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Job 11:17 — Word Study

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WLCוּֽ֭מִצָּהֳרַיִם יָק֣וּם חָ֑לֶד תָּ֝עֻ֗פָה כַּבֹּ֥קֶר תִּהְיֶֽה׃

BSAYour lifecheled [lifetime, temporary world] will be brighterqûwm [clearer, shining forth] than noondaytsôhar [midday, when the sun is highest] its darknessʻûwph [times of gloom, difficulties] will behâyâh like the morningbôqer [similar to, comparable with, break of day, new beginnings]

Word
Listen & take awayJob 11
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 17 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (tih.Yeh) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Job 11:17quick helps
In a sentenceJob expresses a hope that life will become brighter, contrasting moments of darkness with the promise of new beginnings.
Who is speakingJob, reflecting on the nature of life and hope.
Where we areIn a discourse on suffering and restoration, Job is reassured of a brighter future.
The hard wordחֶלֶד
Take awayLife is transient, but hope and brightness can emerge from darkness.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectחֶלֶד verbקוּם The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Job 11:17

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Job's Reflection on Life and Hopegenerated

16For you will forget your misery, recalling it only as waters gone by.
17Your life will be brighter than noonday; its darkness will be like the morning.
18You will be secure, because there is hope, and you will look around and lie down in safety.
19You will lie down without fear, and many will court your favor.

Job 11:17 is part of a larger conversation where Job contemplates the nature of his suffering and the hope for a brighter future. He is assured that his life will shine brighter than noon, suggesting a transition from despair to hope. This verse emphasizes the contrast between darkness and light, common themes in Job's reflections on his trials and the restoration that follows.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Job 42:11–17All his brothers and sisters and prior acquaintances came and dined with him in his house. They consoled him and comforted him over all the adversity that the LORD had brought upon him. And each one gave him a piece of silver and a gold ring.
2Psalm 37:6He will bring forth your righteousness like the dawn, your justice like the noonday sun.
3Psalm 92:14In old age they will still bear fruit; healthy and green they will remain,
4Psalm 112:4Light dawns in the darkness for the upright— for the gracious, compassionate, and righteous.
5Proverbs 4:18The path of the righteous is like the first gleam of dawn, shining brighter and brighter until midday.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 12 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word חֶלֶד, Cha.ledgenerated

The word חֶלֶד (cheled) refers to a fleeting portion of time, often translated as 'lifetime' or 'world.' It encompasses concepts of age and the transient nature of existence. The term suggests a brief duration and is associated with the idea of life as temporary.

In this verse, it highlights the temporary nature of life, contrasting it with the brighter future Job anticipates. The parsing indicates it is a common masculine singular noun, emphasizing the individual lifespan.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb is יָק֣וּם, it will rise, which governs the subject חָ֑לֶד, lifetime, and is followed by a series of phrases that describe the contrast between brightness and darkness. The structure emphasizes the progression from a brighter state to one of gloom, and finally to a hopeful morning.

The sentence is built around a central theme of hope, with the finite verb leading the thought and the subject and descriptive phrases elaborating on the future Job anticipates.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, the translators rendered כַּבֹּ֥קֶר as ἑωσφόρος, which means 'morning star.' This choice emphasizes the idea of brightness and new beginnings, aligning with the overall theme of hope and restoration found in this verse.

The choice of ὥσπερ for תָּ֝עֻ֗פָה suggests a direct comparison, reinforcing the idea that darkness will be transformed into light, a significant interpretation in the context of Job's suffering.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Job 11:17 expresses a hope that life will become brighter than noon, suggesting that the times of darkness will be transformed like the morning. This verse highlights the contrast between despair and hope, indicating that even in difficult times, a brighter future is possible.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does Job mean by 'your life will be brighter than noonday'?

Job is expressing a hope that despite current suffering, life can become filled with brightness and clarity, surpassing even the brightest times.

How does this verse relate to the theme of hope?

This verse emphasizes that even in darkness, there is the promise of new beginnings, akin to the morning that follows the night.

What is the significance of comparing darkness to the morning?

The comparison suggests that just as morning brings light after darkness, so too can hope emerge from despair.

How does Job's perspective change in this verse?

Job moves from a place of suffering to one of anticipation, highlighting the transformative power of hope.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what areas of my life do I need to seek hope and brightness amidst darkness?
  2. How can I remind myself that difficult times are temporary and that brighter days are ahead?
  3. What practices can I adopt to cultivate a sense of hope in my daily life?
  4. How does the imagery of morning inspire me to look forward to new beginnings?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Gregory the Dialogist comments on this verse, interpreting the imagery of noonday as a metaphor for the renewal of virtue during times of temptation.

Gregory the DialogistMorals on the Book of Job, Book X c. 540–604
And the noonday splendour shall rise to thee at eventide. For 'the noonday splendour at eventide' is the renewing of virtue in the season of temptation, that the soul should be reinvigorated by the sudden heat of charity,
Early Church Fathers on Job 11 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Job 11:17 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

And [thine] age shall be clearer than the noonday,.... That is, the remainder of his days; the latter part of his life, which was yet to come, should be no more attended with the darkness of

Read John Gill on Job 11 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

And thine age shall be clearer than the noonday; thou shalt shine forth, thou shalt be as the morning.

Read Robert Jamieson on Job 11 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Thine age, i.e. the remainder of thy life and time in this world. Shall be clearer, Heb. shall arise. Men are said to fall into troubles, and to arise out of them. Than the noon-day; or, above the noon-day, or above the sun at noon-day, when it is at its highest pitch, as well as in its greatest glory. Thou shalt shine forth: light in Scripture commonly signifies prosperity and glory, as ,6 38:15 . Or, if thou art in darkness, as this word properly signifies, , i.e. if thou comest into any distress and trouble. Shalt be as the morning, i.e. that night of trouble shall certainly and speedily be followed with the morning of deliverance and comfort, which, like the morning light, shall shine…

Read Matthew Poole on Job 11 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Job 11:17 And [thine] age shall be clearer than the noonday; thou shalt shine forth, thou shalt be as the morning.Ver. 17. And thine age shall be clearer than the noonday] The rest of thy life which thou givest for lost, shall be the very prime part of thy time for glory. Solid glory springeth out of innocence of life, beneficence toward all men, acts done valiantly and successfully with justice and moderation of mind; whereunto is added the constant applause of good men, proceeding from an admiration of so great virtue. This Zophar promiseth Job upon his true repentance, with a daily increase thereof, as the sun shineth more and more unto the perfect day. Fame followeth virtue, as the…

Read John Trapp on Job 11 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(17) Thine age shall be clearer than the noonday.—Rather, there shall arise for thee a lifetime brighter than the noonday; thou shalt soar on high; thou shalt be like the morning, which is conceived of as having wings (Psalms 139:9). (Comp. Malachi 4:2, of the Sun of Righteousness.) This is how we understand the word rendered thou shalt shine forth. Many take it as a substantive, meaning darkness, in which case we must render, though there be darkness, thou shalt be as the morning.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 11 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 17. Thine age shall be clearer than the noonday] The rest of thy life shall be unclouded prosperity. Thou shalt shine forth] Thou shalt be in this unclouded state, as the sun in the firmament of heaven, giving light and heat to all around thee. Thou shalt be as the morning.] Thus the sun of thy prosperity shall arise, and shine more and more unto the perfect day. This is the image which the sacred writer employs, and it is correct and elegant.

Read AdamClarke on Job 11 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

17. and thine age] Or, as we should say, and life, Psalms 17:14; Psalms 39:5. thou shalt shine forth] Rather, if there be darkness, it shall be as the morning. Even should temporary darkness occur it will not be utter, but light like the morning. This seems said in opposition to Job’s mournful words, ch. Job 10:22, “where the light is as darkness.” The present words might also mean that the darkness shall be not a continual obscurity but one which a morning comes to dispel.

Read Cambridge on Job 11 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

And thine age - Thy life. This does not mean old age, but the idea is, that his life would be cheerful and happy.

Read Albert Barnes on Job 11 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Your life will be brighter than noonday; its darkness will be like the morning.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Life will be clearer than the noonday. Though there is darkness, it will be as the morning.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Your life will be brighter than noonday; its darkness will be like the morning.

NETBNew English Translation2006

And life will be brighter than the noonday; though there be darkness, it will be like the morning.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

And thine age shall be clearer than the noonday; thou shalt shine forth, thou shalt be as the morning.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

And thy life shall be clearer than the noonday; Though there be darkness, it shall be as the morning.

RVARevised Version, American1894

And thy life shall be clearer than the noonday; though there be darkness, it shall be as the morning.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

And thy age shall be clearer than the noon-day: thou shalt shine forth, thou shalt be as the morning.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Thine age also shall appeare more cleare then the noone day: thou shalt shine and bee as the morning.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

And life shall arise brighter than noonday; though thou be enshrouded in darkness, thou shalt be as the morning,

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And above the noon doth age rise, Thou fliest — as the morning thou art.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And age rises above the noon, || You fly—you are as the morning.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

And brighter than the noon of day will thy earthly existence arise; and thy obscurity will be like thy morning.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Your life would be brighter than the noonday; though there were darkness, it would become like the morning.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

And brightness like that of the noonday, shall arise to thee at evening: and when thou shalt think thyself consumed, thou shalt rise as the day star.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Your life will shine brighter than the noonday sun; even darkness will be like the morning.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

And your life will be brighter than day; though it is dark, it will become like the morning.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וּֽ֭andclauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalמִmoreצָּהֳרַיִםthan.noon(s)verbיָק֣וּםit.will.risesubjectחָ֑לֶדlifespanclausenoun phrase · subjectverb phraseתָּ֝עֻ֗פָitהwill.be.darkprepositional phrase · prepositionalכַּlikenoun phrasetheבֹּ֥קֶרmorningverbתִּהְיֶֽהit.will.become

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text of Job 11:17 states that your life will be brighter than noonday and its darkness will be like the morning. The Septuagint, however, does not provide a direct equivalent for this verse, indicating that there may be significant differences in wording or interpretation. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the Dead Sea Scrolls do not provide additional evidence for this specific verse, so the Masoretic Text stands alone in this instance.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וּֽ֭מִצָּהֳרַיִם יָק֣וּם חָ֑לֶד תָּ֝עֻ֗פָה כַּבֹּ֥קֶר תִּהְיֶֽה׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
כַּבֹּ֥קֶרὥσπερתִּהְיֶֽה׃ἑωσφόρος

2 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Job 11:17צֹ֫הַרand more thand more than nצֹ֫הַרלֵבit will risit will riseלֵבחֶ֫לֶדlifespanlifespanחֶ֫לֶדעוּףit will be it will be darkעוּףבֹּ֫קֶרlike the molike the morninבֹּ֫קֶרהָיָהit will becit will becomeהָיָהצָהַרto pressto pressצָהַרעוֹףbirdbirdעוֹףבָּקַרto enquireto enquireבָּקַרהָוָאto fallto fallהָוָאמָשַׁשׁto feelto feelמָשַׁשׁחֹ֫שֶׁךְdarknessdarknessחֹ֫שֶׁךְנֶ֫דֶרvowvowנֶ֫דֶרעֵדwitnesswitnessעֵדמָהwhat?what?מָהמְגִלָּהscrollscrollמְגִלָּהנֶשֶׁרeagleeagleנֶשֶׁרשָׁכַםto riseto riseשָׁכַםעֶ֫רֶבeveningeveningעֶ֫רֶב
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Job 11:17

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and more than noon it will rise lifespan it will be dark like the morning it will become
וּֽ֭מִצָּהֳרַיִםU.mi.tzo.ho.ra.yim and more than noon H6672 Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine dual absolute
24× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a roof or a window, and can also mean noon or midday, likely due to the sun shining through a window at that time. It is used in descriptions of buildings and daily routines in the Bible.
Amplified meaning
midday, when the sun is highest
Tyndale gloss
midday
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word צֹ֫הַר (tsohar) primarily means 'midday' or 'noon,' referring to a specific time of day. It also has a secondary meaning related to 'roof,' though this interpretation is uncertain. The entries indicate that it is derived from a root meaning 'light,' suggesting a connection to brightness.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[צֹ֫הַר] n.[m.] only pl., midday, noon

base

צֹ֫הַר n.f. prob. roof;—Gn 6:16.

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6672a צֹ֫הַר only pl., midday, noon H6672b צֹ֫הַר prob. roof

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6672 tsohar tso'-har

from 6671; a light (i.e. window): dual double light, i.e.

noon:--midday, noon(-day, -tide), window.

see HEBREW for 06671

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צֹ֫הַר (tso.har) — midday.

1) noon, midday

1a) noon (as specific time of day)

1b) noon (in simile as bright of happiness, blessing)

צֹ֫הַר (tso.har) — roof.

2) roof

2a) meaning uncertain

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Prep | N-mp — Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine dual absolute
HC/R/Ncmda
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Thompson Chain Reference topics
and more than noon it will rise lifespan it will be dark like the morning it will become
יָק֣וּםya.Kum it will rise H6965 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
628× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Qum means to rise or stand up, used in various contexts like rising to power or standing firm, as seen in Jeremiah and Ezra.
Amplified meaning
clearer, shining forth
Tyndale gloss
(Leb)-kamai
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word קוּם (qum) is a primitive root meaning 'to rise' and encompasses a range of actions such as standing, becoming powerful, and establishing. It can imply a sudden or hostile rise, as well as the act of fulfilling or confirming something. The entries also note various grammatical forms, indicating its use in different contexts, including raising up or causing to stand.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash Je 51:1.

ref

קוּם 628 vb. arise, stand up, stand

Qal 460

arise

arise, in hostile sense (oft. with idea of suddenness)

arise, abs., = become powerful

arise = come on the scene, appear, of leader, prophet

arise for, i.e. to become

arise for action

arise (out of inaction), introducing some specific deed

esp. arise = start, make a move, to go somewhere

stand

Pi.

fulfil

confirm, ratify

confirm, establish

impose, an obligation

Pō‛l. raise up

Hithpō‛l. raise oneself, = rise up

Hiph.

146cause to arise, raise

raise, set up, stones

erect, build

fig, of setting up law

raise up = bring on the scene

raise up = rouse, stir up

instigate, build

fig, of setting up law

raise up = constitute

cause to stand

Hoph. be raised up

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6965a לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash H6965b קוּם arise, stand up, stand .. arise

. arise, in hostile sense (oft. with idea of suddenness)

. arise, abs., = become powerful

. arise = come on the scene, appear, of leader, prophet

. arise for, i.e. to become

. . arise for action

. arise (out of inaction), introducing some specific deed

. esp. arise = start, make a move, to go somewhere

. stand

. . fulfil

. . confirm, ratify

. confirm, establish

. impose, an obligation

. raise up

. raise oneself, = rise up

. . cause to arise, raise

. . raise, set up, stones

. erect, build

. fig, of setting up law

. raise up = bring on the scene

. . raise up = rouse, stir up

. instigate, build

. fig, of setting up law

. raise up = constitute

. cause to stand

. be raised up

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6965 quwm koom

a primitive root; to rise (in various applications, literal,

figurative, intensive and causative):--abide, accomplish, X

be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, X be dim, endure, X

enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift

up (again), make, X but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise

(up), rear (up), remain, (a-)rise (up) (again, against), rouse

up, set (up), (e-)stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up,

strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -

rising).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קָמָי (qa.may) — (Leb)-kamai.

Combined with lev (לֵב "Leb" H3820B)

§ -Kamai = "my adversary"

Leb-kamai, i.e., people of Gambulai

קוּם (qum) — to arise: rise.

: rise/get_going

1) to rise, arise, stand, rise up, stand up

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to arise

1a2) to arise (hostile sense)

1a3) to arise, become powerful

1a4) to arise, come on the scene

1a5) to stand

1a5a) to maintain oneself

1a5b) to be established, be confirmed

1a5c) to stand, endure

1a5d) to be fixed

1a5e) to be valid

1a5f) to be proven

1a5g) to be fulfilled

1a5h) to persist

1a5i) to be set, be fixed

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to fulfil

1b2) to confirm, ratify, establish, impose

1c) (Polel) to raise up

1d) (Hithpael) to raise oneself, rise up

1e) (Hiphil)

1e1) to cause to arise, raise

1e2) to raise, set up, erect, build

1e3) to raise up, bring on the scene

1e4) to raise up, rouse, stir up, investigate

1e5) to raise up, constitute

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVqi3ms
and more than noon it will rise lifespan it will be dark like the morning it will become
חָ֑לֶדCha.led lifespan H2465 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
5× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a lifetime or the world as a temporary and fleeting thing, used to describe the shortness of life.
Amplified meaning
lifetime, temporary world
Tyndale gloss
lifetime/world
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חֶ֫לֶד (cheled) refers to a fleeting portion of time, often translated as 'lifetime' or 'world.' It encompasses concepts of age and the transient nature of existence. The term suggests a brief duration and is associated with the idea of life as temporary.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חֶ֫לֶד n.[m.] duration, world

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2465 חֶ֫לֶד

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2465 cheled kheh'-led

from an unused root apparently meaning to glide swiftly; life

(as a fleeting portion of time); hence, the world (as

transient):--age, short time, world.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חֶ֫לֶד (che.led) — lifetime/world.

age, duration of life, the world

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and more than noon it will rise lifespan it will be dark like the morning it will become
תָּ֝עֻ֗פָהta.'U.fah it will be dark H5774 Noun common · feminine singular absolute
26× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word can mean flying or fainting, often due to darkness or gloom. It appears in books like Isaiah and Jeremiah, describing dramatic scenes.
Amplified meaning
times of gloom, difficulties
Tyndale gloss
to fly
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עוּף (uwph) is a Hebrew verb primarily meaning 'to fly,' with various nuances including hovering and fleeing. It can also imply covering or dimness, as seen in the related noun תְּעֻפָה (teʾuphah), which refers to gloom. The word appears in different forms, such as Qal and Hiphil, indicating various actions related to flight.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עוּף vb. fly

Qal

fly, of birds

hover (protectingly)

fly away

Hiph. dost thou cause thine eyes to fly

Pō‛l.

fly about, to and fro

cause to fly to and fro, brandish

Hithpō‛l. like a bird their glory shall fly away

base

תְּעֻפָה n.f. id. [מוּעָף];—Jb 11:17

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5774a עוּף fly H5774b תְּעֻפָה n. f. id. [מוּעָף]

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5774 `uwph oof

a primitive root; to cover (with wings or obscurity); hence

(as denominative from 5775) to fly; also (by implication of

dimness) to faint (from the darkness of swooning):--brandish,

be (wax) faint, flee away, fly (away), X set, shine forth,

weary.

see HEBREW for 05775

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עוּף (uph) — to fly.

v

1) to fly, fly about, fly away

1a)(Qal)

1a1) to fly, hover

1a2) to fly away

1b) (Hiphil) to cause to fly, light upon

1c) (Polel)

1c1) to fly about or to and fro

1c2) to cause to fly to and fro, brandish

1d) (Hithpolel) to fly away

2) (Qal) to cover, be dark

תְּעֻפָה (te.u.phah) — gloom.

gloom

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3fs | Suff — Noun common · feminine singular absolute
HNcfsa
and more than noon it will rise lifespan it will be dark like the morning it will become
כַּבֹּ֥קֶרka.Bo.ker like the morning H1242 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
214× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The break of day or morning, a time of new beginnings, as in the morning sacrifices in Exodus 29:39 or the resurrection of Jesus on the first day of the week in John 20:1.
Amplified meaning
similar to, comparable with, break of day, new beginnings
Tyndale gloss
morning
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֹּ֫קֶר (boqer) means 'morning' and is derived from the root word for 'dawn.' It encompasses the time of day when light begins to appear, marking the end of night and the start of a new day. The term can also refer to the next day or morning after a specific point in time. It is associated with brightness and joy following periods of distress.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֹּ֫קֶר 214 n.m. morning

morning (of point of time, time at which, never during which, Eng. morning = forenoon

morrow, next day

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1242 בֹּ֫קֶר morning . morning (of point of time, time at which, never during which, Eng. morning = forenoon

. morrow, next day

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1242 boqer bo'-ker

from 1239; properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally,

morning:--(+) day, early, morning, morrow.

see HEBREW for 01239

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֹּ֫קֶר (bo.qer) — morning.

1) morning, break of day

1a) morning

1a1) of end of night

1a2) of coming of daylight

1a3) of coming of sunrise

1a4) of beginning of day

1a5) of bright joy after night of distress (fig.)

1b) morrow, next day, next morning

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HRd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

mor'-ning: There are several Hebrew and Greek words which are rendered "morning," the most common in Hebrew being boqer, which occurs 180 times. It properly means "the breaking forth of the light," "the dawn," as in Ge 19:27; Jud 19:8,25,27. Another word with the same meaning is shachar (Ge 19:15; Ne 4:21; Isa 58:8). mishchar ("womb of the morning," Ps 110:3) is a poetical term derived from. the same root. See HIND OF THE MORNING. noghah, naghha' (Da 6:19 (Hebrew 20)), mean "brightness." hashkem, comes from…

Torrey's New Topical Textbook

- The second part of the day at the creation

Ge 1:5,8,13,19,23,31

- The first part of the natural day

Mr 16:2

- Ordained by God

Job 38:12

- Began with first dawn

Jos 6:15; Ps 119:147

- Continued until noon

1Ki 18:26; Ne 8:3

- First dawning of, called the eyelids of the morning

Job 3:9; 41:18

- The outgoings of, made to rejoice

Ps 65:8

- THE JEWS

. Generally rose early in

and more than noon it will rise lifespan it will be dark like the morning it will become
תִּהְיֶֽה׃tih.Yeh it will become H1961 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine singular
3,562× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.
Tyndale gloss
to be
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be

Qal

Fall out, happen

occur, take place, come about, come to pass

esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass

וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)

rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה

less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)

Come into being, become

abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come

sq. prep.

become

sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)

sq. pred. adj.

become like

sq. pred. לְ pers.

sq. לְ pred.

oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.

with עַל and לְ

sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of

Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)

exist, be in existence

abide, remain, continue

with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie

as copula, joining subj. & pred.

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen

. occur, take place, come about, come to pass

. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)

. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה

. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)

. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come

. sq. prep.

. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)

. sq. pred. adj.

. become like

. sq. pred. + לְ pers.

. sq. לְ pred.

. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.

. with עַל and לְ

. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of

. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence

. abide, remain, continue

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1961 hayah haw-yaw

a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,

come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or

auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,

committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,

fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit

(one-)self, require, X use.

see HEBREW for 01933

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.

1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out

1a) (Qal)

1a1) ---

1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass

1a1b) to come about, come to pass

1a2) to come into being, become

1a2a) to arise, appear, come

1a2b) to become

1a2b1) to become

1a2b2) to become like

1a2b3) to be instituted, be established

1a3) to be

1a3a) to exist, be in existence

1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)

1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)

1a3d) to accompany, be with

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about

1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine singular
HVqi3fs
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

be-kum':

(1) Greek ginomai, used in New Testament for a change of state, corresponding to Hebrew hayah of Old Testament. Compare Mt 18:3 with De 27:9.

(2) For what is fitting, suitable, proper, in New Testament: "prepei" (Mt 3:15; Eph 5:3; 1Ti 2:10); in Old Testament, na'awah, na'ah, Ps 93:5: "Holiness becometh thy house." in this sense, the adverb "becomingly" must be interpreted: "Walk becomingly toward them that are without" (1Th 4:12), i.e. in a way that is consistent with your profession.

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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