Job 34:12 — Word Study
WLCאַף־ אָמְנָ֗ם אֵ֥ל לֹֽא־ יַרְשִׁ֑יעַ וְ֝שַׁדַּ֗י לֹֽא־ יְעַוֵּ֥ת מִשְׁפָּֽט׃
BSAIndeedʼaph it is trueʼomnâm [certainly, surely] ◂that Godʼêl [Elohim, the supreme Ruler] does notlôʼ act wickedlyrâshaʻ▸ [do evil, act wrongly] ◂and the AlmightyShadday [Shadday, all-powerful] does notlôʼ pervertʻâvath▸ [twist, distort] justicemishpâṭ [righteous judgment]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| אַף־ | also | Particle |
| אָמְנָ֗ם | truly | Adverb |
| אֵ֥ל | God | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| לֹֽא־ | not | Particle |
| יַרְשִׁ֑יעַ | he acts wickedly | Verb, Hiphil, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| וְ֝שַׁדַּ֗י | and [the] Almighty | Conjunction, noun proper |
| לֹֽא־ | not | Particle |
| יְעַוֵּ֥ת | he perverts | Verb, Piel, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| מִשְׁפָּֽט׃ | justice | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Indeed, it is true that God does not act wickedly, and the Almighty does not pervert justice. |
| KJV | Yea, surely God will not do wickedly, neither will the Almighty pervert judgment. |
| ASV | Yea, of a surety, God will not do wickedly, Neither will the Almighty pervert justice. |
| YLT | Yea, truly, God doth not do wickedly, And the Mighty doth not pervert judgment. |
| WEB | Yes surely, God will not do wickedly, neither will the Almighty pervert justice. |
| BBE | Truly, God does not do evil, and the Ruler of all is not a false judge. |
Where they part company is אָמְנָם — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence consists of two main clauses linked by a conjunction, emphasizing both assertions about God's character.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectאֵל
verbרָשַׁע
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 34:12
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Defense of God's Justicegenerated
Job 34:12 emphasizes God's unwavering justice, asserting that He does not act wickedly and does not pervert justice. This statement comes in the context of Job defending his integrity and God's character against the accusations of his friends, who suggest that suffering is a result of wrongdoing. Job insists on God's righteousness, which aligns with the broader themes of justice found throughout the book of Job.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 11:7 | For the LORD is righteous; He loves justice. The upright will see His face. |
| 2 | Psalm 145:17 | The LORD is righteous in all His ways and kind in all His deeds. |
| 3 | Habakkuk 1:12–13 | Are You not from everlasting, O LORD, my God, my Holy One? We will not die. O LORD, You have appointed them to execute judgment; O Rock, You have established them for correction. |
| 4 | Job 8:3 | Does God pervert justice? Does the Almighty pervert what is right? |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — אֵל, 'elgenerated
The Hebrew word אֵל ('el) primarily means 'God' and conveys the idea of might or strength. It can refer to the one true God of Israel, as well as to other deities, angels, and mighty men. This word is significant in this verse as it underscores the authority and power of God, reinforcing the assertion of His justice.
The parsing as a noun indicates that it is used in a singular absolute form, emphasizing God's unique position as the supreme ruler. The context of this verse highlights God's character, asserting that He is not only powerful but also just.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against. The BSB has does not act wickedly and does not pervert justice, which aligns with the KJV and ASV.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The structure of this verse is straightforward, with a series of clauses connected by conjunctions. The main subject is אֵ֥ל ('el), followed by a negation and two verbs that describe God's actions. This arrangement emphasizes the certainty of God's justice.
The finite verbs יַרְשִׁ֑יעַ and יְעַוֵּ֥ת are both in the imperfect tense, indicating ongoing actions that God does not engage in, reinforcing the theme of His unchanging nature.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew אֵל is rendered as παντοκράτωρ, which means 'Almighty' and emphasizes God's supreme power. This choice aligns with the Hebrew understanding of God's might.
The Greek translation captures the essence of God's justice but may reflect a broader interpretation of His authority, which can differ from the Hebrew text's focus on His specific actions.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 34:12 tells us that God does not act wickedly and does not twist justice. This verse emphasizes God's perfect nature and His commitment to righteousness, reinforcing the idea that He is just and fair in all His ways.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It means that God is inherently good and just, and He does not engage in wrongdoing or evil.
This verse reinforces Job's argument that despite his suffering, God remains just and does not pervert justice.
Affirming God's character as just is crucial for understanding the nature of suffering and the moral order of the universe.
We can trust that God is just in our own circumstances and seek to reflect His justice in our actions towards others.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see God's justice at work in the world around me?
- How can I trust in God's justice during times of personal suffering or hardship?
- What does it mean for me to reflect God's character of justice in my daily life?
- How can I encourage others to understand and trust in God's justice?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Gregory the Dialogist comments on this verse, arguing from it to emphasize God's righteousness and justice in His dealings with humanity.
For truly God will not condemn without cause, nor will the Almighty subvert judgment. The Lord said to the devil, Thou hast moved Me against him to afflict him without cause.Early Church Fathers on Job 34 →
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 34:12 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleYea, surely God will not do wickedly,.... This truth is repeated and affirmed in the strongest manner; or "will not condemn", as the Vulgate Latin version, and so the Targum, that is, he will not
Read John Gill on Job 34 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryYea, surely God will not do wickedly, neither will the Almighty pervert judgment. (Job 8:3.) In opposition to Job (Job 34:5). Will not - cannot.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 34 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleAs Job hath wickedly affirmed. For the phrase, See Poole "".
Read Matthew Poole on Job 34 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 34:12 Yea, surely God will not do wickedly, neither will the Almighty pervert judgment.Ver. 12. Yea, surely God will not do wickedly] This must be laid down for a certain truth, and is, therefore, so reiterated. Job had said as much to this purpose as Elihu could do; but then he had seemingly dashed all again with his inconsiderate complaints and murmurings. This Elihu could not bear, but again and again celebrateth the righteousness of God; and when he hath said his utmost, seemeth to say, as Cicero once did of Crassus and Antony, the Roman orators, That if any man think he had said too much in commendation of them, he must needs be such a one as either knew them not or was not able to…
Read John Trapp on Job 34 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges10–19. This charge of injustice Elihu rebuts, first, on the general ground of its impiety: God cannot be thought of as acting in the way Job asserted—He rewardeth every man according to his works (Job 34:10-12); and second, he then resolves the general idea into two distinct thoughts, Job 34:13-15, and Job 34:16-19.
Read Cambridge on Job 34 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleYea, surely God will not do wickedly - So important does Elihu hold this principle to be, that he repeats it, and dwells upon it.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 34 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible12. Surely — The word is radically the amen, verily, of the New Testament. In no stronger language could he lay down the proposition he is about to illustrate — God cannot do wrong.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Job 34 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Indeed, it is true that God does not act wickedly, and the Almighty does not pervert justice.
Yes surely, God will not do wickedly, neither will the Almighty pervert justice.
Indeed, it is true that God does not act wickedly, and the Almighty does not pervert justice.
Indeed, in truth, God does not act wickedly, and the Almighty does not pervert justice.
Tyndale line
Yea, surely God will not do wickedly, neither will the Almighty pervert judgment.
Yea, of a surety, God will not do wickedly, Neither will the Almighty pervert justice.
Yea, of a surety, God will not do wickedly, neither will the Almighty pervert judgment.
Yes, surely God will not do wickedly, neither will the Almighty pervert judgment.
And certainely God will not do wickedly, neither will the Almightie peruert iudgement.
Strictly literal
Yea, surely, God acteth not wickedly, and the Almighty perverteth not judgment.
Yea, truly, God doth not do wickedly, And the Mighty doth not pervert judgment.
Indeed, truly, God does not do wickedly, || And the Mighty does not pervert judgment.
Yea, surely God will not condemn unjustly, nor will the Almighty pervert justice.
Indeed, God does nothing wicked, nor does the Almighty ever pervert justice.
From the Latin
For in very deed God will not condemn without cause, neither will the Almighty pervert judgment.
Simplified
It's absolutely sure that God doesn't act wickedly; the Almighty would never pervert justice.
Truly, God does not do evil, and the Ruler of all is not a false judge.
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in meaning, with seven out of nine words matched. The Septuagint's phrasing may differ, but it conveys the same core message about God's justice and integrity.
אַף־ אָמְנָ֗ם אֵ֥ל לֹֽא־ יַרְשִׁ֑יעַ וְ֝שַׁדַּ֗י לֹֽא־ יְעַוֵּ֥ת מִשְׁפָּֽט׃
7 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 34:12
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word אַף (aph) is a conjunction that indicates addition, often implying something greater. It can mean 'also,' 'yea,' or 'though,' and is used to connect ideas in a sentence. The entries highlight its use as both an adverb and conjunction, with a focus on its additive nature.
אַף conj. denoting addition, esp. of something greater, also, yea
base
H637 אַף conj. denoting addition, esp. of something greater, also, yea
637 'aph af
a primitive particle; meaning accession (used as an adverb or
conjunction); also or yea; adversatively though:--also, +
although, and (furthermore, yet), but, even, + how much less
(more, rather than), moreover, with, yea.
אַף (aph) — also.
conj (denoting addition, esp of something greater)
1) also, yea, though, so much the more
adv
2) furthermore, indeed
Aramaic equivalent: aph (אַף "also" H0638)
DirObjM — ParticleHTj
ol'-so: In the Greek kai, when it is equivalent to "also" or "even," is always placed before the word or phrase which it is intended to emphasize (e.g. Ac 12:3; 1 Joh 4:21). Mt 6:14 should therefore read, "Your heavenly Father will forgive you also"; Lu 6:13, "Whom also he named apostles"; Heb 8:6, "The mediator of a better covenant also"; and 1Th 4:14, `If we believe that Jesus died and rose again, so also (we believe that) those who are fallen asleep in Jesus, God will bring with Him.'
אָמְנָם (omnam) is an adverb meaning 'verily' or 'truly,' used to affirm statements with certainty. It is derived from the root word for 'truth' and conveys a sense of assurance or emphasis in assertions. The entries consistently highlight its use in affirmations, but there are no notable disagreements among the lexicons.
אָמְנָם adv. (= אֻמְנָם) verily, truly, in asseverations
base
H551 אָמְנָם verily, truly, in asseverations
551 'omnam om-nawm'
adverb from 544; verily:--indeed, no doubt, surely, (it is,
of a) true(-ly, -th).
see HEBREW for 0544
אׇמְנָם (om.nam) — truly.
verily, truly, surely
Adv — AdverbHD
The Hebrew word אֵל (*'el*) primarily means 'god' and conveys the idea of might or strength. It can refer to the one true God of Israel, as well as to other deities, angels, and mighty men. The entries highlight its use in various contexts, including nature and power, but do not present significant disagreement among lexicons.
אֵל n.m. god, but with various subordinate applications to express the idea of might
applied to men of might and rank
angels
gods of the nations
Ēl
as characterizing mighty things in nature
God, the one only and true God of Israel
אֵל strength, power
base
H410 אֵל god, but with various subordinate applications to express the idea of might . applied to men of might and rank
. angels
. gods of the nations
. Ēl
. as characterizing mighty things in nature
. God, the one only and true God of Israel
. אֵל strength, power
410 'el ale
shortened from 352; strength; as adjective, mighty;
especially the Almighty (but used also of any deity):--God
(god), X goodly, X great, idol, might(-y one), power, strong.
Compare names in "-el."
see HEBREW for 0352
אֵל (el) — God.
This name means god, god-like one, mighty one, strength, power
Another name of ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068G)
אֵל (el) — El (Berith).
This name means god, god-like one, mighty one, strength, power
Combined with "Berith" (berith בְּרִית H1286)
אֵל (el) — El (Elohe).
Another name of ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068G)
This name means god, god-like one, mighty one, strength, power
Combined with "God" (elohim אֱלֹהִים H0430)
אֵל (el) — El (Most High).
Another name of ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068G)
This name means god, god-like one, mighty one, strength, power
Combined with "Most High" (el.yon עֶלְיוֹן H5945B)
אֵל (el) — god.
: god
1) god, god-like one, mighty one
1a) mighty men, men of rank, mighty heroes
1b) angels
1c) god, false god, (demons, imaginations)
1d) God, the one true God, Jehovah
2) mighty things in nature
3) strength, power
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
god ('Elohim, 'El, [`Elyon], Shadday, Yahweh; Theos):
I. INTRODUCTION TO THE GENERAL IDEA
1. The Idea in Experience and in Thought
2. Definition of the Idea
3. The Knowledge of God
4. Ethnic Ideas of God
(1) Animism
(2) Fetishism
(3) Idolatry
(4) Polytheism
(5) Henotheism
(6) Pantheism
(7) Deism
(8) Semitic Monolatry
(9) Monotheism
II. THE IDEA OF GOD IN THE OLD TESTAMENT
1. The Course of Its Development
2. Forms of Its Manifestation
(1) The Face or Countenance of God
(2) The Voice and Word of God
(3) The Glory of God
(4) The Angel of God
(5) The Spirit of God
(6) The Name of God
(7) Occasional Forms
3. The Names of God
(1) Generic
(2) Attributive
(3) Yahweh
4. Pre-prophetic Conceptions of God
(1) Yahweh Alone Is the God of Israel
(a) His Early Worship
(b) Popular Religion
(c) Polytheistic Tendencies
(i) Coordination
(ii) Assimilation
(iii) Disintegration
(d) No Hebrew Goddesses
(e) Human Sacrifices
God
(A.S. and Dutch God; Dan. Gud; Ger. Gott), the name of the Divine Being. It is the rendering (1) of the Hebrew ’El, from a word meaning to be strong; (2) of ’Eloah_, plural _’Elohim. The singular form, Eloah, is used only in poetry. The plural form is more commonly used in all parts of the Bible, The Hebrew word Jehovah (q.v.), the only other word generally employed to denote the Supreme Being, is uniformly rendered in the Authorized Version by “LORD,” printed in small capitals. The existence of God is taken for granted in the Bible. There is nowhere any argument to prove it. He who disbelieves this truth is spoken of as one devoid of understanding (Ps. 14:1).
The arguments generally adduced by theologians in proof of the being of God are:
(1.) The a priori argument, which is the testimony afforded by reason.
(good). Throughout the Hebrew Scriptures two chief names are used for the one true divine Being--ELOHIM, commonly translated God in our version, and JEHOVAH, translated Lord . Elohim is the plural of Eloah (in Arabic Allah); it is often used in the short form EL (a word signifying strength , as in EL-SHADDAI, God Almighty, the name by which God was specially known to the patriarchs. (Genesis 17:1; 28:3; Exodus 6:3) The etymology is uncertain, but it is generally agreed that the primary idea is that of strength, power of effect , and that it properly describes God in that character in which he is exhibited to all men in his works, as the creator, sustainer and supreme governor of the world. The plural form of Elohim has given rise to much discussion. The fanciful idea that it…
This name, the derivation of which is uncertain, we give to that eternal, infinite, perfect, and incomprehensible Being, the Creator of all things, who preserves and governs all by his almighty power and wisdom, and is the only proper object of worship. The proper Hebrew name for God is JEHOVAH, which signifies He is. But the Jews, from a feeling of reverence, avoid pronouncing this name, substituting for it, wherever it occurs in the sacred test, the word ADONAI, Lord; except in the expression, ADONAI JEHOVAH, Lord Jehovah, for which they put, ADONAI ELOHIM, Lord God. This usage, which is not without an element of superstition, is very ancient, dating its origin some centuries before Christ; but there is no good ground for assuming its existence in the days of the inspired Old Testament writers. The proper word for God is ELOHIM, which is plural in its form, being thus used to signify…
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Part — ParticleHTn
רָשַׁע (rasha`) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be wicked or to act wickedly. It covers various aspects of wrongdoing, including being guilty and condemning others in both civil and ethical contexts. The entries indicate a distinction between its basic meaning of wickedness and its implications of guilt and condemnation.
[רָשַׁע] vb. denom. be wicked, act wickedly
Qal
be wicked, act wickedly
be guilty
Hiph.
condemn as guilty, in civil relations
condemn as guilty, in ethical and religious relations
act wickedly, in ethics and religious
base
H7561 רָשַׁע vb. denom. be wicked, act wickedly .. be wicked, act wickedly
. be guilty
. . condemn as guilty, in civil relations
. condemn as guilty, in ethical and religious relations
. act wickedly, in ethics and religious
7561 rasha` raw-shah'
a primitive root; to be (causatively, do or declare) wrong;
by implication, to disturb, violate:--condemn, make trouble,
vex, be (commit, deal, depart, do) wicked(-ly, -ness).
רָשַׁע (ra.sah) — be wicked.
1) to be wicked, act wickedly
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be wicked, act wickedly
1a2) to be guilty, be condemned
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to condemn as guilty (in civil relations)
1b2) to condemn as guilty (in ethical or religious relations)
1b3) to act wickedly (in ethics and religion)
V-Hiphil-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect third person masculine singularHVhi3ms
שַׁדַּי (Shadday) is a Hebrew word meaning 'Almighty' and is often used to refer to God. It is derived from a root that suggests self-sufficiency. The entries indicate that this term emphasizes God's power and might, and it is recognized as another name for the LORD (יהוה).
שַׁדַּי 48 n.m.dei (etym. dub. (1) (self-)sufficient. (2) = Almighty)
base
H7706 שַׁדַּי (etym. dub. (1) (self-)sufficient. (2) = Almighty)
7706 Shadday shad-dah'-ee
from 7703; the Almighty:--Almighty.
see HEBREW for 07703
שַׁדַּי (shad.day) — Almighty.
Shaddai, the Almighty (God)
Another name of ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068G)
This name means almighty, most powerful
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun properHC/Npt
ol-mit'-i:
(1) (shaddai (Ge 17:1)): Found in the Old Testament forty-eight times, most of these in the Book of Job; it occurs either alone or in combination with 'el, "God"). The root meaning is uncertain.
(2) (pantokrator), the exclusive translation of this Greek word in the New Testament, found principally in Re (nine times), once besides (2Co 6:18). Its occurrence in the Apocrypha is frequent. See GOD, NAMES OF.
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Part — ParticleHTn
The Hebrew word עָוַת (*avath*) is a primitive root meaning to wrest or make crooked. It covers actions like perverting, falsifying, and subverting, often in contexts related to justice or morality. The entries indicate various forms, including making something crooked or bending oneself.
[עָוַת] vb. be bent, crooked
Pi.
make crooked = falsify scales; pervert justice
bend, make crooked
Pu. what is bent
Hithp. and the strong men bend themselves.
base
H5791 עָוַת
5791 `avath aw-vath'
a primitive root; to wrest:--bow self, (make) crooked.,
falsifying, overthrow, deal perversely, pervert, subvert, turn
upside down.
עָוַת (a.vat) — to pervert.
1) to be bent, be crooked, bend, make crooked, pervert
1a)(Piel)
1a1) to make crooked, falsify, pervert, subvert
1a2) to bend, make crooked
1b) (Pual) thing bent (participle)
1c) (Hithpael) to bend oneself
V-Piel-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Piel · imperfect third person masculine singularHVpi3ms
The Hebrew word מִשְׁפָּט (mishpat) primarily means judgment or justice and encompasses various aspects such as legal rights, ordinances, and decisions. It is derived from a root meaning to pronounce a verdict, covering both human and divine law. The entries highlight its application in legal contexts, including the act of deciding cases and the attributes of justice and rectitude.
מִשְׁפָּט 422 n.m. judgment
judgment
justice, right, rectitude
ordinance
decision
one's (legal) right, privilege, due
proper, fitting, measure
custom, manner
what manner of
plan
base
H4941 מִשְׁפָּט judgment . judgment
. justice, right, rectitude
. ordinance
. decision
. one's (legal) right, privilege, due
. . proper, fitting, measure
. custom, manner
. what manner of
. plan
4941 mishpat mish-pawt'
from 8199; properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable)
pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree
(human or (participant's) divine law, individual or
collective), including the act, the place, the suit, the
crime, and the penalty; abstractly, justice, including a
participant's right or privilege (statutory or customary), or
even a style:--+ adversary, ceremony, charge, X crime,
custom, desert, determination, discretion, disposing, due,
fashion, form, to be judged, judgment, just(-ice, -ly),
(manner of) law(-ful), manner, measure, (due) order,
ordinance, right, sentence, usest, X worthy, + wrong.
see HEBREW for 08199
מִשְׁפָּט (mish.pat) — justice: judgement.
: judgement/punishment
1) judgment, justice, ordinance
1a) judgment
1a1) act of deciding a case
1a2) place, court, seat of judgment
1a3) process, procedure, litigation (before judges)
1a4) case, cause (presented for judgment)
1a5) sentence, decision (of judgment)
1a6) execution (of judgment)
1a7) time (of judgment)
1b) justice, right, rectitude (attributes of God or man)
1c) ordinance
1d) decision (in law)
1e) right, privilege, due (legal)
1f) proper, fitting, measure, fitness, custom, manner, plan
מִשְׁפָּט (mish.pat) — justice.
: justice/right/righteousness
1) judgment, justice, ordinance
1a) judgment
1a1) act of deciding a case
1a2) place, court, seat of judgment
1a3) process, procedure, litigation (before judges)
1a4) case, cause (presented for judgment)
1a5) sentence, decision (of judgment)
1a6) execution (of judgment)
1a7) time (of judgment)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
jus'-tis (tsedhaqah; tsedheq; dikaiosune): The original Hebrew and Greek words are the same as those rendered "righteousness." This is the common rendering, and in about half the cases where we have "just" and "justice" in the King James Version, the American Standard Revised Version has changed to "righteous" and "righteousness." It must be constantly borne in mind that the two ideas are essentially the same.
See RIGHTEOUSNESS.
1. Human Justice:
Justice had primarily to do with conduct in relation to others, especially with regard to the rights of others. It is applied to business, where just weights and measures are demanded (Le 19:35,36; De 25:13-16; Am 8:5; Pr 11:1; 16:11…
Justice
Is rendering to every one that which is his due. It has been distinguished from equity in this respect, that while justice means merely the doing what positive law demands, equity means the doing of what is fair and right in every separate case.
A principle of righteousness and equity, controlling our conduct, and securing a due regard to all the rights of others-their persons, property, character, and interests. It has to do, not with pecuniary transactions alone, but with all our intercourse with society. It forms a chief element of the character approved in God’s word; and a truly just man has but to "love mercy, and walk humbly with God," to fulfil all righteousness. Justice in magistrates, rulers, and judges, must be fearless and impartial, and all its decisions such as will bear revision before the court of heaven, De 1:16,17 2Sa 23:3 2Ch 19:6-10. Judgement is peculiarly the prerogative of God, and every earthly tribunal lies under the shadow of the "great white…
→ General scriptures concerning Ex 23:1-3,6-8; Le 19:13-15; De 16:18-20; 25:1-4; Ezr 7:26; Ps 72:1,2; 82:2-4; Pr 17:15,26; 18:5,17; 20:8; 22:27; 24:23; 28:21; 29:26; Ec 3:16,17; 5:8; 7:7; Isa 1:17; 56:1; 59:14,15; Jer 22:1-4; La 3:35,36; Am 5:7,11,12;