Proverbs 22:8 — Word Study
WLCזוֹרֵ֣עַ עַ֭וְלָה יִקְצָר אָ֑וֶן וְשֵׁ֖בֶט עֶבְרָת֣וֹ יִכְלֶֽה׃
BSAHe who sowszâraʻ [plants, spreads] injusticeʻevel [iniquity, moral evil] will reap disasterqâtsar▸ [harvest, gather, trouble, calamity] and the rodshêbeṭ [staff] of his furyʻebrâh [anger, wrath] will be destroyedkâlâh▸ [ended, consumed]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| זוֹרֵ֣עַ | [one who] sows | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular |
| עַ֭וְלָה | unrighteousness | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| יִקְצָר | he will reap | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| אָ֑וֶן | trouble | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וְשֵׁ֖בֶט | and [the] rod of | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| עֶבְרָת֣וֹ | fury his | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| יִכְלֶֽה׃ | it will end | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | He who sows injustice will reap disaster, and the rod of his fury will be destroyed. |
| KJV | He that soweth iniquity shall reap vanity: and the rod of his anger shall fail. |
| ASV | He that soweth iniquity shall reap calamity; And the rod of his wrath shall fail. |
| YLT | Whoso is sowing perverseness reapeth sorrow, And the rod of his anger weareth out. |
| WEB | He who sows wickedness reaps trouble, and the rod of his fury will be destroyed. |
| BBE | By planting the seed of evil a man will get in the grain of sorrow, and the rod of his wrath will be broken. |
Translations agree on the key terms and meanings in this verse.
The sentence is structured around a main clause with two subordinate clauses detailing the consequences of the actions described.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbזָרַע
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Proverbs 22:8
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Consequences of Injusticegenerated
Proverbs 22:8 illustrates a fundamental principle of moral order: those who sow injustice will inevitably reap disaster. This verse highlights the relationship between one's actions and their outcomes, emphasizing that engaging in wrongdoing leads to negative consequences. The surrounding verses further explore themes of wealth, generosity, and the impact of one's choices on others, reinforcing the importance of righteousness in personal conduct.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Job 4:8 | As I have observed, those who plow iniquity and those who sow trouble reap the same. |
| 2 | Hosea 8:7 | For they sow the wind, and they shall reap the whirlwind. There is no standing grain; what sprouts fails to yield flour. Even if it should produce, the foreigners would swallow it up. |
| 3 | Hosea 10:13 | You have plowed wickedness and reaped injustice; you have eaten the fruit of lies. Because you have trusted in your own way and in the multitude of your mighty men, |
| 4 | Galatians 6:7–8 | Do not be deceived: God is not to be mocked. Whatever a man sows, he will reap in return. |
| 5 | Proverbs 14:3 | The proud speech of a fool brings a rod to his back, but the lips of the wise protect them. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — זוֹרֵ֣עַ, zo.Re.a'generated
The word זָרַע (zara`) means to sow or scatter seed, indicating the act of planting. It can also be used figuratively to describe the spreading of ideas or actions that bear fruit over time. The parsing as a participle indicates an ongoing action, emphasizing the active role of the subject in sowing injustice.
This word appears frequently in the Hebrew Bible, often in agricultural contexts, but it also carries significant metaphorical weight, suggesting the cultivation of moral or spiritual outcomes based on one’s actions.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
In this study, we reference the Berean Standard Bible (BSB), which uses sows for זוֹרֵ֣עַ and reap for יִקְצָר.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb זוֹרֵ֣עַ governs the sentence, with two clauses following: the first describes the action of sowing injustice, and the second details the consequences of that action. The structure highlights the cause-and-effect relationship inherent in the verse.
The use of participles and nouns emphasizes the actions and their results, creating a clear moral lesson about the repercussions of one's deeds.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates זוֹרֵ֣עַ as σπείρων (speirō), which also means to sow. This choice maintains the agricultural imagery while adapting it to the Greek audience.
The translation of עַ֭וְלָה as φαῦλα (phaula) suggests a focus on moral evil, aligning with the Hebrew meaning but perhaps broadening its application.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Proverbs 22:8 teaches that those who engage in injustice will face serious consequences. The verse illustrates that wrongdoing leads to disaster, while the rod of anger will ultimately be destroyed. This highlights the moral principle that actions have repercussions.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To sow injustice means to engage in actions that are morally wrong or unfair, leading to negative outcomes.
The disaster refers to the troubles and calamities that result from engaging in unrighteous behavior.
This verse fits within a broader discussion of morality, contrasting the behavior of the rich and poor, and emphasizing the importance of righteous living.
We learn that our actions have consequences, and engaging in injustice will ultimately lead to negative outcomes for ourselves and others.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have I seen injustice lead to negative consequences in my own life or in society?
- How can I ensure that I am sowing good deeds rather than injustice?
- What steps can I take to promote fairness and righteousness in my community?
- How does understanding the consequences of my actions shape my decisions?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentary on this verse highlights the moral implications of teaching iniquity, emphasizing the consequences of such actions.
"He who sows iniquity," etc. It is certain that he who teaches iniquity either by word or example, will receive vengeance;Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 22 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Proverbs 22:8 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleHe that soweth iniquity (u) shall reap vanity,.... He that practises sin, and is frequent in the commission of it; indulges to it in a profuse way, as the sower plentifully scatters his seed; such
Read John Gill on Proverbs 22 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryHe that soweth iniquity shall reap vanity: and the rod of his anger shall fail. He that soweth iniquity shall reap vanity - (Job 4:8; Hosea 10:13.) According to each man's sowing shall be his harvest.
Read Robert Jamieson on Proverbs 22 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHe that soweth iniquity, or unrighteousness, whose common practice it is to wrong or oppress others, shall reap vanity; or, trouble or misery, as this word is commonly used, and as divers here render it. The mischief which he hath done to others shall be returned to him by God’ s righteous sentence. The rod of his anger shall fail; that power which he used with fury and cruelty shall be taken away from him.
Read Matthew Poole on Proverbs 22 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsProverbs 22:8 He that soweth iniquity shall reap vanity: and the rod of his anger shall fail.Ver. 8. He that soweth iniquity, shall reap vanity.] The usurer and cruel creditor soweth his money, his mammon of iniquity (that ungain grain), upon his poor debtors; and whether it be a barren year or a fruitful, a good soil or a bad, luna affert menstruos sensus, he hath his constant pay, yea, his use upon use, according to that Greek verse, ‘Eστιτοκοςπροτοκοιο, τοκοςτεμενεστικαιαλλος.’ Now, can such increase be blest? Shall not those that thus sow the wind be sure to reap the whirlwind? And the rod of his anger shall fail.] That is, that tyrannical power which he exerciseth upon others, as his…
Read John Trapp on Proverbs 22 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(8) Vanity—i.e., calamity, trouble. The rod of his anger shall fail.—When his time comes, and his iniquity is full, he shall himself suffer the punishment he brought on others, as Babylon did (Isaiah 14:6), Assyria (Isaiah 30:31).
Read Charles John Ellicott on Proverbs 22 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 8. He that soweth iniquity] The crop must be according to the seed. If a man sow thistle seed, is it likely he shall reap wheat? If he sow to the flesh, shall he not of the flesh reap destruction?
Read AdamClarke on Proverbs 22 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges8. vanity] Better, with R.V. text, calamity; κακὰ, LXX.; mala, Vulg. the rod of his anger] i.e. his power to vent his wrath upon others. Comp. Isaiah 14:6. The LXX. add to this verse ἄνδραἱλαρὸνκαὶδότηνεὐλογεῖὁΘεὸς, which is quoted by St Paul, 2 Corinthians 9:7.
Read Cambridge on Proverbs 22 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThe rod of his anger - That with which he smites others (compare Isaiah 14:6). The King James Version describes the final impotence of the wrath of the wicked.
Read Albert Barnes on Proverbs 22 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
He who sows injustice will reap disaster, and the rod of his fury will be destroyed.
He who sows wickedness reaps trouble, and the rod of his fury will be destroyed.
He who sows injustice will reap disaster, and the rod of his fury will be destroyed.
The one who sows iniquity will reap trouble, and the rod of his fury will end.
Tyndale line
He that soweth iniquity shall reap vanity: and the rod of his anger shall fail.
He that soweth iniquity shall reap calamity; And the rod of his wrath shall fail.
He that soweth iniquity shall reap calamity: and the rod of his wrath shall fail.
He that soweth iniquity shall reap vanity: and the rod of his anger shall fail.
He that soweth iniquitie, shall reape affliction, and the rodde of his anger shall faile.
Strictly literal
He that soweth unrighteousness shall reap iniquity, and the rod of his wrath shall have an end.
Whoso is sowing perverseness reapeth sorrow, And the rod of his anger weareth out.
Whoever is sowing perverseness reaps sorrow, || And the rod of his anger wears out.
He that soweth injustice will reap wrong-doing; and the rod of God's wrath will not fail.
He who sows injustice will reap trouble and the rod of his fury will fade away.
From the Latin
He that soweth iniquity shall reap evils, and with the rod of his anger he shall be consumed.
Simplified
Those who sow injustice will reap disaster, and the angry beatings they inflict on others will be stopped.
By planting the seed of evil a man will get in the grain of sorrow, and the rod of his wrath will be broken.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording, with six of the seven Hebrew words matched in the Greek translation. This consistency reinforces the integrity of the verse across different textual traditions.
זוֹרֵ֣עַ עַ֭וְלָה יִקְצָר אָ֑וֶן וְשֵׁ֖בֶט עֶבְרָת֣וֹ יִכְלֶֽה׃
6 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Proverbs 22:8
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
זָרַע (zara`) is a Hebrew verb meaning to sow or scatter seed. It covers various aspects of planting and yielding, including the figurative sense of producing or conceiving. The root can denote actions in different forms, such as being sown or becoming pregnant. The entries indicate a range of uses, from agricultural to reproductive contexts.
זָרַע vb. sow, scatter seed
Qal
lit. sow
of shrub and tree producing, yielding seed
fig.
Niph. be sown, fructified
be sown
be fructified, made pregnant
Pu. of princes and judges under fig. of trees
Hiph.
produce seed
of a woman, = bear a child
base
H2232 זָרַע sow, scatter seed .. lit. sow
2232 zara` zaw-rah'
a primitive root; to sow; figuratively, to disseminate,
plant, fructify:--bear, conceive seed, set with sow(-er),
yield.
זָרַע (za.ra) — to sow.
1) to sow, scatter seed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to sow
1a2) producing, yielding seed
1b)(Niphal)
1b1) to be sown
1b2) to become pregnant, be made pregnant
1c) (Pual) to be sown
1d) (Hiphil) to produce seed, yield seed
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singularHVqrmsa
The Hebrew word עָ֫וֶל (*evel*) and its variant עַוְלָה (*avlah*) both denote concepts of injustice and unrighteousness. They encompass moral evil, including violent deeds and wrongful speech. The entries highlight their usage as nouns, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.
עָ֫וֶל n.m. injustice, unrighteousness
base
עַוְלָה n.f. injustice, unrighteousness, wrong
base
H5766a עָ֫וֶל injustice, unrighteousness H5766b עַוְלָה injustice, unrighteousness, wrong
5766 `evel eh'-vel
or lavel {aw'-vel}; and (feminine) lavlah {av-law'}; or owlah
{o-law'}; or .olah {o-law'}; from 5765; (moral)
evil:--iniquity, perverseness, unjust(-ly),
unrighteousness(-ly); wicked(-ness).
see HEBREW for 05765
עָ֫וֶל (e.vel) — injustice.
injustice, unrighteousness
Another spelling of av.lah (עַוְלָה "injustice" H5766B)
עַוְלָה (av.lah) — injustice.
1) injustice, unrighteousness, wrong
1a) violent deeds of injustice
1b) injustice (of speech)
1c) injustice (generally)
N-cs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
קָצֵר (qatsar) is a Hebrew word that primarily means 'to be short' or 'to reap.' It is built from a primitive root that conveys the idea of curtailing or harvesting, applicable in both literal and figurative contexts. The entries indicate that it can express feelings of impatience or grief, as well as the act of harvesting crops.
[קָצֵר], I. קָצַר vb. be short
Qal be short
Pi. shorten
Hiph. id.
base
[קָצַר] vb. reap, harvest
H7114a קָצֵר, קָצַר be short H7114b קָצַר reap, harvest
7114 qatsar kaw-tsar'
a primitive root; to dock off, i.e. curtail (transitive or
intransitive, literal or figurative); especially to harvest
(grass or grain):--X at all, cut down, much discouraged,
grieve, harvestman, lothe, mourn, reap(-er), (be, wax)
short(-en, -er), straiten, trouble, vex.
קָצֵר (qa.tser) — be short.
1) to be short, be impatient, be vexed, be grieved
1a) (Qal) to be short
1b) (Piel) to shorten
1c) (Hiphil) to shorten
קָצַר (qa.tsar) — to reap.
1) to reap, harvest
1a) (Qal) to reap, harvest
1b) (Hiphil) to reap, harvest
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
אָ֫וֶן (aven) encompasses meanings related to trouble, sorrow, and wickedness. It may also refer to idolatry and the concept of vanity or nothingness. The entries suggest a range of negative connotations, including affliction and iniquity, indicating a strong moral or ethical dimension. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons.
אָ֫וֶן 85 n.m. trouble, sorrow, wickedness
trouble, sorrow
idolatry
trouble of iniquity, wickedness
base
H205 אָ֫וֶן trouble, sorrow, wickedness
205 'aven aw-ven'
from an unused root perhaps meaning properly, to pant (hence,
to exert oneself, usually in vain; to come to naught);
strictly nothingness; also trouble. vanity, wickedness;
specifically an idol:--affliction, evil, false, idol,
iniquity, mischief, mourners(-ing), naught, sorrow, unjust,
unrighteous, vain ,vanity, wicked(-ness). Compare 369.
see HEBREW for 0369
אָ֫וֶן (a.ven) — evil: wickedness.
1) trouble, wickedness, sorrow
1a) trouble, sorrow
1b) idolatry
1c) trouble of iniquity, wickedness
Also means: a.ven (אָ֫וֶן ": trouble" H0205H)
אָ֫וֶן (a.ven) — evil: trouble.
1) trouble, wickedness, sorrow
1a) trouble, sorrow
1b) idolatry
1c) trouble of iniquity, wickedness
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
→ BORROWING Mt 6:25-34; Mr 5:35,36; Joh 14:1; 16:6,7; Php 4:6; 1Pe 5:7
See AFFLICTION
See SUFFERING
→ INSTANCES OF
Israelites at the Red Sea Ex 14:10-12
About water Ex 15:23-25; 17:2,3; Nu 20:1-13
Food Ex 16:2,3; Nu 11:4-33
When Moses waited upon the mountain Ex 32:1
שֵׁ֫בֶט (shebet) refers to both a physical object and a social group. It can mean a rod, staff, or sceptre, often associated with authority or punishment, as well as a tribe or clan. The word is built from a root likely meaning to branch off, indicating both literal and figurative uses.
שֵׁ֫בֶט 189 n.m. 1. rod, staff, club, sceptre. 2. tribe
base
H7626 שֵׁ֫בֶט 1. rod, staff, club, sceptre. 2. tribe
7626 shebet shay'-bet
from an unused root probably meaning to branch off; a scion,
i.e. (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting,
ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan:--X
correction, dart, rod, sceptre, staff, tribe.
שֵׁ֫בֶט (she.vet) — tribe: staff.
: staff
1) rod, staff, branch, offshoot, club, sceptre, tribe
1a) rod, staff
1b) shaft (of spear, dart)
1c) club (of shepherd's implement)
1d) truncheon, sceptre (mark of authority)
1e) clan, tribe
שֵׁ֫בֶט (she.vet) — tribe.
: tribe
1) rod, staff, branch, offshoot, club, sceptre, tribe
1a) rod, staff
1b) shaft (of spear, dart)
1c) club (of shepherd's implement)
1d) truncheon, sceptre (mark of authority)
1e) clan, tribe
שֵׁ֫בֶט (she.vet) — tribe: javelin.
: javelin
1) rod, staff, branch, offshoot, club, sceptre, tribe
1a) rod, staff
1b) shaft (of spear, dart)
1c) club (of shepherd's implement)
1d) truncheon, sceptre (mark of authority)
1e) clan, tribe
שֵׁ֫בֶט (she.vet) — tribe: ruler.
: ruler
1) rod, staff, branch, offshoot, club, sceptre, tribe
1a) rod, staff
1b) shaft (of spear, dart)
1c) club (of shepherd's implement)
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עֶבְרָה (*'ebrah*) is a feminine noun derived from the root word for overflow. It encompasses meanings such as outburst, excess, and fury, often relating to intense emotions like anger and arrogance. The entries consistently highlight its association with passionate outpourings, particularly in contexts of rage.
עֶבְרָה n.f. overflow, arrogance, fury
base
H5678 עֶבְרָה overflow, arrogance, fury
5678 `ebrah eb-raw'
feminine of 5676; an outburst of passion:--anger, rage,
wrath.
see HEBREW for 05676
עֶבְרָה (ev.rah) — fury.
1) outpouring, overflow, excess, fury, wrath, arrogance
1a) overflow, excess, outburst
1b) arrogance
1c) overflowing rage or fury
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp3ms
The Hebrew word כָּלָה (*kalah*) is a primitive root meaning to end or finish. It encompasses a range of meanings, including to complete, accomplish, perish, and destroy. The entries indicate various uses in both intransitive and transitive forms, covering actions like finishing a task or causing something to cease. Notably, it can also imply negative connotations, such as plotting or destruction.
כָּלָה 204 vb. be complete, at an end, finished, accomplished, spent
Qal
be complete, at an end, of a period of time
be completed, finished, of a work
be accomplished, fulfilled
be idealy complete, be determined, always in a bad sense, plotted
be spent, used up (prop. come to an end), of water
waste away, be exhausted, fail
come to an end, vanish = perish, be destroyed
Pi.
complete, bring to an end, finish, a thing, task, work, etc.
complete a period of time
finish doing a thing
make an end, end
accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass
accomplish in thought, determine
put an end to, cause to cease
cause to fail, exhaust, use up, spend
destroy, sts. exterminate
base
H3615 כָּלָה be complete, at an end, finished, accomplished, spent .. . be complete, at an end, of a period of time
. be completed, finished, of a work
. be accomplished, fulfilled
. be idealy complete, be determined, always in a bad sense, plotted
. . be spent, used up (prop. come to an end), of water
. waste away, be exhausted, fail
. come to an end, vanish = perish, be destroyed
. . . complete, bring to an end, finish, a thing, task, work, etc.
. complete a period of time
. finish doing a thing
. make an end, end
. accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass
. accomplish in thought, determine
. . put an end to, cause to cease
. cause to fail, exhaust, use up, spend
. destroy, sts. exterminate
3615 kalah kaw-law'
a primitive root; to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be
finished, perish) or transitived (to complete, prepare,
consume):--accomplish, cease, consume (away), determine,
destroy (utterly), be (when ... were) done, (be an) end (of),
expire, (cause to) fail, faint, finish, fulfil, X fully, X
have, leave (off), long, bring to pass, wholly reap, make
clean riddance, spend, quite take away, waste.
כָּלָה (ka.lah) — to end: finish.
: finish
1) to accomplish, cease, consume, determine, end, fail, finish, be complete, be accomplished, be ended, be at an end, be finished, be spent
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be complete, be at an end
1a2) to be completed, be finished
1a3) to be accomplished, be fulfilled
1a4) to be determined, be plotted (bad sense)
1a5) to be spent, be used up
1a6) to waste away, be exhausted, fail
1a7) to come to an end, vanish, perish, be destroyed
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to complete, bring to an end, finish
1b2) to complete (a period of time)
1b3) to finish (doing a thing)
1b4) to make an end, end
1b5) to accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass
1b6) to accomplish, determine (in thought)
1b7) to put an end to, cause to cease
1b8) to cause to fail, exhaust, use up, spend
1b9) to destroy, exterminate
1c) (Pual) to be finished, be ended, be completed
כָּלָה (ka.lah) — to end: destroy.
: destroy
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
qets, 'ephec, kalah; telos, sunteleo:
The end of anything is its termination, hence, also, final object or purpose.
It is the translation of several Hebrew and Greek words, chiefly in the Old Testament of qets (properly, "a cutting off") and other words from the same root (Ge 6:13, "The end of all flesh is come before me"); 'acharith, "hinder part," is also frequently translated "end" (De 11:12; Ps 37:37,38, American Revised Version: "There is a happy end to the man of peace .... The end of the wicked shall be cut off"; the English Revised Version "latter end" (Ps 37:37), margin "reward" or "future posterity"; Ps 73:17…
End
In Heb. 13:7, is the rendering of the unusual Greek word ekbasin, meaning “outcome”, i.e., death. It occurs only elsewhere in 1 Cor. 10:13, where it is rendered “escape.”