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | Adv — Preposition · adverb
HR/D
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
therefore thus he says [the] holy [one] of Israel because have rejected you the word this and you have trusted in oppression and a crooked [thing] and you have depended on it
כֹּ֤הkoh thus H3541 Adverb
577× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means thus or in this manner. It can also indicate a location or time, such as here or now. The KJV translates it in various ways, including also, here, and so.
Tyndale gloss
thus
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּה (koh) is a demonstrative adverb meaning 'thus' or 'here.' It can indicate manner, place, or time, covering usages like 'thus,' 'here,' and 'until now.' The word is built from a prefix meaning 'like' and a root related to 'to be.' There is an Aramaic equivalent, כָּה (kah), which also means 'thus.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּה demonstr.adv. thus, here

of manner, thus

of place, here

of time, hitherto

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3541 כֹּה thus, here

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3541 koh ko

from the prefix k and 1931; properly, like this, i.e. by

implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here

(or hither); or (of time) now:--also, here, + hitherto, like,

on the other side, so (and much), such, on that manner, (on)

this (manner, side, way, way and that way), + mean while,

yonder.

see HEBREW for 01931

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּה (koh) — thus.

1) thus, here, in this manner

1a) thus, so

1b) here, here and there

1c) until now, until now...until then, meanwhile

Aramaic equivalent: kah (כָּה "thus" H3542)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adv — Adverb
HD
therefore thus he says [the] holy [one] of Israel because have rejected you the word this and you have trusted in oppression and a crooked [thing] and you have depended on it
אָמַר֙'a.Mar he says H559 Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
5,309× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to say or speak, and it's used in many different ways in the Bible. It can mean to command, promise, or think, and it's translated in the KJV as 'answer', 'appoint', or 'command'.
Tyndale gloss
to say
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָמַר (amar) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to say' or 'to utter,' with a broad range of uses including to promise, command, or even boast. It appears in various forms, such as in the Qal (to say), Niphal (to be told), and Hiphil (to avow). The entries highlight its versatility in both spoken and internal contexts, though no specific verse is noted.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָמַר 5287 vb. utter, say

Qal

Say

Say in the heart (= think)

Promise

Command (esp. late)

Niph. be said, told

Hiph. avow, avouch (lit. cause to declare)

Hithp. act proudly, boast

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H559 אָמַר utter, say .. Say

. Say in the heart (= think)

. Promise

. Command (esp. late)

. be said, told

. avow, avouch (lit. cause to declare)

. act proudly, boast

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

559 'amar aw-mar'

a primitive root; to say (used with great

latitude):--answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call,

certify, challenge, charge, + (at the, give) command(-ment),

commune, consider, declare, demand, X desire, determine, X

expressly, X indeed, X intend, name, X plainly, promise,

publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), X still, X

suppose, talk, tell, term, X that is, X think, use (speech),

utter, X verily, X yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָמַר (a.mar) — to say.

1) to say, speak, utter

1a) (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend

1b) (Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called

1c) (Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly

1d) (Hiphil) to avow, to avouch

Aramaic equivalent: a.mar (אֲמַר "to say" H0560)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
HVqp3ms
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
therefore thus he says [the] holy [one] of Israel because have rejected you the word this and you have trusted in oppression and a crooked [thing] and you have depended on it
קְד֣וֹשׁke.Do.osh [the] holy [one] of H6918 Adj
116× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Holy means set apart or sacred, used to describe God, angels, and saints. In the Bible, it is often used to describe things or people dedicated to God's service, like the Temple in Jerusalem or the prophets who spoke on God's behalf.
Tyndale gloss
holy
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word קָדוֹשׁ (*qadosh*) means sacred or holy. It can refer to God, angels, saints, or sanctuaries, indicating a state of being set apart. The entries consistently emphasize its moral and ceremonial significance, with no notable disagreements among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קָדוֹשׁ adj. sacred, holy

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6918 קָדוֹשׁ sacred, holy

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6918 qadowsh kaw-doshe'

or qadosh {kaw-doshe'}; from 6942; sacred (ceremonially or

morally); (as noun) God (by eminence), an angel, a saint, a

sanctuary:--holy (One), saint.

see HEBREW for 06942

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קָדוֹשׁ (qa.dosh) — holy.

: holy

sacred, holy, Holy One, saint, set apart

קָדוֹשׁ (qa.dosh) — holy: saint.

: saint/priest

sacred, holy, Holy One, saint, set apart

A sub-meaning of qa.dosh (קָדוֹשׁ ": holy" H6918)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAamsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

therefore thus he says [the] holy [one] of Israel because have rejected you the word this and you have trusted in oppression and a crooked [thing] and you have depended on it
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'El Israel H3478 Noun proper
2,508× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Israel is the symbolic name of Jacob, also referring to his descendants. Jacob, son of Isaac and Rebekah, had 12 sons who became the tribes of Israel, as told in Genesis 25:26. His story is crucial to the Bible's narrative.
Amplified meaning
set apart, sacred, the symbolic name of Jacob, God's chosen people
Tyndale gloss
Israel
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisra'el) refers to both the second name of Jacob, meaning 'God prevails,' and the name of the Hebrew nation descended from him. It is derived from roots meaning 'to rule' and 'God.' The term encompasses Jacob's descendants and is used historically for the northern kingdom of Israel and the nation as a whole after the Babylonian exile.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יִשְׂרָאֵל 2507 n.pr.m. et gent. Israel (Ēl persisteth, persevereth)

n.pr.m. second name of Jacob

n.pr.gent. name of Hebrew nation

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3478 יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel (Ēl persisteth, persevereth) . n. pr. m. second name of Jacob

. n. pr. gent. name of Hebrew nation

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3478 Yisra'el yis-raw-ale'

from 8280 and 410; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical

name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity:

--Israel.

see HEBREW for 08280

see HEBREW for 0410

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יִשְׂרָאֵל (yis.ra.el) — Israel.

A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.26;

son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259);

brother of: Esau (H6215); married to Rachel (H7354), Leah (H3812), Zilpah (H2153) and Bilhah (H1090A);

father of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144); also called Jacob frequently

§ Israel = "God prevails"

1) the second name for Jacob given to him by God after his wrestling with the angel at Peniel

2) the name of the descendants and the nation of the descendants of Jacob

2a) the name of the nation until the death of Solomon and the split

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

iz'-ra-el.

See JACOB.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Israel

The name conferred on Jacob after the great prayer-struggle at Peniel (Gen. 32:28), because “as a prince he had power with God and prevailed.” (See JACOB.) This is the common name given to Jacob’s descendants. The whole people of the twelve tribes are called “Israelites,” the “children of Israel” (Josh. 3:17; 7:25; Judg. 8:27; Jer. 3:21), and the “house of Israel” (Ex. 16:31; 40:38).

This name Israel is sometimes used emphatically for the true Israel (Ps. 73:1: Isa. 45:17; 49:3;

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(the prince that prevails with God). The name given, (Genesis 32:28) to Jacob after his wrestling with the angel, (Hosea 12:4) at Peniel. Gesenius interprets Israel "soldier of God." It became the national name of the twelve tribes collectively. They are so called in (Exodus 3:16) and afterward. It is used in a narrower sense, excluding Judah, in (1 Samuel 11:8; 2 Samuel 20:1; 1 Kings 12:16) Thenceforth it was assumed and accepted as the name of the northern kingdom. After the Babylonian captivity, the returned exiles resumed the name Israel as the designation of…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

Who prevails with God, a name given to Jacob, after having wrestled with the Angel-Jehovah at Penuel. Ge 32:1,2,28,30 Ho 12:3. See JACOB. By the name Israel is sometimes understood all the posterity of Israel, the seed of Jacob, 1Co 10:18; sometimes all true believers, his spiritual seed, Ro 9:6; and sometimes the kingdom of Israel, or the ten tribes, as distinct from the kingdom of Judah.

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
therefore thus he says [the] holy [one] of Israel because have rejected you the word this and you have trusted in oppression and a crooked [thing] and you have depended on it
יַ֥עַןYa.'an because H3282 Conjunction
99× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means because or therefore, and is used to show the reason or cause of something, like in a sentence explaining why something happened. It is often translated as because or for in the KJV Bible. This word helps us understand the motivations behind actions.
Amplified meaning
for the reason that
Tyndale gloss
because
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יַעַן (ya`an) is primarily a conjunction or preposition meaning 'because' or 'on account of.' It conveys purpose or intention, indicating reasons or causes in sentences. The entries consistently emphasize its use in this context, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יַעַן 95 prop. subst. purpose, intention, but always used as prep. or conj. on account of, because

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3282 יַעַן prop. subst. purpose, intention, but always used as prep. or conj. on account of, because

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3282 ya`an yah'-an

from an unused root meaning to pay attention; properly, heed;

by implication, purpose (sake or account); used adverbially to

indicate the reason or cause:--because (that), forasmuch (+

as), seeing then, + that, + wheras, + why.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יַעַן (ya.an) — because.

conj

1) because, therefore, because that, on account of

prep

2) because of, on account of

3) why (with interrogative pron)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj — Conjunction
HC
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

be-kos' (hina, "in order that"): "The multitude rebuked them, because (AV; the Revised Version (British and American) "that") they should hold their peace" (Mt 20:31).

therefore thus he says [the] holy [one] of Israel because have rejected you the word this and you have trusted in oppression and a crooked [thing] and you have depended on it
מָֽאָסְכֶ֖םma.'a.se.Khem have rejected you H3988 Verb qal infinitive construct common · suffix
76× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To spurn or reject something is what this Hebrew word means. In Genesis 37:35, it is used to describe how Jacob felt when his sons told him Joseph had died.
Amplified meaning
spurned, despised
Tyndale gloss
to reject
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מָאַס (ma'ac) is a Hebrew verb primarily meaning to reject or despise. It can also denote the action of flowing or running in its Niph'al form. The entries highlight its usage in contexts of refusal and disdain, with no significant disagreement among lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[מָאַס] vb. reject

Qal

reject, refuse

despise

Niph. be rejected

base

[מָאַס] vb. Niph. flow, run

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3988a מָאַס reject H3988b מָאַס Niph. flow, run

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3988 ma'ac maw-as'

a primitive root; to spurn; also (intransitively) to

disappear:--abhor, cast away (off), contemn, despise, disdain,

(become) loathe(some), melt away, refuse, reject, reprobate, X

utterly, vile person.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מָאַס (ma.as) — to reject.

1) to reject, despise, refuse

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to reject, refuse

1a2) to despise

1b) (Niphal) to be rejected

מָאַס (ma.as) — to flow.

(Niphal) to flow, run

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Inf-a | Suff — Verb qal infinitive construct common · suffix
HVqcc/Sp2mp
therefore thus he says [the] holy [one] of Israel because have rejected you the word this and you have trusted in oppression and a crooked [thing] and you have depended on it
בַּדָּבָ֣רba.da.Var the word H1697 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
1,442× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A word or thing, like a matter or affair, as seen in the book of Chronicles where it refers to the events and words of kings. It can also mean a cause or reason for something.
Amplified meaning
word, thing
Tyndale gloss
Chronicles
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

דָּבָר (dabar) means 'word' or 'speech' and encompasses a range of meanings including discourse, saying, and matter. It can refer to anything spoken or a topic of discussion, extending to concepts like business or affairs. The entries consistently highlight its use in various contexts, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicographers.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

דָּבָר 1439 n.m. speech, word

sg. speech, discourse, saying, word, as the sum of that which is spoken

sg. saying, utterance, sentence, as a section of a discourse

sg. a word, words

sg. matter, affair, thing about which one speaks

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1697 דָּבָר speech, word . sg. speech, discourse, saying, word, as the sum of that which is spoken

. sg. saying, utterance, sentence, as a section of a discourse

. sg. a word, words

. sg. matter, affair, thing about which one speaks

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1697 dabar daw-baw'

from 1696; a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or

thing; adverbially, a cause:--act, advice, affair, answer, X

any such (thing), because of, book, business, care, case,

cause, certain rate, + chronicles, commandment, X

commune(-ication), + concern(-ing), + confer, counsel, +

dearth, decree, deed, X disease, due, duty, effect, +

eloquent, errand, (evil favoured-)ness, + glory, + harm, hurt,

+ iniquity, + judgment, language, + lying, manner, matter,

message, (no) thing, oracle, X ought, X parts, + pertaining, +

please, portion, + power, promise, provision, purpose,

question, rate, reason, report, request, X (as hast) said,

sake, saying, sentence, + sign, + so, some (uncleanness),

somewhat to say, + song, speech, X spoken, talk, task, + that,

X there done, thing (concerning), thought, + thus, tidings,

what(-soever), + wherewith, which, word, work.

see HEBREW for 01696

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

דָּבָר (da.var) — word.

: word/speech/command

1) speech, word, speaking, thing

1a) speech

1b) saying, utterance

1c) word, words

1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)

דָּבָר (da.var) — word: speaking.

: speaking

1) speech, word, speaking, thing

1a) speech

1b) saying, utterance

1c) word, words

1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)

דָּבָר (da.var) — word: thing.

: thing/matter

1) speech, word, speaking, thing

1a) speech

1b) saying, utterance

1c) word, words

1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)

דָּבָר (da.var) — word: promised.

: promised/duty

1) speech, word, speaking, thing

1a) speech

1b) saying, utterance

1c) word, words

1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)

דָּבָר (da.var) — word: deed.

: deed

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HRd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

wurd: The commonest term in the Old Testament for "word" is dabhar (also "matter" "thing"); in the New Testament logos ("reason," "discourse," "speech"); but also frequently rhema. Rhema is a "word" in itself considered; logos is a spoken word, with reference generally to that which is in the speaker's mind. Some of the chief applications of the terms may thus be exhibited:

(1) We have the word of Yahweh (or God; see below)

(a) as the revelation to the patriarch, prophet, or inspired person (Ge 15:1; Ex 20:1; Nu 22:38, etc.);

(b) as spoken forth by the prophet (Ex 4:30; 34:1; 2Ki 7:1;

One of the titles of the second person of the Trinity, indicating perhaps that by his acts and teachings God is revealed, somewhat as thought is by words, 1Jo 1:1 5:7 Re 19:13. "The word of the Lord" was a common phrase in the Old Testament, always denoting some revelation of Jehovah. Long before the coming of Christ, the Jewish paraphrasts of the Bible used "The Word" in the passage where Jehovah occurred in the original; and the term was familiar to Jewish writers as the name of a divine being, the Son of God.

To show its true meaning and its application to our Savior, was of great importance to John, the last of the inspired writers, in whose later years certain errors as to the person of Christ, borrowed from Eastern philosophy, had begun to creep into the Christian church. He describes "The Word" as a personal and divine Being…

Nave's Topical Bible

→ A title of Jesus Joh 1:1,14; 1Jo 5:7; Re 19:13

→ See JESUS, NAMES OF

therefore thus he says [the] holy [one] of Israel because have rejected you the word this and you have trusted in oppression and a crooked [thing] and you have depended on it
הַזֶּ֑הha.Zeh this H2088 Particle · particle
1,180× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word is a pronoun meaning this or that, used to point out a specific person or thing. It appears in many contexts, including Genesis and Psalms, to indicate something specific. The KJV translates it as he, here, or it.
Tyndale gloss
this
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

זֶה (zeh) is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'here.' It can stand alone, be used appositively, or function as a predicate. The word can also attach enclitically to interrogative pronouns, adding emphasis and directness. In poetry, it may serve as a relative pronoun, though this usage is rare.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

זֶה demonstr.pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here

standing alone

In appos. to subst.

More oft. as pred.

It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.

In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)

With prefixes (in special senses)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2088 זֶה demonstr. pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here . standing alone

. In appos. to subst.

. More oft. as pred.

. It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.

. In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)

. With prefixes (in special senses)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2088 zeh zeh

a primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this

or that:--he, X hence, X here, it(-self), X now, X of him, the

one...the other, X than the other, (X out of) the (self) same,

such (a one) that, these, this (hath, man), on this side...on

that side, X thus, very, which. Compare 2063, 2090, 2097,

2098.

see HEBREW for 02063

see HEBREW for 02090

see HEBREW for 02097

see HEBREW for 02098

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

זֶה (zeh) — this.

1) this, this one, here, which, this...that, the one...the other, another, such

1a) (alone)

1a1) this one

1a2) this...that, the one...the other, another

1b) (appos to subst)

1b1) this

1c) (as predicate)

1c1) this, such

1d) (enclitically)

1d1) then

1d2) who, whom

1d3) how now, what now

1d4) what now

1d5) wherefore now

1d6) behold here

1d7) just now

1d8) now, now already

1e) (poetry)

1e1) wherein, which, those who

1f) (with prefixes)

1f1) in this (place) here, then

1f2) on these conditions, herewith, thus provided, by, through this, for this cause, in this matter

1f3) thus and thus

1f4) as follows, things such as these, accordingly, to that effect, in like manner, thus and thus

1f5) from here, hence, on one side...on the other side

1f6) on this account

1f7) in spite of this, which, whence, how

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | Pron — Particle · particle
HTd/Tm
therefore thus he says [the] holy [one] of Israel because have rejected you the word this and you have trusted in oppression and a crooked [thing] and you have depended on it
וַֽתִּבְטְחוּ֙va.tiv.te.Chu and you have trusted H982 Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect second person masculine plural
120× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To trust means to have confidence or faith in something or someone, like the Israelites trusting in God to lead them through the desert, as seen in Psalm 23.
Amplified meaning
having confidence, faith
Tyndale gloss
to trust
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בָּטַח (batach) is a Hebrew verb meaning to trust or have confidence. It conveys a sense of security and boldness, both in a personal sense and when causing others to feel secure. The entries indicate its use in different forms, such as Qal and Hiphil, covering aspects of trust and confidence.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בָּטַח vb. trust

Qal

trust

be confident

Hiph. cause to trust, make secure

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H982 בָּטַח trust . trust

. be confident

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

982 batach baw-takh'

a primitive root; properly, to hie for refuge (but not so

precipitately as 2620); figuratively, to trust, be confident

or sure:--be bold (confident, secure, sure), careless (one,

woman), put confidence, (make to) hope, (put, make to) trust.

see HEBREW for 02620

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בָּטַח (ba.tach) — to trust.

1) to trust

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to trust, trust in

1a2) to have confidence, be confident

1a3) to be bold

1a4) to be secure

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to cause to trust, make secure

2) (TWOT) to feel safe, be careless

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-2mp — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect second person masculine plural
Hc/Vqw2mp
therefore thus he says [the] holy [one] of Israel because have rejected you the word this and you have trusted in oppression and a crooked [thing] and you have depended on it
בְּעֹ֣שֶׁקbe.'O.shek in oppression H6233 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
15× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Oppression refers to injury or fraud, often resulting in unjust gain. It is described in the Bible as a form of distress or extortion, such as in the book of Exodus.
Amplified meaning
injury, fraud
Tyndale gloss
oppression
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עֹ֫שֶׁק (osheq) refers to oppression and extortion, encompassing concepts of injury and unjust gain. It is derived from the root word for injury and conveys a sense of distress and deceitful acquisition. The term is used in contexts related to cruel treatment and wrongful gain.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עֹ֫שֶׁק oppression, extortion

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6233 עֹ֫שֶׁק oppression, extortion

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6233 `osheq o'-shek

from 6231; injury, fraud, (subjectively) distress,

(concretely) unjust gain:--cruelly, extortion, oppression,

thing (deceitfully gotten).

see HEBREW for 06231

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עֹ֫שֶׁק (o.sheq) — oppression.

1) oppression, extortion, injury

1a) oppression

1b) extortion

1c) gain by extortion

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HR/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

o-presh'-un: Used in the King James Version to translate a variety of Hebrew words, all of which, however, agree in the general sense of wrong done by violence to others. There are a few cases where the reference is to the oppression of Israel by foreigners, as by their Egyptian masters (Ex 3:9; De 26:7), or by Syria (2Ki 13:4), or by an unmentioned nation (Isa 30:20 King James Version, margin). In all these cases the Hebrew original is lachats. But in the vast number of cases the reference is to social oppression of one kind or another within Israel's own body. It is frequently theme of psalmist and prophet and wise man. The poor and weak must have suffered greatly at the…

Nave's Topical Bible

→ God is a refuge from Ps 9:9

→ Prayers against Ps 17:9; 44:24; 119:121,134; Isa 38:14

→ God's help promised against Ps 12:5; 72:4,14; Jer 50:34

→ God will judge Ps 103:6; Ec 5:8; Isa 10; Jer 22:17; Eze 22:7; Am 4:1; Mic 2:2; Mal 3:5;

therefore thus he says [the] holy [one] of Israel because have rejected you the word this and you have trusted in oppression and a crooked [thing] and you have depended on it
וְנָל֔וֹזve.na.Loz and a crooked [thing] H3868 Conjunction · verb niphal participle (active) masculine singular
6× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to turn aside or be perverse, like departing from what is right. It appears in the Bible to describe someone who goes against God's ways. In the KJV, it is translated as depart, froward, or perverse.
Amplified meaning
perverseness, dishonesty
Tyndale gloss
be devious
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לוּז (luwz) is a Hebrew verb meaning to turn aside or depart. It can describe both a literal departure and a figurative sense of being devious or perverse. The word appears primarily in poetic contexts, often emphasizing the importance of not straying from wisdom or guidance.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[לוּז] vb. (poet., mostly WsdLt) turn aside, depart

Qal let them not (i.e. sound wisdom) depart from thine eyes

Niph. fig., devious, crooked

Hiph. let them [my words] not depart from thine eyes (strictly, let them not practice, exhibit, deviation)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3868 [לוּז] (poet., mostly WsdLt) turn aside, depart .let them not (i.e. sound wisdom) depart from thine eyes

. fig., devious, crooked

. let them [my words] not depart from thine eyes (strictly, let them not practice, exhibit, deviation)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3868 luwz looz

a primitive root; to turn aside (compare 3867, 3874 and

3885), i.e. (literally) to depart, (figuratively) be

perverse:--depart, froward, perverse(-ness).

see HEBREW for 03867

see HEBREW for 03874

see HEBREW for 03885

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לוּז (luz) — be devious.

1) to depart, turn aside

1a) (Qal) to depart

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to go wrong, go crooked

1b2) devious, perverse (participle)

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to be lost from view

1c2) to become devious

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Niphal — Conjunction · verb niphal participle (active) masculine singular
HC/VNrmsa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
therefore thus he says [the] holy [one] of Israel because have rejected you the word this and you have trusted in oppression and a crooked [thing] and you have depended on it
וַתִּֽשָּׁעֲנ֖וּva.ti.sha.'a.Nu and you have depended H8172 Verb · Niphal · sequential imperfect second person masculine plural
22× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To lean means to support oneself or trust in something, like God. In Psalm 37:7, it means to rest in the Lord and wait patiently for Him. This concept is central to the biblical idea of trust and faith.
Amplified meaning
leaning, supporting
Tyndale gloss
to lean
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁעַן (sha`an) is a Hebrew verb primarily meaning to lean or support oneself. It is noted in the Niphal form, indicating a reflexive action of relying or trusting, particularly in a figurative sense of trusting in God. The entries consistently emphasize the themes of leaning and support.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[שָׁעַן] vb. Niph. lean, support oneself

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8172 שָׁעַן Niph. lean, support oneself

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8172 sha`an shaw-an'

a primitive root; to support one's self:--lean, lie, rely,

rest (on, self), stay.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁעַן (sha.an) — to lean.

1) to lean on, trust in, support

1a) (Niphal) to lean, lean upon, support oneself

1a1) of trust in God (fig)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Niphal-ConsecImperf-2mp — Verb · Niphal · sequential imperfect second person masculine plural
Hc/VNw2mp
therefore thus he says [the] holy [one] of Israel because have rejected you the word this and you have trusted in oppression and a crooked [thing] and you have depended on it
עָלָֽיו׃'a.Lav on it H5921 Preposition · suffix
5,774× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Tyndale gloss
upon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

עַל, עָ֑ל

subst. height

As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed

of clothing, etc., which any one wears

With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears

. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5921 `al al

properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the

singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a

particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always

in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great

variety of applications (as follow):--above, according

to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because

of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both

and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in

(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,

through(-out), to, touching, X with.

see HEBREW for 05920

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַל (al) — upon.

prep

1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards

1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)

1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)

1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)

1e) over (of suspension or extension)

1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)

1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)

1h) to (as a dative)

[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.

conj

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp3ms
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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