Proverbs 13:18 — Word Study
WLCרֵ֣ישׁ וְ֭קָלוֹן פּוֹרֵ֣עַ מוּסָ֑ר וְשׁוֹמֵ֖ר תּוֹכַ֣חַת יְכֻבָּֽד׃
BSAPovertyrêysh [need, lack of material possessions] and shameqâlôwn [dishonor, feelings of disgrace] come to him who ignorespâraʻ [refuses, neglects] disciplinemûwçâr [correction, guidance] but whoever heedsshâmar [regards, obeys] correctiontôwkêchâh [rebuke, reproof] is honoredkâbad▸ [glorified, respected]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| רֵ֣ישׁ | poverty | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וְ֭קָלוֹן | and shame | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| פּוֹרֵ֣עַ | [one who] ignores | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular |
| מוּסָ֑ר | discipline | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וְשׁוֹמֵ֖ר | and [one who] keeps | Conjunction, verb qal participle (active) masculine singular |
| תּוֹכַ֣חַת | correction | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| יְכֻבָּֽד׃ | he is honored | Verb, Pual, imperfect third person masculine singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Poverty and shame come to him who ignores discipline, but whoever heeds correction is honored. |
| KJV | Poverty and shame shall be to him that refuseth instruction: but he that regardeth reproof shall be honoured. |
| ASV | Poverty and shame shall be to him that refuseth correction; But he that regardeth reproof shall be honored. |
| YLT | Whoso is refusing instruction — poverty and shame, And whoso is observing reproof is honoured. |
| WEB | Poverty and shame come to him who refuses discipline, but he who heeds correction shall be honored. |
| BBE | Need and shame will be the fate of him who is uncontrolled by training; but he who takes note of teaching will be honoured. |
All translations agree on the term רֵישׁ as poverty.
The sentence has a main clause and several subordinate phrases that clarify actions and outcomes.




5 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbפָּרַע
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Proverbs 13:18
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Wisdom in Proverbsgenerated
Proverbs 13:18 highlights the importance of discipline and correction in achieving honor. The surrounding verses emphasize the contrast between the outcomes of the wicked and the faithful, illustrating that ignoring guidance leads to negative consequences, while those who embrace correction are ultimately honored. This passage serves as a reminder of the value of wisdom and the need to heed instruction.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Proverbs 13:13 | He who despises instruction will pay the penalty, but the one who respects a command will be rewarded. |
| 2 | Proverbs 5:9–14 | lest you concede your vigor to others, and your years to one who is cruel; |
| 3 | Proverbs 12:1 | Whoever loves discipline loves knowledge, but he who hates correction is stupid. |
| 4 | Proverbs 15:5–31 | A fool rejects his father’s discipline, but whoever heeds correction is prudent. |
| 5 | Proverbs 19:6 | Many seek the favor of the prince, and everyone is a friend of the gift giver. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — רֵ֣ישׁ, reishgenerated
The word רֵישׁ (reish) means poverty or being poor, specifically in the context of lacking material possessions. It is a masculine singular noun and appears in various contexts throughout the Bible to describe those who are in need.
This term is often paired with shame, indicating a deeper social and personal consequence of neglecting discipline. The parsing as a noun highlights its role as a subject in the verse, emphasizing the state of being poor as a result of ignoring correction.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
In this study, we examine the verse using the Berean Standard Bible as our base, which translates רֵישׁ as poverty.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb פּוֹרֵ֣עַ (po.Re.a') governs the entire verse, with two main clauses attached: one describing the consequences of ignoring discipline and the other detailing the outcomes for those who heed correction.
The structure emphasizes the contrast between the two actions: neglecting discipline leads to poverty and shame, while keeping correction results in honor.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates רֵישׁ as πενίαν (penian), which also means poverty. This choice reflects a direct correspondence to the Hebrew meaning, maintaining the focus on material lack.
The Greek term used for shame is ἀτιμίαν (atimian), which carries similar connotations of dishonor, aligning with the Hebrew context.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Proverbs 13:18 teaches that ignoring discipline leads to poverty and shame, while paying attention to correction brings honor. This highlights the importance of listening to guidance and learning from mistakes.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Ignoring discipline means neglecting guidance or correction, which can lead to negative consequences like poverty and shame.
Heeding correction involves actively listening to advice or reproof and applying it to one's life to improve behavior.
The consequences include experiencing poverty and shame, as indicated in this verse.
To be honored means to be respected or glorified, often as a result of wise choices and learning from correction.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what areas of my life do I need to heed correction more closely?
- How can I cultivate a mindset that values discipline and guidance?
- What are some examples of how ignoring discipline has led to negative outcomes in my life?
- How can I encourage others to embrace correction and learn from their mistakes?
Commentators on this verse — 5 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Proverbs 13:18 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BiblePoverty and shame [shall be to] him that refuseth instruction,.... Of parents, masters, and ministers of the word; the instruction of wisdom, the instruction of the Gospel, in things relating to
Read John Gill on Proverbs 13 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryPoverty and shame shall be to him that refuseth instruction: but he that regardeth reproof shall be honoured. Poverty and shame (shall be) to him that refuseth instruction - disciplinary instruction, correction.
Read Robert Jamieson on Proverbs 13 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleInstruction; whereby he might have been kept from destructive and dishonourable courses. He that regardeth reproof, that considers it seriously, receiveth it kindly, and reformeth himself by it, shall be honoured, and enriched, which is implied from the former branch. Not that it is so always, but commonly, and when God sees it good for a man. Or if he do not always gain riches, he shall certainly have honour both from God and men.
Read Matthew Poole on Proverbs 13 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsProverbs 13:18 Poverty and shame [shall be to] him that refuseth instruction: but he that regardeth reproof shall be honoured.Ver. 18. Poverty and shame.] These two are fitly set together; for poverty is usually slighted, if not shamed. “ Nil habet infelix paupertas durius in se Quam quod ridicules homines facit. ” The world looks over a poor though virtuous man. "This thy son"; not, This my brother. And why, but because in poverty? How much more an uncounsellable and incorrigible man, as here, and as that prodigal had been till he came to himself! But he that regardeth reproof shall be honoured.] Though not haply enriched, he shall be of good account with the wise and godly, though in…
Read John Trapp on Proverbs 13 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible18. Refuseth instruction — “Poverty and shame” shall be the condition of such as thus act.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Proverbs 13 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Poverty and shame come to him who ignores discipline, but whoever heeds correction is honored.
Poverty and shame come to him who refuses discipline, but he who heeds correction shall be honored.
Poverty and shame come to him who ignores discipline, but whoever heeds correction is honored.
The one who neglects discipline ends up in poverty and shame, but the one who accepts reproof is honored.
Tyndale line
Poverty and shame shall be to him that refuseth instruction: but he that regardeth reproof shall be honoured.
Poverty and shame shall be to him that refuseth correction; But he that regardeth reproof shall be honored.
Poverty and shame shall be to him that refuseth correction: but he that regardeth reproof shall be honoured.
Poverty and shame shall be to him that refuseth instruction: but he that regardeth reproof shall be honored.
Pouertie and shame is to him that refuseth instruction: but hee that regardeth correction, shalbe honoured.
Strictly literal
Poverty and shame shall be [to] him that refuseth instruction; but he that regardeth reproof shall be honoured.
Whoso is refusing instruction — poverty and shame, And whoso is observing reproof is honoured.
Whoever is refusing instruction—poverty and shame, || And whoever is observing reproof is honored.
Poverty and disgrace will overtake him that rejecteth correction; but he that observeth admonition will be honored.
The one who ignores instruction will have poverty and shame, but honor will come to him who learns from correction.
From the Latin
Poverty and shame to him that refuseth instruction: but he that yieldeth to reproof, shall be glorified.
Simplified
Poverty and disgrace come to those who ignore instruction, but those who accept correction are honored.
Need and shame will be the fate of him who is uncontrolled by training; but he who takes note of teaching will be honoured.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of Proverbs 13:18, with both texts conveying the same core message about the consequences of ignoring discipline and the value of correction.
רֵ֣ישׁ וְ֭קָלוֹן פּוֹרֵ֣עַ מוּסָ֑ר וְשׁוֹמֵ֖ר תּוֹכַ֣חַת יְכֻבָּֽד׃
7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Proverbs 13:18
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
רֵישׁ (reysh) and רִישׁ (rish) both mean 'poverty' and are considered variants of the same term. The entries indicate that this word is used in the context of poverty, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meaning.
רִישׁ, רֵישׁ, רֵאשׁ n.m. poverty, only Pr
base
H7389a רֵישׁ, רֵאשׁ poverty H7389b רִישׁ poverty
7389 reysh raysh
or resh {raysh}; or riysh {reesh}; from 7326;
poverty:--poverty.
see HEBREW for 07326
רֵישׁ (resh) — poverty.
poverty
Also means: rish (רִישׁ "poverty" H7389B)
רִישׁ (rish) — poverty.
poverty
Another spelling of resh (רֵישׁ "poverty" H7389A)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
pov'-er-ti:
1. Old Testament References:
This word, found but once in the Old Testament (Ge 45:11) outside of the Book of Proverbs in which it occurs 11 times (6:11; 10:15; 11:24 the King James Version; 13:18; 20:13; 23:21; 24:34; 28:19,22 the King James Version; 30:8; 31:7), is a translation of yiwaresh, "to be poor," "to come to poverty" (Ge 45:11). Four different Hebrew words are used in the 11 references in Prov, all bearing the idea of being in need of the necessities of life, although a distinction is made between being in want and being in extreme want. Pr 18:23 well illustrates the general meaning of "poverty" as found in this book: "The poor (rush, "to be impoverished," "destitute") useth entreaties; but the rich…
קָלוֹן (qalown) refers to concepts of dishonor and shame, encompassing personal disgrace and national ignominy. It is derived from the root meaning associated with disgrace. The entries consistently highlight its negative connotations related to reputation and honor.
קָלוֹן n.m. ignominy, dishonour
base
H7036 קָלוֹן ignominy, dishonour
7036 qalown kaw-lone'
from 7034; disgrace; (by implication) the pudenda:--
confusion, dishonour, ignominy, reproach, shame.
see HEBREW for 07034
קָלוֹן (qa.lon) — dishonor.
1) shame, disgrace, dishonour, ignominy
1a) ignominy (of nation)
1b) dishonour, disgrace (personal)
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/Ncmsa
sham (bosh, "to be ashamed," bosheth, "shame," qalon; aischune, "ignominy," atimia, "dishonor," and other words): An oft-recurring word in Scripture almost uniformly bound up with a sense of sin and guilt. It is figuratively set forth as a wild beast (Jer 3:24), a Nessus-garment (Jer 3:25), a blight (Jer 20:18), a sin against one's own soul (Hab 2:10), and twice as the condensed symbol of Hebrew abomination--Baal (Jer 11:13 margin; Ho 9:10 margin; see ISH-BOSHETH). It is bracketed with defeat (Isa 30:3), reproach…
פָּרַע (para') is a Hebrew verb that primarily means to let go or neglect, with implications of loosening or exposing. It can also denote acting as a leader, as noted in Judges 5:2. The entries suggest a range of meanings from allowing freedom to causing a lack of restraint, with some lexicons emphasizing leadership and others focusing on neglect.
[פָּרַע] vb. denom. act as leader, lead(?);—only Ju 5:2
ref
פָּרַע vb. let go, let alone
Qal
let go, let loose, people, i.e. remove restraint from them
let alone = avoid; = neglect; = refrain
Niph. the people is let loose, lacks restraint.
Hiph.
cause people to refrain
shew lack of restraint
base
H6544a פָּרַע vb. denom. act as leader, lead(?) H6544b פָּרַע let go, let alone
6544 para` paw-rah'
a primitive root; to loosen; by implication, to expose,
dismiss; figuratively, absolve, begin:--avenge, avoid, bare,
go back, let, (make) naked, set at nought, perish, refuse,
uncover.
פָּרַע (pa.ra) — to lead.
to lead, act as leader
פָּרַע (pa.ra) — to neglect.
1) to let go, let loose, ignore, let alone
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to let go, let loose
1a2) to let alone, avoid, neglect
1a3) to loosen
1b) (Niphal) to be let loose, be loosened of restraint
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to cause to refrain
1c2) to show lack of restraint
1c3) to let loose restraints
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singularHVqrmsa
מוּסָר (mūsar) refers to discipline, chastening, and correction, particularly of a moral nature. It encompasses concepts like reproof, warning, and instruction, and can also imply restraint or bonds. The entries consistently highlight its focus on moral and instructional aspects, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
מוּסָר n.m. discipline (of the moral nature), chastening, correction
base
H4148 מוּסָר discipline (of the moral nature), chastening, correction
4148 muwcar moo-sawr'
from 3256; properly, chastisement; figuratively, reproof,
warning or instruction; also restraint:--bond, chastening
((-eth)), chastisement, check, correction, discipline,
doctrine, instruction, rebuke.
see HEBREW for 03256
מוּסָר (mu.sar) — discipline.
: discipline/punishment
1) discipline, chastening, correction
1a) discipline, correction
1b) chastening
מוּסָר (mu.sar) — discipline: instruction.
: instruction
1) discipline, chastening, correction
1a) discipline, correction
1b) chastening
מוּסָר (mu.sar) — discipline: bonds.
: bonds/noose
1) discipline, chastening, correction
1a) discipline, correction
1b) chastening
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
dis'-i-plin (mucar): In the King James Version only in Job 36:10, where it refers to moral discipline, the strenuous cultivation of the righteous life; the Revised Version (British and American) "instruction." the Revised Version (British and American) in 2Ti 1:7 has "discipline" for a Greek word (sophronismos) meaning "sobering"; in 2Ti 3:16 margin, for Greek paideia, "instruction." In classic Greek paideia means "education," mental culture. Through the influence of the Septuagint, which translates the Hebrew mucar by paideia, the meaning of "chastisement" accompanies paideia in the New Testament. Compare Heb 12:5,7,8,11.
→ Of armies, for disobedience of orders Jos 7:10-26; Jud 21:5-12
→ See ARMIES
→ CHURCH DISCIPLINE
See CHURCH, DISCIPLINE IN
The Hebrew word שָׁמַר (*shamar*) is a primitive root meaning to keep, guard, or observe. It encompasses a wide range of actions including protecting, waiting for, and celebrating obligations like the Sabbath. The verb appears in various forms, indicating nuances such as being on guard or refraining from certain actions. It is used extensively in the Old Testament, reflecting both physical and moral vigilance.
שָׁמַר 465 vb. keep, watch, preserve
Qal 425
keep, have charge of
keep, guard, captives
hence, watch for, wait for
watch, observe
keep, retain, of storing up (food)
keep within bounds, restrain
observe, celebrate
keep sabbath
of other obligations
observe = follow dictates of (prudence, justice, kindness, wisdom)
sts. י׳ subj.
keep, reserve, weeks of harvest
Niph.
36be on one's guard
keep oneself, refrain, abstain
be kept, guarded
Pi. those paying regard to false vanities
Hithp. I kept myself from
base
H8104 שָׁמַר keep, watch, preserve .. . keep, have charge of
. keep, guard, captives
. hence, watch for, wait for
. watch, observe
. . keep, retain, of storing up (food)
. keep within bounds, restrain
. . observe, celebrate
. keep sabbath
. of other obligations
. observe = follow dictates of (prudence, justice, kindness, wisdom)
. sts. י׳ subj.
. keep, reserve, weeks of harvest
. . be on one's guard
. keep oneself, refrain, abstain
. be kept, guarded
. those paying regard to false vanities
. I kept myself from
8104 shamar shaw-mar'
a primitive root; properly, to hedge about (as with thorns),
i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.:--beward,
be circumspect, take heed (to self), keep(-er, self), mark,
look narrowly, observe, preserve, regard, reserve, save
(self), sure, (that lay) wait (for), watch(-man).
שָׁמַר (sha.mar) — to keep: obey.
: obey/observe
1) to keep, guard, observe, give heed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to keep, have charge of
1a2) to keep, guard, keep watch and ward, protect, save life
1a2a) watch, watchman (participle)
1a3) to watch for, wait for
1a4) to watch, observe
1a5) to keep, retain, treasure up (in memory)
1a6) to keep (within bounds), restrain
1a7) to observe, celebrate, keep (sabbath or covenant or commands), perform (vow)
1a8) to keep, preserve, protect
1a9) to keep, reserve
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be on one's guard, take heed, take care, beware
1b2) to keep oneself, refrain, abstain
1b3) to be kept, be guarded
1c) (Piel) to keep, pay heed
1d) (Hithpael) to keep oneself from
שָׁמַר (sha.mar) — to keep: guard.
: guard
1) to keep, guard, observe, give heed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to keep, have charge of
1a2) to keep, guard, keep watch and ward, protect, save life
1a2a) watch, watchman (participle)
Conj | V-Qal — Conjunction · verb qal participle (active) masculine singularHC/Vqrmsa
תּוֹכֵחָה (towkechah) refers to rebuke or correction, while תּוֹכַ֫חַת (towkachath) pertains to argument or reproof. Both terms involve verbal expressions of correction or chastisement. The entries emphasize their use in contexts of correction and reasoning, but do not provide specific verse references.
תּוֹכֵחָה n.f. rebuke, correction
base
תּוֹכַ֫חַת n.f. argument, reproof
argument, impeachment, spoken by lips and mouth
reproof, chiding
correction, rebuke
base
H8433a תּוֹכֵחָה rebuke, correction H8433b תּוֹכַ֫חַת argument, reproof . argument, impeachment, spoken by lips and mouth
. reproof, chiding
. correction, rebuke
8433 towkechah to-kay-khaw'
and towkachath {to-kakh'-ath}; from 3198; chastisement;
figuratively (by words) correction, refutation, proof (even in
defence):--argument, X chastened, correction, reasoning,
rebuke, reproof, X be (often) reproved.
see HEBREW for 03198
תּוֹכֵחָה (to.khe.chah) — rebuke.
rebuke, correction, punishment, chastisement
תּוֹכַ֫חַת (to.kha.chat) — argument.
1) argument, reproof
1a) argument, impeachment
1b) reproof, chiding
1c) correction, rebuke
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
ko-rek'-shun (mucar, usually rendered "instruction," is translated "correction" in several passages): The verb from which the noun is derived signifies "to instruct" or "chastise." The idea of chastisement was very closely connected in the Hebrew mind with that of pedagogy. See CHASTISEMENT. the Revised Version (British and American) and the American Standard Revised Version have changed "correction" of the King James Version to "instruction" in Jer 7:28, reversing the order in the margins. shebheT, rendered "rod" in Job 21:9, is unnecessarily changed to "correction" in 37:13. In 2Ti 3:16, epanorthosis, is translated "correction." The difference between correction, discipline and instruction Was not clearly drawn in the Hebrew…
→ See AFFLICTION, DESIGN OF
→ See CHASTISEMENT
→ See CHILDREN, CORRECTION OF
→ See PARENTS
→ See PUNISHMENT
→ See SCOURGING
The Hebrew word כָּבֵד (kabad) is built from a primitive root meaning 'to be heavy.' It covers a range of meanings, including being burdensome, weighty, or honorable. The word can describe both a negative sense of heaviness or dullness and a positive sense of honor or glory. It appears in various forms, such as making oneself heavy or being made honorable.
כָּבֵד vb. be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honoured
Qal
be heavy, in weight
heavy, insensible, dull
be honoured
Niph.
pass.
be made heavy fr. abundance
be honoured, enjoy honour, of man
medial, get oneself glory (or honour), of God
Pi.
make heavy, insensible
make honourable, honour, glorify, usu. c. human subj.
Pu. be made honourable, honoured
Hiph.
make heavy
make heavy, dull, unresponsive, the ears
cause to be honoured
Hithp.
make oneself heavy, dense, numerous
honour oneself
base
H3513 כָּבֵד be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honoured .. be heavy, in weight
. heavy, insensible, dull
. be honoured
. . pass. . be made heavy fr. abundance
. be honoured, enjoy honour, of man
. medial, get oneself glory (or honour), of God
. . make heavy, insensible
. make honourable, honour, glorify, usu. c. human subj.
. be made honourable, honoured
. . make heavy
. make heavy, dull, unresponsive, the ears
. cause to be honoured
. . make oneself heavy, dense, numerous
. honour oneself
3513 kabad kaw-bad'
or kabed {kaw-bade'}; a primitive root; to be heavy, i.e. in
a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense
(numerous, rich, honorable; causatively, to make weighty (in
the same two senses):--abounding with, more grievously
afflict, boast, be chargeable, X be dim, glorify, be (make)
glorious (things), glory, (very) great, be grievous, harden,
be (make) heavy, be heavier, lay heavily, (bring to, come to,
do, get, be had in) honour (self), (be) honourable (man),
lade, X more be laid, make self many, nobles, prevail, promote
(to honour), be rich, be (go) sore, stop.
כָּבֵד (ka.vad) — to honor: honour.
: honour/glory
1) to be heavy, be weighty, be grievous, be hard, be rich, be honourable, be glorious, be burdensome, be honoured
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be heavy
1a2) to be heavy, be insensible, be dull
1a3) to be honoured
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be made heavy, be honoured, enjoy honour, be made abundant
1b2) to get oneself glory or honour, gain glory
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to make heavy, make dull, make insensible
1c2) to make honourable, honour, glorify
1d) (Pual) to be made honourable, be honoured
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to make heavy
1e2) to make heavy, make dull, make unresponsive
1e3) to cause to be honoured
1f) (Hithpael)
1f1) to make oneself heavy, make oneself dense, make oneself numerous
1f2) to honour oneself
כָּבֵד (ka.vad) — to honor: heavy.
: heavy/severe
1) to be heavy, be weighty, be grievous, be hard, be rich, be honourable, be glorious, be burdensome, be honoured
V-Pual-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Pual · imperfect third person masculine singularHVPi3ms
