Proverbs 14:25 — Word Study
WLCמַצִּ֣יל נְ֭פָשׁוֹת עֵ֣ד אֱמֶ֑ת וְיָפִ֖חַ כְּזָבִ֣ים מִרְמָֽה׃
BSAA truthfulʼemeth [faithful, true] witnessʻêd [one who testifies, gives testimony] savesnâtsal [rescues, delivers] livesnephesh [souls, living beings] but one who utterspûwach▸ [speaks, breathes out] lieskâzâb [falsehoods, deceit] is deceitfulmirmâh [practices, characterized by]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| מַצִּ֣יל | [is] delivering | Verb, Hiphil, participle (active) masculine singular |
| נְ֭פָשׁוֹת | lives | Noun common, feminine plural absolute |
| עֵ֣ד | a witness of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| אֱמֶ֑ת | reliability | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| וְיָפִ֖חַ | so he may breathe out | Conjunction, verb qal third person masculine singular |
| כְּזָבִ֣ים | lies | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| מִרְמָֽה׃ | deceit | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | A truthful witness saves lives, but one who utters lies is deceitful. |
| KJV | A true witness delivereth souls: but a deceitful witness speaketh lies. |
| ASV | A true witness delivereth souls; But he that uttereth lies causeth deceit. |
| YLT | A true witness is delivering souls, And a deceitful one breatheth out lies. |
| WEB | A truthful witness saves souls, but a false witness is deceitful. |
| BBE | A true witness is the saviour of lives; but he who says false things is a cause of deceit. |
The translations agree on the rendering of מַצִּ֣יל as saves.
The sentence has a main clause with a contrast introduced by 'but', creating a clear dichotomy between truth and deceit.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectמִרְמָה
verbנָצַל
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Proverbs 14:25
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Wisdom in Proverbsgenerated
Proverbs 14:25 presents a contrast between the outcomes of truthfulness and deceit. It highlights the role of a truthful witness in saving lives, while contrasting it with the destructive nature of lies. This verse fits within a broader discussion of wisdom and folly in the book of Proverbs, where wise living is consistently linked to truth and righteousness.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Proverbs 14:5 | An honest witness does not deceive, but a dishonest witness pours forth lies. |
| 2 | Acts 20:21–26 | testifying to Jews and Greeks alike about repentance to God and faith in our Lord Jesus Christ. |
| 3 | Acts 26:16–20 | ‘But get up and stand on your feet. For I have appeared to you to appoint you as a servant and as a witness of what you have seen from Me and what I will show you. |
| 4 | 1 Timothy 4:1–3 | Now the Spirit expressly states that in later times some will abandon the faith to follow deceitful spirits and the teachings of demons, |
| 5 | 2 Peter 3:3 | Most importantly, you must understand that in the last days scoffers will come, scoffing and following their own evil desires. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מַצִּ֣יל, ma.Tzilgenerated
The word מַצִּ֣יל (natsal) is a participle from the root meaning to rescue or deliver. It conveys the idea of saving someone from danger or harm, emphasizing action and agency in the act of rescue.
In this verse, מַצִּ֣יל describes a witness who actively saves lives, underscoring the importance of truthful testimony. The context suggests that such a witness plays a crucial role in preserving life, contrasting sharply with the destructive nature of lies.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses saves for מַצִּ֣יל.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The structure of the verse centers around the finite verb מַצִּ֣יל, saves, which governs the subject and the object. The second part of the verse introduces a contrasting idea with another verb יָפִ֖חַ, utters, creating a clear dichotomy between the truthful witness and the liar.
The word order emphasizes the actions of both the witness and the liar, placing the focus on the outcomes of their respective actions — one leads to life, while the other leads to deceit.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates מַצִּ֣יל as ῥύσεται (rhusetai), which means 'will save' or 'will rescue.' This choice reflects a similar emphasis on the act of saving, aligning closely with the Hebrew meaning.
The translation of יָפִ֖חַ as ἐκκαίει (ekkaiei) suggests a strong action of speaking out, reinforcing the idea of uttering lies.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Proverbs 14:25 tells us that a truthful witness saves lives, emphasizing the importance of honesty and integrity. In contrast, those who speak lies are characterized by deceit, highlighting the dangers of falsehood.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
A truthful witness is someone who testifies honestly about what they have seen or experienced, playing a crucial role in ensuring justice and preserving life.
Lies create a false reality that can mislead others, resulting in harm and broken trust.
Saving lives is a fundamental principle in many ethical teachings, emphasizing the value of human life and the responsibility to protect it.
Truth is essential for building trust and integrity in relationships, as it fosters open communication and mutual respect.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what situations have I witnessed the impact of truthfulness in saving lives?
- How can I practice being a truthful witness in my daily life?
- What are some consequences I have seen from deceit or lies?
- How does my understanding of truth influence my relationships with others?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Bede comments on this verse, noting that a faithful witness delivers souls, connecting it to Christ as the ultimate witness.
A faithful witness delivers souls, etc. Christ, who is the faithful witness, liberates souls, as we read in the Apocalypse; and, as the Apostle says, he testified the good confession before Pontius Pilate (I Tim. VI).Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 14 →
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Proverbs 14:25 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleA true witness delivereth souls,.... Or, "a witness of truth" (x): one that witnesses truth upon oath in a court of judicature, he "delivers souls"; men, not one man only, but many; a whole family,
Read John Gill on Proverbs 14 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryA true witness delivereth souls: but a deceitful witness speaketh lies. A true witness delivereth souls - `delivers' innocent souls that are calumniated and accused before judges.
Read Robert Jamieson on Proverbs 14 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleDelivereth souls, i.e. persons, to wit, such as are innocent, from the mischief of false accusations, by declaring the truth, which is sufficient for their vindication. Speaketh lies, to the injury and destruction of the innocent; which is easily understood out of the former clause, and from the practice of false witnesses.
Read Matthew Poole on Proverbs 14 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsProverbs 14:25 A true witness delivereth souls: but a deceitful [witness] speaketh lies.Ver. 25. A true witness delivereth souls.] Or, Lives that lie at stake. He that helps the truth in such a necessity doth a worthy work. To walk about with slanders is to "shed blood." Way was made to that bloody French massacre by false reports cast abroad by the friar liars, that the Protestants, under pretence of religion, met by night that they might feed daintily, and then lie together promiscuously. He that hath a mind to hang his dog, saith the French proverb, will first give out that he is run mad. The devil was first a liar, and then a murderer from the beginning.
Read John Trapp on Proverbs 14 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges25. delivereth souls] by clearing them from false accusation and establishing their innocence. a deceitful witness speaketh lies] Rather: he that uttereth (lit. breatheth) lies (causes, or is) deceit, R.V.; is a cheat, Lange. He who, in contrast to the “faithful witness,” gives false evidence obscures the truth and (it is implied) destroys, instead of “delivering” souls. The rendering of A.V. has the support both of LXX., ἐκκαίειδὲψευδῆδόλιος (sc. μάρτυς); and of Vulg. profert mendacia versipellis.
Read Cambridge on Proverbs 14 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleIn the second clause, “destroyeth life” might have been expected as the antithesis to “delivereth souls.” But what worse could be said? “A deceitful witness speaketh lies.” All destruction is implied in falsehood.
Read Albert Barnes on Proverbs 14 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible25. A deceitful witness… lies — This is true, but the clause is better rendered thus: He that breathes lies (an habitual liar) is a deception, a witness who cannot be depended on.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Proverbs 14 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
A truthful witness saves lives, but one who utters lies is deceitful.
A truthful witness saves souls, but a false witness is deceitful.
A truthful witness saves lives, but one who utters lies is deceitful.
A truthful witness rescues lives, but the one who breathes lies brings deception.
Tyndale line
A true witness delivereth souls: but a deceitful witness speaketh lies.
A true witness delivereth souls; But he that uttereth lies causeth deceit.
A true witness delivereth souls: but he that uttereth lies causeth deceit.
A true witness delivereth souls: but a deceitful witness speaketh lies.
A faithfull witnes deliuereth soules: but a deceiuer speaketh lyes.
Strictly literal
A true witness delivereth souls; but deceit uttereth lies.
A true witness is delivering souls, And a deceitful one breatheth out lies.
A true witness is delivering souls, || And a deceitful one breathes out lies.
A deliverer of souls is the true witness; but a witness of deceit uttereth lies.
A truthful witness saves lives, but a false witness breathes out lies.
From the Latin
A faithful witness delivereth souls: and the double dealer uttereth lies.
Simplified
A truthful witness saves lives, but a false witness is treacherous.
A true witness is the saviour of lives; but he who says false things is a cause of deceit.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text states, "מַצִּ֣יל נְ֭פָשׁוֹת עֵ֣ד אֱמֶ֑ת וְיָפִ֖חַ כְּזָבִ֣ים מִרְמָֽה׃" which translates to "A truthful witness saves lives, but one who utters lies is deceitful." The Septuagint agrees with the Masoretic Text in meaning and content, as all seven words correspond directly in translation, although the word order may differ. There are no significant differences between these witnesses regarding this verse, indicating a strong consistency in the preservation of this text across these ancient manuscripts.
מַצִּ֣יל נְ֭פָשׁוֹת עֵ֣ד אֱמֶ֑ת וְיָפִ֖חַ כְּזָבִ֣ים מִרְמָֽה׃
7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Proverbs 14:25
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word נָצַל (natsal) is built from a primitive root meaning to snatch away, with various usages across different stems. It covers a range of meanings including to rescue, deliver, plunder, and strip. The word appears in contexts of delivering oneself or being delivered, as well as rescuing from enemies or sin.
[נָצַל] 212 vb. not in Qal; Pi. strip, plunder; Niph. deliver oneself, be delivered Hiph. snatch away, deliver
Niph.
reflex. tear oneself away, deliver oneself
passive, be torn out or away
Pi.
strip off, spoil
deliver
Hiph.
take away, snatch away
rescue, recover
deliver from
deliver from sin and guilt
Hoph. as a brand plucked out of the burning
Hithp. and they stripped themselves of their ornaments.
base
H5337 נָצַל not in Qal; Pi. strip, plunder; Niph. deliver oneself, be delivered Hiph. snatch away, deliver
5337 natsal naw-tsal'
a primitive root; to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad
sense:- X at all, defend, deliver (self), escape, X without
fail, part, pluck, preserve, recover, rescue, rid, save,
spoil, strip, X surely, take (out).
נָצַל (na.tsal) — to rescue.
1) to snatch away, deliver, rescue, save, strip, plunder
1a)(Niphal)
1a1) to tear oneself away, deliver oneself
1a2) to be torn out or away, be delivered
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to strip off, spoil
1b2) to deliver
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to take away, snatch away
1c2) to rescue, recover
1c3) to deliver (from enemies or troubles or death)
1c4) to deliver from sin and guilt
1d) (Hophal) to be plucked out
1e) (Hithpael) to strip oneself
Aramaic equivalent: ne.tsal (נְצַל "to rescue" H5338)
V-Hiphil — Verb · Hiphil · participle (active) masculine singularHVhrmsa
The Hebrew word נֶ֫פֶשׁ (*nephesh*) broadly means 'soul' or 'living being,' encompassing concepts like life, self, person, desire, and emotion. It is derived from the root meaning 'to breathe' and signifies both physical and mental aspects of existence. The lexicons note its use in various contexts, including as the seat of appetites and emotions, though its application to will and character is uncertain.
נֶ֫פֶשׁ 756 n.f. soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion, and passion
= that which breathes, the breathing substance or being
The נפשׁ becomes a living being
The נפשׁ is specif.
The נפשׁ as the essential of man stands for the man himself
נפשׁ = seat of the appetites, in all periods (46 t.)
נ׳ = seat of emotions and passions
נפשׁ is used occasionally for mental acts
נפשׁ for acts of the will is dub.
נפשׁ = character is still more dub.
נ׳ in D
base
H5315 נֶ֫פֶשׁ soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion, and passion . = that which breathes, the breathing substance or being
. The נפשׁ becomes a living being
. The נפשׁ is specif.
. The נפשׁ as the essential of man stands for the man himself
. נפשׁ = seat of the appetites, in all periods (46 t.)
. נ׳ = seat of emotions and passions
. נפשׁ is used occasionally for mental acts
. נפשׁ for acts of the will is dub.
. נפשׁ = character is still more dub.
. נ׳ in D
5315 nephesh neh'-fesh
from 5314; properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of
(abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal,
accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental):--any,
appetite, beast, body, breath, creature, X dead(-ly), desire,
X (dis-)contented, X fish, ghost, + greedy, he, heart(-y),
(hath, X jeopardy of) life (X in jeopardy), lust, man, me,
mind, mortally, one, own, person, pleasure, (her-, him-, my-,
thy-)self, them (your)-selves, + slay, soul, + tablet, they,
thing, (X she) will, X would have it.
see HEBREW for 05314
נֶ֫פֶשׁ (ne.phesh) — soul.
1) soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion
1a) that which breathes, the breathing substance or being, soul, the inner being of man
1b) living being
1c) living being (with life in the blood)
1d) the man himself, self, person or individual
1e) seat of the appetites
1f) seat of emotions and passions
1g) activity of mind
1g1) uncertain
1h) activity of the will
1h1) uncertain
1i) activity of the character
1i1) uncertain
נֶ֫פֶשׁ (ne.phesh) — soul: life.
1) soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion
1a) that which breathes, the breathing substance or being, soul, the inner being of man
1b) living being
1c) living being (with life in the blood)
1d) the man himself, self, person or individual
1e) seat of the appetites
1f) seat of emotions and passions
1g) activity of mind
N-cp — Noun common · feminine plural absoluteHNcfpa
עֵד (ed) means 'witness' and encompasses both the act of witnessing and the person who testifies. It is derived from a root suggesting emphatic affirmation. The term can refer to evidence of things or to individuals providing testimony.
עֵד 69 n.m. witness (prob. fr. reiterating, hence emphatically affirming)
witness, testimony, evidence, of things
witness, a person
base
H5707 עֵד witness (prob. fr. reiterating, hence emphatically affirming) . witness, testimony, evidence, of things
. witness, a person
5707 `ed ayd
contracted from 5749 ; concretely, a witness; abstractly,
testimony; specifically, a recorder, i.e. prince:--witness.
see HEBREW for 05749
עֵד (ed) — witness.
1) witness
1a) witness, testimony, evidence (of things)
1b) witness (of people)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
אֱמֶת (emeth) encompasses concepts of firmness, faithfulness, and truth. It signifies reliability and stability, often in the context of ethical or religious knowledge. The word can also function as an adverb meaning 'in truth' or 'truly.' There is a consistent emphasis on its meanings related to certainty and trustworthiness across the entries.
אֱמֶת n.f. firmness, faithfulness
reliability, sureness
stability, continuance
faithfulness, reliableness
truth
adv. in truth, truly
base
H571 אֱמֶת firmness, faithfulness . reliability, sureness
. stability, continuance
. faithfulness, reliableness
. truth
. adv. in truth, truly
571 'emeth eh'-meth
contracted from 539; stability; (figuratively) certainty,
truth, trustworthiness:--assured(-ly), establishment,
faithful, right, sure, true (-ly, -th), verity.
see HEBREW for 0539
אֱמֶת (e.met) — truth: faithful.
: faithful
1) firmness, faithfulness, truth
1a) sureness, reliability
1b) stability, continuance
1c) faithfulness, reliableness
1d) truth
1d1) as spoken
1d2) of testimony and judgment
1d3) of divine instruction
1d4) truth as a body of ethical or religious knowledge
1d5) true doctrine
adv
2) in truth, truly
אֱמֶת (e.met) — truth: true.
: true
1) firmness, faithfulness, truth
1a) sureness, reliability
1b) stability, continuance
1c) faithfulness, reliableness
1d) truth
1d1) as spoken
1d2) of testimony and judgment
1d3) of divine instruction
1d4) truth as a body of ethical or religious knowledge
1d5) true doctrine
adv
2) in truth, truly
אֱמֶת (e.met) — truth: certain.
: certain/fixed
1) firmness, faithfulness, truth
1a) sureness, reliability
1b) stability, continuance
1c) faithfulness, reliableness
1d) truth
1d1) as spoken
1d2) of testimony and judgment
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
פּוּחַ (puwach) is a primitive root meaning to breathe or blow. It encompasses actions such as puffing, fanning, and uttering, and can also imply excitement or inflaming. The verb appears in various forms, including Qal and Hiphil, indicating different nuances like causing to exhale or expressing wrath.
[פּוּחַ] vb. breathe, blow
Qal until the day breathes, i.e. grows cool
Hiph.
cause garden to exhale
puff, snort, against
with the fire of my wrath will I blow against thee
excite, inflame city
puff = pant for it
breathe out, utter
base
H6315 פּוּחַ
6315 puwach poo'akh
a primitive root; to puff, i.e. blow with the breath or air;
hence, to fan (as a breeze), to utter, to kindle (a fire), to
scoff:--blow (upon), break, puff, bring into a snare, speak,
utter.
פּוּחַ (pu.ach) — to breathe.
1) to breathe, blow
1a) (Qal) to breathe
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to exhale or breathe
1b2) to puff, snort
1b3) to excite, inflame
1b4) to puff, pant for it
1b5) to breathe out, utter
1b6) to blow, blast
Conj | V-Hiphil-Imperf-3ms — Conjunction · verb qal third person masculine singularHC/Vqu3ms
כָּזָב (kazab) refers to a lie or falsehood, encompassing meanings like deceit and untruth. It is derived from a root that suggests the concept of deception. The entries consistently describe it as a term for falsehood without significant disagreement among lexicons.
כָּזָב n.m. lie, falsehood, deceptive thing
base
H3577 כָּזָב lie, falsehood, deceptive thing
3577 kazab kaw-zawb'
from 3576; falsehood; literally (untruth) or figuratively
(idol):--deceitful, false, leasing, + liar, lie, lying.
see HEBREW for 03576
כָּזָב (ka.zav) — lie.
a lie, untruth, falsehood, deceptive thing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
מִרְמָה (mirmah) refers to deceit or treachery. It is derived from the root word meaning to deceive and encompasses concepts like fraud, guile, and craftiness. The term appears in contexts that highlight dishonesty and trickery.
מִרְמָה n.f. deceit, treachery
base
H4820 מִרְמָה deceit, treachery
4820 mirmah meer-maw'
from 7411 in the sense of deceiving; fraud:--craft,
deceit(-ful, -fully), false, feigned, guile, subtilly,
treachery.
see HEBREW for 07411
מִרְמָה (mir.mah) — deceit.
deceit, treachery
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
de-set' (mirmah; (dolos)): The intentional misleading or beguiling of another; in Scripture represented as a companion of many other forms of wickedness, as cursing (Ps 10:7), hatred (Pr 26:24), theft, covetousness, adultery, murder (Mr 7:22; Ro 1:29). The Revised Version (British and American) introduces the word in Pr 14:25; 2Th 2:10; but in such passages as Ps 55:11; Pr 20:17; 26:26; 1Th 2:3, renders a…