Job 41:18 — Word Study
WLCעֲֽ֭טִישֹׁתָיו תָּ֣הֶל א֑וֹר וְ֝עֵינָ֗יו כְּעַפְעַפֵּי־ שָֽׁחַר׃
BSAto overtakenâsag swordchereb withoutbᵉlîy -kamaiqûwm spearchănîyth quarrymaççâʻ lanceshiryôwn
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| עֲֽ֭טִישֹׁתָיו | sneezing its | Noun common feminine plural construct, suffix |
| תָּ֣הֶל | it flashes forth | Verb, Hiphil, imperfect third person feminine singular |
| א֑וֹר | light | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| וְ֝עֵינָ֗יו | and eyes its | Conjunction, noun common feminine dual construct, suffix |
| כְּעַפְעַפֵּי־ | [are] like [the] eyelids of | Preposition, noun common masculine plural construct |
| שָֽׁחַר׃ | dawn | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | His snorting flashes with light, and his eyes are like the rays of dawn. |
| KJV | By his neesings a light doth shine, and his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning. |
| ASV | His sneezings flash forth light, And his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning. |
| YLT | His sneezings cause light to shine, And his eyes [are] as the eyelids of the dawn. |
| WEB | His sneezing flashes out light. His eyes are like the eyelids of the morning. |
| BBE | His sneezings give out flames, and his eyes are like the eyes of the dawn. |
The translations agree on the imagery of the creature's sneezing and its brightness.
The sentence has a main clause followed by comparative phrases that enhance the description of the creature.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbחֶרֶב
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 6 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 41:18
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — God's Description of the Leviathangenerated
Job 41:18 is part of a larger passage where God describes the Leviathan, a powerful and fearsome creature. This description serves to highlight God's creative power and the majesty of His creations, contrasting with Job's limited understanding. The verses surrounding this one further emphasize the creature's strength and the futility of human attempts to control or understand it fully.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Job 3:9 | May its morning stars grow dark; may it wait in vain for daylight; may it not see the breaking of dawn. |
| 2 | Revelation 1:14 | The hair of His head was white like wool, as white as snow, and His eyes were like a blazing fire. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — עֲטִישֹׁתָיו, 'aTi.sho.tavgenerated
The word עֲטִישָׁה (atiyshah) means 'sneezing' and is derived from an unused root related to the act of sneezing. This term appears in the plural form in this verse, indicating the creature's powerful and forceful expulsion of air.
It is noteworthy that this word is used only once in the Bible, making its meaning particularly unique. The imagery of sneezing here conveys a sudden and intense action, reflecting the creature's might.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations agree on the imagery of the creature's sneezing and its brightness.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb in this verse is תָּ֣הֶל, it flashes forth, which governs the description of the creature's actions. The structure highlights the creature's attributes by linking the action of sneezing to the resulting light.
The sentence structure reflects a poetic style, using vivid imagery to convey the awe of the creature's presence.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates the Hebrew word for 'sneezing' as αὐτῷ, which suggests a focus on the creature itself rather than the action. This choice may imply a broader interpretation of the creature's power and presence.
The Greek rendering does not fully capture the unique imagery of sneezing found in the Hebrew, indicating a potential narrowing of the original meaning.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 41:18 describes a creature whose sneezes shine brightly and whose eyes are like the rays of dawn. This vivid imagery emphasizes the creature's power and the wonder of God's creation.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The sneezing represents a powerful and forceful action, highlighting the creature's might and the awe it inspires.
The comparison suggests brightness and beauty, emphasizing the creature's majestic and fearsome nature.
This verse is part of God's response to Job, illustrating the grandeur of His creation and the limitations of human understanding.
The description teaches us about the power of God's creations and encourages humility in our understanding of the natural world.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does this imagery reveal about the nature of God's creations?
- How can we apply the lesson of humility in our lives when considering the power of nature?
- In what ways does this description challenge our understanding of the world around us?
- How can we appreciate the beauty and might of creation as depicted in this verse?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentators like Gregory the Dialogist and Olympiodorus of Alexandria reflect on this verse, discussing the significance of the imagery used.
His sneezing is the splendour of fire. And his eyes as the eyelids of the morning. 56. This passage we expound the better, if we first enquire, how sneezing is produced.Early Church Fathers on Job 41 →
Others believe that here he alludes to the fact that sneezing has the power to purify the brain; therefore, [the devil] transfigures himself into light, and even pretends to be able to purify.Early Church Fathers on Job 41 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 41:18 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleBy his neesings a light doth shine,.... The philosopher (i) observes, that those who look to the sun are more apt to sneeze: and it is taken notice of by various writers (k), that the crocodile
Read John Gill on Job 41 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryBy his neesings a light doth shine, and his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning. His neesings , [ `ªTiyshaah (H5846)].
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 41 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleBy his neesings; which may be understood either, 1. Of any commotion or agitation of the body, like that which is in neezing, as when the whale stirreth himself and casteth or shooteth up great spouts of water into the air by the pipes which God hath planted in his head for this use; which water being thin, and transparent, and illuminated by the sun-beams, casts forth a shining light. Or, 2. Of neezing properly so called, which the crocodile is said frequently to do, because it commonly turneth its eyes to the sun, as Strabo and others note; which when a man doth, he is apt to neeze. Like the eyelids of the morning; to which they seem very fitly compared, because the eyes both of the whale…
Read Matthew Poole on Job 41 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 41:18 By his neesings a light doth shine, and his eyes [are] like the eyelids of the morning.Ver. 18. By his neesings a light doth shine] When this dreadful monster sneezeth, or snorteth, fire breaketh out at his eyes and nose. By this neesing of the whale is meant the abundance of white frothy water which he casteth forth at his nostrils, In sublime nimbos efflat (Plin. lib. 9, c. 6). And his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning] Bright and beamy. Olaus writeth of the Norway whales, that their eyes shine in a dark night like a fire; so that mariners have oft thought, when they have seen them, that they saw a great fire.
Read John Trapp on Job 41 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(18) By his neesings a light doth shine, and his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning—i.e., fiery red and glowing.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 41 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 18. By his neesings a light doth shine] It is very likely that this may be taken literally. When he spurts up the water out of his nostrils, the drops form a sort of iris or rainbow. We have seen this effect produced when, in certain situations and state of the atmosphere, water was thrown up forcibly, so as to be broken into small drops, which has occasioned an appearance like the rainbow. The eyelids of the morning.] It is said that, under the water, the eyes of the crocodile are exceedingly dull; but when he lifts his head above water they sparkle with the greatest vivacity. Hence the Egyptians, in their hieroglyphics, made the eyes of the crocodile the emblem of the morning.…
Read AdamClarke on Job 41 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges12–34. Description of the parts of Leviathan.
Read Cambridge on Job 41 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleBy his neesings a light doth shine - The word rendered “neesings” means properly sneezing, and the literal sense here would be, “His sneezings, light shines.” Coverdale renders it, “His nesinge is
Read Albert Barnes on Job 41 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
His snorting flashes with light, and his eyes are like the rays of dawn.
His sneezing flashes out light. His eyes are like the eyelids of the morning.
His snorting flashes with light, and his eyes are like the rays of dawn.
Its snorting throws out flashes of light; its eyes are like the red glow of dawn.
Tyndale line
By his neesings a light doth shine, and his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning.
His sneezings flash forth light, And his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning.
His neesings flash forth light, and his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning.
His sneezings flash light, and his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning.
He esteemeth yron as strawe, and brasse as rotten wood.
Strictly literal
His sneezings flash light, and his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning.
His sneezings cause light to shine, And his eyes [are] as the eyelids of the dawn.
His sneezings cause light to shine, || And his eyes [are] as the eyelids of the dawn.
(41:10) From his sneezing there beameth forth a light, and his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning-dawn.
Light flashes out from his snorting; his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning dawn.
From the Latin
For he shall esteem iron as straw, and brass as rotten wood.
Simplified
When it sneezes light shines out. Its eyes are like the rising sun.
His sneezings give out flames, and his eyes are like the eyes of the dawn.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree on the wording of this verse, with four out of six words matching directly. However, the Septuagint's word order and articles differ, reflecting its own interpretive choices.
עֲֽ֭טִישֹׁתָיו תָּ֣הֶל א֑וֹר וְ֝עֵינָ֗יו כְּעַפְעַפֵּי־ שָֽׁחַר׃
4 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 41:18
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
עֲטִישָׁה (atiyshah) refers to the act of sneezing. It is derived from an unused root that conveys the meaning of sneezing. The term appears in the plural form in Job 41:10.
[עֲטִישָׁה] n.f. sneezing;—pl. sf. Jb 41:10
ref
H5846 עֲטִישָׁה, עֵטִישָׁה
5846 `atiyshah at-ee-shaw'
from an unused root meaning to sneeze; sneezing:--sneezing.
עֲטִישָׁה (a.ti.shah) — sneezing.
sneezing
HNcfpc/Sp3ms — Noun common feminine plural construct · suffixHNcfpc/Sp3ms
The Hebrew word הָלַל (halal) is a primitive root that encompasses meanings related to shining, boasting, and foolishness. It can signify to praise or celebrate, often in a clamorously foolish manner, and includes the idea of making a boast or being made a fool of. The entries indicate a range of uses, from expressing God's favor to acting madly.
[הָלַל] vb. shine
Qal when it, viz. his lamp, shone upon my head, fig. of God’s favour.
Hiph. flash forth light
base
[הָלַל] vb. be boastful, Pi. praise
Qal be boastful
Pi.
praise man or woman
usually praise י׳
appar. boast, make one’s boast
Pu. be praised
Hithpa. glory, boast, make one’s boast
Po‛el make into a fool, make a fool of
Po‛al of laughter I said, It is mad (folly)
Hithpo. act madly, or like a madman
base
H1984a הָלַל shine H1984b הָלַל be boastful, Pi. praise H1984c הָלַל be boastful, Pi. praise .be boastful
. . praise man or woman
. usually praise י׳
. appar. boast, make one’s boast
. be praised
. glory, boast, make one’s boast
.make into a fool, make a fool of
.of laughter I said, It is mad (folly)
. act madly, or like a madman
1984 halal haw-lal'
a primitive root; to be clear (orig. of sound, but usually of
color); to shine; hence, to make a show, to boast; and thus to
be (clamorously) foolish; to rave; causatively, to celebrate;
also to stultify:--(make) boast (self), celebrate, commend,
(deal, make), fool(- ish, -ly), glory, give (light), be (make,
feign self) mad (against), give in marriage, (sing, be worthy
of) praise, rage, renowned, shine.
הָלַל (ha.lal) — to shine.
1) to shine
1a) (Qal) to shine (fig. of God's favour)
1b) (Hiphil) to flash forth light
הָלַל (ha.lal) — to boast: praise.
: praise
1) to praise, boast, be boastful
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be boastful
1a2) boastful ones, boasters (participle)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to praise
1b2) to boast, make a boast
1c) (Pual)
1c1) to be praised, be made praiseworthy, be commended, be worthy of praise
1d) (Hithpael) to boast, glory, make one's boast
הָלַל (ha.lal) — to be foolish.
1) (Poel) to make a fool of, make into a fool
1f) (Hithpoel) to act madly, act like a madman
הָלַל (ha.lal) — to boast: boast.
: boast
1) to praise, boast, be boastful
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be boastful
1a2) boastful ones, boasters (participle)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to praise
1b2) to boast, make a boast
1c) (Pual)
1c1) to be praised, be made praiseworthy, be commended, be worthy of praise
HVhi3fs — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect third person feminine singularHVhi3fs
forth: "Forth," adverb (from "for"), signifies movement
(1) forward,
(2) out of,
(3) beyond a certain boundary.
In a few instances in the Old Testament it is the translation of the preposition `al, properly "above," "upon" (2Ki 11:15; 2Ch 23:14; Am 7:17 the King James Version), and of chuts, "without" (Ge 39:13; Jud 19:25). "Forth" is often used as an expletive of various verbs, as "break (forth)," "bring (forth)," "call (forth)," etc. In the Gospel of John it is the translation of exo, "without," as "Lazarus, come forth" (11:43; so 15:6; 19:4 the King James Version…
אוֹר (or) means 'light' and encompasses various forms of illumination, including daylight, dawn, and the light of heavenly bodies like the sun and stars. It can also refer to metaphorical concepts such as the light of life, prosperity, and instruction, as well as Yahweh as a source of light.
אוֹר 121 n.m. light
light as diffused in nature, light of day
morning light, dawn
light of the heavenly luminaries
daylight
lightning
light of lamp
light of life
light of prosperity
light of instruction
light of face
Yahweh
base
H216 אוֹר light . light as diffused in nature, light of day
. morning light, dawn
. light of the heavenly luminaries
. daylight
. lightning
. light of lamp
. light of life
. light of prosperity
. light of instruction
. light of face
. Yahweh
216 'owr ore
from 215; illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every
sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.):--bright, clear,
+ day, light (-ning), morning, sun.
see HEBREW for 0215
אוֹר (or) — light.
1) light
1a) light of day
1b) light of heavenly luminaries (moon, sun, stars)
1c) day-break, dawn, morning light
1d) daylight
1e) lightning
1f) light of lamp
1g) light of life
1h) light of prosperity
1i) light of instruction
1j) light of face (fig.)
1k) Jehovah as Israel's light
HNcfsa — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
lit ('or, ma'or; phos; many other words):
1. Origin of Light
2. A Comprehensive Term
(1) Natural Light
(2) Artificial Light
(3) Miraculous Light
(4) Mental, Moral, Spiritual Light
3. An Attribute of Holiness
(1) God
(2) Christ
(3) Christians
(4) The Church
4. Symbolism
5. Expressive Terms
1. Origin of Light:
The creation of light was the initial step in the creation of life. "Let there be light" (Ge 1:3) was the first word of God spoken after His creative Spirit "moved" upon the primary material out of which He created the heavens and the earth, and which lay, until the utterance of that word, in the chaos of darkness and desolation. Something akin, possibly, to the all-pervasive electro-magnetic activity of the aurora borealis penetrated the chaotic night of the world. The ultimate focusing of light (on the 4th day of creation,
Light
The offspring of the divine command (Gen. 1:3). “All the more joyous emotions of the mind, all the pleasing sensations of the frame, all the happy hours of domestic intercourse were habitually described among the Hebrews under imagery derived from light” (1 Kings 11:36; Isa. 58:8; Esther 8:16; Ps. 97:11). Light came also naturally to typify true religion and the felicity it imparts (Ps. 119:105; Isa. 8:20; Matt. 4:16, etc.), and the glorious inheritance…
One of the most wonderful, cheering, and useful of all the works of God; called into being on the first of the six days of creation, by his voice: "Let there be light;" and there was light. No object better illustrates whatever is pure, glorious, spiritual, joyful, and beneficent. Hence the beauty and force of the expressions, "God is light," 1Jo 1:5, and "the Father of lights," Jas 1:17; Christ is the "Sun of righteousness," and "the light of the world," Joh 1:9 8:12. So also the word of God is "a light," Ps 119:105; truth and Christians are lights, Joh 3:19 12:36; prosperity is "light," Es 8:16; and heaven is full of…
The Hebrew word עַ֫יִן (*'ayin*) means 'eye' and can refer to both the physical organ and its figurative uses, such as mental qualities and desires. It also denotes a 'spring' or 'fountain' of water. The entries highlight various phrases and contexts, including appearances and expressions of emotion, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
עַ֫יִן 859 n.f. eye
lit. as physical organ
eyes as showing mental qualities
desire of the eyes, abominations of the eyes
Fig. of mental and physical faculties, acts and states
Transferred mngs.:
visible surface of earth
appearance
gleam, sparkle
Other phrases are: an eye for an eye; eye to eye; in the presence of, in full view of; of business transaction; on the forehead
base
עַ֫יִן n.f. spring (of water). Particular springs are:
ע׳ חֲרֹר Ju 7:1
ע׳ הַקּוֹרֵא (partridge-spring) Ju 15:19
ע׳ רֹגֵל near Jerus.
ע׳ הַתַּנִּין (dragon-spring)
base
H5869a עַ֫יִן eye . lit. as physical organ
. . eyes as showing mental qualities
. desire of the eyes, abominations of the eyes
. Fig. of mental and physical faculties, acts and states
. Transferred mngs.: . visible surface of earth
. appearance
. gleam, sparkle
. Other phrases are: an eye for an eye; eye to eye; in the presence of, in full view of; of business transaction; on the forehead
H5869b עַ֫יִן spring (of water)
5869 `ayin ah'-yin
probably a primitive word; an eye (literally or
figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the
landscape):--affliction, outward appearance, + before, +
think best, colour, conceit, + be content, countenance, +
displease, eye((-brow), (-d), -sight), face, + favour,
fountain, furrow (from the margin), X him, + humble,
knowledge, look, (+ well), X me, open(-ly), + (not) please,
presence, + regard, resemblance, sight, X thee, X them, +
think, X us, well, X you(-rselves).
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye.
: eye
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
1a3) of mental and spiritual faculties (fig.)
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — Fountain (Gate).
§ spring, fountain
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — Fountain of.
§ spring, fountain
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye: seeing.
: seeing
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
1a3) of mental and spiritual faculties (fig.)
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye: appearance.
: appearance
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
1a3) of mental and spiritual faculties (fig.)
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye: before(the eyes).
: before(the_eyes)
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
1a3) of mental and spiritual faculties (fig.)
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye: sin.
: sin
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
HC/Ncfdc/Sp3ms — Conjunction · noun common feminine dual construct · suffixHC/Ncfdc/Sp3ms
עַפְעַף (aph'aph) refers to an eyelid, derived from a root meaning to flutter. It can also figuratively describe the rays of the morning sun or dawn. The entries consistently emphasize its primary meaning related to the eyelid, with a secondary figurative use.
[עַפְעַף] n.m. eyelid
base
H6079 עַפְעַף
6079 `aph`aph af-af'
from 5774; an eyelash (as fluttering); figuratively, morning
ray:--dawning, eye-lid.
see HEBREW for 05774
עַפְעַף (aph.aph) — eyelid.
1) eyelid
1a) eyelid
1b) of dawn, rays of sun (fig.)
HR/Ncmpc — Preposition · noun common masculine plural constructHR/Ncmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
שַׁ֫חַר (shachar) means 'dawn' and can refer to both the literal time of day and figuratively or adverbially to concepts of early light or morning. It is derived from a related root, שָׁחַר (H7836), and is used in various contexts to denote the beginning of light.
שַׁ֫חַר n.m. dawn
base
H7837 שַׁ֫חַר dawn
7837 shachar shakh'-ar
from 7836; dawn (literal, figurative or
adverbial):--day(-spring), early, light, morning, whence
riseth.
see HEBREW for 07836
שַׁ֫חַר (sha.char) — dawn.
1) dawn
1a) dawn
1b) at dawn (as adverb)
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa