Numbers 22:24 — Word Study
WLCוַֽיַּעֲמֹד֙ מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֔ה בְּמִשְׁע֖וֹל הַכְּרָמִ֑ים גָּדֵ֥ר מִזֶּ֖ה וְגָדֵ֥ר מִזֶּֽה׃
BSAThen the angelmălʼâk [messenger, representative of God] of the LORDYᵉhôvâh [Yehovah, The covenant Name of God] stoodʻâmad▸ [to stand in a strong sense, like in a battle] in a narrow passagemishʻôwl△ [restricted, tight, road, path] between two vineyardskerem [gardens for growing vines] with wallsgâdêr [barriers, fences] on either sidezeh [this side and that side, one side and the other]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַֽיַּעֲמֹד֙ | and he stood | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine singular |
| מַלְאַ֣ךְ | [the] angel of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| יְהוָ֔ה | Yahweh | Noun proper |
| בְּמִשְׁע֖וֹל | in [the] narrow way of | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct |
| הַכְּרָמִ֑ים | the vineyards | Particle, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| גָּדֵ֥ר | a wall | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| מִזֶּ֖ה | from this | Preposition, particle |
| וְגָדֵ֥ר | and a wall | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| מִזֶּֽה׃ | from this | Preposition, particle |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Then the angel of the LORD stood in a narrow passage between two vineyards, with walls on either side. |
| KJV | But the angel of the LORD stood in a path of the vineyards, a wall being on this side, and a wall on that side. |
| ASV | Then the angel of Jehovah stood in a narrow path between the vineyards, a wall being on this side, and a wall on that side. |
| YLT | And the messenger of Jehovah standeth in a narrow path of the vineyards — a wall on this [side] and a wall on that — |
| WEB | Then Yahweh’s angel stood in a narrow path between the vineyards, a wall being on this side, and a wall on that side. |
| BBE | Then the angel of the Lord took up his position in a narrow road through the vine-gardens, with a wall on this side and on that. |
Where they part company is in the description of the passage — see How Translations Differ.
The structure consists of a main clause followed by two prepositional phrases that provide context and details about the setting.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
subjectגָּדֵר
verbעָמַד
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 9 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Numbers 22:24
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Encounter with the Angelgenerated
Numbers 22:24 describes a moment when the angel of the LORD stands in a narrow passage, blocking Balaam's way. This encounter is pivotal, as it reflects divine intervention in Balaam's journey. The surrounding context shows Balaam's struggle with his donkey, which sees the angel and reacts with fear, highlighting the tension between the divine and the human.
Cross References
The Key Word — עָמַד, vai.ya.'a.Modgenerated
The verb עָמַד (amad) means 'to stand' and conveys a strong sense of presence, often in a context of authority or confrontation. It appears in various forms and contexts, indicating not just physical standing but also enduring or remaining in a state.
In this verse, the angel stands as a divine barrier, emphasizing the seriousness of the situation. The Qal form indicates a simple action, but the context suggests a significant moment of divine intervention, as the angel's stance directly impacts Balaam's journey.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses the phrase stood to convey the action of the angel.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb of the sentence is וַיַּעֲמֹד, and he stood, which governs the entire clause. The structure includes a noun phrase for the subject, מַלְאַךְ (angel), and several prepositional phrases that describe the location and context of the standing.
The sentence emphasizes the angel's action first, followed by the detailed description of the setting, which includes the narrow passage and the vineyards, creating a vivid picture of the scene.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew עָמַד is rendered as ἔστη (estē), which carries a similar meaning of standing. This choice reflects a direct translation that maintains the sense of presence and authority inherent in the original Hebrew.
The translation choice indicates a consistent understanding of the angel's role as a divine messenger, standing in a place of significance.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Numbers 22:24 describes how the angel of the LORD stood in a narrow passage between two vineyards. This moment is significant as it shows the angel blocking Balaam's path, indicating a divine intervention in the story.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The angel's standing in the narrow passage represents a moment of divine intervention, blocking Balaam's way and indicating God's control over the situation.
The narrowness of the passage emphasizes the constraints of the situation, both physically for Balaam and spiritually as he encounters divine authority.
The angel serves as a messenger of God, intervening in Balaam's journey to redirect him according to God's will.
The encounter with the angel causes Balaam's donkey to react in fear, highlighting the tension between human understanding and divine presence.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have I experienced moments where I felt a divine presence guiding my path?
- How can I be more aware of the signs or messages that might be guiding me in my life?
- What does it mean to stand firm in my faith, as the angel stood in this passage?
- How do I respond when I encounter obstacles that seem to block my way?
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Numbers 22:24 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleBut the angel of the Lord stood in a path of the vineyard,..... Which were in the field into which the ass went, and before Balaam could turn her back she got into a narrow path, between the
Read John Gill on Numbers 22 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryBut the angel of the LORD stood in a path of the vineyards, a wall being on this side, and a wall on that side. The angel of the Lord stood in a path of the vineyards.
Read Robert Jamieson on Numbers 22 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsNumbers 22:24 But the angel of the LORD stood in a path of the vineyards, a wall [being] on this side, and a wall on that side.Ver. 24. But the angel] If an angel stand in the way of a sorcerer’ s sin, how much more ready are all those heavenly spirits to stop the miscarriages of God’ s dear children! Surely as our good endeavours are oft hindered by Satan, so are our evil by good angels; else were not our protection equal to our danger, and we could neither stand nor rise.
Read John Trapp on Numbers 22 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(24) In a path of the vineyards.—Better, in the hollow pass of the vineyards.A wall.—Or, a fence.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Numbers 22 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges24. The ‘Angel’ retreated and stopped the ass in an enclosed spot between two walls or, perhaps, fences, where it could not turn aside into open country. But by pressing close to the wall the ass is pictured as contriving to pass the Angel. He therefore retreated once more, and stood in a narrow place where there was no possibility of avoiding Him. The naïve anthropomorphic conception of Jehovah involved in this narrative belongs to a very early age of folklore.
Read Cambridge on Numbers 22 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleIn a path of the vineyards - i. e., in a path shut in by vineyard-walls on each side.
Read Albert Barnes on Numbers 22 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible24. A path of the vineyards — A footpath between the walls of two adjoining vineyards.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Numbers 22 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Then the angel of the LORD stood in a narrow passage between two vineyards, with walls on either side.
Then Yahweh’s angel stood in a narrow path between the vineyards, a wall being on this side, and a wall on that side.
Then the angel of the LORD stood in a narrow passage between two vineyards, with walls on either side.
Then the angel of the Lord stood in a path among the vineyards, where there was a wall on either side.
Tyndale line
But the angel of the LORD stood in a path of the vineyards, a wall being on this side, and a wall on that side.
Then the angel of Jehovah stood in a narrow path between the vineyards, a wall being on this side, and a wall on that side.
Then the angel of the LORD stood in a hollow way between the vineyards, a fence being on this side, and a fence on that side.
But the angel of the LORD stood in a path of the vineyards, a wall being on this side, and a wall on that side.
Againe the Angel of the Lord stood in a path of the vineyardes, hauing a wall on the one side, and a wall on the other.
Strictly literal
And the Angel of Jehovah stood in a hollow of the vineyards, a wall being on this side, and a wall on that side.
And the messenger of Jehovah standeth in a narrow path of the vineyards — a wall on this [side] and a wall on that —
And the Messenger of YHWH stands in a narrow path of the vineyards, [with] a wall on this [side] and a wall on that [side],
But the angel of the Lord stepped into a path between the vineyards, [with] a wall on this side, and a wall on that side.
Then the angel of Yahweh stood in a narrow part of the road between some vineyards, with a wall on his right side and another wall on his left side.
From the Latin
The angel stood in a narrow place between two walls, wherewith the vineyards were enclosed.
Simplified
Then the angel of the Lord stood in a narrow part of the road that passed between two vineyards, with walls on both sides.
Then the angel of the Lord took up his position in a narrow road through the vine-gardens, with a wall on this side and on that.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the essential wording of the verse, with only minor differences in word order. The Samaritan Pentateuch differs by using משׁעל (hollow way) instead of בְּמִשְׁע֖וֹל (in the narrow way), suggesting a variation in the understanding of the passage.
וַֽיַּעֲמֹד֙ מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֔ה בְּמִשְׁע֖וֹל הַכְּרָמִ֑ים גָּדֵ֥ר מִזֶּ֖ה וְגָדֵ֥ר מִזֶּֽה׃
9 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ויעמד מלאך יהוה במשׁעל הכרמים גדר מזה וגדר מזה
1 word differs from the Masoretic Text: משׁעל (hollow way)
[ויעמד] [מלאך] [יהוה] [במשעול] הכרמים [גדר] [מזה] [וגדר] [מזה]
nothing on the leather here — 1 partly restored, 8 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Numbers 22:24
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word עָמַד (amad) means to stand and encompasses a variety of related actions such as remaining, enduring, and taking a stand. It can refer to both literal and figurative stances, including presenting oneself or being appointed. The word appears in various contexts, including standing still, ceasing movement, and even serving. There are different forms of the verb, such as Qal, Hiphil, and Hophal, each with specific nuances.
עָמַד 620 take one's stand, stand
Qal 435
take one's stand, and (esp. pt.) stand, be in a standing attitude
stand forth
take a stand against, in opposition to
present oneself before
attend upon, be(come) servant of
stand afar
stand (silent)
stand (appealingly)
stand, subj. רֶגֶל
stand, of water
stand still, stop, cease moving
= be inactive
= be attentive
stop, cease doing a thing
tarry, delay
remain
continue, abide
endure
be steadfast
persist
make a stand, hold one's ground
stand upright
arise, appear, come on the scene
stand forth, appear = come into being
rise up as foe
rare usages
Hiph.
83station, set
cause to stand firm
cause to stand up, set up, erect
present one before king
appoint
other meanings
Hoph. be presented
base
H5975 עָמַד take one's stand, stand .. . take one's stand, and (esp. pt.) stand, be in a standing attitude
. stand forth
. take a stand against, in opposition to
. present oneself before
. attend upon, be(come) servant of
. stand afar
. stand (silent)
. stand (appealingly)
. stand, subj. רֶגֶל
. stand, of water
. . stand still, stop, cease moving
. = be inactive
. = be attentive
. stop, cease doing a thing
. . tarry, delay
. remain
. continue, abide
. endure
. be steadfast
. persist
. make a stand, hold one's ground
. stand upright
. . arise, appear, come on the scene
. stand forth, appear = come into being
. rise up as foe
. rare usages
. . station, set
. cause to stand firm
. cause to stand up, set up, erect
. present one before king
. appoint
. other meanings
. be presented
5975 `amad aw-mad'
a primitive root; to stand, in various relations (literal and
figurative, intransitive and transitive):--abide (behind),
appoint, arise, cease, confirm, continue, dwell, be employed,
endure, establish, leave, make, ordain, be (over), place, (be)
present (self), raise up, remain, repair, + serve, set (forth,
over, -tle, up), (make to, make to be at a, with-)stand (by,
fast, firm, still, up), (be at a) stay (up), tarry.
עָמַד (a.mad) — to stand: stand.
: stand/stop/establish
1) to stand, remain, endure, take one's stand
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to stand, take one's stand, be in a standing attitude, stand forth, take a stand, present oneself, attend upon, be or become servant of
1a2) to stand still, stop (moving or doing), cease
1a3) to tarry, delay, remain, continue, abide, endure, persist, be steadfast
1a4) to make a stand, hold one's ground
1a5) to stand upright, remain standing, stand up, rise, be erect, be upright
1a6) to arise, appear, come on the scene, stand forth, appear, rise up or against
1a7) to stand with, take one's stand, be appointed, grow flat, grow insipid
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to station, set
1b2) to cause to stand firm, maintain
1b3) to cause to stand up, cause to set up, erect
1b4) to present (one) before (king)
1b5) to appoint, ordain, establish
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqw3ms
מַלְאָךְ (mal'ak) means 'messenger' and can refer to an angel, particularly as a messenger of God. It is derived from a root meaning to dispatch as a deputy and encompasses roles such as ambassador, prophet, and teacher. The term is used in contexts that include divine communication.
מַלְאָךְ 214 n.m. messenger
messenger
angel, as messenger of God
the theophanic angel
base
H4397 מַלְאָךְ messenger . messenger
. angel, as messenger of God
. the theophanic angel
4397 mal'ak mal-awk'
from an unused root meaning to despatch as a deputy; a
messenger; specifically, of God, i.e. an angel (also a
prophet, priest or teacher):--ambassador, angel, king,
messenger.
מַלְאָךְ (ma.le.akh) — messenger.
: messenger
1) messenger, representative
1a) messenger
1b) angel
1c) the theophanic angel
מַלְאָךְ (ma.le.akh) — messenger: angel.
: angel
1) messenger, representative
1a) messenger
1b) angel
1c) the theophanic angel
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'
יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)
יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb
יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D
the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy
יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh
base
H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel
3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'
from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish
national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.
see HEBREW for 01961
see HEBREW for 03050
see HEBREW for 03069
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.
Jehovah = "the existing One"
1) the proper name of the one true God
1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.
Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.
Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
N-proper — Noun properHNpt
מִשְׁעוֹל (mish'ol) refers to a hollow or narrow passage, specifically a road that is enclosed, often found between vineyards. The term is derived from a related word and is noted in Numbers 22:24.
מִשְׁעוֹל n.m. hollow way, road shut in;—cstr. Nu 22:24 (J E) i.e. road shut in between vineyards.
ref
H4934 מִשְׁעוֹל
4934 mish`owl mish-ole'
from the same as 8168; a hollow, i.e. a narrow
passage:--path.
see HEBREW for 08168
מִשְׁעוֹל (mish.ol) — passage.
1) hollow way, narrow way
1a) of a road shut in between vineyards
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular constructHR/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
כֶּרֶם (kerem) means 'vineyard' and is derived from an unused root of uncertain meaning. It covers the concept of a garden or vineyard, including terms like 'vines' and 'vintage.' The word appears in contexts related to agriculture, specifically in the Old Testament.
כֶּרֶם 92 n.m. (f.) vineyard
base
H3754 כֶּרֶם vineyard
3754 kerem keh'-rem
from an unused root of uncertain meaning; a garden or
vineyard:--vines, (increase of the) vineyard(-s), vintage. See
also 1021.
see HEBREW for 01021
כֶּרֶם (ke.rem) — vineyard.
vineyard
Art | N-cp — Particle · noun common masculine plural absoluteHTd/Ncmpa
- Origin and antiquity of
- The design of planting
- Frequently walled or fenced with hedges
גָּדֵר (gader) means 'wall' and can also refer to a fence or hedge. It is derived from the root word for a circumvallation, indicating an enclosure. The entries consistently highlight its meaning as a physical barrier, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
גָּדֵר n.m. wall
base
H1447 גָּדֵר wall
1447 gader gaw-dare'
from 1443; a circumvallation; by implication, an
inclosure:--fence, hedge, wall.
see HEBREW for 01443
גָּדֵר (ga.der) — wall.
fence, wall
Also means: ge.der (גֶּדֶר "wall" H1444)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
wol.
See ARCHITECTURE; CITY; FORTIFICATION; HOUSE; JERUSALEM; VILLAGE.
Wall
Cities were surrounded by walls, as distinguished from “unwalled villages” (Ezek. 38:11; Lev. 25:29-34). They were made thick and strong (Num. 13:28; Deut. 3:5). Among the Jews walls were built of stone, some of those in the temple being of great size (1 Kings 6:7; 7:9-12; 20:30; Mark 13:1, 2). The term is used metaphorically of security and safety (Isa. 26:1; 60:18; Rev. 21:12-20). (See FENCE.)
זֶה (zeh) is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'here.' It can stand alone, be used appositively, or function as a predicate. The word can also attach enclitically to interrogative pronouns, adding emphasis and directness. In poetry, it may serve as a relative pronoun, though this usage is rare.
זֶה demonstr.pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here
standing alone
In appos. to subst.
More oft. as pred.
It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.
In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)
With prefixes (in special senses)
base
H2088 זֶה demonstr. pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here . standing alone
. In appos. to subst.
. More oft. as pred.
. It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.
. In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)
. With prefixes (in special senses)
2088 zeh zeh
a primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this
or that:--he, X hence, X here, it(-self), X now, X of him, the
one...the other, X than the other, (X out of) the (self) same,
such (a one) that, these, this (hath, man), on this side...on
that side, X thus, very, which. Compare 2063, 2090, 2097,
2098.
see HEBREW for 02063
see HEBREW for 02090
see HEBREW for 02097
see HEBREW for 02098
זֶה (zeh) — this.
1) this, this one, here, which, this...that, the one...the other, another, such
1a) (alone)
1a1) this one
1a2) this...that, the one...the other, another
1b) (appos to subst)
1b1) this
1c) (as predicate)
1c1) this, such
1d) (enclitically)
1d1) then
1d2) who, whom
1d3) how now, what now
1d4) what now
1d5) wherefore now
1d6) behold here
1d7) just now
1d8) now, now already
1e) (poetry)
1e1) wherein, which, those who
1f) (with prefixes)
1f1) in this (place) here, then
1f2) on these conditions, herewith, thus provided, by, through this, for this cause, in this matter
1f3) thus and thus
1f4) as follows, things such as these, accordingly, to that effect, in like manner, thus and thus
1f5) from here, hence, on one side...on the other side
1f6) on this account
1f7) in spite of this, which, whence, how
Prep | Pron — Preposition · particleHR/Tm
גָּדֵר (gader) means 'wall' and can also refer to a fence or hedge. It is derived from the root word for a circumvallation, indicating an enclosure. The entries consistently highlight its meaning as a physical barrier, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
גָּדֵר n.m. wall
base
H1447 גָּדֵר wall
1447 gader gaw-dare'
from 1443; a circumvallation; by implication, an
inclosure:--fence, hedge, wall.
see HEBREW for 01443
גָּדֵר (ga.der) — wall.
fence, wall
Also means: ge.der (גֶּדֶר "wall" H1444)
HC/Ncmsa — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/Ncmsa
wol.
See ARCHITECTURE; CITY; FORTIFICATION; HOUSE; JERUSALEM; VILLAGE.
Wall
Cities were surrounded by walls, as distinguished from “unwalled villages” (Ezek. 38:11; Lev. 25:29-34). They were made thick and strong (Num. 13:28; Deut. 3:5). Among the Jews walls were built of stone, some of those in the temple being of great size (1 Kings 6:7; 7:9-12; 20:30; Mark 13:1, 2). The term is used metaphorically of security and safety (Isa. 26:1; 60:18; Rev. 21:12-20). (See FENCE.)
זֶה (zeh) is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'here.' It can stand alone, be used appositively, or function as a predicate. The word can also attach enclitically to interrogative pronouns, adding emphasis and directness. In poetry, it may serve as a relative pronoun, though this usage is rare.
זֶה demonstr.pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here
standing alone
In appos. to subst.
More oft. as pred.
It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.
In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)
With prefixes (in special senses)
base
H2088 זֶה demonstr. pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here . standing alone
. In appos. to subst.
. More oft. as pred.
. It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.
. In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)
. With prefixes (in special senses)
2088 zeh zeh
a primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this
or that:--he, X hence, X here, it(-self), X now, X of him, the
one...the other, X than the other, (X out of) the (self) same,
such (a one) that, these, this (hath, man), on this side...on
that side, X thus, very, which. Compare 2063, 2090, 2097,
2098.
see HEBREW for 02063
see HEBREW for 02090
see HEBREW for 02097
see HEBREW for 02098
זֶה (zeh) — this.
1) this, this one, here, which, this...that, the one...the other, another, such
1a) (alone)
1a1) this one
1a2) this...that, the one...the other, another
1b) (appos to subst)
1b1) this
1c) (as predicate)
1c1) this, such
1d) (enclitically)
1d1) then
1d2) who, whom
1d3) how now, what now
1d4) what now
1d5) wherefore now
1d6) behold here
1d7) just now
1d8) now, now already
1e) (poetry)
1e1) wherein, which, those who
1f) (with prefixes)
1f1) in this (place) here, then
1f2) on these conditions, herewith, thus provided, by, through this, for this cause, in this matter
1f3) thus and thus
1f4) as follows, things such as these, accordingly, to that effect, in like manner, thus and thus
1f5) from here, hence, on one side...on the other side
1f6) on this account
1f7) in spite of this, which, whence, how
HR/Tm — Preposition · particleHR/Tm