Psalms 107:26 — Word Study
WLCיַעֲל֣וּ שָׁ֭מַיִם יֵרְד֣וּ תְהוֹמ֑וֹת נַ֝פְשָׁ֗ם בְּרָעָ֥ה תִתְמוֹגָֽג׃
BSAThey mounted upʻâlâh▸ [to the sky, the visible universe] to the heavensshâmayim [the abode of God] [then] sunkyârad▸ [descended, went down] to the depthstᵉhôwm [the deep waters, the abyss] their couragenephesh [soul, inner being] meltedmûwg▸ [softened, dissolved] in their anguishraʻ [trouble, adversity, distress]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| יַעֲל֣וּ | they went up | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| שָׁ֭מַיִם | [the] heavens | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| יֵרְד֣וּ | they went down | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| תְהוֹמ֑וֹת | [the] deeps | Noun common, feminine plural absolute |
| נַ֝פְשָׁ֗ם | soul their | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| בְּרָעָ֥ה | in distress | Preposition, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| תִתְמוֹגָֽג׃ | it melted | Verb, Hithpael, imperfect third person feminine singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | They mounted up to the heavens, then sunk to the depths; their courage melted in their anguish. |
| KJV | They mount up to the heaven, they go down again to the depths: their soul is melted because of trouble. |
| ASV | They mount up to the heavens, they go down again to the depths: Their soul melteth away because of trouble. |
| YLT | They go up [to] the heavens, they go down [to] the depths, Their soul in evil is melted. |
| WEB | They mount up to the sky; they go down again to the depths. Their soul melts away because of trouble. |
| BBE | The sailors go up to heaven, and down into the deep; their souls are wasted because of their trouble. |
Where they part company is תִתְמוֹגָֽג — see How Translations Differ.
The structure features two main clauses connected by a temporal adverb, emphasizing the contrast between rising and sinking.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbעָלָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 107:26
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Dangers of the Seagenerated
Psalm 107:26 describes the perilous journey of sailors who experience both the heights of the heavens and the depths of the sea. This verse is part of a larger reflection on God's deliverance in times of trouble, emphasizing the emotional turmoil faced during such experiences. The psalmist uses vivid imagery to convey the dramatic swings between hope and despair, echoing the human experience of vulnerability and reliance on divine intervention.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 22:14 | I am poured out like water, and all my bones are disjointed. My heart is like wax; it melts away within me. |
| 2 | Psalm 119:28 | My soul melts with sorrow; strengthen me according to Your word. |
| 3 | 2 Samuel 17:10 | Then even the most valiant soldier with the heart of a lion will melt with fear, because all Israel knows that your father is a mighty man who has valiant men with him. |
| 4 | Isaiah 13:7 | Therefore all hands will fall limp, and every man’s heart will melt. |
| 5 | Nahum 2:10 |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — תִתְמוֹגָֽג, tit.mo.Gaggenerated
The Hebrew verb מוּג (muwg) means 'to melt,' indicating a state of softening or dissolution. It can describe both a literal melting and a figurative sense of being overwhelmed by emotions such as fear or helplessness.
In this verse, תִתְמוֹגָֽג reflects the sailors' loss of courage in their anguish, illustrating how intense distress can lead to a sense of being paralyzed or diminished. The verb is in the Hithpael form, suggesting a reflexive or reciprocal action, emphasizing the internal struggle faced by the sailors.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse consists of multiple clauses, with the finite verbs יַעֲל֣וּ and יֵרְד֣וּ serving as the main actions. The structure presents a contrast between ascending and descending, emphasizing the dramatic shift in the sailors' experience.
The syntax indicates that the actions are closely linked: they rise to the heavens and then descend to the depths, with the emotional response of melting courage following these physical movements.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יַעֲל֣וּ as ἀναβαίνουσιν and יֵרְד֣וּ as καταβαίνουσιν, both of which convey the same upward and downward movements. This choice reflects a direct correspondence to the Hebrew, maintaining the imagery of ascent and descent.
The Greek word for 'melted' is rendered as ἐτήκετο, which captures the essence of emotional dissolution, similar to the Hebrew original.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 107:26 describes sailors who rise to the heavens and then sink to the depths, losing their courage in their distress. This verse illustrates the emotional turmoil faced during dangerous sea voyages, emphasizing the fragility of human strength in the face of adversity.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It means that the sailors lost their strength and resolve due to the overwhelming distress they faced.
This verse highlights the human experience of fear and helplessness, setting the stage for the subsequent verses that speak of calling out to God for help.
The imagery contrasts rising to the heavens with sinking to the depths, illustrating the dramatic shifts in the sailors' experience.
The word for 'soul' emphasizes the emotional and inner turmoil of the sailors, indicating that their distress affected their very being.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what situations have I felt my courage melt away like the sailors in this verse?
- How can I remind myself of God's presence during times of distress?
- What are some ways I can support others who are experiencing overwhelming challenges?
- How does this verse encourage me to seek help in times of trouble?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 107:26 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThey mount up to the heaven,.... The waves which are lifted up by the stormy wind, and the ships which are upon them, and the men in them.
Read John Gill on Psalms 107 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThey mount up to the heaven, they go down again to the depths: their soul is melted because of trouble.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 107 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleTo the depths; towards the bottom of the sea. Because of trouble; through the perplexity of their minds, and fear of sudden and violent death.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 107 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 107:26 They mount up to the heaven, they go down again to the depths: their soul is melted because of trouble.Ver. 26. They mount up to the heaven, they go down, &c.] An elegant hypotyposis or description of a storm at sea; like whereunto is that in Virgil, Tollimur in coelum curvato gurgite, et iidem Subducta ad manes imos descendimus unda. Their soul is melted because of trouble] They are ready to die through fear of death. Juntas understandeth it of extreme vomiting, as if they were casting up their very hearts. Anacharsis for this cause doubted whether he should reckon mariners among the living or the dead. And another said, that any man will go to sea at first I wonder not; but…
Read John Trapp on Psalms 107 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(26) They mount up.— “Tollimur in cœlum curvato gurgite, et idem Subducta ad Manes imos desedimus unda.” VIRGIL: Æn. iii. 564. Their soul is melted.—The recollection of seasickness is the best comment on this and the next verse.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 107 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 26. They mount up to the heaven] This is a most natural and striking description of the state of a ship at sea in a storm: when the sea appears to run mountains high, and the vessel seems for a moment to stand on the sharp ridge of one most stupendous, with a valley of a frightful depth between it and a similar mountain, which appears to be flying in the midst of heaven, that it may submerge the hapless bark, when she descends into the valley of death below. This is a sight the most terrific that can be imagined: nor can any man conceive or form an adequate idea of it, who has not himself been at sea in such a storm. Their soul is melted because of trouble.] This is not less…
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 107 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges26. They mount up] The sailors, not the waves, as is clear from the next line. Cp. Verg. Aen. III. 564, Tollimur in caelum curvato gurgite, et idem Subducta ad Manis imos desedimus unda. their soul &c.] Their soul melteth in evil plight.
Read Cambridge on Psalms 107 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThey mount up to the heaven - The mariners. That it refers to the seamen, and not to the waves, is apparent from the close of the verse: “their soul is melted.” They go down again to the depths - The
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 107 →The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
They mounted up to the heavens, then sunk to the depths; their courage melted in their anguish.
They mount up to the sky; they go down again to the depths. Their soul melts away because of trouble.
They mounted up to the heavens, then sunk to the depths; their courage melted in their anguish.
They reached up to the sky, then dropped into the depths. The sailors’ strength left them because the danger was so great.
Tyndale line
They mount up to the heaven, they go down again to the depths: their soul is melted because of trouble.
They mount up to the heavens, they go down again to the depths: Their soul melteth away because of trouble.
They mount up to the heaven, they go down again to the depths: their soul melteth away because of trouble.
They mount up to the heaven, they go down again to the depths: their soul is melted because of trouble.
They mount vp to the heauen, and descend to ye deepe, so that their soule melteth for trouble.
Strictly literal
They mount up to the heavens, they go down to the depths; their soul is melted because of trouble;
They go up [to] the heavens, they go down [to] the depths, Their soul in evil is melted.
They go up [to] the heavens, they go down [to] the depths, || Their soul is melted in evil.
They would mount up to heaven, they would go down to the depths: their soul was melted because of their danger.
They reached up to the sky; they went down to the depths. Their lives melted away in distress.
Simplified
lifting the ships high in the air and then plunging them down. The sailors were so terrified that their courage melted away.
The sailors go up to heaven, and down into the deep; their souls are wasted because of their trouble.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint align closely, with six of the seven words matched. The Dead Sea Scrolls provide a partial restoration, confirming the core message of the verse while showing some textual variation.
יַעֲל֣וּ שָׁ֭מַיִם יֵרְד֣וּ תְהוֹמ֑וֹת נַ֝פְשָׁ֗ם בְּרָעָ֥ה תִתְמוֹגָֽג׃
6 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
יעלו שמים ירדו תהומות ונפש׳ם ב׳הם תתמוגג
5 words on the leather — 2 partly restored.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 107:26
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word עָלָה (alah) means 'to ascend' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including going up, climbing, and rising in various contexts such as personal, natural, and spiritual. It can refer to actions involving people, animals, vegetation, and even thoughts, and includes nuances of being exalted or offering sacrifices. The word is built from a primitive root and appears in various grammatical forms, indicating different aspects of ascent or elevation.
עָלָה 890 vb. go up, ascend, climb
Qal
of persons, go up, ascend, in local relations
go up, in personal relations
of animals, go or come up
of vegetation, spring up, grow, shoot forth
of natural phenom., go up, rise
of inanimate things, instead of passive construction
of thoughts
come up before God, arrogance
go up, extend, of boundary
excel
Niph.
be brought up
be taken up
pass., be taken up, away
reflex., take oneself away from, get up from
reflex.: take oneself away
be exalted, of God
Hiph.
bring up persons
in personal relations
bring up animals
cause to ascend
mentally
offer a present; bring up tithe to
exalt
cause to ascend (in flame), offer sacrifice
Hoph.
be carried away
be taken up into, inserted in
be offered
Hithp. lift oneself
base
H5927 עָלָה go up, ascend, climb .. of persons, go up, ascend, in local relations
. go up, in personal relations
. of animals, go or come up
. of vegetation, spring up, grow, shoot forth
. of natural phenom., go up, rise
. of inanimate things, instead of passive construction
. of thoughts
. come up before God, arrogance
. go up, extend, of boundary
. excel
. . . be brought up
. be taken up
. . pass., be taken up, away
. reflex., take oneself away from, get up from
. reflex.: take oneself away
. be exalted, of God
. . bring up persons
. in personal relations
. bring up animals
. cause to ascend
. mentally
. offer a present; bring up tithe to
. exalt
. cause to ascend (in flame), offer sacrifice
. . be carried away
. be taken up into, inserted in
. be offered
. lift oneself
5927 `alah aw-law'
a primitive root; to ascend, intransitively (be high) or
actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary
and secondary, literal and figurative (as follow):--arise
(up), (cause to) ascend up, at once, break (the day) (up),
bring (up), (cause to) burn, carry up, cast up, + shew, climb
(up), (cause to, make to) come (up), cut off, dawn, depart,
exalt, excel, fall, fetch up, get up, (make to) go (away, up);
grow (over) increase, lay, leap, levy, lift (self) up, light,
(make) up, X mention, mount up, offer, make to pay, + perfect,
prefer, put (on), raise, recover, restore, (make to) rise
(up), scale, set (up), shoot forth (up), (begin to) spring
(up), stir up, take away (up), work.
עָלָה (a.lah) — to ascend: rise.
: rise/go
1) to go up, ascend, climb
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go up, ascend
1a2) to meet, visit, follow, depart, withdraw, retreat
1a3) to go up, come up (of animals)
1a4) to spring up, grow, shoot forth (of vegetation)
1a5) to go up, go up over, rise (of natural phenomenon)
1a6) to come up (before God)
1a7) to go up, go up over, extend (of boundary)
1a8) to excel, be superior to
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be taken up, be brought up, be taken away
1b2) to take oneself away
1b3) to be exalted
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to bring up, cause to ascend or climb, cause to go up
1c2) to bring up, bring against, take away
1c3) to bring up, draw up, train
1c4) to cause to ascend
1c5) to rouse, stir up (mentally)
1c6) to offer, bring up (of gifts)
1c7) to exalt
1c8) to cause to ascend, offer
1d) (Hophal)
1d1) to be carried away, be led up
1d2) to be taken up into, be inserted in
1d3) to be offered
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
The Hebrew word שָׁמַיִם (*shamayim*) is a dual noun meaning 'heavens' or 'sky.' It refers to the visible heavens where celestial bodies are found, as well as the abode of God. The dual form may suggest both the arch of the sky and the higher ether. It is noted in contexts such as Elijah's ascent in a whirlwind.
[שָׁמַי] n.m. only pl. שָׁמַיִם 421 heavens, sky
visible heavens, sky, where stars, etc., are
phrases
as abode of God
Elijah taken up הַשּׁ׳ in whirlwind
הַשּׁ׳ personified in various relations
base
H8064 שָׁמַי only pl. שָׁמַיִם heavens, sky . . visible heavens, sky, where stars, etc., are
. phrases
. . as abode of God
. Elijah taken up הַשּׁ׳ in whirlwind
. הַשּׁ׳ personified in various relations
8064 shamayim shaw-mah'-yim
dual of an unused singular shameh {shaw-meh'}; from an unused
root meaning to be lofty; the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps
alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well
as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies
revolve):--air, X astrologer, heaven(-s).
שָׁמַיִם (sha.ma.yim) — heaven.
1) heaven, heavens, sky
1a) visible heavens, sky
1a1) as abode of the stars
1a2) as the visible universe, the sky, atmosphere, etc
1b) Heaven (as the abode of God)
Aramaic equivalent: sha.ma.yin (שָׁמַ֫יִן "heaven" H8065)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
hev'-'nz (shamayim; ouranoi): On the physical heavens see ASTRONOMY; WORLD. Above these, in popular conception, were the celestial heavens, the abode of God and of the hosts of angels (Ps 11:4; 103:19-21; Isa 66:1; Re 4:2; 5:11; compare Da 7:10), though it was recognized that Yahweh's presence was not confined to any region (1Ki 8:27). Later Judaism reckoned seven heavens. The apostle Paul speaks of himself as caught up into "the third heaven," which he evidently identifies with Paradise (2Co 12:2).
See HEAVENLY.
The Hebrew word יָרַד (yarad) means to come or go down, covering various contexts such as descending from mountains, going to battle, or sinking in water. It can also refer to divine manifestations descending or being prostrated. The word has different forms including Qal, Hiphil, and Hophal, which indicate various nuances of bringing down or being brought down.
יָרַד 380 vb. come or go down, descend
Qal 306
come or go down
go down (usu. from mountain or hill-country into plain), to battle
go down to (acc.) threshing-floor
go down (abs.) from Palestine to Egypt
from Jerusalem
from altar
go down
= sink, in water
go down to She’ôl
fig. going down (dissolving) in tears
= be prostrated
of divine manifestations: descend
of inanimate things
Hiph.
cause to come or go down
bring down
send down rain = cause to flow down
= lay prostrate to (acc.) threshing-floor
bring down to She’ôl
take down (from cart)
let down
Hoph.
be brought down
be taken down
base
H3381 יָרַד come or go down, descend .. . come or go down
. go down (usu. from mountain or hill-country into plain), to battle
. go down to (acc.) threshing-floor
. go down (abs.) from Palestine to Egypt
. from Jerusalem
. from altar
. go down
. = sink, in water
. go down to She’ôl
. fig. going down (dissolving) in tears
. = be prostrated
. of divine manifestations: descend
. of inanimate things
. . cause to come or go down . bring down
. send down rain = cause to flow down
. = lay prostrate to (acc.) threshing-floor
. bring down to She’ôl
. take down (from cart)
. let down
. . be brought down
. be taken down
3381 yarad yaw-rad'
a primitive root; to descend (literally, to go downwards; or
conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary,
the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to
bring down (in all the above applications); -X abundantly,
bring down, carry down, cast down, (cause to) come(-ing) down,
fall (down), get down, go(-ing) down(-ward), hang down, X
indeed, let down, light (down), put down (off), (cause to,
let) run down, sink, subdue, take down.
יָרַד (ya.rad) — to go down.
1) to go down, descend, decline, march down, sink down
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go or come down
1a2) to sink
1a3) to be prostrated
1a4) to come down (of revelation)
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to bring down
1b2) to send down
1b3) to take down
1b4) to lay prostrate
1b5) to let down
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be brought down
1c2) to be taken down
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
תְּהוֹם (tehom) refers to a deep or abyss, often associated with the sea or subterranean waters. It encompasses meanings such as depths, the primeval ocean in Hebrew cosmology, and can also denote the grave. The word is typically feminine and is derived from a root meaning 'to surge.'
תְּהוֹם n.f. et m. deep, sea, abyss
deep, of subterranean waters
(deep) sea
primaeval ocean, deep, in Heb. cosmogony
deep, depth
abyss
base
H8415 תְּהוֹם deep, sea, abyss . deep, of subterranean waters
. (deep) sea
. primaeval ocean, deep, in Heb. cosmogony
. deep, depth
. abyss
8415 thowm teh-home'
or thom {teh-home'}; (usually feminine) from 1949; an abyss
(as a surging mass of water), especially the deep (the main
sea or the subterranean water-supply):--deep (place), depth.
see HEBREW for 01949
תְּהוֹם (te.hom) — abyss.
1) deep, depths, deep places, abyss, the deep, sea
1a) deep (of subterranean waters)
1b) deep, sea, abysses (of sea)
1c) primeval ocean, deep
1d) deep, depth (of river)
1e) abyss, the grave
N-cp — Noun common · feminine plural absoluteHNcfpa
The Hebrew word נֶ֫פֶשׁ (*nephesh*) broadly means 'soul' or 'living being,' encompassing concepts like life, self, person, desire, and emotion. It is derived from the root meaning 'to breathe' and signifies both physical and mental aspects of existence. The lexicons note its use in various contexts, including as the seat of appetites and emotions, though its application to will and character is uncertain.
נֶ֫פֶשׁ 756 n.f. soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion, and passion
= that which breathes, the breathing substance or being
The נפשׁ becomes a living being
The נפשׁ is specif.
The נפשׁ as the essential of man stands for the man himself
נפשׁ = seat of the appetites, in all periods (46 t.)
נ׳ = seat of emotions and passions
נפשׁ is used occasionally for mental acts
נפשׁ for acts of the will is dub.
נפשׁ = character is still more dub.
נ׳ in D
base
H5315 נֶ֫פֶשׁ soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion, and passion . = that which breathes, the breathing substance or being
. The נפשׁ becomes a living being
. The נפשׁ is specif.
. The נפשׁ as the essential of man stands for the man himself
. נפשׁ = seat of the appetites, in all periods (46 t.)
. נ׳ = seat of emotions and passions
. נפשׁ is used occasionally for mental acts
. נפשׁ for acts of the will is dub.
. נפשׁ = character is still more dub.
. נ׳ in D
5315 nephesh neh'-fesh
from 5314; properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of
(abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal,
accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental):--any,
appetite, beast, body, breath, creature, X dead(-ly), desire,
X (dis-)contented, X fish, ghost, + greedy, he, heart(-y),
(hath, X jeopardy of) life (X in jeopardy), lust, man, me,
mind, mortally, one, own, person, pleasure, (her-, him-, my-,
thy-)self, them (your)-selves, + slay, soul, + tablet, they,
thing, (X she) will, X would have it.
see HEBREW for 05314
נֶ֫פֶשׁ (ne.phesh) — soul.
1) soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion
1a) that which breathes, the breathing substance or being, soul, the inner being of man
1b) living being
1c) living being (with life in the blood)
1d) the man himself, self, person or individual
1e) seat of the appetites
1f) seat of emotions and passions
1g) activity of mind
1g1) uncertain
1h) activity of the will
1h1) uncertain
1i) activity of the character
1i1) uncertain
נֶ֫פֶשׁ (ne.phesh) — soul: life.
1) soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion
1a) that which breathes, the breathing substance or being, soul, the inner being of man
1b) living being
1c) living being (with life in the blood)
1d) the man himself, self, person or individual
1e) seat of the appetites
1f) seat of emotions and passions
1g) activity of mind
N-cs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp3mp
רַע (ra) is a Hebrew word meaning bad or evil, encompassing a range of negative qualities such as distress, misery, and ethical wrongdoing. It can describe unpleasantness, harm, or low value, and is used in various contexts, including emotional states and moral judgments. The entries also note its comparative form, indicating worse than or worst. The word has feminine forms, such as רָעָה (ra.ah), which similarly convey concepts of evil and distress.
רַע 228 adj. bad, evil
bad, disagreeable, malignant
bad, unpleasant, giving pain, unhappiness, misery
evil, displeasing
bad of its kind
bad, , i.e. of low value
מִן comp., worse than
sad, unhappy
devise evil (hurtful) device
bad, unkind, vicious in disposition or temper
ethically bad, evil, wicked
base
רַע 126 n.m. evil, distress, misery, injury, calamity
evil, distress, adversity
evil, injury, wrong
ethical evil
base
רָעָה 310 n.f. evil, misery, distress, injury
evil, misery, distress
evil, injury, wrong
ethical evil
base
H7451a רַע bad, evil . bad, disagreeable, malignant
. bad, unpleasant, giving pain, unhappiness, misery
. evil, displeasing
. bad of its kind
. bad, , i.e. of low value
. + מִן comp., worse than
. sad, unhappy
. devise evil (hurtful) device
. bad, unkind, vicious in disposition or temper
. ethically bad, evil, wicked
H7451b רַע evil, distress, misery, injury, calamity . evil, distress, adversity
. evil, injury, wrong
. ethical evil
H7451c רָעָה evil, misery, distress, injury . evil, misery, distress
. evil, injury, wrong
. ethical evil
7451 ra` rah
from 7489; bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral):--
adversity, affliction, bad, calamity, + displease(-ure),
distress, evil((- favouredness), man, thing), + exceedingly, X
great, grief(-vous), harm, heavy, hurt(-ful), ill (favoured),
+ mark, mischief(-vous), misery, naught(-ty), noisome, + not
please, sad(-ly), sore, sorrow, trouble, vex,
wicked(-ly, -ness, one), worse(-st), wretchedness, wrong.
(Incl. feminine raaah; as adjective or noun.).
see HEBREW for 07489
רַע (ra) — bad: harmful.
: harmful
adj
1) bad, evil
1a) bad, disagreeable, malignant
1b) bad, unpleasant, evil (giving pain, unhappiness, misery)
1c) evil, displeasing
1d) bad (of its kind-land, water, etc)
1e) bad (of value)
1f) worse than, worst (comparison)
1g) sad, unhappy
1h) evil (hurtful)
1i) bad, unkind (vicious in disposition)
1j) bad, evil, wicked (ethically)
1j1) in general, of persons, of thoughts
1j2) deeds, actions
רַע (ra) — bad: evil.
1) evil, distress, misery, injury, calamity
1a) evil, distress, adversity
1b) evil, injury, wrong
1c) evil (ethical)
רָעָה (ra.ah) — distress: harm.
: harm
1) evil, misery, distress, injury
1a) evil, misery, distress
1b) evil, injury, wrong
1c) evil (ethical)
רַע (ra) — bad: evil.
: evil
adj
1) bad, evil
1a) bad, disagreeable, malignant
1b) bad, unpleasant, evil (giving pain, unhappiness, misery)
1c) evil, displeasing
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular absoluteHR/Ncfsa
מוּג (muwg) is a Hebrew verb meaning to melt. It can refer to the literal act of melting or softening, as well as figuratively to describe feelings of fear or helplessness. The entries indicate various forms, including causing something to melt and melting away. There is a slight variation in the nuances of its figurative meanings across the lexicons.
מוּג vb. melt
Qal
melt
trans. cause to melt
Niph. melt away, fig. for be helpless, disorganized
Po‛l. soften, dissolve
Po‛. Hithpo‛l. mely; hyperb. for flow
base
H4127 מוּג melt .. melt
. trans. cause to melt
. melt away, fig. for be helpless, disorganized
. soften, dissolve
. mely; hyperb. for flow
4127 muwg moog
a primitive root; to melt, i.e. literally (to soften, flow
down, disappear), or figuratively (to fear, faint):--consume,
dissolve, (be) faint(-hearted), melt (away), make soft.
מוּג (mug) — to melt.
1) to melt, cause to melt
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to melt, faint
1a2) to cause to melt
1b) (Niphal) to melt away
1c) (Polel) to soften, dissolve, dissipate
1d) (Hithpolel) to melt, flow
V-r-Imperf-3fs — Verb · Hithpael · imperfect third person feminine singularHVti3fs