Job 23:9 — Word Study
WLCשְׂמֹ֣אול בַּעֲשֹׂת֣וֹ וְלֹא־ אָ֑חַז יַעְטֹ֥ף יָ֝מִ֗ין וְלֹ֣א אֶרְאֶֽה׃
BSAWhen He is at workʻâsâh [to the left] in the northsᵉmôʼwl I cannotlôʼ behold [Him]châzâh▸ [see, perceive] when He turnsʻâṭaph▸ [hides himself, moves] to the southyâmîyn I cannotlôʼ see [Him]râʼâh▸ [behold, look upon]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| שְׂמֹ֣אול | [the] left [side] | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| בַּעֲשֹׂת֣וֹ | when acts he | Preposition, verb qal infinitive construct common, suffix |
| וְלֹא־ | and not | Conjunction, particle |
| אָ֑חַז | I see [him] | Verb, Qal, imperfect first person common singular |
| יַעְטֹ֥ף | he turns | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| יָ֝מִ֗ין | [the] right [side] | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| וְלֹ֣א | and not | Conjunction, particle |
| אֶרְאֶֽה׃ | I see [him] | Verb, Qal, imperfect first person common singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | When He is at work in the north, I cannot behold Him; when He turns to the south, I cannot see Him. |
| KJV | On the left hand, where he doth work, but I cannot behold him: he hideth himself on the right hand, that I cannot see him: |
| ASV | On the left hand, when he doth work, but I cannot behold him; He hideth himself on the right hand, that I cannot see him. |
| YLT | [To] the left in His working — and I see not, He is covered [on] the right, and I behold not. |
| WEB | He works to the north, but I can’t see him. He turns south, but I can’t catch a glimpse of him. |
| BBE | I am looking for him on the left hand, but there is no sign of him; and turning to the right, I am not able to see him. |
Where they part company is שְׂמֹאל — see How Translations Differ.
Two main clauses with temporal phrases that express Job's search for God in different directions.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbאחז
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 23:9
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Search for Godgenerated
Job 23:9 reflects Job's lament as he searches for God amidst his suffering. He feels that no matter where he looks — north or south — he cannot find God. This verse is part of a larger discourse where Job expresses his desire to understand his plight and seek God's presence, highlighting his struggle and faith in the midst of trials.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 89:46 | How long, O LORD? Will You hide Yourself forever? Will Your wrath keep burning like fire? |
| 2 | Isaiah 8:17 | I will wait for the LORD, who is hiding His face from the house of Jacob. I will put my trust in Him. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — שְׂמֹאל, se.Molgenerated
The word שְׂמֹאל (se.Mol) means 'left' and can refer to the left hand or side. It also denotes the direction north when facing east. The connection to darkness or being enveloped suggests a deeper significance when Job speaks of God's presence being in the north.
In this verse, it emphasizes Job's inability to perceive God when He is at work in that direction. The parsing as a masculine singular noun indicates a specific location or orientation, reinforcing the directional aspect of Job's search.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The structure of the verse is governed by two main clauses, each beginning with a temporal phrase: בַּעֲשֹׂת֣וֹ (when He is at work) and יַעְטֹ֥ף (when He turns). Each clause presents Job's inability to see God in both the north and south.
The order of the clauses emphasizes Job's search in different directions, with the verb אָ֑חַז (I see) indicating his longing to perceive God, while the adverbial phrases specify the locations.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew שְׂמֹאל is rendered as ἀριστερὰ (aristera), which also means 'left' but does not carry the same connotation of direction as the Hebrew. This choice reflects a more straightforward translation.
The Greek word choice does not encapsulate the deeper implications of darkness associated with the north in the Hebrew, which highlights a difference in interpretative nuance between the two texts.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 23:9 shows Job expressing his inability to see God no matter which direction he looks. He feels that when God works in the north, he cannot perceive Him, and when God turns to the south, he still cannot see Him. This verse captures Job's struggle to find God in his suffering.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Job is expressing his feeling of separation from God, indicating that despite his efforts to seek God, he feels unable to perceive His presence.
Job uses these directions to illustrate his complete search for God, emphasizing that no matter where he looks, he cannot find Him.
Job's search highlights his deep desire for understanding and connection with God, even amidst his suffering and confusion.
This verse reflects the central theme of Job's struggle with his faith and understanding of God's justice, as he grapples with his suffering and seeks answers.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I feel distant from God, and how can I seek Him more earnestly?
- How can I find comfort in the knowledge that God is present even when I cannot perceive Him?
- What does it mean for me to search for God in my own life, especially during difficult times?
- How can Job's example encourage me to remain faithful in my search for understanding?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 23:9 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleOn the left hand, where he doth work, but I cannot behold [him],.... The northern part of the world, where his seat is, or the circle of the earth, says Bar Tzemach, and who has stretched out the
Read John Gill on Job 23 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryOn the left hand, where he doth work, but I cannot behold him: he hideth himself on the right hand, that I cannot see him: Rather, 'To the north.' Work.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 23 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleWhere he doth work, to wit, in a special and peculiar manner, more than in other parts of the world; for so indeed God did work in those parts which were northward from Job, because there mankind (among whom God delights to be and to work) were most numerous, and most ingenious to discern God’ s works. There also was the seat of the Assyrian empire, which was eminent in Job’ s time, and afterwards of the other successive empires; in and by all which God did many great and glorious works. But this Hebrew word is by others, and that very properly and fitly, rendered when, or whilst, he worketh, to wit, in an eminent manner. So this is added to aggravate Job’ s unhappiness. We may certainly…
Read Matthew Poole on Job 23 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 23:9 On the left hand, where he doth work, but I cannot behold [him]: he hideth himself on the right hand, that I cannot see [him]:Ver. 9. On the left hand, where he doth work] i.e. Northward; where God is said to work; either because that in the north part of heaven are more signs, and of more remarkable influence, than in the south; or else because the northern parts of the world are more inhabited than the southern, because more temperate; and so there is more of God to be seen there in his works, as letters refracted in a glass. Seculum est speculum, quo Deum intueamur. But I cannot behold him] He hideth hlmself on the right hand, &c.] He worketh not so much in the southern parts of…
Read John Trapp on Job 23 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 9. On the left hand, where he doth work] In these two verses Job mentions the four cardinal points of the heavens: the EAST, by the word קדם kedem, which signifies before; the WEST, by אחור achor, which signifies after, or the back part; the NORTH, by שמאל semol, which signifies the left; and the SOUTH, by ימין yamin, which signifies the right. Such is the situation of the world to a man who faces the east; see Genesis 13:9; Genesis 13:11; Genesis 28:14. And from this it appears that the Hebrews, Idumeans, and Arabs had the same ideas of these points of the heavens. It is worthy of remark that Job says, He hideth himself on the right hand, (the south,) that I cannot see him: for in…
Read AdamClarke on Job 23 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges8–9. From this fascinating dream of a Divine tribunal after the manner of that of a human judge, Job awakens to realise the actual circumstances in which he is placed. God, everywhere present, everywhere eludes him; he feels His omnipotent power, but in vain seeks to see His face.
Read Cambridge on Job 23 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleOn the left hand - That is, in the North - at the left hand when the face was turned to the East.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 23 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible9. On the left hand — To the north. Where he doth work — Where more strikingly the phenomena of nature declare divine agency.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Job 23 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
When He is at work in the north, I cannot behold Him; when He turns to the south, I cannot see Him.
He works to the north, but I can’t see him. He turns south, but I can’t catch a glimpse of him.
When He is at work in the north, I cannot behold Him; when He turns to the south, I cannot see Him.
In the north when he is at work, I do not see him; when he turns to the south, I see no trace of him.
Tyndale line
On the left hand, where he doth work, but I cannot behold him: he hideth himself on the right hand, that I cannot see him:
On the left hand, when he doth work, but I cannot behold him; He hideth himself on the right hand, that I cannot see him.
On the left hand, when he doth work, but I cannot behold him: he hideth himself on the right hand, that I cannot see him.
On the left hand, where he doth work, but I cannot behold him : he hideth himself on the right hand, that I cannot see him :
If to the North where he worketh, yet I cannot see him: he wil hide himselfe in the South, and I cannot beholde him.
Strictly literal
On the left hand, where he doth work, but I behold [him] not; he hideth himself on the right hand, and I see [him] not.
[To] the left in His working — and I see not, He is covered [on] the right, and I behold not.
[To] the left in His working—and I do not see, || He is covered [on] the right, and I do not behold.
When he doth great things at the north, I behold him not; he hideth himself in the south—and I see him not.
To the north, where he is at work, but I cannot see him, and to the south, where he hides himself so that I cannot see him.
From the Latin
If to the left hand, what shall I do? I shall not take hold on him: if I turn myself to the right hand, I shall not see him.
Simplified
If he's working in the north, I don't perceive him; if he's moving south, I don't see him.
I am looking for him on the left hand, but there is no sign of him; and turning to the right, I am not able to see him.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text (MT) of Job 23:9 states, "שְׂמֹ֣אול בַּעֲשֹׂת֣וֹ וְלֹא־ אָ֑חַז יַעְטֹ֥ף יָ֝מִ֗ין וְלֹ֣א אֶרְאֶֽה׃" which translates to, "When He is at work in the north, I cannot behold Him; when He turns to the south, I cannot see Him." The Septuagint (LXX) agrees with the MT in meaning and word correspondence, as all 8 words match, although the word order and articles differ due to the nature of Greek syntax. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the Dead Sea Scrolls do not provide additional variants for this verse, thus reinforcing the agreement between the MT and LXX in this instance.
שְׂמֹ֣אול בַּעֲשֹׂת֣וֹ וְלֹא־ אָ֑חַז יַעְטֹ֥ף יָ֝מִ֗ין וְלֹ֣א אֶרְאֶֽה׃
8 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 23:9
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
שְׂמֹאל (semol) means 'left' and can refer to the left hand or side. It also denotes the direction north when facing east. The word is derived from the idea of darkness or being enveloped, suggesting a connection to the north. The entries consistently highlight these meanings without significant disagreement.
שְׂמֹאל, שְׂמֹאול 54 n.[m.] the left (√ dub.)
left, region on the left
left hand
= north (on left of one facing east)
base
H8040 שְׂמֹאל, שְׂמֹאול the left (√ dub.) . left, region on the left
. left hand
. = north (on left of one facing east)
8040 smo'wl sem-ole'
or smosl {sem-ole'}; a primitive word (rather perhaps from
the same as 8071 (by insertion of the aleph) through the idea
of wrapping up); properly, dark (as enveloped), i.e. the
north; hence (by orientation), the left hand:--left (hand,
side).
see HEBREW for 08071
שְׂמֹאל (se.mo.l) — left.
1) the left, the left hand, the left side
1a) left
1b) left hand
1c) north (as one faces east)
שְׂמֹאל (se.mo.l) — left: north.
1) the left, the left hand, the left side
1a) left
1b) left hand
1c) north (as one faces east)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
si'-de (Side): An ancient town of Pamphylia, occupying a triangular promontory on the coast. It was one of the towns to which a letter favorable to the Jews was sent by the Roman consul Lucius (1 Macc 15:23). The town seems to have been of considerable antiquity, for it had existed long before it fell into the possession of Alexander the Great, and for a time it was the metropolis of Pamphylia. Off the coast the fleet of Antiochus was defeated by the Rhodians. During the 1st century, Side was noted as one of the chief ports of pirates who disposed of much of their booty there. The ruins of the city, which are now very extensive, bear the name Eski Adalia, but among them there are no occupied houses. The two harbors protected by a sea wall may still be traced, but they are now filled with sand. The wall on the land side of the city was provided with a gate which was protected with round…
a city on the coast of Pamphylia, 10 or 12 miles to the east of the river Eurymedon. It is mentioned in 1 Macc. 15:23, and was a colony of Cumaeans.
עָשָׂה (asah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to do or make, encompassing a wide range of actions such as producing, preparing, and observing. It can refer to both concrete and abstract activities, including making offerings and attending to tasks. The verb also has forms indicating passive meanings, such as being made or offered. Notably, the Piel form refers to pressing or squeezing.
עָשָׂה 2622 vb. do, make
Qal 2524
do (1560 t.)
deal with
oft. in phr. do kindness with
abs. act, act with effect
make (670 t.)
produce, yield
prepare, esp. of dressing and cooking food
make offering
attend to, put in order
observe, celebrate, religious festival
acquire property of various kinds
appoint priests
bring about of י׳’s effecting a deliverance
use
spend, pass, days of life
Niph.
97be done
be made, of concr. things
be produced from vine
be prepared, of food
be offered
be observed, passover
be used
Pu. I was made
base
[עָשָׂה] vb. Pi. press, squeeze
base
H6213a עָשָׂה do, make .. . do (1560 + t.)
. deal with
. oft. in phr. do kindness with
. abs. act, act with effect
. . make (670 + t.)
. produce, yield
. prepare, esp. of dressing and cooking food
. make offering
. attend to, put in order
. observe, celebrate, religious festival
. acquire property of various kinds
. appoint priests
. bring about of י׳’s effecting a deliverance
. use
. spend, pass, days of life
. . be done
. . be made, of concr. things
. be produced from vine
. be prepared, of food
. be offered
. be observed, passover
. be used
. I was made
H6213b עָשָׂה Pi. press, squeeze
6213 `asah aw-saw'
a primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and
widest application (as follows):--accomplish, advance,
appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth,
bruise, be busy, X certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal
(with), deck, + displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in)
execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, + feast, (fight-)ing man, +
finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go
about, govern, grant, great, + hinder, hold ((a feast)), X
indeed, + be industrious, + journey, keep, labour, maintain,
make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, + officer, pare,
bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure,
provide, put, requite, X sacrifice, serve, set, shew, X sin,
spend, X surely, take, X thoroughly, trim, X very, + vex, be
(warr-)ior, work(-man), yield, use.
עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to make: do.
: do/perform
1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to do, work, make, produce
1a1a) to do
1a1b) to work
1a1c) to deal (with)
1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect
1a2) to make
1a2a) to make
1a2b) to produce
1a2c) to prepare
1a2d) to make (an offering)
1a2e) to attend to, put in order
1a2f) to observe, celebrate
1a2g) to acquire (property)
1a2h) to appoint, ordain, institute
1a2i) to bring about
1a2j) to use
1a2k) to spend, pass
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be done
1b2) to be made
1b3) to be produced
1b4) to be offered
1b5) to be observed
1b6) to be used
1c) (Pual) to be made
עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to press.
(Piel) to press, squeeze
עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to make.
: make(OBJECT)
1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to do, work, make, produce
1a1a) to do
1a1b) to work
1a1c) to deal (with)
1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect
1a2) to make
1a2a) to make
1a2b) to produce
Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a | Suff — Preposition · verb qal infinitive construct common · suffixHR/Vqcc/Sp3ms
ha: The fifth letter of the Hebrew alphabet; transliterated in this Encyclopedia as "h." It came also to be used for the number 5. For name, etc., see ALPHABET.
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Conj | Part — Conjunction · particleHC/Tn
חָזָה (chazah) is a Hebrew verb primarily used in poetic contexts, meaning to see or behold. It encompasses a range of meanings including perceiving, contemplating, and having visions, often in an ecstatic state. The entries highlight its use in prophesying and providing insight, with an Aramaic equivalent also noted.
חָזָה vb. (almost wholly poet.) see, behold
Qal
see, behold
see as a seer in the ecstatic state
see, perceive
base
H2372 חָזָה (almost wholly poet.) see, behold
2372 chazah khaw-zaw'
a primitive root; to gaze at; mentally, to perceive,
contemplate (with pleasure); specifically, to have a vision
of:--behold, look, prophesy, provide, see.
חָזָה (cha.zah) — to see.
1) to see, perceive, look, behold, prophesy, provide
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to see, behold
1a2) to see as a seer in the ecstatic state
1a3) to see, perceive
1a3a) with the intelligence
1a3b) to see (by experience)
1a3c) to provide
Aramaic equivalent: cha.zah (חֲזָה "to see" H2370)
V-Qal-Imperf-1cs — Verb · Qal · imperfect first person common singularHVqi1cs
The Hebrew word עָטַף (*ataph*) is a primitive root meaning to shroud or clothe, with a range of meanings including to turn aside, envelop oneself, and to be feeble or faint. It appears in various forms, such as Qal, Niph, Hiph, and Hithpael, indicating different nuances of turning aside or showing weakness. The word is notably referenced in Job 23:9.
[עָטַף] vb. be feeble, faint
Qal lit. be feeble
Niph. when infants faint
Hiph. when the flock shewed feebleness
Hithp. faint, faint away
base
H5848a עָטַף turn aside H5848b עָטַף envelop oneself (Aramaism) H5848c עָטַף be feeble, faint
5848 `ataph aw-taf'
a primitive root; to shroud, i.e. clothe (whether transitive
or reflex.); hence (from the idea of darkness) to languish:--
cover (over), fail, faint, feebler, hide self, be overwhelmed,
swoon.
עָטַף (a.taph) — to turn aside.
1) to turn aside
1a) (Qal) to turn aside, turn (in order to cover)
עָטַף (a.taph) — to envelope.
1) to envelop oneself
1a) (Qal) to envelop oneself, cover
עָטַף (a.taph) — to enfeeble.
1) to be feeble, be faint, grow weak
1a) (Qal) to be feeble, be faint
1b) (Niphal) to faint
1c) (Hiphil) to show feebleness
1d) (Hithpael) to faint, faint away
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
The Hebrew word יָמִין (*yamiyn*) means 'right hand' or 'right side,' and it can also refer to the direction south, as the right hand points south when facing east. It is derived from the root word for 'to be strong' and covers various contexts, including body parts and directional references.
יָמִין 137 n.f. right hand
right hand
of situation on, or direction toward the right
of other parts of the body
= south, because when facing east the right hand is toward the south
base
H3225 יָמִין right hand . right hand
. of situation on, or direction toward the right
. of other parts of the body
. = south, because when facing east the right hand is toward the south
3225 yamiyn yaw-meen'
from 3231; the right hand or side (leg, eye) of a person or
other object (as the stronger and more dexterous); locally,
the south:--+ left-handed, right (hand, side), south.
see HEBREW for 03231
יָמִין (ya.min) — right.
1) right, right hand, right side
1a) right hand
1b) right (of direction)
1c) south (the direction of the right hand when facing East)
Also means: ya.min (יָמִין ": south" H3225H)
יָמִין (ya.min) — right: south.
1) right, right hand, right side
1a) right hand
1b) right (of direction)
1c) south (the direction of the right hand when facing East)
יָמִין (ya.min) — [Ben]jamin.
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.35.18;
son of: Israel (H3478) and Rachel (H7354);
brother of: Joseph (H3130);
half-brother of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074) and Dinah (H1783);
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
si'-de (Side): An ancient town of Pamphylia, occupying a triangular promontory on the coast. It was one of the towns to which a letter favorable to the Jews was sent by the Roman consul Lucius (1 Macc 15:23). The town seems to have been of considerable antiquity, for it had existed long before it fell into the possession of Alexander the Great, and for a time it was the metropolis of Pamphylia. Off the coast the fleet of Antiochus was defeated by the Rhodians. During the 1st century, Side was noted as one of the chief ports of pirates who disposed of much of their booty there. The ruins of the city, which are now very extensive, bear the name Eski Adalia, but among them there are no occupied houses. The two harbors protected by a sea wall may still be traced, but they are now filled with sand. The wall on the land side of the city was provided with a gate which was protected with round…
a city on the coast of Pamphylia, 10 or 12 miles to the east of the river Eurymedon. It is mentioned in 1 Macc. 15:23, and was a colony of Cumaeans.
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Conj | Part — Conjunction · particleHC/Tn
רָאָה (ra'ah) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to see' and encompasses a wide range of visual and perceptual actions, including looking, observing, and causing others to see. It can refer to both literal sight and figurative understanding, with various grammatical forms indicating different nuances, such as appearing or being visible. The entries indicate a rich semantic field without significant disagreement among lexicographers.
רָאָה 1315 vb. see
Qal 1141
see, subj.
see, c. acc. rei
see, sq. acc. cl. or phr. of closer design
see, so as to learn to know
abs. see, have (power of) vision
see = perceive
look at, see, by direct volition
of mental observation
c. ב, lit., look into, hence look at with interest
see, c. acc. rei
Niph.
appear
be seen
be visible
Pu. appar. his bones are not detected
Hithp. recipr. look at each other
Hiph.
cause one to see something, shew
cause to experience something
cause to look intently at, to behold
Hoph.
be caused to see, be shewn
be exhibited to
base
H7200a רָאָה see .. . see, subj.
. see, c. acc. rei
. see, sq. acc. + cl. or phr. of closer design
. see, so as to learn to know
. abs. see, have (power of) vision
. see = perceive
. look at, see, by direct volition
. of mental observation
. . c. ב, lit., look into, hence look at with interest
. see, c. acc. rei
. . appear
. be seen
. be visible
. appar. his bones are not detected
. recipr. look at each other
. . . cause one to see something, shew
. cause to experience something
. cause to look intently at, to behold
. . be caused to see, be shewn
. be exhibited to
H7200b רְאוּת look
7200 ra'ah raw-aw'
a primitive root; to see, literally or figuratively (in
numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive,
intransitive and causative):--advise self, appear, approve,
behold, X certainly, consider, discern, (make to) enjoy, have
experience, gaze, take heed, X indeed, X joyfully, lo, look
(on, one another, one on another, one upon another, out, up,
upon), mark, meet, X be near, perceive, present, provide,
regard, (have) respect, (fore-, cause to, let) see(-r, -m, one
another), shew (self), X sight of others, (e-)spy, stare, X
surely, X think, view, visions.
רָאָה (ra.ah) — to see: see.
: see/show
1) to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to see
1a2) to see, perceive
1a3) to see, have vision
1a4) to look at, see, regard, look after, see after, learn about, observe, watch, look upon, look out, find out
1a5) to see, observe, consider, look at, give attention to, discern, distinguish
1a6) to look at, gaze at
1a7) to provide, choose
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to appear, present oneself
1b2) to be seen
1b3) to be visible
1c) (Pual) to be seen
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to see, show
1d2) to cause to look intently at, behold, cause to gaze at
1e) (Hophal)
1e1) to be caused to see, be shown
1e2) to be exhibited to
1f) (Hithpael) to look at each other, face
רָאָה (ra.ah) — to see: examine.
: examine/consider
1) to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to see
1a2) to see, perceive
1a3) to see, have vision
V-Qal-Imperf-1cs — Verb · Qal · imperfect first person common singularHVqi1cs