Proverbs 25:18 — Word Study
WLCמֵפִ֣יץ וְ֭חֶרֶב וְחֵ֣ץ שָׁנ֑וּן אִ֥ישׁ עֹנֶ֥ה בְ֝רֵעֵ֗הוּ עֵ֣ד שָֽׁקֶר׃
BSA[Like] a clubmêphîyts△ [war-club, maul] or swordchereb [cutting instrument, knife] or sharpshânan [pointed] arrowchêts [is] a manʼîysh [individual, person] who bearsʻânâh [gives, testifies] falsesheqer [deceptive, untrue] witnessʻêd [testimony, evidence] against his neighborrêaʻ [near, close, friend, companion]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| מֵפִ֣יץ | a war-club | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וְ֭חֶרֶב | and a sword | Conjunction, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| וְחֵ֣ץ | and an arrow | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| שָׁנ֑וּן | sharpened | Verb, Qal, participle (passive) masculine singular |
| אִ֥ישׁ | a person | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| עֹנֶ֥ה | [who] testifies | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular |
| בְ֝רֵעֵ֗הוּ | against neighbor his | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| עֵ֣ד | a witness of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| שָֽׁקֶר׃ | falsehood | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Like a club or sword or sharp arrow is a man who bears false witness against his neighbor. |
| KJV | A man that beareth false witness against his neighbour is a maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow. |
| ASV | A man that beareth false witness against his neighbor Is a maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow. |
| YLT | A maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow, [Is] the man testifying against his neighbour a false testimony. |
| WEB | A man who gives false testimony against his neighbor is like a club, a sword, or a sharp arrow. |
| BBE | One who gives false witness against his neighbour is a hammer and a sword and a sharp arrow. |
All translations agree on the imagery of weapons in this verse.
The sentence has a main clause with two subordinate phrases that describe the man and his actions.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbשָׁנַן
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 9 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Proverbs 25:18
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Consequences of Deceitgenerated
Proverbs 25:18 uses vivid imagery to describe the danger of false testimony. It compares a man who lies about his neighbor to a club, sword, or arrow, emphasizing the harm that deceit can inflict. This verse is part of a larger discourse on the importance of honesty and the consequences of untruthfulness, as seen in the surrounding verses.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Proverbs 12:18 | Speaking rashly is like a piercing sword, but the tongue of the wise brings healing. |
| 2 | Psalm 52:2 | Your tongue devises destruction like a sharpened razor, O worker of deceit. |
| 3 | Psalm 55:21 | His speech is smooth as butter, but war is in his heart. His words are softer than oil, yet they are swords unsheathed. |
| 4 | Psalm 57:4 | My soul is among the lions; I lie down with ravenous beasts— with men whose teeth are spears and arrows, whose tongues are sharp swords. |
| 5 | Psalm 120:3–4 | What will He do to you, and what will be added to you, O deceitful tongue? |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 8 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מֵפִיץ, me.Fitzgenerated
The word מֵפִיץ (*mephiyts*) refers to a 'war-club' or 'maul', a strong weapon used in combat. It conveys a sense of intense force and destruction, reflecting the violent nature of false testimony.
This noun is in the masculine singular form, indicating it refers to a specific type of weapon. The imagery suggests that just as a war-club can inflict physical harm, so too can a false witness cause significant emotional and social damage.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main clause is structured around the comparison: כְּמַֽשְׁבֵּ֥ר, like a club — with three noun phrases following it: וְחֶרֶב, and a sword, וְחֵץ, and an arrow, and a participial phrase describing the man: אִישׁ עֹנֶ֥ה, a man who testifies.
The structure emphasizes the comparison by placing the weapons at the forefront, illustrating the severity of the false witness's actions.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates מֵפִיץ as ῥόπαλον, a term for a club, maintaining the imagery of a dangerous weapon. This choice reinforces the idea of harm associated with false testimony.
The Greek word ῥόπαλον suggests a blunt instrument, emphasizing the violent impact of deceit in a similar way to the Hebrew.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Proverbs 25:18 compares a man who bears false witness against his neighbor to a club, sword, or sharp arrow. This highlights how damaging lies can be, similar to the harm caused by weapons. The verse warns against the destructive nature of deceit.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To bear false witness means to lie about someone or to provide misleading testimony, which can harm their reputation and relationships.
The comparison illustrates the potential for harm and destruction that a false witness can cause, similar to the physical damage inflicted by weapons.
This verse serves as a reminder to speak truthfully and avoid spreading falsehoods, as they can lead to significant harm to others.
Examples include spreading rumors, lying in legal situations, or misrepresenting someone's actions or character.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How can I ensure that I speak truthfully about others in my life?
- What steps can I take to avoid spreading false information?
- In what ways can I support those who have been harmed by false testimony?
- How does this verse challenge me to reflect on my own words and actions?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Athanasius of Alexandria references this verse to illustrate the harm caused by false testimony, likening it to physical blows.
He that has been struck by a stone goes to a physician, but sharper than a stone are the strokes of calumny. For, as Solomon has said, “A false witness is a war club, and a sword,Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 25 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Proverbs 25:18 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleA man that beareth false witness against his neighbour,.... In whose house he has often been, and whom he has frequently visited; and, observing what was done there, not only discovers and tells
Read John Gill on Proverbs 25 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryA man that beareth false witness against his neighbour is a maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow. A maul - a heavy hammer or mace used in war (Jeremiah 50:23, note; 51:20; 2:1); literally, that which scatters in pieces (cf.
Read Robert Jamieson on Proverbs 25 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleIs as cruel and pernicious to him as any instrument of death. The design of the proverb is to show the wickedness of slander, and that a false witness is in some respect as bad as a murderer.
Read Matthew Poole on Proverbs 25 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsProverbs 25:18 A man that beareth false witness against his neighbour [is] a maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow.Ver. 18. Is a maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow] A "maul," hammer, or club, to knock out his brains, and make them fly about the room, as the Hebrew word imports. A "sword," or murdering weapon, to run him through and let out his bowels. And a "sharp arrow," to pierce his flesh, and strike through his very heart. Lo, here the mischief of an evil tongue, thin, broad, and long, like a sword to let out the life blood of the poor innocent - nay, to destroy his soul too, as seducers do that bear false witness against the truth of God, and by their cunning lies "deceive the hearts…
Read John Trapp on Proverbs 25 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(18) A maul—i.e., hammer, connected with “malleus” and “mallet.” A false witness is as mischievous as the most deadly weapons.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Proverbs 25 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges18. a maul] “i.e. a hammer, a variation of mall, from malleus … The Hebrew and English alike occur in Proverbs 25:18 only. But a derivative from the same root, and differing only slightly in form, is found in Jeremiah 51:20, and is there translated by ‘battle-axe’ (or maul, R.V. marg.)—how incorrectly is shown by the constant repetition of the verb derived from the same root in the next three verses, and there uniformly rendered ‘break in pieces’ … There is no doubt that some heavy warlike instrument, a mace or club, is alluded to; probably such as that which is said to have suggested the name of Charles Martel.… A similar word is found once again in the original of Eze 9:2=‘weapon of…
Read Cambridge on Proverbs 25 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleMaul - A heavy sledge hammer. The word is connected with “malleus:” its diminutive “mallet” is still in use.
Read Albert Barnes on Proverbs 25 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible18. A maul — Or a war club. As these were offensive and injurious weapons, so a false witness is among the most pernicious of men.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Proverbs 25 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Like a club or sword or sharp arrow is a man who bears false witness against his neighbor.
A man who gives false testimony against his neighbor is like a club, a sword, or a sharp arrow.
Like a club or sword or sharp arrow is a man who bears false witness against his neighbor.
Like a club or a sword or a sharp arrow, so is the one who testifies against his neighbor as a false witness.
Tyndale line
A man that beareth false witness against his neighbour is a maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow.
A man that beareth false witness against his neighbor Is a maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow.
A man that beareth false witness against his neighbour is a maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow.
A man that beareth false witness against his neighbor is a maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow.
A man that beareth false witnes against his neighbour, is like an hammer and a sword, and a sharpe arrowe.
Strictly literal
A maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow, is a man that beareth false witness against his neighbour.
A maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow, [Is] the man testifying against his neighbour a false testimony.
A maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow, || [Is] the man testifying a false testimony against his neighbor.
A battle-axe, and a sword, and a sharpened arrow is a man that testifieth as a false witness against his neighbor.
A man who bears false witness against his neighbor is like a club used in war, or a sword, or a sharp arrow.
From the Latin
A man that beareth false witness against his neighbour, is like a dart and a sword and a sharp arrow.
Simplified
Telling lies in court against a friend is like attacking them with a mace, or a sword, or an arrow.
One who gives false witness against his neighbour is a hammer and a sword and a sharp arrow.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text of Proverbs 25:18 reads, 'Like a club or sword or sharp arrow is a man who bears false witness against his neighbor.' The Septuagint closely matches this verse, with eight out of nine words corresponding to the Hebrew text, though the word order and articles differ due to the nature of Greek syntax. The Samaritan Pentateuch and Dead Sea Scrolls do not provide additional variations for this specific verse, indicating that the primary witnesses largely agree with the Masoretic Text in this instance.
מֵפִ֣יץ וְ֭חֶרֶב וְחֵ֣ץ שָׁנ֑וּן אִ֥ישׁ עֹנֶ֥ה בְ֝רֵעֵ֗הוּ עֵ֣ד שָֽׁקֶר׃
8 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Proverbs 25:18
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
מֵפִיץ (*mephiyts*) refers to a 'scatterer' or 'disperser,' and is described as a type of mallet or war club. It is derived from the root word for 'to break' and is associated with the act of scattering.
מֵפִיץ n.m. scatterer, disperser
base
H4650 מֵפִיץ, פּוּץ
4650 mephiyts may-feets'
from 6327; a breaker, i.e. mallet:--maul.
see HEBREW for 06327
מֵפִיץ (me.phits) — war-club.
scattering war club
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
klub.
See ARMOR, III, 1; SHEPHERD; STAFF.
חֶ֫רֶב (chereb) means 'sword' and can also refer to other cutting instruments like knives and tools. It is derived from a root meaning 'drought,' highlighting its destructive nature. The term is used in various contexts in the Old Testament, primarily to denote weapons.
חֶ֫רֶב 411 n.f. sword (as weapon)
base
H2719 חֶ֫רֶב sword (as weapon)
2719 chereb kheh'-reb
from 2717; drought; also a cutting instrument (from its
destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp
implement:--axe, dagger, knife, mattock, sword, tool.
see HEBREW for 02717
חֶ֫רֶב (che.rev) — sword.
1) sword, knife
1a) sword
1b) knife
1c) tools for cutting stone
Conj | N-fs — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular absoluteHC/Ncfsa
sord.
See ARMOR, III, 5.
Sword
Of the Hebrew was pointed, sometimes two-edged, was worn in a sheath, and suspended from the girdle (Ex. 32:27; 1 Sam. 31:4; 1 Chr. 21:27; Ps. 149:6: Prov. 5:4; Ezek. 16:40; 21:3-5).
It is a symbol of divine chastisement (Deut. 32:25; Ps. 7:12; 78:62), and of a slanderous tongue (Ps. 57:4; 64:3; Prov. 12:18). The word of God is likened also to a…
[ARMS, ARMOR]
חֵץ (chets) means 'arrow,' primarily found in poetic and prophetic contexts. It is derived from a root meaning 'to pierce' and can imply a wound or refer to a thunderbolt in a figurative sense. The word also encompasses related terms like 'dart' and 'shaft,' indicating its use in various forms of weaponry.
חֵץ n.m. arrow, mostly poet. and proph.
base
H2671 חֵץ arrow, mostly poet. and proph.
2671 chets khayts
from 2686; properly, a piercer, i.e. an arrow; by
implication, a wound; figuratively, (of God) thunder-bolt; (by
interchange for 6086) the shaft of a spear:--+ archer, arrow,
dart, shaft, staff, wound.
see HEBREW for 02686
see HEBREW for 06086
חֵץ (chets) — arrow.
arrow
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/Ncmsa
ar'-o. See ARCHERY; ARMOR.
Used by the Jews both in hunting and in war; sometimes merely a sharpened reed, sometimes feathered, barbed, and even poisoned, Job 6:4. The bow was of various forms and materials, and many could be used only by the strongest men, Ps 18:34. Arrows were used to convey fire to an enemy’s house, and for divination, Eze 21:21. The word is applied symbolically to children, Ps 127:4,5; to the lightning, Ps 18:14 Hab 3:11; to sudden calamities, Job 6:4 Ps 38:2 91:5
שָׁנַן (shanan) primarily means to sharpen or whet. It can also refer to teaching incisively or being pierced, particularly in a figurative sense. The word appears in various forms, including Qal for sharpening and Piel for teaching. Notably, it is associated with a piercing feeling in the kidneys.
[שָׁנַן] vb. whet, sharpen
Qal whet, sharpen
Pi. teach the words incisively
Hithpō‛. in my kidneys I was pierced
base
H8150 [שָׁנַן] whet, sharpen .whet, sharpen
. teach the words incisively
. in my kidneys I was pierced
8150 shanan shaw-nan'
a primitive root; to point (transitive or intransitive);
intensively, to pierce; figuratively, to inculcate:--prick,
sharp(-en), teach diligently, whet.
שָׁנַן (sha.nan) — to sharpen.
1) to sharpen, whet
1a) (Qal) to whet, sharpen
1b) (Piel) to sharpen, teach (incisively)
1c)(Hithpolel) to be pierced
V-Qal-Inf-c — Verb · Qal · participle (passive) masculine singularHVqsmsa
The Hebrew word אִישׁ (iysh) means 'man' and can refer to an individual male, a husband, or a human being in general. It encompasses various meanings, including champion and great man, and can also imply 'whosoever' or 'each.' The word is built from a root suggesting existence and is used throughout the Old Testament.
אִישׁ 2166 n.m. man (= vir)
base
H376 אִישׁ man (= vir)
376 'iysh eesh
contracted for 582 (or perhaps rather from an unused root
meaning to be extant); a man as an individual or a male
person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and
in such cases frequently not expressed in
translation):--also, another, any (man), a certain, +
champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-,
husband-)man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree),
him (that is), husband, man(-kind), + none, one, people,
person, + steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy.
Compare 802.
see HEBREW for 0582
see HEBREW for 0802
אִישׁ (ish) — man.
: man
1) man
1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
1b) husband
1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)
1d) servant
1e) mankind
1f) champion
1g) great man
2) whosoever
3) each (adjective)
אִישׁ (ish) — man: husband.
: husband
1) man
1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
1b) husband
1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)
1d) servant
1e) mankind
1f) champion
1g) great man
2) whosoever
3) each (adjective)
אִישׁ (ish) — man: anyone.
: anyone/someone
1) man
1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
1b) husband
1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)
1d) servant
1e) mankind
1f) champion
1g) great man
2) whosoever
3) each (adjective)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
The Hebrew word עָנָה (*anah*) is built from a primitive root meaning to heed or pay attention, covering a range of meanings including to answer, respond, testify, and sing. It appears in contexts where one responds to speech or circumstances, and can also refer to singing. The lexicons indicate that it can imply both verbal responses and musical expression.
[עוּן] vb. dwell
base
עָנָה 316 vb. answer, respond
Qal
answer, respond to sthg. said, actual or implied
respond to an occasion, speak in view of circumstances
money meets all demands
specif. respond as a witness, testify
less oft. make response as one accused (respondent)
Niph.
make answer
be answered
Hiph. wholly dub.; causes all things to respond in the joy of his heart
base
עָנָה vb. sing
Qal sing, utter tunefully
Pi. sing sweetly of it
base
H6030a עוּן dwell H6030b עָנָה answer, respond .. answer, respond to sthg. said, actual or implied
. . respond to an occasion, speak in view of circumstances
. money meets all demands
. . specif. respond as a witness, testify
. less oft. make response as one accused (respondent)
. . make answer
. be answered
. wholly dub.; causes all things to respond in the joy of his heart
H6030c עָנָה sing
6030 `anah aw-naw'
a primitive root; properly, to eye or (generally) to heed,
i.e. pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extens. to
begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout, testify,
announce:--give account, afflict (by mistake for 6031),
(cause to, give) answer, bring low (by mistake for 6031), cry,
hear, Leannoth, lift up, say, X scholar, (give a) shout, sing
(together by course), speak, testify, utter, (bear) witness.
See also 1042, 1043.
see HEBREW for 06031
see HEBREW for 06031
see HEBREW for 01042
see HEBREW for 01043
עוּן (un) — to dwell.
(Qal) to dwell
עָנָה (a.nah) — to answer.
1) to answer, respond, testify, speak, shout
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to answer, respond to
1a2) to testify, respond as a witness
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to make answer
1b2) to be answered, receive answer
Aramaic equivalent: a.nah (עֲנָה "to answer" H6032)
עָנָה (a.nah) — to sing.
(Qal) to sing, utter tunefully
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singularHVqrmsa
רֵעַ (rea`) refers to a friend, companion, or fellow, emphasizing close associations such as brotherhood or intimacy. It can also denote a neighbor or another person in a broader sense. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to associate.'
רֵעַ 187 n.m. friend, companion, fellow
base
H7453 רֵעַ friend, companion, fellow
7453 rea` ray'-ah
or reya2 {ray'-ah}; from 7462; an associate (more or less
close):--brother, companion, fellow, friend, husband, lover,
neighbour, X (an-)other.
see HEBREW for 0reya2
see HEBREW for 07462
רֵעַ (re.a) — neighbor.
1) friend, companion, fellow, another person
1a) friend, intimate
1b) fellow, fellow-citizen, another person (weaker sense)
1c) other, another (reciprocal phrase)
Prep | N-ms | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHR/Ncmsc/Sp3ms
עֵד (ed) means 'witness' and encompasses both the act of witnessing and the person who testifies. It is derived from a root suggesting emphatic affirmation. The term can refer to evidence of things or to individuals providing testimony.
עֵד 69 n.m. witness (prob. fr. reiterating, hence emphatically affirming)
witness, testimony, evidence, of things
witness, a person
base
H5707 עֵד witness (prob. fr. reiterating, hence emphatically affirming) . witness, testimony, evidence, of things
. witness, a person
5707 `ed ayd
contracted from 5749 ; concretely, a witness; abstractly,
testimony; specifically, a recorder, i.e. prince:--witness.
see HEBREW for 05749
עֵד (ed) — witness.
1) witness
1a) witness, testimony, evidence (of things)
1b) witness (of people)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
שֶׁ֫קֶר (sheqer) refers to deception, falsehood, and disappointment. It encompasses various forms of deceit, including fraud and wrongful testimony. The word is built from the root associated with untruths and can imply sham or lying. It is used in contexts involving false prophets and general dishonesty.
שֶׁ֫קֶר 113 n.m. deception, disappointment, falsehood
deception, what deceives, disappoints, and betrays one
deceit, fraud, wrong
injurious falsehood, in testimony
falsity, of false or self-deceived prophets
lie, falsehood, in gen.
base
H8267 שֶׁ֫קֶר deception, disappointment, falsehood . deception, what deceives, disappoints, and betrays one
. deceit, fraud, wrong
. injurious falsehood, in testimony
. falsity, of false or self-deceived prophets
. lie, falsehood, in gen.
8267 sheqer sheh'-ker
from 8266; an untruth; by implication, a sham (often
adverbial):--without a cause, deceit(-ful),
false(-hood, -ly), feignedly, liar, + lie, lying, vain
(thing), wrongfully.
see HEBREW for 08266
שֶׁ֫קֶר (she.qer) — deception.
1) lie, deception, disappointment, falsehood
1a) deception (what deceives or disappoints or betrays one)
1b) deceit, fraud, wrong
1b1) fraudulently, wrongfully (as adverb)
1c) falsehood (injurious in testimony)
1c1) testify falsehood, false oath, swear falsely
1d) falsity (of false or self-deceived prophets)
1e) lie, falsehood (in general)
1e1) false tongue
1f) in vain
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
fols'-hood.
See LYING.
→ General scriptures concerning Ex 20:16; 23:1; Le 6:2-7; 19:11,12,16; Job 13:4; 21:34; 27:4; 31:5,6,33; 36:4; Ps 5:6,9; 10:7; 12:2,3; 28:3; 31:18; 34:13; 36:3; 50:19,20; 52:2-5; 55:21,23; 58:3; 59:12; 62:4; 63:11; 101:5,7; 109:2; 116:11; 119:29,69,163; 120:2-4; 144:8,11; Pr 2:12-15; 3:3; 6:12,13,17-19; 10:9,10,18,31; 11:9; 12:17,19,20,22; 13:5; 14:5,8,25; 17:4,7; 19:5,9,22,28; 20:17; 21:6; 26:18,19,24-26,28; 27:14; Ec 5:6; Isa 28:15; 32:7; 57:11; 59:3,4,12,13; 63:8;