Proverbs 11:16 — Word Study
WLCאֵֽשֶׁת־ חֵ֭ן תִּתְמֹ֣ךְ כָּב֑וֹד וְ֝עָרִיצִ֗ים יִתְמְכוּ־ עֹֽשֶׁר׃
BSAA graciouschên [full of favor] womanʼishshâh [a female person] attainstâmak▸ [obtains, retaineth] honorkâbôwd [glory, great respect] ◂but ruthless [men]ʻârîyts [strong, terrible, who are] gaintâmak▸ [retain, obtain] only wealthʻôsher [nothing but, riches, material possessions]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| אֵֽשֶׁת־ | a woman of | Noun common, feminine singular construct |
| חֵ֭ן | grace | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| תִּתְמֹ֣ךְ | she lays hold of | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person feminine singular |
| כָּב֑וֹד | honor | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וְ֝עָרִיצִ֗ים | and ruthless [people] | Conjunction |
| יִתְמְכוּ־ | they take hold of | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| עֹֽשֶׁר׃ | wealth | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | A gracious woman attains honor, but ruthless men gain only wealth. |
| KJV | A gracious woman retaineth honour: and strong men retain riches. |
| ASV | A gracious woman obtaineth honor; And violent men obtain riches. |
| YLT | A gracious woman retaineth honour, And terrible [men] retain riches. |
| WEB | A gracious woman obtains honor, but violent men obtain riches. |
| BBE | A woman who is full of grace is honoured, but a woman hating righteousness is a seat of shame: those hating work will undergo loss, but the strong keep their wealth. |
Where they part company is עָרִיץ — see How Translations Differ.
Two main clauses are connected by a conjunction, forming a clear contrast between the two subjects.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectעָרִיץ
verbתָּמַךְ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Proverbs 11:16
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Wisdom on Character and Consequencesgenerated
Proverbs 11:16 presents a clear contrast between the outcomes of different character types. A gracious woman, characterized by kindness and favor, attains honor, while ruthless men, who act with strength and terror, only gain wealth. This verse is part of a broader discourse on the nature of righteousness and its rewards, as seen in surrounding verses like Proverbs 11:15 and Proverbs 11:17.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Proverbs 31:30–31 | Charm is deceptive and beauty is fleeting, but a woman who fears the LORD is to be praised. |
| 2 | 1 Samuel 25:32–33 | Then David said to Abigail, “Blessed be the LORD, the God of Israel, who sent you to meet me this day! |
| 3 | 2 Samuel 20:16–22 | a wise woman called out from the city, “Listen! Listen! Please tell Joab to come here so that I may speak with him.” |
| 4 | Esther 9:25 | But when it came before the king, he commanded by letter that the wicked scheme which Haman had devised against the Jews should come back upon his own head, and that he and his sons should be hanged on the gallows. |
| 5 | Matthew 26:13 | Truly I tell you, wherever this gospel is preached in all the world, what she has done will also be told in memory of her.” |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 13 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — אִשָּׁה, 'e.shet-generated
The word אִשָּׁה (ishshah) means 'woman' and can refer to a female person, wife, or female animal. It is a feminine noun that appears frequently throughout the Hebrew Bible, indicating its importance in various contexts.
In this verse, it emphasizes the character of the woman being described, highlighting her grace and favor, which are pivotal to her attaining honor.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations generally agree on the meaning of the verse.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse is structured around two main clauses, with the first clause focusing on the subject of the gracious woman and her attainment of honor, and the second clause contrasting this with the ruthless men and their gain of wealth.
The finite verbs תִּתְמֹ֣ךְ and יִתְמְכוּ anchor each clause, indicating the actions of both subjects.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates אִשָּׁה as γυνὴ (gunē), which is a direct equivalent meaning 'woman.' This shows a consistent understanding of the term across both texts.
For עָרִיץ, the LXX uses ἀνδρεῖοι (andreioi), which carries connotations of bravery or valor, possibly emphasizing the strength aspect of the ruthless men.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Proverbs 11:16 tells us that a gracious woman earns honor, while ruthless men only gain wealth. This highlights the value of kindness and grace compared to the pursuit of material riches.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
A gracious woman is one who shows kindness and favor, embodying qualities that lead to respect and honor.
Ruthless men gain wealth through aggressive or oppressive means, often at the expense of others.
Honor represents respect and recognition that comes from virtuous behavior, contrasting with the fleeting nature of wealth.
Yes, a person can be both, but this verse emphasizes that true honor comes from grace rather than the pursuit of wealth alone.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways can I demonstrate grace in my daily interactions?
- How does society often equate wealth with success, and how does this verse challenge that view?
- What are some examples of graciousness that lead to honor in my community?
- How can I support others in their pursuit of honor through kindness rather than competition?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Proverbs 11:16 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleA gracious woman retaineth honour,.... Or "a woman of grace" (s) one that has the grace of God in her heart, and is of a virtuous conversation, and by both amiable and lovely to others; as she
Read John Gill on Proverbs 11 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryA gracious woman retaineth honour: and strong men retain riches. A gracious woman retaineth honour; and strong men retain riches. The Hebrew for "strong men" [ `aariytsiym (H6184)] is usually taken in a bad, sense (Kimchi).
Read Robert Jamieson on Proverbs 11 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleA gracious woman, Heb. a woman of grace and favour, i.e. one who by her meekness, and modesty, and prudence, and other virtues, renders herself acceptable and amiable to God and to men. Retaineth honour, or holdeth fast her honour or good reputation, with no less care and resolution than strong men do riches, as it here follows. And strong men retain riches; or, as strong men, &c.; for so this conjunction is oft used in this book, of which we have seen some, and may afterwards see more instances.
Read Matthew Poole on Proverbs 11 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsProverbs 11:16 A gracious woman retaineth honour: and strong [men] retain riches.Ver. 16. A gracious woman retaineth honour.] Such a one as is set forth in Lemuel’ s lesson, such as was Sarah, Deborah, Abigail, Esther, Queen Elizabeth, of whom a great French princess gave this eulogium, that she was gloriosissima, et omnium quae unquam sceptrum gesserunt felicissima femina, the bravest and happiest woman that ever swayed sceptre. Piety, sobriety, purity, charity, and chastity - maugre the venomous tongues of all hell born slanderers, such as Sanders, Rhiston, and other Romish railers, and dead dogs that barked against her - were her inseparable companions; never suffering any lady to…
Read John Trapp on Proverbs 11 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(16) A gracious woman retaineth honour . . .—Each sex has its own power. A woman by her attractiveness wins and retains favour, a man by his strength and riches.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Proverbs 11 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 16. A gracious woman retaineth honor] Instead of this clause, the Septuagint have, Γυνηευχαριστοςεγειρειανδριδοζαν, "A gracious woman raiseth up honor to the man;" Θρονοςδεατιμιαςγυνημισουσαδικαια, "But she that hateth righteous things is a throne of dishonour." A good wife is an honour to her husband; and a bad wife is her husband's reproach: if this be so, how careful should a man be whom he marries!
Read AdamClarke on Proverbs 11 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges16. retaineth] i.e. acquires and keeps. Comp. Proverbs 29:23. In Genesis 48:17 we read: Joseph held up (same Heb. word), i.e. took and kept hold of, and so raised, his father’s hand. and]=as. We have a similar virtual comparison by juxtaposition of clauses in Proverbs 26:9; Proverbs 26:11. strong] Rather violent, R.V., the reference being to such lawless action as is described in Proverbs 1:13. The grace of true womanhood wins and retains honour not less securely than the violence of the freebooter holds fast his spoil. The LXX. have for this proverb: “A gracious woman brings glory to her husband, But a throne of dishonour is a woman who hateth righteousness;” and add: “They who deal…
Read Cambridge on Proverbs 11 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleOr, “The gracious woman wins and keeps honor, as (the conjunction may be so rendered) strong men win riches.”
Read Albert Barnes on Proverbs 11 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
A gracious woman attains honor, but ruthless men gain only wealth.
A gracious woman obtains honor, but violent men obtain riches.
A gracious woman attains honor, but ruthless men gain only wealth.
A generous woman gains honor, and ruthless men seize wealth.
Tyndale line
A gracious woman retaineth honour: and strong men retain riches.
A gracious woman obtaineth honor; And violent men obtain riches.
A gracious woman retaineth honour: and violent men retain riches.
A gracious woman retaineth honor: and strong men retain riches.
A gracious woman atteineth honour, and the strong men atteine riches.
Strictly literal
A gracious woman retaineth honour; and the violent retain riches.
A gracious woman retaineth honour, And terrible [men] retain riches.
A gracious woman retains honor, || And terrible [men] retain riches.
A woman endowed with grace will surely obtain honor; and the powerful will obtain riches.
A gracious woman gets honor, but ruthless people grasp for wealth.
From the Latin
A gracious woman shall find glory: and the strong shall have riches.
Simplified
A gracious woman holds on to her honor just as ruthless men hold on to their wealth.
A woman who is full of grace is honoured, but a woman hating righteousness is a seat of shame: those hating work will undergo loss, but the strong keep their wealth.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text states, "אֵֽשֶׁת־ חֵ֭ן תִּתְמֹ֣ךְ כָּב֑וֹד וְ֝עָרִיצִ֗ים יִתְמְכוּ־ עֹֽשֶׁר׃" which translates to "A gracious woman attains honor, but ruthless men gain only wealth." The Septuagint closely aligns with the Masoretic Text, as 6 of the 7 words match in meaning, though the word order and articles are different, indicating a consistent message across translations. There are no significant differences noted in the Samaritan Pentateuch or the Dead Sea Scrolls for this verse, suggesting a strong agreement among these ancient witnesses.
אֵֽשֶׁת־ חֵ֭ן תִּתְמֹ֣ךְ כָּב֑וֹד וְ֝עָרִיצִ֗ים יִתְמְכוּ־ עֹֽשֶׁר׃
6 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Proverbs 11:16
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אִשָּׁה (ishshah) means 'woman,' 'wife,' or 'female.' It can refer to a woman in general, a wife in relation to a man, or the female of animals. The term also has distributive and reciprocal uses, indicating 'each woman' from her neighbor. The word is derived from the masculine forms אִישׁ (ish) and אִישָׁה (ishah), indicating a broad range of meanings.
אִשָּׁה 773 n.f. woman, wife, female
woman
Wife (woman belonging to a man, usually cstr. or sf.)
Female of animals
With distrib. & recipr. sense, each woman from her neighbor; each one
base
H802 אִשָּׁה woman, wife, female . woman
. Wife (woman belonging to a man, usually cstr. or sf.)
. Female of animals
. With distrib. & recipr. sense, each woman from her neighbor; each one
802 'ishshah ish-shaw'
feminine of 376 or 582; irregular plural, nashiym
{naw-sheem'}; a woman (used in the same wide sense as
582):--(adulter)ess, each, every, female, X many, + none,
one, + together, wife, woman. Often unexpressed in English.
see HEBREW for 0376
see HEBREW for 0582
see HEBREW for 0582
אִשָּׁה (ish.shah) — woman.
: woman
1) woman, wife, female
1a) woman (opposite of man)
1b) wife (woman married to a man)
1c) female (of animals)
1d) each, every (pronoun)
אִשָּׁה (ish.shah) — woman: wife.
: wife/widow
1) woman, wife, female
1a) woman (opposite of man)
1b) wife (woman married to a man)
1c) female (of animals)
1d) each, every (pronoun)
אִשָּׁה (ish.shah) — woman: another.
: another
1) woman, wife, female
1a) woman (opposite of man)
1b) wife (woman married to a man)
1c) female (of animals)
1d) each, every (pronoun)
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular constructHNcfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
חֵן (chen) refers to favor or grace, encompassing meanings like kindness, beauty, and elegance. It can denote both subjective qualities, such as graciousness, and objective attributes, like pleasantness. The term appears in various contexts within the Old Testament, highlighting its multifaceted nature.
חֵן n.m. favour, grace
favour, grace, elegance
favour, acceptance
base
H2580 חֵן favour, grace . favour, grace, elegance
. favour, acceptane
2580 chen khane
from 2603; graciousness, i.e. subjective (kindness, favor) or
objective (beauty):--favour, grace(-ious), pleasant, precious,
(well-)favoured.
see HEBREW for 02603
חֵן (chen) — favor.
1) favour, grace, charm
1a) favour, grace, elegance
1b) favour, acceptance
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
gras:
1. The Word Charis:
In the English New Testament the word "grace" is always a translation of (charis), a word that occurs in the Greek text something over 170 times (the reading is uncertain in places). In secular Greek of all periods it is also a very common word, and in both Biblical and secular Greek it is used with far more meanings than can be represented by any one term in English Primarily
Grace
(1.) Of form or person (Prov. 1:9; 3:22; Ps. 45:2). (2.) Favour, kindness, friendship (Gen. 6:8; 18:3; 19:19; 2 Tim. 1:9). (3.) God’s forgiving mercy (Rom. 11:6; Eph. 2:5). (4.) The gospel as distinguished from the law (John 1:17; Rom. 6:14; 1 Pet. 5:12). (5.) Gifts freely bestowed by God; as miracles, prophecy, tongues (Rom. 15:15;
Favor, mercy. Divine grace is the free and undeserved love and favor of God towards man as a sinner, especially as exhibited in the plan of redemption through Jesus Christ, Joh 1:17 3:16 Ro 3:24-26. It is only by the free grace of god that we embrace the offers of mercy, and appropriate to ourselves the blessings graciously purchased by redeeming blood.
The "GRACE OF GOD," spontaneous, unmerited, self-directed, and almighty, is the source of the whole scheme of redemption, Ro 11:6 2Ti 1:9. With it are united "the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ," who gave himself for sinners; and that of "the Spirit of grace," by whom alone the grace offered by the Father and purchased by the…
The Hebrew word תָּמַךְ (tamak) is a primitive root meaning to grasp, support, or attain. It covers actions like holding fast, maintaining, and helping. The Qal form includes meanings such as to hold up or keep, while the Niphal form suggests being seized or held. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons.
[תָּמַךְ] vb. grasp, support, attain
Qal
grasp, lay hold of
hold up, support
hold, keep
Niph. in the cords of his sin is he seized
base
H8551 תָּמַךְ grasp, support, attain
8551 tamak taw-mak'
a primitive root; to sustain; by implication, to obtain, keep
fast; figuratively, to help, follow close:--(take, up-)hold
(up), maintain, retain, stay (up).
תָּמַךְ (ta.makh) — to grasp.
1) to grasp, hold, support, attain, lay hold of, hold fast
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to grasp, lay hold of, attain
1a2) to hold up, support
1a3) to hold, keep
1a4) to take hold of each other
1b) (Niphal) to be seized, be held
V-Qal-Imperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine singularHVqi3fs
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
כָּבוֹד (kabowd) refers to concepts of abundance, honour, and glory. It encompasses external splendor, dignity of position, and reputation, as well as the inner nobility of a person. The term can denote both the weightiness of glory and the reverence due to someone. The entries consistently emphasize its positive connotations.
כָּבוֹד n.m. and f. abundance, honour, glory
abundance, riches
honour, splendor, glory, of external condition and circumstances
honour, dignity of position
honour, reputation, of character
my honour, poet. of the seat of honour in the inner man, the noblest part of man
honour, reverence, glory, as due to one or ascribed to one
glory as the object, of honour, reverence and glorifying
base
H3519 כָּבוֹד abundance, honour, glory . abundance, riches
. honour, splendor, glory, of external condition and circumstances
. honour, dignity of position
. honour, reputation, of character
. my honour, poet. of the seat of honour in the inner man, the noblest part of man
. honour, reverence, glory, as due to one or ascribed to one
. glory as the object, of honour, reverence and glorifying
3519 kabowd kaw-bode'
rarely kabod {kaw-bode'}; from 3513; properly, weight, but
only figuratively in a good sense, splendor or
copiousness:--glorious(-ly), glory, honour(-able).
see HEBREW for 03513
כָּבוֹד (ka.vod) — glory.
1) glory, honour, glorious, abundance
1a) abundance, riches
1b) honour, splendour, glory
1c) honour, dignity
1d) honour, reputation
1e) honour, reverence, glory
1f) glory
N-cs — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
עָרִיץ (ariyts) describes something that is awe-inspiring or terror-stricken, with connotations of being powerful, ruthless, or tyrannical. It is built from the root associated with fearfulness and strength. The range of meanings includes mighty, oppressive, and violent, reflecting a sense of great power.
עָרִיץ adj. awe-inspiring, terror-stricken
base
H6184 עָרִיץ awe-inspiring, terror-stricken
6184 `ariyts aw-reets'
from 6206; fearful, i.e. powerful or tyrannical:--mighty,
oppressor, in great power, strong, terrible, violent.
see HEBREW for 06206
עָרִיץ (a.rits) — ruthless.
awe-inspiring, terror-striking, awesome, terrifying, ruthless, mighty
Conj | Adj — ConjunctionHC/Aampa
pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (about 2,000 times), with le'om, and goy, next in order; but the various Hebrew words are used with very little or no difference in force (e.g. Pr 14:28; but, on the other hand, in Ps 44 contrast verses 12 and 14). Of the changes introduced by the Revised Version (British and American) the only one of significance (cited explicitly in the Preface to the English Revised Version) is the frequent use of the plural "peoples" (strangely avoided in the King James Version except Re 10:11; 17:15), where other nations than Israel are in question. So, for instance, in Ps…
The Hebrew word תָּמַךְ (tamak) is a primitive root meaning to grasp, support, or attain. It covers actions like holding fast, maintaining, and helping. The Qal form includes meanings such as to hold up or keep, while the Niphal form suggests being seized or held. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons.
[תָּמַךְ] vb. grasp, support, attain
Qal
grasp, lay hold of
hold up, support
hold, keep
Niph. in the cords of his sin is he seized
base
H8551 תָּמַךְ grasp, support, attain
8551 tamak taw-mak'
a primitive root; to sustain; by implication, to obtain, keep
fast; figuratively, to help, follow close:--(take, up-)hold
(up), maintain, retain, stay (up).
תָּמַךְ (ta.makh) — to grasp.
1) to grasp, hold, support, attain, lay hold of, hold fast
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to grasp, lay hold of, attain
1a2) to hold up, support
1a3) to hold, keep
1a4) to take hold of each other
1b) (Niphal) to be seized, be held
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עֹ֫שֶׁר (osher) primarily means 'riches' or 'wealth.' It is derived from the root word associated with abundance. The entries consistently emphasize its meaning related to material wealth, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.
H6239 עֹ֫שֶׁר riches
6239 `osher o'-sher
from 6238; wealth:--X far (richer), riches.
see HEBREW for 06238
עֹ֫שֶׁר (o.sher) — riches.
wealth, riches
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
→ See RICHES