Job 11:19 — Word Study
WLCוְֽ֭רָבַצְתָּ וְאֵ֣ין מַחֲרִ֑יד וְחִלּ֖וּ פָנֶ֣יךָ רַבִּֽים׃
BSAYou will lie downrâbats [to rest, to stretch out] withoutʼayin fearchârad [no anxiety, none to make you afraid] and manyrab [a multitude, numerous] will courtchâlâh [make suit, entreat] your favorpânîym [be desiring to have grace in your eyes, request you to do things for them]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְֽ֭רָבַצְתָּ | and you will lie down | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect second person masculine singular |
| וְאֵ֣ין | and there not | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| מַחֲרִ֑יד | [will be one who] disturbs | Verb, Hiphil, participle (active) masculine singular |
| וְחִלּ֖וּ | and they will entreat | Verb, Piel, sequential perfect third person common plural |
| פָנֶ֣יךָ | face your | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| רַבִּֽים׃ | many [people] | Adj |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | You will lie down without fear, and many will court your favor. |
| KJV | Also thou shalt lie down, and none shall make thee afraid; yea, many shall make suit unto thee. |
| ASV | Also thou shalt lie down, and none shall make thee afraid; Yea, many shall make suit unto thee. |
| YLT | And thou hast rested, And none is causing trembling, And many have entreated thy face; |
| WEB | Also you will lie down, and no one will make you afraid. Yes, many will court your favor. |
| BBE | Sleeping with no fear of danger; and men will be desiring to have grace in your eyes; |
Where they part company is in the nuances of translation.
The sentence is structured with a main clause followed by subordinate clauses that elaborate on the conditions of peace and favor.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectחָרַד
verbרָבַץ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 11:19
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Reflection on Peace and Favorgenerated
Job 11:19 is part of a larger discourse where Job discusses the benefits of a righteous life. He emphasizes the tranquility that comes from living rightly, contrasting it with the fate of the wicked. The surrounding verses highlight security and hope, painting a picture of a life blessed by God.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Job 42:8–9 | So now, take seven bulls and seven rams, go to My servant Job, and sacrifice a burnt offering for yourselves. Then My servant Job will pray for you, for I will accept his prayer and not deal with you according to your folly. For you have not spoken accurately about Me, as My servant Job has.” |
| 2 | Genesis 26:26–31 | Later, Abimelech came to Isaac from Gerar, with Ahuzzath his adviser and Phicol the commander of his army. |
| 3 | Psalm 45:12 | The Daughter of Tyre will come with a gift; men of wealth will seek your favor. |
| 4 | Proverbs 19:6 | Many seek the favor of the prince, and everyone is a friend of the gift giver. |
| 5 | Isaiah 60:14 | The sons of your oppressors will come and bow down to you; all who reviled you will fall facedown at your feet and call you the City of the LORD, Zion of the Holy One of Israel. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 6 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — רָבַץ, Ve.ra.vatz.tagenerated
The verb רָבַץ (rabatz) means to lie down or stretch out. It conveys the idea of resting or reclining, often associated with safety and comfort. The parsing indicates it is a sequential perfect verb in the second person masculine singular, suggesting a direct address to the listener about their future state.
In this context, it implies a peaceful repose, free from disturbances, emphasizing a state of well-being that comes from divine favor.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations agree on the essence of Job's message in this verse.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb רָבַצְתָּ (you will lie down) governs the sentence, with two main phrases following. The first clause describes the action of lying down, while the second clause introduces the subject of those who will seek favor.
The structure emphasizes the promise of peace and the multitude seeking favor, highlighting the relationship between personal security and social standing.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew רָבַץ is rendered as κατακλιθῆναι, meaning to lie down. This choice aligns with the Hebrew meaning but emphasizes a more passive state of resting.
The Greek word for 'many' is πολλοί, which similarly conveys the idea of a multitude, maintaining the original's intent.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 11:19 assures that you can lie down peacefully without fear, and many will seek your favor. This reflects a life of righteousness that brings security and social goodwill.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies a state of peace and security, free from anxiety or threats.
The many likely refer to people who recognize and desire the blessings of a righteous life.
It highlights the contrast between the peace of the righteous and the turmoil of the wicked, reinforcing the theme of divine justice.
Favor here suggests a desire for goodwill and support from others, often resulting from a life lived in accordance with God's ways.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does it mean for me to lie down without fear in my own life?
- How can I cultivate favor with those around me?
- In what ways do I seek God's favor in my daily actions?
- How does understanding this verse change my perspective on anxiety and security?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The early church fathers have commented on this verse, often discussing the implications of peace and favor in the life of the believer.
Also thou shalt lie down, and there shall be none to make thee afraid. Whosoever seeks present glory doubtless dreads contempt. He, who is ever agape after gain, is ever surely in fear of loss.Early Church Fathers on Job 11 →
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 11:19 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAlso thou shall lie down, and none shall make [thee] afraid,.... Either lie down on his bed, as before, or by his flocks, and where they lie down, and none should disturb him or them; not thieves and
Read John Gill on Job 11 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAlso thou shalt lie down, and none shall make thee afraid; yea, many shall make suit unto thee. Also thou shalt lie down, and none shall make thee afraid.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 11 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleDesiring thy favour and friendship, because of thy great power, and riches, and eminent felicity: see , &c.
Read Matthew Poole on Job 11 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 11:19 Also thou shalt lie down, and none shall make [thee] afraid; yea, many shall make suit unto thee.Ver. 19. Thou shalt lie down, and none shall make thee afraid] Thou shalt walk about the world like a conqueror, being ever under a double guard, the peace of God within thee, Philippians 4:7, and the power of God without thee, 1 Peter 1:5, neither shall any enemy come upon thee in the night to fright and to disturb thee, which is a great mercy. It is not long since we of this nation did eat the bread of our souls in peril of our lives, neither could we rest in our beds for the sound of the trumpet, the alarm of war. Destruction upon destruction was cried, &c., Jeremiah 4:19-20. Should…
Read John Trapp on Job 11 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges19. make suit unto thee] The phrase means literally: shall stroke thy face, i. e. supplicate or flatter thee. Proverbs 19:6; Psalms 45:12. The picture which Zophar draws of Job’s restored prosperity is beautiful. (1) Trouble shall be forgotten, or remembered as waters that are passed away; and the memory of a past trouble that cannot recur but makes the present happiness greater (Job 11:16). (2) And the future shall rise brighter than noon, or, it may be, shall increase towards brightness more than the noon does, shewing an ever-growing clearness; and if it be at any time clouded, as in any life however clear there are clouds, the darkness shall only be a lesser light like that of the…
Read Cambridge on Job 11 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleMany shall make suit unto thee - Many shall come in a suppliant manner to ask counsel and advice. The meaning is, that he would be a man of distinction, to whom many would look for counsel.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 11 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible19. Lie down — The image is Oriental, and is derived from flocks or herds in a state of repose.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Job 11 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
You will lie down without fear, and many will court your favor.
Also you will lie down, and no one will make you afraid. Yes, many will court your favor.
You will lie down without fear, and many will court your favor.
You will lie down with no one to make you afraid, and many will seek your favor.
Tyndale line
Also thou shalt lie down, and none shall make thee afraid; yea, many shall make suit unto thee.
Also thou shalt lie down, and none shall make thee afraid; Yea, many shall make suit unto thee.
Also thou shalt lie down, and none shall make thee afraid; yea, many shall make suit unto thee.
Also thou shalt lie down, and none shall make thee afraid; yes, many shall make suit to thee.
For when thou takest thy rest, none shall make thee afraide: yea, many shall make sute vnto thee.
Strictly literal
Yea, thou shalt lie down, and none shall make thee afraid; and many shall seek thy favour.
And thou hast rested, And none is causing trembling, And many have entreated thy face;
And you have rested, || And none is causing trembling, || And many have begged [at] your face;
Also thou wilt stretch thyself out [to rest], with none to make thee afraid; and many will entreat thy favor.
Also you would lie down in rest, and none would make you afraid; indeed, many would seek your favor.
From the Latin
Thou shalt rest, and there shall be none to make thee afraid: and many shall entreat thy face.
Simplified
You will lie down to sleep with no one to frighten you, and many will come asking for your favor.
Sleeping with no fear of danger; and men will be desiring to have grace in your eyes;
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint show agreement in the overall message of the verse, with four of the six words matched. The Septuagint's word order and articles differ, but the core ideas remain consistent.
וְֽ֭רָבַצְתָּ וְאֵ֣ין מַחֲרִ֑יד וְחִלּ֖וּ פָנֶ֣יךָ רַבִּֽים׃
4 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 11:19
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
רָבַץ (rabats) is a Hebrew verb meaning to stretch out or lie down. It encompasses actions like reclining, brooding, or lurking, and can imply causing something to lie down as well. The entries indicate its use in various forms, including Qal and Hiphil, but do not provide specific verse references.
רָבַץ vb. stretch oneself out, lie down, lie stretched out
Qal lie down, lie
Hiph. cause to lie down, or lie
base
H7257 רָבַץ stretch oneself out, lie down, lie stretched out
7257 rabats raw-bats'
a primitive root; to crouch (on all four legs folded, like a
recumbent animal); be implication, to recline, repose, brood,
lurk, imbed:--crouch (down), fall down, make a fold, lay,
(cause to, make to) lie (down), make to rest, sit.
רָבַץ (ra.vats) — to stretch.
1) to stretch oneself out, lie down, lie stretched out
1a) (Qal) to lie down, lie
1b)(Hiphil) to cause to lie down
1b1) laying (stones)
Conj | V-Qal-2ms — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect second person masculine singularHc/Vqq2ms
אַ֫יִן (ayin) primarily means 'nothing' or 'nought' and serves as a negative particle indicating absence or negation, such as 'is not' or 'there is not.' It can also express lack of possession or existence. The word is derived from a root meaning to be non-existent, and it appears frequently in various grammatical constructions.
אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought
to nothing, as nothing
cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not
אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not
in circumst. clauses
with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …
with prefixes
base
H369 אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought . to nothing, as nothing
. cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not
. אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not
. in circumst. clauses
. with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …
. with prefixes
369 'ayin ah'-yin
as if from a primitive root meaning to be nothing or not
exist; a non-entity; generally used as a negative
particle:--else, except, fail, (father-)less, be gone,
in(-curable), neither, never, no (where), none, nor, (any,
thing), not, nothing, to nought, past, un(-searchable),
well-nigh, without. Compare 370.
see HEBREW for 0370
אַ֫יִן (a.yin) — nothing.
1) nothing, not, nought n
1a) nothing, nought neg
1b) not
1c) to have not (of possession) adv
1d) without w/prep
1e) for lack of
Conj | Part — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
חָרַד (charad) is a Hebrew verb meaning to tremble or be terrified. It encompasses a range of meanings, including trembling of both people and mountains, being anxiously careful, and causing others to tremble, particularly in the context of driving an army in terror. The entries suggest a strong emphasis on fear and anxiety.
חָרַד vb. tremble, be terrified
Qal
tremble, quake
tremble, of persons
be anxiously careful
with preps. pregn. = go or come trembling
Hiph. drive in terror, rout as army
base
H2729 חָרַד tremble, be terrified .. tremble, quake
. tremble, of persons
. be anxiously careful
. with preps. pregn. = go or come trembling
. drive in terror, rout as army
2729 charad khaw-rad'
a primitive root; to shudder with terror; hence, to fear;
also to hasten (with anxiety):--be (make) afraid, be careful,
discomfit, fray (away), quake, tremble.
חָרַד (cha.rad) — to tremble.
1) to tremble, quake, move about, be afraid, be startled, be terrified
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to tremble, quake (of a mountain)
1a2) to tremble (of people)
1a3) to be anxiously careful
1a4) to go or come trembling (with prep)
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to tremble
1b2) to drive in terror, rout (an army)
V-Hiphil — Verb · Hiphil · participle (active) masculine singularHVhrmsa
The Hebrew word חָלָה (*chalah*) is built from a primitive root meaning to be rubbed or worn, covering a range of meanings related to weakness, sickness, and grief. It can refer to becoming weak or ill, making oneself sick, or even entreating favor. The entries indicate various grammatical forms, including Qal, Piel, and Hiphil, which express different nuances of these concepts.
חָלָה vb. be weak, sick
Qal
be or become weak
become sick, ill
Niph.
make oneself sick, fig. for strain oneself
be made sick
Pi. make sick
Pu. be made weak
Hithp. make oneself sick
Hiph.
make (sick, i.e.) sore thy smiting
make sick
shew (signs of) sickness, become sick
Hoph. make sick = wounded
base
[חָלָה] vb. only Pi. mollify, appease, entreat the favour of
base
H2470a חָלָה be weak, sick .. be or become weak
. become sick, ill
. . make oneself sick, fig. for strain oneself
. be made sick
. make sick
. be made weak
. make oneself sick
. . make (sick, i.e.) sore thy smiting
. make sick
. shew (signs of) sickness, become sick
. make sick = wounded
H2470b חָלָה only Pi. mollify, appease, entreat the favour of
2470 chalah khaw-law'
a primitive root (compare 2342, 2470, 2490); properly, to be
rubbed or worn; hence (figuratively) to be weak, sick,
afflicted; or (causatively) to grieve, make sick; also to
stroke (in flattering), entreat:--beseech, (be) diseased, (put
to) grief, be grieved, (be) grievous, infirmity, intreat, lay
to, put to pain, X pray, make prayer, be (fall, make) sick,
sore, be sorry, make suit (X supplication), woman in travail,
be (become) weak, be wounded.
see HEBREW for 02342
see HEBREW for 02470
see HEBREW for 02490
חָלָה (cha.lah) — be weak: weak.
: weak/disabled
1) to be or become weak, be or become sick, be or become diseased, be or become grieved, be or become sorry
1a) (Qal) to be weak, be sick
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to be or become weak, feel weak
1b2) to become sick, become ill
1c) (Niphal)
1c1) to make oneself sick
1c2) to be made sick
1c3) to be tired
1d) (Pual) to be made weak, become weak
1e) (Hithpael) to make oneself sick
1f) (Hiphil)
1f1) to make sore
1f2) to make sick
1f3) to show signs of sickness, become sick
1f4) to grieve
1g) (Hophal)
1g1) to be made sick
1g2) to be wounded
חָלָה (cha.lah) — to beg.
1) (Piel)
1a) (CLBL) to mollify, entreat, pray, beg
חָלָה (cha.lah) — be weak: ill.
: ill/injured
1) to be or become weak, be or become sick, be or become diseased, be or become grieved, be or become sorry
1a) (Qal) to be weak, be sick
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to be or become weak, feel weak
Conj | V-Piel-3cp — Verb · Piel · sequential perfect third person common pluralHc/Vpq3cp
en-tret'.
See INTREAT.
The Hebrew word פָּנֶה (*pāneh*) is a noun meaning 'face' or 'presence,' and it appears in various contexts, including the faces of seraphim and animals, as well as the surface of the ground. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in front of.' The word is built from a root that suggests turning or facing, and it encompasses a wide range of applications, both literal and figurative.
[פָּנֶה], pl. פָּנִים 2123 n.m. face, also faces
face, faces
presence, person
technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
face of seraphim
face of animals
face (= surface) of ground
as adv.loc. before
for other phrases
with prepositions
base
H6440 פָּנֶה, pl. פָּנִים face, also faces . . face, faces
. . presence, person
. technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
. face of seraphim
. face of animals
. face (= surface) of ground
. as adv. loc. before
. for other phrases
. with prepositions
6440 paniym paw-neem'
plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun (paneh
{paw-neh'}; from 6437); the face (as the part that turns);
used in a great variety of applications (literally and
figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a
preposition (before, etc.):--+ accept, a-(be- )fore(-time),
against, anger, X as (long as), at, + battle, + because (of),
+ beseech, countenance, edge, + employ, endure, + enquire,
face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er
time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, X him(-self), +
honourable, + impudent, + in, it, look(-eth) (- s), X me, +
meet, X more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), X on,
open, + out of, over against, the partial, person, + please,
presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, + regard, right
forth, + serve, X shewbread, sight, state, straight, + street,
X thee, X them(-selves), through (+ - out), till, time(-s)
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face: before.
: before/to/front
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face.
: face
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from…
N-cp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp2ms
רַב (rav) means much, many, or great, often used in contrast to מְעַט (me'at). It can describe abundance in quantity or rank and is also used as a noun for chief or captain. The word conveys a range of meanings from numerous to exceedingly, and it can function as both an adjective and a noun.
רַב 429 adj. much, many, great
(oft. opp. מְעַט)
much: of substances
esp. of collectives, numerous
pl. many
רַב as subst. coll. pers.
cstr. = abounding in
מִן comp. = more numerous than
רַב = abundant, enough
as adv. much, exceedingly
less oft. great
base
רַב 49 n.m. chief
base
H7227a רַב much, many, great . (oft. opp. מְעַט) . . much: of substances
. esp. of collectives, numerous
. pl. many
. רַב as subst. coll. pers.
. cstr. = abounding in
. + מִן comp. = more numerous than
. רַב = abundant, enough
. as adv. much, exceedingly
. less oft. great
H7227b רַב chief
7227 rab rab
by contracted from 7231; abundant (in quantity, size, age,
number, rank, quality):--(in) abound(-undance, -ant, -antly),
captain, elder, enough, exceedingly, full, great(-ly, man,
one), increase, long (enough, (time)), (do, have) many(-ifold,
things, a time), ((ship-))master, mighty, more, (too, very)
much, multiply(-tude), officer, often(-times), plenteous,
populous, prince, process (of time), suffice(-lent).
see HEBREW for 07231
רַב (rav) — many.
adj
1) much, many, great
1a) much
1b) many
1c) abounding in
1d) more numerous than
1e) abundant, enough
1f) great
1g) strong
1h) greater than
adv
1i) much, exceedingly
רַב (rav) — chief.
captain, chief
Aramaic equivalent: rav.re.van (רַבְרְבָן "noble" H7261)
רַב (rav) — (Sidon) the Great.
Combined with tsi.don (צִידוֹן "Sidon" H6721H)
§ captain, chief
Adj — AdjHAampa
pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (about 2,000 times), with le'om, and goy, next in order; but the various Hebrew words are used with very little or no difference in force (e.g. Pr 14:28; but, on the other hand, in Ps 44 contrast verses 12 and 14). Of the changes introduced by the Revised Version (British and American) the only one of significance (cited explicitly in the Preface to the English Revised Version) is the frequent use of the plural "peoples" (strangely avoided in the King James Version except Re 10:11; 17:15), where other nations than Israel are in question. So, for instance, in Ps…