Menu

Judges 1:33 — Word Study

Depth

WLCנַפְתָּלִ֗י לֹֽא־ הוֹרִ֞ישׁ אֶת־ יֹשְׁבֵ֤י בֵֽית־ שֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ וְאֶת־ יֹשְׁבֵ֣י בֵית־ עֲנָ֔ת וַיֵּ֕שֶׁב בְּקֶ֥רֶב הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ וְיֹשְׁבֵ֤י בֵֽית־ שֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ וּבֵ֣ית עֲנָ֔ת הָי֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם לָמַֽס׃ ס

BSANaphtaliNaphtâlîy [a tribe of Israel, descended from Jacob's son] failedlôʼ to drive outyârash [did not dispossess, or expel] the inhabitantsyâshab of Beth-shemeshBêyth Shemesh [Heliopolis, a city of the sun] andʼêth Beth-anathBêyth ʻĂnâth [house of response, or affliction] So [the Naphtalites] also livedyâshab [dwelt, or remained] amongqereb the CanaaniteKᵉnaʻanîy [indigenous, or native] inhabitantsyâshab of the landʼerets [the earth, or territory] but the inhabitantsyâshab of Beth-shemeshBêyth Shemesh and Beth-anathBêyth ʻĂnâth servedhâyâh [became tributaries, or were subjected to forced labor] as forced laborersmaç [taskworkers, or those performing compulsory work]

Word
Listen & take awayJudges 1
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 33 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (la.Mas) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Judges 1:33quick helps
In a sentenceNaphtali did not drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath, leading to their coexistence with the Canaanites.
Who is speakingThe narrator of the book of Judges, recounting the history of Israel.
Where we areIn the context of Israel's conquests and failures in the land.
The hard wordהוֹרִ֞ישׁ
Take awayThe failure to drive out the inhabitants led to a complicated coexistence.
7 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Ellicott & more — read them › clause subjectנַפְתָּלִי verbיָרַשׁ The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Judges 1:33

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Conquests of Naphtaligenerated

32So the Asherites lived among the Canaanite inhabitants of the land, because they did not drive them out.
33Naphtali failed to drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath. So the Naphtalites also lived among the Canaanite inhabitants of the land, but the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath served them as forced laborers.
34The Amorites forced the Danites into the hill country and did not allow them to come down into the plain.
35And the Amorites were determined to dwell in Mount Heres, Aijalon, and Shaalbim. But when the house of Joseph grew in strength, they pressed the Amorites into forced labor.

Judges 1:33 describes how the tribe of Naphtali failed to drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath, resulting in their coexistence with the Canaanites. This passage highlights the challenges faced by the Israelites in fully possessing the land promised to them, as seen in other accounts of conquest in the book of Judges. The narrative emphasizes the consequences of not fully obeying God's commands regarding dispossession of the land, which can be further explored in Judges 1:30 and Judges 1:34.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Joshua 19:32–38The sixth lot came out for the clans of the tribe of Naphtali:
2Judges 1:30–35Zebulun failed to drive out the inhabitants of Kitron and Nahalol; so the Canaanites lived among them and served as forced laborers.
3Psalm 18:24So the LORD has repaid me according to my righteousness, according to the cleanness of my hands in His sight.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 3 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word הוֹרִ֞ישׁ, ho.Rishgenerated

The verb הוֹרִישׁ (ho.Rish) is derived from the root יָרַשׁ (yarash), meaning to possess or dispossess. This specific form is a Hiphil perfect, indicating that the action of dispossession was intended to be completed but ultimately was not.

In this verse, it conveys the failure of Naphtali to take control of the land by driving out its previous inhabitants. This failure has significant implications, as it leads to the Naphtalites living among the Canaanites, which affects their identity and purity as a tribe.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verb הוֹרִ֞ישׁ (ho.Rish) governs the main clause, which describes the failure of Naphtali to dispossess the inhabitants. This action is followed by a series of phrases that detail the consequences of this failure.

The structure emphasizes the sequence of actions: first, the failure to drive out the inhabitants, leading to the Naphtalites dwelling among the Canaanites, and finally, the forced labor imposed on the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates הוֹרִ֞ישׁ as ἐχῆρεν (echēren), which suggests a focus on the act of expulsion or dispossession. This choice aligns with the Hebrew meaning but may imply a more definitive action than what occurred in the narrative.

The LXX also uses κατοικοῦντας for the inhabitants, which indicates a settled presence, reinforcing the idea that the Canaanites remained despite the intended dispossession.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Judges 1:33 tells us that the tribe of Naphtali did not drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath. As a result, they lived among the Canaanites, and the people of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath were forced to serve them as laborers. This illustrates the challenges faced by the Israelites in taking full possession of the land.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that Naphtali failed to drive out the inhabitants?

It indicates that the tribe did not fulfill God's command to dispossess the land of its previous inhabitants, which had implications for their identity and purity.

Why did the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath serve as forced laborers?

They served as forced laborers because the Naphtalites coexisted with them instead of driving them out, leading to a system of subjugation.

What can we learn from Naphtali's failure?

This failure serves as a warning about the consequences of not fully obeying God's commands and the complexities that arise from incomplete obedience.

How does this verse relate to the broader narrative of Judges?

It highlights a recurring theme in Judges where tribes fail to fully conquer the land, leading to ongoing challenges and conflicts with the Canaanites.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what areas of my life might I be failing to fully obey God's commands?
  2. How can I learn from the mistakes of the tribes in Judges to avoid similar pitfalls?
  3. What does this passage teach about the consequences of coexistence with those who oppose God's ways?
  4. How can I ensure that I am actively pursuing God's will in my life, rather than allowing complacency to set in?

Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Judges 1:33 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Neither did Naphtali drive out the inhabitants of Bethshemesh, nor the inhabitants of Bethanath,.... Of which places [See comments on Joshua 19:38]; but he dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants

Read John Gill on Judges 1 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Neither did Naphtali drive out the inhabitants of Beth-she'mesh, nor the inhabitants of Bethanath; but he dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land: nevertheless the inhabitants of

Read Robert Jamieson on Judges 1 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Beth-shemesh; a place differing from that Beth-shemesh, .

Read Matthew Poole on Judges 1 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(33) Neither did Naphtali.—See Joshua 19:32-38. Beth-shemesh.—The name means “house of the sun,” and the place was probably a great centre of Baal-worship; but this Beth-shemesh in Naphtali is not the same as Ir-shemesh (“city of the sun”) in Joshua 15:10, which was on the borders of Judah. It is the “mount of the sun” (Har-cheres) in Judges 1:35. In Isaiah 19:18, alluding to another “city of the sun” (On, i.e., Heliopolis), the prophet calls it not Is-ha-Cheres, “the city of the sun,” but Ir-ha-Heres, “the city of overthrow,” with one of those scornful plays on words of which the Jews were fond. Beth-anath.—Nothing is known of this town. The name perhaps means “house of echo,” and some…

Read Charles John Ellicott on Judges 1 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 33. Neither did Naphtali] See the notes on Joshua 19:32-39.

Read AdamClarke on Judges 1 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

33. Naphtali] inhabited the eastern part of Upper Galilee; Judges 1:18. On the S. the territory was bounded by Zebulun and Issachar, on the W. by Asher. It is curious that only two cities are named as having stood out against Naphtali; perhaps the list is not complete, cf. Judges 4:2 ff. (Hazor). Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath (Joshua 19:38) i.e. ‘temple of the sun(-god),’ ‘temple of (the goddess) Anath,’ were Canaanite sanctuaries, as the names shew; their sites are unknown; possibly ‘Ainîtha, 6 m. N.W. of Ḳ ?ades (Kadesh of Naphtali), may be Beth-anath. Both names occur also in Judah, Joshua 15:10; Joshua 15:59; Judges 1:35 n. became tributary unto them] had to do forced labour for them.

Read Cambridge on Judges 1 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

33. Beth-shemesh (house of the sun) and Beth-anath (house of echo) are unknown.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Judges 1 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Naphtali failed to drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath. So the Naphtalites also lived among the Canaanite inhabitants of the land, but the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath served them as forced laborers.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Naphtali didn’t drive out the inhabitants of Beth Shemesh, nor the inhabitants of Beth Anath; but he lived among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land. Nevertheless the inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and of Beth Anath became subject to forced labor.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Naphtali failed to drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath. So the Naphtalites also lived among the Canaanite inhabitants of the land, but the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath served them as forced laborers.

NETBNew English Translation2006

The men of Naphtali did not conquer the people living in Beth Shemesh or Beth Anath. They live among the Canaanites residing in the land. The Canaanites living in Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath were forced to do hard labor for them.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

¶ Neither did Naphtali drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh, nor the inhabitants of Beth-anath; but he dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land: nevertheless the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and of Beth-anath became tributaries unto them.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Naphtali drove not out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh, nor the inhabitants of Beth-anath; but he dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land: nevertheless the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and of Beth-anath became subject to taskwork.

RVARevised Version, American1894

Naphtali drave not out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh, nor the inhabitants of Beth-anath; but he dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land: nevertheless the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and of Beth-anath became tributary unto them.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Neither did Naphtali expel the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh, nor the inhabitants of Beth-anath; but he dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land: nevertheless, the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and of Beth-anath became tributaries to them.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Neither did Naphtali driue out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh, nor the inhabitants of Beth-anath, but dwelt among the Canaanites the inhabitants of the lande: neuerthelesse the inhabitantes of Beth-shemesh, and of Beth-anath became tributaries vnto them.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Naphtali did not dispossess the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh, nor the inhabitants of Beth-anath; and he dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land, but the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and of Beth-anath became tributaries to them.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Naphtali hath not dispossessed the inhabitants of Beth-Shemesh, and the inhabitants of Beth-Anath, and he dwelleth in the midst of the Canaanite, the inhabitants of the land; and the inhabitants of Beth-Shemesh and of Beth-Anath have become tributary to them.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Naphtali has not dispossessed the inhabitants of Beth-Shemesh, and the inhabitants of Beth-Anath, and he dwells in the midst of the Canaanite, the inhabitants of the land; and the inhabitants of Beth-Shemesh and of Beth-Anath were for forced labor for them.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Naphtali did not drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh, nor the inhabitants of Beth-'anath; and he dwelt in the midst of the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land; nevertheless the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and of Beth-anath became tributary unto them.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

The tribe of Naphtali did not drive out those who were living in Beth Shemesh, or those living in Beth Anath. So the tribe of Naphtali lived among the Canaanites (the people who were living in that land). However, the inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath were forced into hard labor for Naphthali.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Nephtali also destroyed not the inhabitants of Bethsames, and of Bethanath: and he dwelt in the midst of the Chanaanites the inhabitants of the land, and the Bethsamites and Bethanites were tributaries to him.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Naphtali didn't drive out the people living in the towns of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath. So the people of Asher went on living there among the Canaanite inhabitants of the land because they hadn't driven them out. However, the people of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath were made to do forced labor for the people of Naphtali.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Naphtali did not take the land of the people of Beth-shemesh or of Beth-anath, driving them out; but he was living among the Canaanites in the land; however, the people of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath were put to forced work.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clausesubjectנַפְתָּלִ֗יNaphtaliadverbialלֹֽאnotverbהוֹרִ֞ישׁit.dispossessednoun phrase · objectnoun phraseאֶת(et)noun phraseיֹשְׁבֵ֤יthe.inhabitantsוְandnoun phraseאֶת(et)noun phraseיֹשְׁבֵ֣יthe.inhabitantsוַandclauseverbיֵּ֕שֶׁבit.dweltprepositional phrase · prepositionalבְּinnoun phraseקֶ֥רֶבthe.midstnoun phrasenoun phraseהַֽofכְּנַעֲנִ֖יthe.Canaanite[s]noun phraseיֹשְׁבֵ֣יthe.inhabitantsnoun phraseהָofאָ֑רֶץthe.landוְandclausenoun phrase · subjectיֹשְׁבֵ֤יthe.inhabitantsnoun phraseוּandverbהָי֥וּthey.becameprepositional phrase · prepositionalלָforהֶ֖םthemprepositional phrase · prepositionalלָ(into).forcedמַֽסlabor

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text aligns with the Septuagint in many respects, though there are differences in word order and specific terms. The Septuagint captures the essence of the Hebrew text but presents it in a way that reflects its own interpretative choices.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

נַפְתָּלִ֗י לֹֽא־ הוֹרִ֞ישׁ אֶת־ יֹשְׁבֵ֤י בֵֽית־ שֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ וְאֶת־ יֹשְׁבֵ֣י בֵית־ עֲנָ֔ת וַיֵּ֕שֶׁב בְּקֶ֥רֶב הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ וְיֹשְׁבֵ֤י בֵֽית־ שֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ וּבֵ֣ית עֲנָ֔ת הָי֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם לָמַֽס׃ ס

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
נַפְתָּלִ֗יνεφθαλιלֹֽא־οὐκהוֹרִ֞ישׁἐχῆρενיֹשְׁבֵ֤יκατοικοῦνταςוְאֶת־καὶיֹשְׁבֵ֣יκατοικοῦνταςוַיֵּ֕שֶׁבκατῴκησενבְּקֶ֥רֶבμέσῳהַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖יξαναναίουהָאָ֑רֶץγῆνוְיֹשְׁבֵ֤יκατοικοῦντεςוּבֵ֣יתκαὶהָי֥וּἐγένοντοלָהֶ֖םαὐτοῖςלָמַֽס׃ סφόρον

15 of the 24 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Judges 1:33נַפְתָּלִיNaphtaliNaphtaliנַפְתָּלִילֹאnotnotלֹאיָרַשׁit disposseit dispossessedיָרַשׁאֵתthe object the object markאֵתיָשַׁב[the] inhab[the] inhabitanיָשַׁבבֵּיתBethBethבֵּיתבֵּיתShemeshShemeshבֵּיתאֵתand the objand the object אֵתיָשַׁב[the] inhab[the] inhabitanיָשַׁבבֵּית־עֲנָתBethBethבֵּית־עֲנָתבֵּית־עֲנָתAnathAnathבֵּית־עֲנָתיָשַׁבand it dweland it dweltיָשַׁבקֶ֫רֶבin [the] miin [the] midst קֶ֫רֶבכְּנַעֲנִיthe Canaanithe Canaanite[sכְּנַעֲנִייָשַׁב[the] inhab[the] inhabitanיָשַׁבאֶ֫רֶץthe landthe landאֶ֫רֶץיָשַׁבand [the] iand [the] inhabיָשַׁבבֵּיתBethBethבֵּיתבֵּיתShemeshShemeshבֵּיתבֵּית־עֲנָתand Bethand Bethבֵּית־עֲנָתבֵּית־עֲנָתAnathAnathבֵּית־עֲנָתהָיָהthey becamethey becameהָיָההֶםfor themfor themהֶםמַסforced laboforced laborמַסבֵּיתplaceplaceבֵּיתאוֹתsign: mirasign: miraculouאוֹתבֵּית־עֲנוֹתבֵּית־עֲנוֹתכְּנַ֫עַןCanaanCanaanכְּנַ֫עַןפָּתַלto twistto twistפָּתַלקָרֵבto presentto present: comקָרֵבמָסַסto meltto meltמָסַסהָוָאto fallto fallהָוָאכְּנַעֲנִיCanaanitesCanaanitessכְּנַעֲנִיבֶּ֫טַחsecuritysecurityבֶּ֫טַחבֵּיתבֵּיתבֵּית־עֲנָתBeth-anathBeth-anathבֵּית־עֲנָתחֳרֵםHoremHoremחֳרֵםמִגְדַּל־אֵלמִגְדַּל־אֵלמִגְרָשׁpasturepastureמִגְרָשׁקֶ֫דֶשׁKedeshKedeshקֶ֫דֶשׁאָשֵׁרAsherAsherאָשֵׁריָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹל
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Judges 1:33

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
נַפְתָּלִ֗יnaf.ta.Li Naphtali H5321 Noun proper masculine
51× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Naphtali was a son of Jacob and the founder of one of the twelve tribes of Israel. He was born to Bilhah, Rachel's servant, and is first mentioned in Genesis 30:8. Naphtali's descendants lived in the region of Galilee.
Amplified meaning
a tribe of Israel, descended from Jacob's son
Tyndale gloss
Naphtali
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נַפְתָּלִי (Naphtali) refers to a son of Jacob and the tribe that descended from him, as well as the territory assigned to that tribe. The name is derived from a root meaning 'my wrestling.' He is first mentioned in Genesis 30:8, and is noted to be the second son of Jacob by Bilhah, Rachel's handmaid.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נַפְתָּלִי 61 n.pr.m. et trib. Naphtali

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5321 נַפְתָּלִי Naphtali

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5321 Naphtaliy naf-taw-lee'

from 6617; my wrestling; Naphtali, a son of Jacob, with the

tribe descended from him, and its territory:--Naphtali.

see HEBREW for 06617

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נַפְתָּלִי (naph.ta.li) — Naphtali.

A man of the tribe of Naphtali living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.30.8;

son of: Israel (H3478) and Bilhah (H1090A);

brother of: Dan (H1835H);

half-brother of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144);

father of: Jahzeel (H3183), Guni (H1476), Jezer (H3337) and Shillem (H8006)

Also named: Nephthaleim (Νεφθαλείμ "Naphtali" G3508)

§ Naphtali = "wrestling"

1) the 5th son of Jacob and the 2nd by Bilhah the handmaid of Rachel

2) the tribe descended from Naphtali the son of Jacob

3) the territory assigned to the tribe of Naphtali

נַפְתָּלִי (naph.ta.li) — (Kedesh)-naphtali.

Combined with qe.desh (קֶ֫דֶשׁ "Kedesh" H6943)

§ Naphtali = "wrestling"

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

naf'-ta-li (naphtali; Nephthaleim):

I. THE PATRIARCH

1. Name

2. Circumstances of His Birth

3. Historical and Traditional Details

II. TRIBE OF NAPHTALI

1. Its Relative Position

2. Its Location in Palestine

3. Physical Features

4. Distinction of the Tribe

5. Sites and Inhabitants

6. Labors of Jesus in This District

I. The Patriarch.

1. Name:

The 5th son of Jacob, and the 2nd born to him by Rachel's handmaid, Bilhah. He was full brother of Da (Ge 30:7).

At his birth Rachel is said to have exclaimed, naphtule 'Elohim niphtalti, "wrestlings of God"--i.e. "mighty wrestlings"--"have I wrestled."

2. Circumstances of His Birth:

Her sister's fruitfulness was a sore trial to the barren Rachel. By her artifice she had obtained children, the offspring of her maid ranking as her own; and thus her reproach of childlessness was removed. The name Naphtali given to…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Naphtali

My wrestling, the fifth son of Jacob. His mother was Bilhah, Rachel’s handmaid (Gen. 30:8). When Jacob went down into Egypt, Naphtali had four sons (Gen. 46:24). Little is known of him as an individual.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(wrestling), the fifth son of Jacob; the second child name to him by Bilhah, Rachel’s slave. His birth and the bestowal of his name are recorded in (Genesis 30:8) When the census was taken at Mount Sinai the tribe of Naphtali numbered no less than 53,400 fighting men, (Numbers 1:43; 2:50) but when the borders of the promised land were reached, its numbers were reduced to, 45,400. (Numbers 26:48-50) During the march through the wilderness Naphtali occupied a position on the north of the sacred tent with Dan and Asher. (Numbers 2:25-31) In the apportionment of the land, the lot of Naphtali was enclosed on three sides by those of other tribes. On the west lay Asher, on the…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

The sixth son of Jacob, by Bilhah, Rachel’s handmaid, Ge 30:8. We know but few particulars of the lie of Naphtali. His sons were four, Ge 46:24. The patriarch Jacob, when he gave his blessing, said, as it is in the English Bible, "Naphtali is a hind let loose; he giveth goodly words," Ge 49:21. For an illustration of this passage, see HIND.

The tribe of Naphtali, called Nephtalim in Mt 4:15, were located in a rich and fertile portion of northern Palestine; having Asher on the west, the upper Jordan and part of the sea of Tiberias on the east; and running north into the Lebanon range, some lower offshoots of which prolonged to the south formed the "mountains of Naphtali,"…

Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
לֹֽא־lo'- not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
הוֹרִ֞ישׁho.Rish it dispossessed H3423 Verb · Hiphil · perfect third person masculine singular
231× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To possess means to take control of something, like a piece of land, by driving out others and occupying it. This word is used in the Bible to describe inheriting property or seizing power.
Amplified meaning
did not dispossess, or expel
Tyndale gloss
to possess: possess
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word יָרַשׁ (*yarash*) is a verb meaning to take possession, inherit, or dispossess. It encompasses a range of actions from seizing and occupying land to impoverishing or ruining others. The entries indicate various forms of the verb, including Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, which express different nuances of possession and dispossession.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָרַשׁ 229 vb. take possession of, inherit, dispossess

Qal

take possession of, esp. bu force, have as a possession, often with collat. idea of taking in place of others, succeeding to, inheriting

inherit, sq. acc. pers. = be one's heir

= impoverish

Niph. be (dispossessed =) impoverished, come to poverty

Pi. the fruit of thy ground shall the cricket get full possession

Hiph.

cause to possess or inherit

cause (others) to possess or inherit, then gen. dispossess

= impoverish

nearly = bring to ruin, destroy

take possession of a land

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3423 יָרַשׁ take possession of, inherit, dispossess .. take possession of, esp. bu force, have as a possession, often with collat. idea of taking in place of others, succeeding to, inheriting

. inherit, sq. acc. pers. = be one's heir

. = impoverish

. be (dispossessed =) impoverished, come to poverty

. the fruit of thy ground shall the cricket get full possession

. . cause to possess or inherit

. cause (others) to possess or inherit, then gen. dispossess

. = impoverish

. nearly = bring to ruin, destroy

. take possession of a land

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3423 yarash yaw-rash'

or yaresh {yaw-raysh'}; a primitive root; to occupy (by

driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place);

by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel,

to impoverish, to ruin:--cast out, consume, destroy,

disinherit, dispossess, drive(-ing) out, enjoy, expel, X

without fail, (give to, leave for) inherit(-ance, -or) +

magistrate, be (make) poor, come to poverty, (give to, make

to) possess, get (have) in (take) possession, seize upon,

succeed, X utterly.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָרַשׁ (ya.rash) — to possess: possess.

: possess/inherit

1) to seize, dispossess, take possession off, inherit, disinherit, occupy, impoverish, be an heir

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to take possession of

1a2) to inherit

1a3) to impoverish, come to poverty, be poor

1b) (Niphal) to be dispossessed, be impoverished, come to poverty

1c) (Piel) to devour

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to possess or inherit

1d2) to cause others to possess or inherit

1d3) to impoverish

1d4) to dispossess

1d5) to destroy, bring to ruin, disinherit

יָרַשׁ (ya.rash) — to possess: take.

: take/conquer/drive_out

1) to seize, dispossess, take possession off, inherit, disinherit, occupy, impoverish, be an heir

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to take possession of

1a2) to inherit

1a3) to impoverish, come to poverty, be poor

1b) (Niphal) to be dispossessed, be impoverished, come to poverty

1c) (Piel) to devour

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to possess or inherit

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Perf-3ms — Verb · Hiphil · perfect third person masculine singular
HVhp3ms
Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
אֶת־'et- the object marker H853 Particle
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | DirObjM — Particle
HTo
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
יֹשְׁבֵ֤יyo.she.Vei [the] inhabitants of H3427 Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine plural common
1,079× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.
Tyndale gloss
to dwell
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָשַׁב (yashab) is a Hebrew verb meaning to sit, remain, or dwell. It encompasses a range of actions from simply sitting down to more complex ideas like establishing a home or causing a place to be inhabited. The entries indicate various forms, including Qal (to sit), Niphal (to be inhabited), and Hiphil (to cause to dwell). There is an Aramaic equivalent, יְתִב (ye.tiv), meaning 'to dwell'.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָשַׁב 1090 vb. sit, remain, dwell

Qal

sit

sit, sit down

sit down

sit = be set (as a jewel)

remain, stay, tarry

with special emphasis of qualifying phr.

dwell, have one’s abode

of a land or city, sit, abide, seated in its place, fig. for be inhabited

Niph. be inhabited, of land

Pi. and they shall set their encampments in thee

Hiph.

cause to sit

cause to abide

cause to dwell

cause cities to be inhabited

marry (prop. give a dwelling to)

Hoph. and ye be made to dwell alone in the midst of the land

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3427 יָשַׁב sit, remain, dwell

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3427 yashab yaw-shab'

a primitive root; properly, to sit down (specifically as

judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to

remain; causatively, to settle, to marry:--(make to)

abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease

self, endure, establish, X fail, habitation, haunt, (make to)

inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, X marry(-ing),

(bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(- tle),

(down-)sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate),

take, tarry.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָשַׁב (ya.shav) — to dwell.

1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to sit, sit down

1a2) to be set

1a3) to remain, stay

1a4) to dwell, have one's abode

1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited

1c) (Piel) to set, place

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to sit

1d2) to cause to abide, set

1d3) to cause to dwell

1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited

1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to)

1e) (Hophal)

1e1) to be inhabited

1e2) to make to dwell

Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine plural common
HVqrmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
בֵֽית־veit- Beth H1053 Noun proper
42× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Beth-shemesh was a town in ancient Palestine, also known as Heliopolis. Its name means house of the sun or sun-temple, and it was an important location in biblical times.
Amplified meaning
Heliopolis, a city of the sun
Tyndale gloss
Heliopolis
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (Beyth Shemesh) means 'house of the sun' and refers to several locations, including towns in Judah, Issachar, and Naphtali, as well as Heliopolis in Egypt. It is built from the words for 'house' and 'sun.' The entries consistently describe it as a sun-temple or related to sun worship.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ n.pr.loc. (sun-temple)

city in SW. Judah

city in Naphtali

city in Issachar

= On-Heliopolis, in Egypt

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1053 בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1053 Beyth Shemesh bayth sheh'-mesh

from 1004 and 8121; house of (the) sun; Beth-Shemesh, a place

in Palestine:--Beth-shemesh.

see HEBREW for 01004

see HEBREW for 08121

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Beth-shemesh.

§ Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in southwest Judah

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Beth-shemesh.

§ Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in Issachar

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Beth-shemesh.

§ Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in Naphtali

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Heliopolis.

Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in Egypt

Another name of on (אֹן "On" H0204)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Beth

Occurs frequently as the appellation for a house, or dwelling-place, in such compounds as the words immediately following:

Smith's Bible Dictionary

the most general word for a house or habitation. It has the special meaning of a temple or house of worship Beth is more frequently employed in compound names of places than any other word.

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

House, forms a part of many compounds names of places, and sometimes means the place or dwelling; and at others the temple. This word becomes Beit in modern Arabic.

Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
שֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙she.mesh Shemesh H1053 Noun proper
42× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Beth-shemesh was a town in ancient Palestine, also known as Heliopolis. Its name means house of the sun or sun-temple, and it was an important location in biblical times.
Tyndale gloss
Heliopolis
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (Beyth Shemesh) means 'house of the sun' and refers to several locations, including towns in Judah, Issachar, and Naphtali, as well as Heliopolis in Egypt. It is built from the words for 'house' and 'sun.' The entries consistently describe it as a sun-temple or related to sun worship.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ n.pr.loc. (sun-temple)

city in SW. Judah

city in Naphtali

city in Issachar

= On-Heliopolis, in Egypt

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1053 בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1053 Beyth Shemesh bayth sheh'-mesh

from 1004 and 8121; house of (the) sun; Beth-Shemesh, a place

in Palestine:--Beth-shemesh.

see HEBREW for 01004

see HEBREW for 08121

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Beth-shemesh.

§ Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in southwest Judah

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Beth-shemesh.

§ Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in Issachar

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Beth-shemesh.

§ Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in Naphtali

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Heliopolis.

Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in Egypt

Another name of on (אֹן "On" H0204)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpl
Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
וְאֶת־ve.'Et and the object marker H853 Conjunction · particle
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/To — Conjunction · particle
HC/To
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
יֹשְׁבֵ֣יyo.she.Vei [the] inhabitants of H3427 Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine plural common
1,079× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.
Amplified meaning
dwelt, or remained
Tyndale gloss
to dwell
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָשַׁב (yashab) is a Hebrew verb meaning to sit, remain, or dwell. It encompasses a range of actions from simply sitting down to more complex ideas like establishing a home or causing a place to be inhabited. The entries indicate various forms, including Qal (to sit), Niphal (to be inhabited), and Hiphil (to cause to dwell). There is an Aramaic equivalent, יְתִב (ye.tiv), meaning 'to dwell'.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָשַׁב 1090 vb. sit, remain, dwell

Qal

sit

sit, sit down

sit down

sit = be set (as a jewel)

remain, stay, tarry

with special emphasis of qualifying phr.

dwell, have one’s abode

of a land or city, sit, abide, seated in its place, fig. for be inhabited

Niph. be inhabited, of land

Pi. and they shall set their encampments in thee

Hiph.

cause to sit

cause to abide

cause to dwell

cause cities to be inhabited

marry (prop. give a dwelling to)

Hoph. and ye be made to dwell alone in the midst of the land

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3427 יָשַׁב sit, remain, dwell

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3427 yashab yaw-shab'

a primitive root; properly, to sit down (specifically as

judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to

remain; causatively, to settle, to marry:--(make to)

abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease

self, endure, establish, X fail, habitation, haunt, (make to)

inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, X marry(-ing),

(bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(- tle),

(down-)sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate),

take, tarry.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָשַׁב (ya.shav) — to dwell.

1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to sit, sit down

1a2) to be set

1a3) to remain, stay

1a4) to dwell, have one's abode

1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited

1c) (Piel) to set, place

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to sit

1d2) to cause to abide, set

1d3) to cause to dwell

1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited

1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to)

1e) (Hophal)

1e1) to be inhabited

1e2) to make to dwell

Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine plural common
HVqrmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
בֵית־veit- Beth H1043 Noun proper
6× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Beth-anath means house of response or affliction, a place in Naphtali. The name has a similar tone to Beth-anoth, implying a place of answers or troubles. It is mentioned in the Bible as a location in ancient Israel.
Amplified meaning
house of response, or affliction
Tyndale gloss
Beth-anath
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּית־עֲנָת (Beyth `Anath) refers to a location in Naphtali, known as Beth-anath, which translates to 'house of response (or affliction).' It is noted as an orthographical variation of another term (H1042) and is mentioned in the context of places in Palestine.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּית־עֲנָת n.pr.loc. in Naphtali

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1043 בֵּית־עֲנָת

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1043 Beyth `Anath bayth an-awth'

an orthographical variation for 1042; Beth-Anath, a place in

Palestine:--Beth-anath.

see HEBREW for 01042

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּית־עֲנָת (bet a.nat) — Beth-anath.

§ Beth-anath = "house of response (or affliction)"

a place in Naphtali

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Beth

Occurs frequently as the appellation for a house, or dwelling-place, in such compounds as the words immediately following:

Smith's Bible Dictionary

the most general word for a house or habitation. It has the special meaning of a temple or house of worship Beth is more frequently employed in compound names of places than any other word.

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

House, forms a part of many compounds names of places, and sometimes means the place or dwelling; and at others the temple. This word becomes Beit in modern Arabic.

Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
עֲנָ֔ת'a.Nat Anath H1043 Noun proper
6× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Beth-anath means house of response or affliction, a place in Naphtali. The name has a similar tone to Beth-anoth, implying a place of answers or troubles. It is mentioned in the Bible as a location in ancient Israel.
Tyndale gloss
Beth-anath
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּית־עֲנָת (Beyth `Anath) refers to a location in Naphtali, known as Beth-anath, which translates to 'house of response (or affliction).' It is noted as an orthographical variation of another term (H1042) and is mentioned in the context of places in Palestine.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּית־עֲנָת n.pr.loc. in Naphtali

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1043 בֵּית־עֲנָת

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1043 Beyth `Anath bayth an-awth'

an orthographical variation for 1042; Beth-Anath, a place in

Palestine:--Beth-anath.

see HEBREW for 01042

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּית־עֲנָת (bet a.nat) — Beth-anath.

§ Beth-anath = "house of response (or affliction)"

a place in Naphtali

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

a'-nath (`anath): Father of Shamgar (Jud 3:31; 5:6). This name is connected with the Phoenician and Canaanite goddess `Anat, which was also worshipped in Egypt. She is mentioned in monuments of the 18th Dynasty, coupled with the war- goddess Astart (Moore, Judges, 105-896; DB; EB).

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Anath

An answer; i.e., to “prayer”, the father of Shamgar, who was one of the judges of Israel (Judg. 3:31).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(answer), father of Shamgar. (Judges 3:31; 5:6)

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Father of Shamgar Jud 3:31

Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
וַיֵּ֕שֶׁבvai.Ye.shev and it dwelt H3427 Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine singular
1,079× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.
Tyndale gloss
to dwell
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָשַׁב (yashab) is a Hebrew verb meaning to sit, remain, or dwell. It encompasses a range of actions from simply sitting down to more complex ideas like establishing a home or causing a place to be inhabited. The entries indicate various forms, including Qal (to sit), Niphal (to be inhabited), and Hiphil (to cause to dwell). There is an Aramaic equivalent, יְתִב (ye.tiv), meaning 'to dwell'.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָשַׁב 1090 vb. sit, remain, dwell

Qal

sit

sit, sit down

sit down

sit = be set (as a jewel)

remain, stay, tarry

with special emphasis of qualifying phr.

dwell, have one’s abode

of a land or city, sit, abide, seated in its place, fig. for be inhabited

Niph. be inhabited, of land

Pi. and they shall set their encampments in thee

Hiph.

cause to sit

cause to abide

cause to dwell

cause cities to be inhabited

marry (prop. give a dwelling to)

Hoph. and ye be made to dwell alone in the midst of the land

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3427 יָשַׁב sit, remain, dwell

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3427 yashab yaw-shab'

a primitive root; properly, to sit down (specifically as

judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to

remain; causatively, to settle, to marry:--(make to)

abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease

self, endure, establish, X fail, habitation, haunt, (make to)

inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, X marry(-ing),

(bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(- tle),

(down-)sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate),

take, tarry.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָשַׁב (ya.shav) — to dwell.

1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to sit, sit down

1a2) to be set

1a3) to remain, stay

1a4) to dwell, have one's abode

1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited

1c) (Piel) to set, place

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to sit

1d2) to cause to abide, set

1d3) to cause to dwell

1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited

1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to)

1e) (Hophal)

1e1) to be inhabited

1e2) to make to dwell

Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine singular
Hc/Vqw3ms
Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
בְּקֶ֥רֶבbe.Ke.rev in [the] midst of H7130 Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
227× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means the inner part or midst of something, whether physical or emotional, and can refer to the entrails of an animal or the seat of thought and emotion. In 1 Kings 17:21, it describes Elijah's emotional plea to God.
Tyndale gloss
entrails: among
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

קֶ֫רֶב (qereb) refers to the inward part or midst of something, encompassing both physical and figurative meanings. It can denote the center of a person or object, as well as the seat of thought and emotion. The term also relates to the entrails of sacrificial animals. It is used in various contexts, including references to being among or within a group.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קֶ֫רֶב 227 n.[m.] inward part, midst

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7130 קֶ֫רֶב inward part, midst

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7130 qereb keh'-reb

from 7126; properly, the nearest part, i.e. the center,

whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with

preposition):--X among, X before, bowels, X unto charge, +

eat (up), X heart, X him, X in, inward (X -ly, part, -s,

thought), midst, + out of, purtenance, X therein, X through, X

within self.

see HEBREW for 07126

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קֶ֫רֶב (qe.rev) — entrails: among.

: among/within

1) midst, among, inner part, middle

1a) inward part

1a1) physical sense

1a2) as seat of thought and emotion

1a3) as faculty of thought and emotion

1b) in the midst, among, from among (of a number of persons)

1c) entrails (of sacrificial animals)

Also means: qe.rev (קֶ֫רֶב ": inner_parts" H7130H)

קֶ֫רֶב (qe.rev) — entrails: inner parts.

: inner_parts

1) midst, among, inner part, middle

1a) inward part

1a1) physical sense

1a2) as seat of thought and emotion

1a3) as faculty of thought and emotion

1b) in the midst, among, from among (of a number of persons)

1c) entrails (of sacrificial animals)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
HR/Ncmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖יha.ke.na.'a.Ni the Canaanite[s] H3669 Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absolute
73× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A Canaanitess was a woman from the land of Canaan, known for being merchants and traders. The term is used in the Bible to describe a woman who was a mother of one of the tribe of Benjamin, as seen in Genesis and other books.
Amplified meaning
indigenous, or native
Tyndale gloss
Canaanitess
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כְּנַעֲנִי (ken-ah-an-ee) refers to a Canaanite, an inhabitant of Canaan, and also denotes a merchant or trader. It is derived from the root word for Canaan, which can imply a connection to trade, as Canaanites were known for their mercantile activities. The term can also describe a woman from Canaan, first mentioned in Genesis 46:10.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כְּנַעֲנִי adj. et nom.gent.

base

כְּנַעֲנִי n.m. trader, merchant

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3669a כְּנַעֲנִי adj. et nom. gent. H3669b כְּנַעֲנִי trader, merchant

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3669 Kna`aniy ken-ah-an-ee'

patrial from 3667; a Kenaanite or inhabitant of Kenaan; by

implication, a pedlar (the Canaanites standing for their

neighbors the Ishmaelites, who conducted mercantile

caravans):--Canaanite, merchant, trafficker.

see HEBREW for 03667

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כְּנַעֲנִי (ke.na.a.ni) — Canaanite.

Group of ke.na.an (כְּנַ֫עַן "Canaan" H3667A)

§ Canaanite, of Cana "zealous"

adj

descendant or inhabitant of Canaan

כְּנַעֲנִי (ke.na.a.ni) — merchant.

a merchant, trader

Group of ke.na.an (כְּנַ֫עַן "merchant" H3667B)

כְּנַעֲנִי (ke.na.a.ni) — Canaanitess.

Describing a woman living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.46.10;

mother of: Shaul (H7586H)

§ a merchant, trader

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absolute
HTd/Ngmsa
Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
יֹשְׁבֵ֣יyo.she.Vei [the] inhabitants of H3427 Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine plural common
1,079× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.
Tyndale gloss
to dwell
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָשַׁב (yashab) is a Hebrew verb meaning to sit, remain, or dwell. It encompasses a range of actions from simply sitting down to more complex ideas like establishing a home or causing a place to be inhabited. The entries indicate various forms, including Qal (to sit), Niphal (to be inhabited), and Hiphil (to cause to dwell). There is an Aramaic equivalent, יְתִב (ye.tiv), meaning 'to dwell'.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָשַׁב 1090 vb. sit, remain, dwell

Qal

sit

sit, sit down

sit down

sit = be set (as a jewel)

remain, stay, tarry

with special emphasis of qualifying phr.

dwell, have one’s abode

of a land or city, sit, abide, seated in its place, fig. for be inhabited

Niph. be inhabited, of land

Pi. and they shall set their encampments in thee

Hiph.

cause to sit

cause to abide

cause to dwell

cause cities to be inhabited

marry (prop. give a dwelling to)

Hoph. and ye be made to dwell alone in the midst of the land

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3427 יָשַׁב sit, remain, dwell

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3427 yashab yaw-shab'

a primitive root; properly, to sit down (specifically as

judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to

remain; causatively, to settle, to marry:--(make to)

abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease

self, endure, establish, X fail, habitation, haunt, (make to)

inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, X marry(-ing),

(bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(- tle),

(down-)sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate),

take, tarry.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָשַׁב (ya.shav) — to dwell.

1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to sit, sit down

1a2) to be set

1a3) to remain, stay

1a4) to dwell, have one's abode

1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited

1c) (Piel) to set, place

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to sit

1d2) to cause to abide, set

1d3) to cause to dwell

1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited

1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to)

1e) (Hophal)

1e1) to be inhabited

1e2) to make to dwell

Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine plural common
HVqrmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
הָאָ֑רֶץha.'A.retz the land H776 Particle · noun common feminine singular absolute
2,504× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The land or earth refers to the soil or ground, and can also mean a country, territory, or region. In the Bible, it is used to describe the earth and its inhabitants, and is often translated as 'land' or 'country'.
Amplified meaning
the earth, or territory
Tyndale gloss
land: soil
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֶ֫רֶץ (erets) is a feminine noun meaning 'earth' or 'land.' It encompasses various meanings, including the whole earth, specific territories like Canaan, and even inhabitants of the land. It can refer to soil, ground, or regions, and is used in phrases related to distance and the living. There is a note on the plural form אֲרָצוֹת, which mainly appears in later texts to denote multiple lands.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land

earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)

earth, opp. to heaven, sky

earth = inhabitants of earth

land =

country, territory

district, region

trial territory

piece of ground

specif. land of Canaan, or Israel

= inhabitants of land

used even of Shᵉʼôl

ground, surface of ground

soil, as productive

אֶרֶץ in phrases

people of the land

in measurements of distance

the country of the plain, level or plain country

land of the living

end(s) of the earth

pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H776 אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land . . earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)

. earth, opp. to heaven, sky

. earth = inhabitants of earth

. land = . country, territory

. district, region

. trial territory

. piece of ground

. specif. land of Canaan, or Israel

. = inhabitants of land

. used even of Shᵉʼôl

. . ground, surface of ground

. soil, as productive

. אֶרֶץ in phrases . people of the land

. in measurements of distance

. the country of the plain, level or plain country

. land of the living

. end(s) of the earth

. pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

776 'erets eh'-rets

from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth

(at large, or partitively a land):--X common, country, earth,

field, ground, land, X natins, way, + wilderness, world.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: country/planet.

: country/field

1) land, earth

1a) earth

1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)

1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)

1a3) earth (inhabitants)

1b) land

1b1) country, territory

1b2) district, region

1b3) tribal territory

1b4) piece of ground

1b5) land of Canaan, Israel

1b6) inhabitants of land

1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world

1b8) city (-state)

1c) ground, surface of the earth

1c1) ground

1c2) soil

1d) (in phrases)

1d1) people of the land

1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance)

1d3) level or plain country

1d4) land of the living

1d5) end(s) of the earth

1e) (almost wholly late in usage)

1e1) lands, countries

1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan

אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: soil.

: soil

1) land, earth

1a) earth

1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)

1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)

1a3) earth (inhabitants)

1b) land

1b1) country, territory

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-cs — Particle · noun common feminine singular absolute
HTd/Ncfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

((1) 'erets;

(2) 'adhamah;

(3) sadheh,

"a piece of land";

(4) ge, "earth";

(5) agros, "field";

(6) chora, "region";

(7) chorion, diminutive of chora;

(8) xeros, "dry land";

(9) 'ezrach, "native" the King James Version "born in the land," "born among you," the Revised Version (British and American) "home-born" (Le 19:34; 14:16; Nu 15:30); "like a green tree in its native soil" (Ps 37:35)):

'Erets occurs hundreds of times and is used in much the same way as 'adhamah, which also occurs often: e.g. "land of Egypt," 'erets mitsrayim (Ge 13:10), and 'adhmath mitsrayim (Ge 47:20). The other words occur less often, and are used in the…

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Appeared on the third creative day Ge 1:9

→ Original title to, from God Ge 13:14-17; 15:7; Ex 23:31; Le 25:23

→ Bought and sold Ge 23:3-18; 33:19; Ac 4:34; 5:1-8

→ Sale and redemption of, laws concerning Le 25:15,16,23-33; 27:17-24; Nu 36:4; Jer 32:7-16,25,44; Eze 46:18

Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
וְיֹשְׁבֵ֤יve.yo.she.Vei and [the] inhabitants of H3427 Conjunction · verb qal participle (active) masculine plural common
1,079× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.
Tyndale gloss
to dwell
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָשַׁב (yashab) is a Hebrew verb meaning to sit, remain, or dwell. It encompasses a range of actions from simply sitting down to more complex ideas like establishing a home or causing a place to be inhabited. The entries indicate various forms, including Qal (to sit), Niphal (to be inhabited), and Hiphil (to cause to dwell). There is an Aramaic equivalent, יְתִב (ye.tiv), meaning 'to dwell'.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָשַׁב 1090 vb. sit, remain, dwell

Qal

sit

sit, sit down

sit down

sit = be set (as a jewel)

remain, stay, tarry

with special emphasis of qualifying phr.

dwell, have one’s abode

of a land or city, sit, abide, seated in its place, fig. for be inhabited

Niph. be inhabited, of land

Pi. and they shall set their encampments in thee

Hiph.

cause to sit

cause to abide

cause to dwell

cause cities to be inhabited

marry (prop. give a dwelling to)

Hoph. and ye be made to dwell alone in the midst of the land

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3427 יָשַׁב sit, remain, dwell

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3427 yashab yaw-shab'

a primitive root; properly, to sit down (specifically as

judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to

remain; causatively, to settle, to marry:--(make to)

abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease

self, endure, establish, X fail, habitation, haunt, (make to)

inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, X marry(-ing),

(bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(- tle),

(down-)sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate),

take, tarry.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָשַׁב (ya.shav) — to dwell.

1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to sit, sit down

1a2) to be set

1a3) to remain, stay

1a4) to dwell, have one's abode

1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited

1c) (Piel) to set, place

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to sit

1d2) to cause to abide, set

1d3) to cause to dwell

1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited

1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to)

1e) (Hophal)

1e1) to be inhabited

1e2) to make to dwell

Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/Vqrmpc — Conjunction · verb qal participle (active) masculine plural common
HC/Vqrmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
בֵֽית־veit- Beth H1053 Noun proper
42× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Beth-shemesh was a town in ancient Palestine, also known as Heliopolis. Its name means house of the sun or sun-temple, and it was an important location in biblical times.
Tyndale gloss
Heliopolis
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (Beyth Shemesh) means 'house of the sun' and refers to several locations, including towns in Judah, Issachar, and Naphtali, as well as Heliopolis in Egypt. It is built from the words for 'house' and 'sun.' The entries consistently describe it as a sun-temple or related to sun worship.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ n.pr.loc. (sun-temple)

city in SW. Judah

city in Naphtali

city in Issachar

= On-Heliopolis, in Egypt

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1053 בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1053 Beyth Shemesh bayth sheh'-mesh

from 1004 and 8121; house of (the) sun; Beth-Shemesh, a place

in Palestine:--Beth-shemesh.

see HEBREW for 01004

see HEBREW for 08121

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Beth-shemesh.

§ Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in southwest Judah

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Beth-shemesh.

§ Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in Issachar

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Beth-shemesh.

§ Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in Naphtali

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Heliopolis.

Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in Egypt

Another name of on (אֹן "On" H0204)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNpl — Noun proper
HNpl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Beth

Occurs frequently as the appellation for a house, or dwelling-place, in such compounds as the words immediately following:

Smith's Bible Dictionary

the most general word for a house or habitation. It has the special meaning of a temple or house of worship Beth is more frequently employed in compound names of places than any other word.

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

House, forms a part of many compounds names of places, and sometimes means the place or dwelling; and at others the temple. This word becomes Beit in modern Arabic.

Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
שֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙she.mesh Shemesh H1053 Noun proper
42× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Beth-shemesh was a town in ancient Palestine, also known as Heliopolis. Its name means house of the sun or sun-temple, and it was an important location in biblical times.
Tyndale gloss
Heliopolis
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (Beyth Shemesh) means 'house of the sun' and refers to several locations, including towns in Judah, Issachar, and Naphtali, as well as Heliopolis in Egypt. It is built from the words for 'house' and 'sun.' The entries consistently describe it as a sun-temple or related to sun worship.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ n.pr.loc. (sun-temple)

city in SW. Judah

city in Naphtali

city in Issachar

= On-Heliopolis, in Egypt

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1053 בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1053 Beyth Shemesh bayth sheh'-mesh

from 1004 and 8121; house of (the) sun; Beth-Shemesh, a place

in Palestine:--Beth-shemesh.

see HEBREW for 01004

see HEBREW for 08121

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Beth-shemesh.

§ Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in southwest Judah

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Beth-shemesh.

§ Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in Issachar

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Beth-shemesh.

§ Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in Naphtali

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (bet she.mesh) — Heliopolis.

Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple"

a town in Egypt

Another name of on (אֹן "On" H0204)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNpl — Noun proper
HNpl
Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
וּבֵ֣יתu.Veit and Beth H1043 Conjunction · noun proper
6× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Beth-anath means house of response or affliction, a place in Naphtali. The name has a similar tone to Beth-anoth, implying a place of answers or troubles. It is mentioned in the Bible as a location in ancient Israel.
Tyndale gloss
Beth-anath
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּית־עֲנָת (Beyth `Anath) refers to a location in Naphtali, known as Beth-anath, which translates to 'house of response (or affliction).' It is noted as an orthographical variation of another term (H1042) and is mentioned in the context of places in Palestine.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּית־עֲנָת n.pr.loc. in Naphtali

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1043 בֵּית־עֲנָת

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1043 Beyth `Anath bayth an-awth'

an orthographical variation for 1042; Beth-Anath, a place in

Palestine:--Beth-anath.

see HEBREW for 01042

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּית־עֲנָת (bet a.nat) — Beth-anath.

§ Beth-anath = "house of response (or affliction)"

a place in Naphtali

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/Npl — Conjunction · noun proper
HC/Npl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Beth

Occurs frequently as the appellation for a house, or dwelling-place, in such compounds as the words immediately following:

Smith's Bible Dictionary

the most general word for a house or habitation. It has the special meaning of a temple or house of worship Beth is more frequently employed in compound names of places than any other word.

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

House, forms a part of many compounds names of places, and sometimes means the place or dwelling; and at others the temple. This word becomes Beit in modern Arabic.

Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
עֲנָ֔ת'a.Nat Anath H1043 Noun proper
6× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Beth-anath means house of response or affliction, a place in Naphtali. The name has a similar tone to Beth-anoth, implying a place of answers or troubles. It is mentioned in the Bible as a location in ancient Israel.
Tyndale gloss
Beth-anath
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּית־עֲנָת (Beyth `Anath) refers to a location in Naphtali, known as Beth-anath, which translates to 'house of response (or affliction).' It is noted as an orthographical variation of another term (H1042) and is mentioned in the context of places in Palestine.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּית־עֲנָת n.pr.loc. in Naphtali

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1043 בֵּית־עֲנָת

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1043 Beyth `Anath bayth an-awth'

an orthographical variation for 1042; Beth-Anath, a place in

Palestine:--Beth-anath.

see HEBREW for 01042

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּית־עֲנָת (bet a.nat) — Beth-anath.

§ Beth-anath = "house of response (or affliction)"

a place in Naphtali

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNpl — Noun proper
HNpl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

a'-nath (`anath): Father of Shamgar (Jud 3:31; 5:6). This name is connected with the Phoenician and Canaanite goddess `Anat, which was also worshipped in Egypt. She is mentioned in monuments of the 18th Dynasty, coupled with the war- goddess Astart (Moore, Judges, 105-896; DB; EB).

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Anath

An answer; i.e., to “prayer”, the father of Shamgar, who was one of the judges of Israel (Judg. 3:31).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(answer), father of Shamgar. (Judges 3:31; 5:6)

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Father of Shamgar Jud 3:31

Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
הָי֥וּha.Yu they became H1961 Verb · Qal · perfect third person common plural
3,562× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.
Amplified meaning
became tributaries, or were subjected to forced labor
Tyndale gloss
to be
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be

Qal

Fall out, happen

occur, take place, come about, come to pass

esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass

וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)

rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה

less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)

Come into being, become

abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come

sq. prep.

become

sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)

sq. pred. adj.

become like

sq. pred. לְ pers.

sq. לְ pred.

oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.

with עַל and לְ

sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of

Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)

exist, be in existence

abide, remain, continue

with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie

as copula, joining subj. & pred.

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen

. occur, take place, come about, come to pass

. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)

. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה

. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)

. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come

. sq. prep.

. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)

. sq. pred. adj.

. become like

. sq. pred. + לְ pers.

. sq. לְ pred.

. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.

. with עַל and לְ

. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of

. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence

. abide, remain, continue

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1961 hayah haw-yaw

a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,

come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or

auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,

committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,

fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit

(one-)self, require, X use.

see HEBREW for 01933

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.

1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out

1a) (Qal)

1a1) ---

1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass

1a1b) to come about, come to pass

1a2) to come into being, become

1a2a) to arise, appear, come

1a2b) to become

1a2b1) to become

1a2b2) to become like

1a2b3) to be instituted, be established

1a3) to be

1a3a) to exist, be in existence

1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)

1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)

1a3d) to accompany, be with

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about

1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3cp — Verb · Qal · perfect third person common plural
HVqp3cp
Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
לָהֶ֖םla.Hem for them H9038 Preposition · suffix
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הֶם (hem) — them.

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine plural

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HRd/Sp3mp — Preposition · suffix
HRd/Sp3mp
Naphtali not it dispossessed the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and the object marker [the] inhabitants of Beth Anath and it dwelt in [the] midst of the Canaanite[s] [the] inhabitants of the land and [the] inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath they became for them forced labor
לָמַֽס׃ סla.Mas forced labor H4522 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
23× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A taskworker is someone forced to perform labor as a form of tax or tribute. This practice involved gangs of laborers working under the supervision of taskmasters, often in a state of serfdom or slavery. It is mentioned in the Bible as a burden imposed on people.
Amplified meaning
taskworkers, or those performing compulsory work
Tyndale gloss
taskworker
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word מַס (mas) refers to a body of forced laborers or task-workers, encompassing concepts like serfdom and tribute. It is derived from a root meaning 'burden' and is associated with enforced labor and service. The entries highlight its use in contexts related to labor gangs and taskmasters.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מַס n.m. usu. coll. body of forced labourers, task-workers, labour-band or gang, also (late) forced service, task-work, serfdom

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4522 מַס body of forced labourers, task-workers, labour-band or gang, also (late) forced service, task-work, serfdom

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4522 mac mas

or mic {mees}; from 4549; properly, a burden (as causing to

faint), i.e. a tax in the form of forced labor:--discomfited,

levy, task(-master), tribute(-tary).

see HEBREW for 04549

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַס (mas) — taskworker.

1) gang or body of forced labourers, task-workers, labour band or gang, forced service, task-work, serfdom, tributary, tribute, levy, taskmasters, discomfited

1a) labour-band, labour-gang, slave gang

1b) gang-overseers

1c) forced service, serfdom, tribute, enforced payment

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HR/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

la'-ber (yeghia`, `amal; kopos): The word (noun and verb) denoting hard work or "toil" (thus in the Revised Version (British and American) of De 26:7; Jos 7:3; Re 2:2) represents several Hebrew and Greek words, chiefly those above. Occasionally, as in Hab 3:17 (ma`aseh), it stands for "fruit of labor." Sometimes, in conjunction with "travail," it refers to childbirth (Ge 35:16,17, yaladh; compare 1Th 2:9; 2Th 3:8). Examples of the word in the ordinary sense are: of yeghia`,

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

Everything we make is available for free because of a generous community of supporters.

Donate