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Isaiah 8:12 — Word Study

Depth

WLCלֹא־ תֹאמְר֣וּן קֶ֔שֶׁר לְכֹ֧ל אֲשֶׁר־ יֹאמַ֛ר הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה קָ֑שֶׁר וְאֶת־ מוֹרָא֥וֹ לֹֽא־ תִֽירְא֖וּ וְלֹ֥א תַעֲרִֽיצוּ׃

BSADo notlôʼ [refuse to, by no means] callʼâmar conspiracyqesher [a secret alliance, unlawful plot] everythingkôl thesezeh peopleʻam [the nation, this crowd] regardʼâmar as conspiracyqesher [a confederacy, evil plan] Do notlôʼ [neither, nor] fearyârêʼ [be afraid of, dread] what they fearmôwrâʼ [are terrified of, revere] do notlôʼ [by no means] live in dreadʻârats [tremble with fear, be terrified]

Word
Listen & take awayIsaiah 8
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 12 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ta.'a.Ri.tzu) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Isaiah 8:12quick helps
In a sentenceIsaiah instructs the people not to label their fears as conspiracies and not to be afraid.
Who is speakingThe LORD, addressing the people through Isaiah.
Where we areIn a prophetic warning against the fears and misconceptions of the people.
The hard wordקֶשֶׁר
Take awayFear should be directed only toward God, not toward the conspiracies of men.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbאָמַר The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Isaiah 8:12

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — A Warning Against Feargenerated

11For this is what the LORD has spoken to me with a strong hand, instructing me not to walk in the way of this people:
12“Do not call conspiracy everything these people regard as conspiracy. Do not fear what they fear; do not live in dread.
13The LORD of Hosts is the One you shall regard as holy. Only He should be feared; only He should be dreaded.
14And He will be a sanctuary— but to both houses of Israel a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense, to the dwellers of Jerusalem a trap and a snare.

Isaiah 8:12 warns the people not to label as conspiracy what they see around them, urging them instead to focus their fear and reverence solely on God. This passage is part of a larger message where God reassures His people of His sovereignty amidst their fears and the tumultuous circumstances they face.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Isaiah 7:2–6When it was reported to the house of David that Aram was in league with Ephraim, the hearts of Ahaz and his people trembled like trees in the forest shaken by the wind.
2Isaiah 51:12–13“I, even I, am He who comforts you. Why should you be afraid of mortal man, of a son of man who withers like grass?
32 Kings 16:5–7Then Rezin king of Aram and Pekah son of Remaliah king of Israel came up to wage war against Jerusalem. They besieged Ahaz but could not overcome him.
4Isaiah 7:4and say to him: Calm down and be quiet. Do not be afraid or disheartened over these two smoldering stubs of firewood—over the fierce anger of Rezin and Aram and of the son of Remaliah.
5Isaiah 57:9–11You went to Molech with oil and multiplied your perfumes. You have sent your envoys a great distance; you have descended even to Sheol itself.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word קֶשֶׁר, Ke.shergenerated

The noun קֶשֶׁר (qesher) refers to a conspiracy or unlawful alliance, often with negative implications. It describes secretive agreements that may lead to treachery or harm, as seen in historical contexts like the conspiracy against King Solomon in 1 Kings 1:5-40.

In this verse, the use of קֶשֶׁר emphasizes the futility of fearing what others may conspire against them. Instead, the focus is redirected to a proper fear of God, who is the true source of authority and safety.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb of the verse is יֹאמַר (yo.mar), it is saying, which governs the phrases that follow. The structure is built around the negation of what the people should not say or fear, with multiple clauses elaborating on these prohibitions.

The syntax emphasizes a clear directive: the people are to refrain from calling things conspiracies and from fearing what others fear, reinforcing the message of turning their fear towards God alone.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates קֶשֶׁר as σκληρόν (sklēron), which carries a connotation of harshness or severity. This choice reflects a broader interpretation of the conspiracies as not only secretive but also potentially dangerous.

This rendering indicates a heightened sense of caution regarding the conspiracies, aligning with the overall warning given in the Hebrew text.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Isaiah 8:12 instructs the people not to call everything they fear a conspiracy, urging them instead to focus their fear on God alone. This passage emphasizes the importance of trusting in God's sovereignty rather than being swayed by the fears of the crowd.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean to not call conspiracy what others call conspiracy?

It means to avoid labeling fears and suspicions as conspiracies, recognizing that such labels can lead to unnecessary anxiety and distraction from trusting in God.

Why does God tell the people not to fear what others fear?

God instructs them to focus their reverence and fear solely on Him, who is the ultimate authority, rather than being swayed by the fears of the crowd.

How can this verse apply to modern fears?

This verse encourages individuals to discern between legitimate concerns and unfounded fears, urging them to place their trust in God rather than societal anxieties.

What is the significance of fearing God in this context?

Fearing God signifies recognizing His power and authority, which provides true security and peace, contrasting with the fleeting fears of human conspiracies.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What fears do I need to bring before God instead of allowing them to consume me?
  2. How can I discern between legitimate concerns and unfounded fears in my life?
  3. In what ways can I encourage others to trust in God rather than fear what the world fears?
  4. How does understanding God's sovereignty help me face my fears?

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Isaiah 8:12 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Say ye not, a confederacy,.... With the king of Assyria, or any other; do not cry it up as a right thing, and express pleasure and satisfaction in it, and encourage others to come into it, and vote

Read John Gill on Isaiah 8 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Say ye not, A confederacy, to all them to whom this people shall say, A confederacy; neither fear ye their fear, nor be afraid. The words of Yahweh. Verse 12. Say ye not, A confederacy - rather.

Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 8 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Say ye not, thou, Isaiah, and thine and my children, A confederacy; do not approve of or consent to this wicked design of making a confederacy with the king of Assyria. Their fear; that thing which they fear, that if they do not call in the Assyrian succours, they shall certainly be destroyed by those two potent kings united against them, and that God either cannot or will not deliver them.

Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 8 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Isaiah 8:12 Say ye not, A confederacy, to all [them to] whom this people shall say, A confederacy; neither fear ye their fear, nor be afraid.Ver. 12. Say ye not a confederacy.] A confederacy, a confederacy - scil., between Syria and Samaria - is made against us; this was vox populi, voice of the people, all the talk in those days, and everybody’ s mouth was full of it, and heart afraid of it. But say ye not so, comply not, consent not; chime not in with the spirits and speeches of other men. Away with all such despairing language. For help against which,

Read John Trapp on Isaiah 8 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(12) Say ye not, A confederacy . . .—The words have been very differently interpreted. (1) The confederacy has been thought to be that between Syria or Ephraim, which had at first filled the people with terror, and then had seemed so powerful that men had been willing to join it (Isaiah 7:2; Isaiah 8:6). (2) Translating the word as conspiracy as in 2 Kings 17:4—it was the word used by Athaliah when she cried, “Treason, treason!” (2 Chronicles 23:13)—interpreters have seen in it the cry of the Assyrian alliance party against the prophet and his followers, whom they accused of conspiracy against their country, such as was afterwards imputed to Jeremiah (Jeremiah 37:14). (3) Others, following…

Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 8 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 12. Say ye not, A confederacy - "Say ye not, It is holy"] קשר kesher. Both the reading and the sense of this word are doubtful. The Septuagint manifestly read קשה kashah; for they render it by σκληρον, hard. The Syriac and Chaldee render it מרדא merda, and מרוד merod, rebellion. How they came by this sense of the word, or what they read in their copies, is not so clear. But the worst of it is, that neither of these readings or renderings gives any clear sense in this place. For why should God forbid his faithful servants to say with the unbelieving Jews, It is hard; or, There is a rebellion; or, as our translators render it, a confederacy? And how can this be called "walking in the…

Read AdamClarke on Isaiah 8 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

12. A confederacy] Strictly: A conspiracy (R.V.). But the word “conspiracy” does not necessarily imply (as some have thought) treason within the state. It may be used (as the verb is in Nehemiah 4:2) of an external coalition threatening the integrity of the commonwealth. On the whole this seems to give the best sense here. The “conspiracy” is the Syro-Ephraimitish alliance, which Isaiah and his adherents are warned not to treat as a serious danger. Another explanation is that Isaiah and his party were suspected of treasonable complicity in the designs of the allies (cf. Jeremiah 37:13); but did they need a supernatural revelation to tell them that that charge was false? The word has also…

Read Cambridge on Isaiah 8 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Say ye not - Do not join in their purposes of forming a confederacy.

Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 8 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

“Do not call conspiracy everything these people regard as conspiracy. Do not fear what they fear; do not live in dread.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

“Don’t call a conspiracy all that this people call a conspiracy. Don’t fear their threats or be terrorized.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

“Do not call conspiracy everything these people regard as conspiracy. Do not fear what they fear; do not live in dread.

NETBNew English Translation2006

“Do not say, ‘Conspiracy,’ every time these people say the word. Don’t be afraid of what scares them; don’t be terrified.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Say ye not, A confederacy, to all them to whom this people shall say, A confederacy; neither fear ye their fear, nor be afraid.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Say ye not, A conspiracy, concerning all whereof this people shall say, A conspiracy; neither fear ye their fear, nor be in dread thereof.

RVARevised Version, American1894

Say ye not, A conspiracy, concerning all whereof this people shall say, A conspiracy; neither fear ye their fear, nor be in dread thereof.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Say ye not, A confederacy, to all them to whom this people shall say, A confederacy; neither fear ye their fear, nor be afraid.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Say ye not, A confederacie to all them, to whome this people sayth a confederacie, neither feare you their feare, nor be afrayd of them.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Ye shall not say, Conspiracy, of everything of which this people saith, Conspiracy; and fear ye not their fear, and be not in dread.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

'Ye do not say, A confederacy, To all to whom this people saith, A confederacy, And its fear ye do not fear, Nor declare fearful.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

“You do not say, A confederacy, || To all to whom this people says, A confederacy, || And its fear you do not fear, || Nor declare fearful.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Call ye not a conspiracy all that this people may call a conspiracy, and what it feareth shall ye not fear, and be not terrified [thereat].

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Do not call conspiracy anything that this people calls conspiracy, you will not fear what they fear, and do not be terrified.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Say ye not: A conspiracy: for all that this people speaketh, is a conspiracy: neither fear ye their fear, nor be afraid.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Don't call a conspiracy everything that these people call a conspiracy. Don't fear what they fear. Don't be overawed!

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Do not say, It is holy, about everything of which this people says, It is holy; and do not be in fear of what they go in fear of.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseadverbialלֹאnotverb phrase · verbתֹאמְר֣וּyouןmust.sayobjectקֶ֔שֶׁרconspiracyprepositional phrase · prepositionalלְofnoun phraseכֹ֧לallrelpאֲשֶׁרthatclauseverbיֹאמַ֛רit.is.sayingnoun phrase · subjectהָthenoun phraseעָ֥םpeopleadjective phraseהַ(the)זֶּ֖הthisobjectקָ֑שֶׁרconspiracyוְandclauseclausenoun phrase · objectאֶת(et)noun phraseמוֹרָא֥fearוֹitsadverbialלֹֽאnotverbתִֽירְא֖וּyou.must.fearוְandclauseadverbialלֹ֥אnotverbתַעֲרִֽיצוּyou.must.regard.with.awe

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text is supported by the Septuagint and the Dead Sea Scrolls, which largely agree with the wording and structure of the verse. The 1Qisaa scroll contains a nearly complete match, while the 4Q59 and 4Q65 scrolls show some variations due to restoration but maintain the core message.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

לֹא־ תֹאמְר֣וּן קֶ֔שֶׁר לְכֹ֧ל אֲשֶׁר־ יֹאמַ֛ר הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה קָ֑שֶׁר וְאֶת־ מוֹרָא֥וֹ לֹֽא־ תִֽירְא֖וּ וְלֹ֥א תַעֲרִֽיצוּ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
לֹא־μήποτεתֹאמְר֣וּןεἴπητεקֶ֔שֶׁרσκληρόνלְכֹ֧לγάρאֲשֶׁר־הָעָ֥םλαὸςהַזֶּ֖הοὗτοςוְאֶת־δὲמוֹרָא֥וֹαὐτοῦלֹֽא־οὐתִֽירְא֖וּφοβηθῆτεוְלֹ֥אμὴתַעֲרִֽיצוּ׃ταραξθῆτε

13 of the 15 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 1Qisaaa copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

לוא תאמרו קשר לכול אשר יואמר העמ הזה קשר ואת מורא׳ו לוא תיראו ולוא תעריצו

15 words on the leather.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q59a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

[לא] תאמרו׳ן קשר לכל [אשר] יאמר העם [הזה] [קשר] [ואת] [מורא׳ו] [לא] [תיראו] [ולא] [תעריצו]

3 words on the leather — 2 partly restored, 10 supplied entire by an editor.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q65a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

לוא [תאמרו׳ן] [קשר] [לכל] [אשר] [יאמר] [העם] [הזה] [קשר] ואת מורא׳ו לוא תיראו [ותעריצו]

14 words of the verse are on this fragment — 9 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Isaiah 8:12לֹאnotnotלֹאאָמַרyou must sayou must say !אָמַרקֶ֫שֶׁרconspiracyconspiracyקֶ֫שֶׁרכֹּלof allof allכֹּלאֲשֶׁרthatthatאֲשֶׁראָמַרit is sayinit is sayingאָמַרעַםthe peoplethe peopleעַםזֶהthisthisזֶהקֶ֫שֶׁרconspiracyconspiracyקֶ֫שֶׁראֵתand the objand the object אֵתמוֹרָאfear itsfear itsמוֹרָאלֹאnotnotלֹאיָרֵאyou must feyou must fearיָרֵאלֹאand notand notלֹאעָרַץyou must reyou must regardעָרַץקָשַׁרto conspirto conspireקָשַׁרכָּלַלto perfectto perfectכָּלַלעָמַםto darkento darkenעָמַםאוֹתsign: mirasign: miraculouאוֹתיָרֵאto fearto fearיָרֵאזֶהthisthisזֶהזֹהthisthisזֹהיָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלעוֹדstillstillעוֹדכֹּהthusthusכֹּהיהוהYHWH/GodYHWH/Godיהוהעֵדָהcongregaticongregationעֵדָהעֲבֹדָהserviceserviceעֲבֹדָהצָוָהto commandto commandצָוָהאַיwhere?where?אַיהֶ֫בֶלvanityvanityהֶ֫בֶלמִגְרָשׁpasturepastureמִגְרָשׁחָזָקstrongstrongחָזָק
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 8:12

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
לֹא־lo'- not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Amplified meaning
refuse to, by no means
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
תֹאמְר֣וּןtom.Run you must say ! H559 Verb qal imperfect second person masculine plural · suffix
5,309× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to say or speak, and it's used in many different ways in the Bible. It can mean to command, promise, or think, and it's translated in the KJV as 'answer', 'appoint', or 'command'.
Tyndale gloss
to say
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָמַר (amar) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to say' or 'to utter,' with a broad range of uses including to promise, command, or even boast. It appears in various forms, such as in the Qal (to say), Niphal (to be told), and Hiphil (to avow). The entries highlight its versatility in both spoken and internal contexts, though no specific verse is noted.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָמַר 5287 vb. utter, say

Qal

Say

Say in the heart (= think)

Promise

Command (esp. late)

Niph. be said, told

Hiph. avow, avouch (lit. cause to declare)

Hithp. act proudly, boast

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H559 אָמַר utter, say .. Say

. Say in the heart (= think)

. Promise

. Command (esp. late)

. be said, told

. avow, avouch (lit. cause to declare)

. act proudly, boast

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

559 'amar aw-mar'

a primitive root; to say (used with great

latitude):--answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call,

certify, challenge, charge, + (at the, give) command(-ment),

commune, consider, declare, demand, X desire, determine, X

expressly, X indeed, X intend, name, X plainly, promise,

publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), X still, X

suppose, talk, tell, term, X that is, X think, use (speech),

utter, X verily, X yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָמַר (a.mar) — to say.

1) to say, speak, utter

1a) (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend

1b) (Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called

1c) (Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly

1d) (Hiphil) to avow, to avouch

Aramaic equivalent: a.mar (אֲמַר "to say" H0560)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-2mp | Suff — Verb qal imperfect second person masculine plural · suffix
HVqi2mp/Sn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
קֶ֔שֶׁרKe.sher conspiracy H7195 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
16× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This noun describes an unlawful alliance, like the conspiracy against King Solomon in 1 Kings 1:5-40. The KJV Bible translates it as confederacy or conspiracy.
Amplified meaning
a secret alliance, unlawful plot
Tyndale gloss
conspiracy
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

קֶ֫שֶׁר (qesher) refers to a conspiracy or an unlawful alliance, often associated with treason. It is derived from the root word found in H7194. The entries consistently emphasize its negative connotations, indicating a secretive or illicit agreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קֶ֫שֶׁר n.m. conspiracy

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7195 קֶ֫שֶׁר conspiracy

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7195 qesher keh'-sher

from 7194; an (unlawful) alliance:--confederacy, conspiracy,

treason.

see HEBREW for 07194

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קֶ֫שֶׁר (qe.sher) — conspiracy.

conspiracy, treason, (unlawful) alliance

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

kon-spir'-a-si.

See CONFEDERACY.

Nave's Topical Bible

→ LAW AGAINST Ex 23:1,2

→ INSTANCES OF

Joseph's brother, against Joseph Ge 37:18-20

Miriam and Aaron, against Moses Nu 12; 14:4; 16:1-35

Abimelech against Gideon's sons Jud 9:1-6

Gaal, against Abimelech Jud 9:23-41

Delilah, against Samson Jud 16:4-21

Abner, against Ish-bosheth 2Sa 3:7-21

Of Absalom 2Sa 15:10-13

Of Jeroboam 1Ki 14:2

Of Baasha 1Ki 15:27

not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
לְכֹ֧לle.Khol of all H3605 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
5,415× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all

with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

Absolutely:

without the art., all things, all

with the art. הַכֹּל

where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all

. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3605 kol kole

or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;

hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a

plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any

(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as

many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,

whoso(-ever).

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, the whole

1a) all, the whole of

1b) any, each, every, anything

1c) totality, everything

Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HR/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.

(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.

(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).

(3) All one, "It is all one" (Job 9:22), "it makes no difference whether I live or die."

(4) At all, "If thy father miss me at all" (1Sa 20:6), "in any way," "in the least."

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
אֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher- that H834 Particle
5,500× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is a conjunction that connects ideas and events in the Bible, like in the book of Genesis, where it's used to describe the relationship between God and His creation.
Tyndale gloss
which
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֲשֶׁר (*asher*) is a relative pronoun that can mean 'who,' 'which,' or 'that.' It serves various grammatical functions, including as an adverb or conjunction, indicating relationships between clauses, places, or conditions. Variants like בַאֲשֶׁר (*ba-asher*), מֵאֲשֶׁר (*me-asher*), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (*ka-asher*) expand its usage to specific contexts such as location, causation, and time.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause.

base

בַאֲשֶׁר

in (that) which

adv. in (the place) where

conj. in that, inasmuch as

on account of whom?

base

מֵאֲשֶׁר

from (or than) that which

adv. from (the place) where

conj. from (the fact) that …, since

base

כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when

according to that which, according as, as

with a causal force, in so far as, since

with a temporal force, when

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H834a אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. H834b בַאֲשֶׁר . in (that) which

. adv. in (the place) where

. conj. in that, inasmuch as

. on account of whom?

H834c מֵאֲשֶׁר . from (or than) that which

. adv. from (the place) where

. conj. from (the fact) that …, since

H834d כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when . according to that which, according as, as

. with a causal force, in so far as, since

. with a temporal force, when

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

834 'aher ash-er'

a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction)

when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X

alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, +

from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which,

wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where

(+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, +

whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is

indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun

expletively, used to show the connection.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֲשֶׁר (a.sher) — which.

A: 1) (relative part.)

1a) which, who

1b) that which

2) (conj)

2a) that (in obj clause)

2b) when

2c) since

2d) as

2e) conditional if

B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which

2) (adv)

2a) where

3) (conj)

3a) in that, inasmuch as

3b) on account of

C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which

2) from (the place) where

3) from (the fact) that, since

D: Kaph+

1) (conj.), according as, as, when

1a) according to that which, according as, as

1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since

1c) with a temporal force: when

בַאֲשֶׁר (ba.a.sher) — in which.

1) in (that) which

2) (adv)

2a) where

3) (conj)

3a) in that, inasmuch as

3b) on account of

מֵאֲשֶׁר (me.a.sher) — whence.

1) from (or than) that which

2) from (the place) where

3) from (the fact) that, since

כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka.a.sher) — as which.

conj

1) according as, as, when

1a) according to that which, according as, as

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTr — Particle
HTr
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
יֹאמַ֛רyo.Mar it is saying H559 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
5,309× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to say or speak, and it's used in many different ways in the Bible. It can mean to command, promise, or think, and it's translated in the KJV as 'answer', 'appoint', or 'command'.
Tyndale gloss
to say
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָמַר (amar) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to say' or 'to utter,' with a broad range of uses including to promise, command, or even boast. It appears in various forms, such as in the Qal (to say), Niphal (to be told), and Hiphil (to avow). The entries highlight its versatility in both spoken and internal contexts, though no specific verse is noted.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָמַר 5287 vb. utter, say

Qal

Say

Say in the heart (= think)

Promise

Command (esp. late)

Niph. be said, told

Hiph. avow, avouch (lit. cause to declare)

Hithp. act proudly, boast

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H559 אָמַר utter, say .. Say

. Say in the heart (= think)

. Promise

. Command (esp. late)

. be said, told

. avow, avouch (lit. cause to declare)

. act proudly, boast

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

559 'amar aw-mar'

a primitive root; to say (used with great

latitude):--answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call,

certify, challenge, charge, + (at the, give) command(-ment),

commune, consider, declare, demand, X desire, determine, X

expressly, X indeed, X intend, name, X plainly, promise,

publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), X still, X

suppose, talk, tell, term, X that is, X think, use (speech),

utter, X verily, X yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָמַר (a.mar) — to say.

1) to say, speak, utter

1a) (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend

1b) (Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called

1c) (Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly

1d) (Hiphil) to avow, to avouch

Aramaic equivalent: a.mar (אֲמַר "to say" H0560)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVqi3ms
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
הָעָ֥םha.'Am the people H5971 Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
1,873× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A people or nation is what this Hebrew word represents, like the nation of Israel in Exodus 33:13. It can also mean a tribe, troops, or attendants, and is used to describe a group of people gathered together. The word is often used to refer to the people of God.
Amplified meaning
the nation, this crowd
Tyndale gloss
Amaw
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עַם (am) primarily means 'people' or 'nation,' referring to a collective group, often in the context of tribes such as those of Israel. It can also denote kinsmen or compatriots. The term appears in various contexts, including military and familial references. There is a mention of a specific individual named Ammi in Song of Solomon 6:12.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עַם, עָם 1810 n.m. people

a people, nation

= smaller units

= common people

people in gen., persons

phrases

base

[עַם] n.[m.] kinsman (on father's side)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5971a עַם, עָם people H5971b עַם kinsman (on father's side)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5971 `am am

from 6004; a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a

tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or

attendants; figuratively, a flock:--folk, men, nation,

people.

see HEBREW for 06004

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַם (am) — people.

: people/nation

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

עַם (am) — kinsman.

kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — Ammi.

A man living at the time of United Monarchy, only mentioned at Sng.6.12

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — People's (Gate).

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — (Ibleam)-am.

Combined with yiv.le.am (יִבְלְעָם "Ibleam" H2991)

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — Amaw.

This name means nation, people

עַם (am) — people: soldiers.

: soldiers/army

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

עַם (am) — people: creatures.

: creatures

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
HTd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (about 2,000 times), with le'om, and goy, next in order; but the various Hebrew words are used with very little or no difference in force (e.g. Pr 14:28; but, on the other hand, in Ps 44 contrast verses 12 and 14). Of the changes introduced by the Revised Version (British and American) the only one of significance (cited explicitly in the Preface to the English Revised Version) is the frequent use of the plural "peoples" (strangely avoided in the King James Version except Re 10:11; 17:15), where other nations than Israel are in question. So, for instance, in Ps…

not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
הַזֶּ֖הha.Zeh this H2088 Particle · particle
1,180× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word is a pronoun meaning this or that, used to point out a specific person or thing. It appears in many contexts, including Genesis and Psalms, to indicate something specific. The KJV translates it as he, here, or it.
Tyndale gloss
this
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

זֶה (zeh) is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'here.' It can stand alone, be used appositively, or function as a predicate. The word can also attach enclitically to interrogative pronouns, adding emphasis and directness. In poetry, it may serve as a relative pronoun, though this usage is rare.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

זֶה demonstr.pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here

standing alone

In appos. to subst.

More oft. as pred.

It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.

In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)

With prefixes (in special senses)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2088 זֶה demonstr. pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here . standing alone

. In appos. to subst.

. More oft. as pred.

. It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.

. In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)

. With prefixes (in special senses)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2088 zeh zeh

a primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this

or that:--he, X hence, X here, it(-self), X now, X of him, the

one...the other, X than the other, (X out of) the (self) same,

such (a one) that, these, this (hath, man), on this side...on

that side, X thus, very, which. Compare 2063, 2090, 2097,

2098.

see HEBREW for 02063

see HEBREW for 02090

see HEBREW for 02097

see HEBREW for 02098

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

זֶה (zeh) — this.

1) this, this one, here, which, this...that, the one...the other, another, such

1a) (alone)

1a1) this one

1a2) this...that, the one...the other, another

1b) (appos to subst)

1b1) this

1c) (as predicate)

1c1) this, such

1d) (enclitically)

1d1) then

1d2) who, whom

1d3) how now, what now

1d4) what now

1d5) wherefore now

1d6) behold here

1d7) just now

1d8) now, now already

1e) (poetry)

1e1) wherein, which, those who

1f) (with prefixes)

1f1) in this (place) here, then

1f2) on these conditions, herewith, thus provided, by, through this, for this cause, in this matter

1f3) thus and thus

1f4) as follows, things such as these, accordingly, to that effect, in like manner, thus and thus

1f5) from here, hence, on one side...on the other side

1f6) on this account

1f7) in spite of this, which, whence, how

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | Pron — Particle · particle
HTd/Tm
not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
קָ֑שֶׁרKa.sher conspiracy H7195 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
16× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This noun describes an unlawful alliance, like the conspiracy against King Solomon in 1 Kings 1:5-40. The KJV Bible translates it as confederacy or conspiracy.
Amplified meaning
a confederacy, evil plan
Tyndale gloss
conspiracy
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

קֶ֫שֶׁר (qesher) refers to a conspiracy or an unlawful alliance, often associated with treason. It is derived from the root word found in H7194. The entries consistently emphasize its negative connotations, indicating a secretive or illicit agreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קֶ֫שֶׁר n.m. conspiracy

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7195 קֶ֫שֶׁר conspiracy

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7195 qesher keh'-sher

from 7194; an (unlawful) alliance:--confederacy, conspiracy,

treason.

see HEBREW for 07194

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קֶ֫שֶׁר (qe.sher) — conspiracy.

conspiracy, treason, (unlawful) alliance

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

kon-spir'-a-si.

See CONFEDERACY.

Nave's Topical Bible

→ LAW AGAINST Ex 23:1,2

→ INSTANCES OF

Joseph's brother, against Joseph Ge 37:18-20

Miriam and Aaron, against Moses Nu 12; 14:4; 16:1-35

Abimelech against Gideon's sons Jud 9:1-6

Gaal, against Abimelech Jud 9:23-41

Delilah, against Samson Jud 16:4-21

Abner, against Ish-bosheth 2Sa 3:7-21

Of Absalom 2Sa 15:10-13

Of Jeroboam 1Ki 14:2

Of Baasha 1Ki 15:27

not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
וְאֶת־ve.'Et and the object marker H853 Conjunction · particle
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/To — Conjunction · particle
HC/To
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
מוֹרָא֥וֹmo.ra.'O fear its H4172 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
12× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Fear or terror, this word is used in the Bible to describe a feeling of awe or dread, often in response to God's power or presence. It is used in the book of Isaiah to describe the fear of God.
Amplified meaning
are terrified of, revere
Tyndale gloss
fear
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מוֹרָא (mowra') refers to fear, terror, and reverence, often in relation to God or awe-inspiring events. It can denote both a feeling of dread and an object of reverence. The related form מוֹרָה (morah) likely means to appoint terror, emphasizing the exhibition of power. The entries consistently highlight these themes without significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מוֹרָא n.m. fear

fear, terror

reverence

object of reverence, esp. God

awe-inspiring spectacle or deed

base

מוֹרָה n.[m.] ψ 9:21, prob. appoint terror (i.e. some awe-inspiring exhibition of power) for them

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4172a מוֹרָא fear . fear, terror

. reverence

. object of reverence, esp. God

. awe-inspiring spectacle or deed

H4172b מוֹרָה prob. appoint terror (i.e. some awe-inspiring exhibition of power) for them

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4172 mowra' mo-raw'

or morat {mo-raw'}; or morah (Psa. 9:20) {mo-raw'}; from

3372; fear; by implication, a fearful thing or deed:--dread,

(that ought to be) fear(-ed), terribleness, terror.

see HEBREW for 03372

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מוֹרָא (mo.ra) — fear.

1) fear, reverence, terror

1a) fear, terror

1b) reverence

1c) object of reverence

1d) awe-inspiring spectacle or deed

Also means: mo.rah (מוֹרָה "fear" H4172B)

מוֹרָה (mo.rah) — fear.

appoint terror (i.e. some awe-inspiring exhibition of power)

Another spelling of mo.ra (מוֹרָא "fear" H4172A)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp3ms
not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
לֹֽא־lo'- not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Amplified meaning
neither, nor
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
תִֽירְא֖וּti.re.'U you must fear H3372 Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine plural
315× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to fear or revere, and is used to describe being afraid or standing in awe of something, like God's power. It appears in the Bible to convey a sense of respect or reverence. In the KJV, it's translated as 'affright' or 'reverence'.
Amplified meaning
be afraid of, dread
Tyndale gloss
to fear
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָרֵא (yare') is a Hebrew verb meaning to fear or be afraid, encompassing a range of meanings from reverence and honor to causing terror. It appears in various forms, including Qal (to fear), Niphal (to be fearful), and Piel (to terrify). The entries highlight its moral and emotional dimensions, emphasizing awe and respect, particularly in relation to the divine.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָרֵא vb. fear

Qal

fear, be afraid

stand in awe of

fear, reverence, honour

Niph.

be fearful, dreadful

cause astonishment and awe

inspire reverence, godly fear, and awe

Piel. make afraid, terrify

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3372 יָרֵא fear .. fear, be afraid

. stand in awe of

. fear, reverence, honour

. . be fearful, dreadful

. cause astonishment and awe

. inspire reverence, godly fear, and awe

. make afraid, terrify

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3372 yare' yaw-ray'

a primitive root; to fear; morally, to revere; caus. to

frighten:--affright, be (make) afraid, dread(-ful), (put in)

fear(-ful, -fully, -ing), (be had in) reverence(-end), X see,

terrible (act, -ness, thing).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָרֵא (ya.re) — to fear.

: frightening(DANGER)

1) to fear, revere, be afraid

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to fear, be afraid

1a2) to stand in awe of, be awed

1a3) to fear, reverence, honour, respect

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be fearful, be dreadful, be feared

1b2) to cause astonishment and awe, be held in awe

1b3) to inspire reverence or godly fear or awe

1c) (Piel) to make afraid, terrify

2) (TWOT) to shoot, pour

יָרֵא (ya.re) — to fear: revere.

: awesome(god)

1) to fear, revere, be afraid

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to fear, be afraid

1a2) to stand in awe of, be awed

1a3) to fear, reverence, honour, respect

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be fearful, be dreadful, be feared

1b2) to cause astonishment and awe, be held in awe

1b3) to inspire reverence or godly fear or awe

1c) (Piel) to make afraid, terrify

2) (TWOT) to shoot, pour

Also means: ya.re (יָרֵא ": frightening" H3372)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-2mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine plural
HVqi2mp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

fer (yir'ah, yare'; phobos, phobeo):

Terms, etc.:

"Fear" is the translation of many words in the Old Testament; the chief are: yir'ah, "fear," "terror," "reverence," "awe," most often "the fear of God," "fear of Yahweh" (Ge 20:11; 2Ch 19:9, etc.); also of "fear" generally (Job 22:4; Isa 7:25; Eze 30:13, etc.); yare', "to be afraid," "to fear," "to reverence" (Ge 15:1; Le 19:3,14; De 6:2, etc.); pachadh, "fear," "terror," "dread" (

not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
וְלֹ֥אve.Lo' and not H3808 Conjunction · particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Amplified meaning
by no means
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Part — Conjunction · particle
HC/Tn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not you must say ! conspiracy of all that it is saying the people this conspiracy and the object marker fear its not you must fear and not you must regard with awe
תַעֲרִֽיצוּ׃ta.'a.Ri.tzu you must regard with awe H6206 Verb · Hiphil · imperfect second person masculine plural
15× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To tremble or dread means to feel fear or be terrified, like being in awe of something or someone, as described in various Bible stories.
Amplified meaning
tremble with fear, be terrified
Tyndale gloss
to tremble
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עָרַץ (arats) is a Hebrew verb meaning to cause to tremble or to feel dread. It encompasses a range of meanings, including inspiring awe, being terrified, and treating something with reverence. The word appears in various forms, such as intransitive and causative, indicating both the act of trembling and the ability to instill fear or awe in others.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[עָרַץ] vb. cause to tremble, tremble (in terror, or awe)

Qal

cause to tremble (i.e. strike with awe)

intrans. tremble, feel dread

Niph. terrible in the company of the holy ones

Hiph.

regard, or treat, with awe, as awful

inspire with awe

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6206 עָרַץ cause to tremble, tremble (in terror, or awe) .. cause to tremble (i.e. strike with awe)

. intrans. tremble, feel dread

. terrible in the company of the holy ones

. . regard, or treat, with awe, as awful

. inspire with awe

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6206 `arats aw-rats'

a primitive root; to awe or (intransitive) to dread; hence,

to harass:--be affrighted (afraid, dread, feared, terrified),

break, dread, fear, oppress, prevail, shake terribly.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָרַץ (a.rats) — to tremble.

1) to tremble, dread, fear, oppress, prevail, break, be terrified, cause to tremble

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to cause to tremble, terrify

1b2) to tremble, feel dread

1b) (Niphal) to be awesome, be terrible

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to regard or treat with awe, regard or treat as awful

1c2) to inspire with awe, terrify

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Imperf-2mp — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect second person masculine plural
HVhi2mp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

o: Fear mingled with reverence and wonder, a state of mind inspired by something terrible or sublime.

In the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American) it occurs in Ps 4:4: "Stand in awe, and sin not" (where the Revised Version, margin has, "Be ye angry," so Septuagint; compare Eph 4:26); Ps 33:8; 119:161. In the following passages the Revised Version (British and American) substitutes "stand in awe" for the King James Version "fear": Ps 22:23 phoboumenoi;

Isa 29:23; 1Sa 18:15; Mal 2:5; and in…

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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