Psalms 69:25 — Word Study
WLCתְּהִי־ טִֽירָתָ֥ם נְשַׁמָּ֑ה בְּ֝אָהֳלֵיהֶ֗ם אַל־ יְהִ֥י יֹשֵֽׁב׃
BSAto pourshâphak uponʻal indignationzaʻam burning angerchârôwn faceʼaph to overtakenâsag
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| תְּהִי־ | may it be | Verb, Qal, jussive third person feminine singular |
| טִֽירָתָ֥ם | encampment their | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| נְשַׁמָּ֑ה | made desolate | Verb, Niphal, participle (active) feminine singular |
| בְּ֝אָהֳלֵיהֶ֗ם | in tents their | Preposition, noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| אַל־ | may not | Particle |
| יְהִ֥י | anyone be | Verb, Qal, jussive third person masculine singular |
| יֹשֵֽׁב׃ | dwelling | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | May their place be deserted; let there be no one to dwell in their tents. |
| KJV | Let their habitation be desolate; and let none dwell in their tents. |
| ASV | Let their habitation be desolate; Let none dwell in their tents. |
| YLT | Their tower is desolated, In their tents there is no dweller. |
| WEB | Let their habitation be desolate. Let no one dwell in their tents. |
| BBE | Give their houses to destruction, and let there be no one in their tents. |
All translations agree on the core message of desolation in this verse.
The sentence is structured around a main wish, with additional phrases specifying location and the desired outcome.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectנָשַׂג
verbשָׁפַךְ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 69:25
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Plea for Divine Justicegenerated
Psalms 69:25 expresses a deep yearning for retribution against the enemies of God. The psalmist implores that their dwelling places be left desolate, reflecting the severity of their actions against the faithful. This verse is part of a larger context where the psalmist laments persecution and seeks divine intervention, similar to themes found in Psalm 69:24 and Psalm 69:26.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Kings 9:8 | And when this temple has become a heap of rubble, all who pass by it will be appalled and will hiss and say, ‘Why has the LORD done such a thing to this land and to this temple?’ |
| 2 | Jeremiah 7:12–14 | But go now to the place in Shiloh where I first made a dwelling for My Name, and see what I did to it because of the wickedness of My people Israel. |
| 3 | Matthew 23:38 | Look, your house is left to you desolate. |
| 4 | Matthew 24:1–2 | As Jesus left the temple and was walking away, His disciples came up to Him to point out its buildings. |
| 5 | Acts 1:20 | “For it is written in the book of Psalms: ‘May his place be deserted; let there be no one to dwell in it,’ and, ‘May another take his position.’ |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — נְשַׁמָּ֑ה, ne.sha.Mahgenerated
The Hebrew word שָׁמֵם (shamem) is a verb meaning to be desolate or devastated. It conveys a sense of emptiness and destruction, often used in contexts of severe loss or judgment.
In this verse, it is presented in the Niphal participle form, indicating that the encampments of the enemies are to be made desolate. This reflects the psalmist's desire for their complete removal and abandonment.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses deserted and no one to convey the desolation and absence of inhabitants in their tents.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb תְּהִי־ (tehi), meaning 'may it be,' governs the entire verse, establishing a wish or desire for the state of the enemies' dwelling.
The structure includes a noun phrase indicating the subject of desolation, followed by a prepositional phrase that specifies the location of this desolation, which is their tents.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates the Hebrew נְשַׁמָּ֑ה as ὀργήν, indicating a focus on the anger or wrath directed at the enemies. This choice emphasizes the emotional aspect of the psalmist's plea.
This translation reflects a slight shift in focus from physical desolation to the emotional response of divine anger, highlighting the severity of the situation.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalms 69:25 expresses a wish for the enemies' homes to be empty and uninhabited. The psalmist is asking for divine judgment, reflecting a strong desire for justice against those who persecute.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The psalmist is expressing a desire for the enemies' homes to be left empty, indicating a wish for their downfall and removal from the land.
Desolation signifies the complete removal of the enemies' presence, emphasizing the severity of their actions and the psalmist's plea for divine justice.
This verse connects with the surrounding verses by expressing the psalmist's lament over persecution and a call for God's intervention against those who oppress.
The psalmist's plea highlights the importance of seeking justice and divine intervention in the face of oppression, reminding us to turn to God in times of distress.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what areas of my life do I seek God's justice against wrongdoing?
- How can I better understand the feelings of desolation in my own experiences?
- What does it mean to me that the psalmist calls for God's intervention in times of trouble?
- How can I apply the themes of justice and desolation in my prayers?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentary on this verse highlights the call for divine anger against the enemies, as seen in Augustine's reflections.
"Pour forth upon them Your anger, and let the indignation of Your anger overtake them" [Psalms 69:25], are plain words: but nevertheless,Early Church Fathers on Psalms 69 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 69:25 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleLet their habitation be desolate,.... Which is applied to Judas, Acts 1:20; but not to the exclusion of others; for it must be understood of the habitations of others; even of their princes and
Read John Gill on Psalms 69 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryLet their habitation be desolate; and let none dwell in their tents. Let their habitation be desolate. Their temple was no longer to be the temple of the Lord, but their own habitation.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 69 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleTheir habitation, Heb. their palace, as this word signifies, . Either, 1. Their temple, in which they place their glory and safety. Or rather, 2. and more generally, Their strongest and most magnificent buildings and houses, in which they dwelt, as it follows in the next clause, which explains this. None; either, 1. None of their posterity. Destroy them both root and branch. Or, 2. None at all. Let the places be accounted execrable and dreadful.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 69 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 69:25 Let their habitation be desolate; [and] let none dwell in their tents.Ver. 25. Let their habitation be desolate] Heb. their palaces, or castles, so named of being fair and high built, in row and order. It is here put not only for their habitation, but for their function. See Acts 1:20. And let none dwell in their tents] Lege et luge, Read and lament, saith one, speaking of the ruin of Jerusalem by the Romans, under Vespasian, and again under Hadrian, by whom all Judaea was left almost uninhabited, the Jews utterly banished, and forbidden upon pain of death to look toward their own country (Dio in Hadrian). At this day there be not to be found in Jerusalem itself a hundred…
Read John Trapp on Psalms 69 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(25) Habitation.—The derivation is from a word meaning circle, and a better rendering is therefore encampment or village. Nomadic tribes pitch their tents in an enclosed ring. The derivation of the English town is precisely similar. The desolation of his homestead was, to the Arab, the most frightful of calamities. (Comp. Job 18:15. For St. Peter’s use of this verse, combined with Psalms 109:8, see Acts 1:20, and Note, New Testament Commentary.)
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 69 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges25. their habitation] Rather, as R.V. marg., their encampment; cp. Genesis 25:16; Numbers 31:10; Ezekiel 25:4 (R.V.). The language is a survival from the habits of nomad life, with which however the Israelites must always have been familiar. Cp. Jeremiah 4:20; Jeremiah 10:20. To the Oriental no prospect was more terrible than that of the complete extermination of his family. Cp. Job 18:19; Proverbs 14:11. The quotation in Acts 1:20 is a free adaptation of the LXX.
Read Cambridge on Psalms 69 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleLet their habitation be desolate - Margin, “their palace.” The Hebrew word means properly a wall; then, a fortress or castle; and then it means also a nomadic encampment, a rustic village, a farm-hamlet.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 69 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible25. Let their habitation be desolate—Again the verb should take the declarative, not the optative, sense: Their habitation shall be laid waste.The imagery is nomadic, after the true Arab life, and
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Psalms 69 →The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
May their place be deserted; let there be no one to dwell in their tents.
Let their habitation be desolate. Let no one dwell in their tents.
May their place be deserted; let there be no one to dwell in their tents.
May their camp become desolate, their tents uninhabited!
Tyndale line
Let their habitation be desolate; and let none dwell in their tents.
Let their habitation be desolate; Let none dwell in their tents.
Let their habitation be desolate; let none dwell in their tents.
Let their habitation be desolate; and let none dwell in their tents.
Let their habitation be voide, and let none dwell in their tents.
Strictly literal
Let their habitation be desolate; let there be no dweller in their tents.
Their tower is desolated, In their tents there is no dweller.
Their tower is desolated, || There is no dweller in their tents.
(69:26) May their palace become desolate: in their tents let no one dwell.
Let their place be a desolation; let no one live in their tents.
Simplified
Let the places where they live be deserted. Let their homes be abandoned.
Give their houses to destruction, and let there be no one in their tents.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree in their wording for נְשַׁמָּ֑ה, indicating a shared understanding of the desire for desolation. The Septuagint's word choice aligns closely with the Hebrew, reinforcing the message of judgment.
תְּהִי־ טִֽירָתָ֥ם נְשַׁמָּ֑ה בְּ֝אָהֳלֵיהֶ֗ם אַל־ יְהִ֥י יֹשֵֽׁב׃
7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 69:25
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be
Qal
Fall out, happen
occur, take place, come about, come to pass
esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass
וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
Come into being, become
abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
sq. prep.
become
sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
sq. pred. adj.
become like
sq. pred. לְ pers.
sq. לְ pred.
oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.
with עַל and לְ
sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)
exist, be in existence
abide, remain, continue
with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie
as copula, joining subj. & pred.
H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen
. occur, take place, come about, come to pass
. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
. sq. prep.
. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
. sq. pred. adj.
. become like
. sq. pred. + לְ pers.
. sq. לְ pred.
. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.
. with עַל and לְ
. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence
. abide, remain, continue
1961 hayah haw-yaw
a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,
come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or
auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,
committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,
fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit
(one-)self, require, X use.
see HEBREW for 01933
הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.
1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out
1a) (Qal)
1a1) ---
1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass
1a1b) to come about, come to pass
1a2) to come into being, become
1a2a) to arise, appear, come
1a2b) to become
1a2b1) to become
1a2b2) to become like
1a2b3) to be instituted, be established
1a3) to be
1a3a) to exist, be in existence
1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)
1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)
1a3d) to accompany, be with
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about
1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
HVqj3fs — Verb · Qal · jussive third person feminine singularHVqj3fs
טִירָה (tiyrah) refers to an encampment or battlement, indicating a fortified area or dwelling. It is derived from a feminine form related to the word for wall, suggesting meanings like castle or palace. The entries highlight its use in contexts of encampments, walled dwellings, and metaphorical battlements.
[טִירָה] n.f. encampment, battlement
base
H2918 טִירָה encampment, battlement
2918 tiyrah tee-raw'
feminine of (an equivalent to) 2905; a wall; hence, a
fortress or a hamlet:--(goodly) castle, habitation, palace,
row.
see HEBREW for 02905
טִירָה (ti.rah) — encampment.
1) encampment, battlement
1a) encampment, tent camp
1b) walled dwelling places, battlement (metaph.)
1c) row (of stones)
HNcfsc/Sp3mp — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp3mp
שָׁמֵם (shamem) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be desolated or appalled. It is built from a primitive root and encompasses a range of meanings including to stun, devastate, and cause horror. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal, Niphal, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances like being made desolate or causing desolation.
[שָׁמֵם] vb. be desolated, appalled
Qal
be desolated
be appalled, awestruck
Niph.
be desolated
be appalled
Pō‛.
I sat appalled
transit. appalling, causing horror
Hiph.
devastate, ravage
appal
inwardly trans., shewing horror
Hoph. all the days of (its) being desolate
Hithpō‛.
be appalled, astounded
cause oneself desolation, ruin
base
H8074 [שָׁמֵם] be desolated, appalled
8074 shamem shaw-mame'
a primitive root; to stun (or intransitively, grow numb),
i.e. devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both usually in a
passive sense):--make amazed, be astonied, (be an)
astonish(-ment), (be, bring into, unto, lay, lie, make)
desolate(-ion, places), be destitute, destroy (self), (lay,
lie, make) waste, wonder.
שָׁמֵם (sha.mem) — be desolate: destroyed.
: destroyed/deserted
1) to be desolate, be appalled, stun, stupefy
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be desolated, be deflowered, be deserted, be appalled
1a2) to be appalled, be awestruck
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be desolated, be made desolate
1b2) to be appalled
1c) (Polel)
1c1) to be stunned
1c2) appalling, causing horror (participle)
1c2a) horror-causer, appaller (subst)
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to devastate, ravage, make desolated
1d2) to appal, show horror
1e) (Hophal) to lay desolate, be desolated
1f) (Hithpolel)
1f1) to cause to be desolate
1f2) to be appalled, be astounded
1f3) to cause oneself desolation, cause oneself ruin
שָׁמֵם (sha.mem) — be desolate: appalled.
: appalled
1) to be desolate, be appalled, stun, stupefy
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be desolated, be deflowered, be deserted, be appalled
1a2) to be appalled, be awestruck
1b) (Niphal)
HVNrfsa — Verb · Niphal · participle (active) feminine singularHVNrfsa
des'-o-lat (very frequently in the Old Testament for shamem, and its derivatives; less frequently, charebh, and its derivatives, and other words. In the New Testament it stands for eremos (Mt 23:38; Ac 1:20; Ga 4:27) eremoo (Re 17:16), and monoo (1Ti 5:5)): From Latin de, intens., solus, alone. Several shades of meaning can be distinguished:
(1) Its primary sense is "left lonely," "forlorn," e. g. Ps 25:16, "Have mercy upon me; for I am desolate" (Hebrew yachidh, "alone"); 1Ti 5:5, "she that is a widow indeed, and…
The Hebrew word אֹ֫הֶל (*ohel*) means 'tent' and is derived from a root meaning 'to be conspicuous.' It encompasses various meanings, including a nomad's tent, a dwelling or home, and specifically refers to the sacred tent used for worship, known as the tabernacle. The entries consistently highlight its association with transience and habitation.
אֹ֫הֶל 343 n.m. tent
tent of nomad
dwelling, habitation
the sacred tent used in worship of God
base
H168 אֹ֫הֶל tent
168 'ohel o'-hel
from 166; a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a
distance):--covering, (dwelling)(place), home, tabernacle,
tent.
see HEBREW for 0166
אֹ֫הֶל (o.hel) — tent.
: tent
1) tent
1a) nomad's tent, and thus symbolic of wilderness life, transience
1b) dwelling, home, habitation
1c) the sacred tent of Jehovah (the tabernacle)
Also means: o.hel (אֹ֫הֶל ": home" H0168H)
אֹ֫הֶל (o.hel) — tent: home.
: home
1) tent
1a) nomad's tent, and thus symbolic of wilderness life, transience
1b) dwelling, home, habitation
1c) the sacred tent of Jehovah (the tabernacle)
HR/Ncmpc/Sp3mp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHR/Ncmpc/Sp3mp
אַל (al) is a negative particle meaning 'not' or 'no,' often used to express a wish or prohibition rather than an objective fact. It can also function as a noun meaning 'nothing.' The lexicons highlight its use in various contexts, including deprecative forms, but do not show significant disagreement.
אַל adv. of negation, denying however, not objectively as a fact, but subjectively as a wish, expressing therefore a deprecation or prohibition
base
H408 אַל adv. of negation, denying however, not objectively as a fact, but subjectively as a wish, expressing therefore a deprecation or prohibition
408 'al al
a negative particle (akin to 3808); not (the qualified
negation, used as a deprecative); once (Job 24:25) as a noun,
nothing:--nay, neither, + never, no ,nor, not, nothing
(worth), rather than.
see HEBREW for 03808
אַל (al) — not.
1) not, no, nor, neither, nothing (as wish or preference)
1a) do not, let not (with a verb)
1b) let there not be (with a verb understood)
1c) not, no (with substantive)
1d) nothing (as substantive)
Aramaic equivalent: al (אַל "not" H0409)
HTn — ParticleHTn
The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be
Qal
Fall out, happen
occur, take place, come about, come to pass
esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass
וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
Come into being, become
abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
sq. prep.
become
sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
sq. pred. adj.
become like
sq. pred. לְ pers.
sq. לְ pred.
oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.
with עַל and לְ
sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)
exist, be in existence
abide, remain, continue
with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie
as copula, joining subj. & pred.
H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen
. occur, take place, come about, come to pass
. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
. sq. prep.
. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
. sq. pred. adj.
. become like
. sq. pred. + לְ pers.
. sq. לְ pred.
. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.
. with עַל and לְ
. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence
. abide, remain, continue
1961 hayah haw-yaw
a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,
come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or
auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,
committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,
fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit
(one-)self, require, X use.
see HEBREW for 01933
הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.
1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out
1a) (Qal)
1a1) ---
1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass
1a1b) to come about, come to pass
1a2) to come into being, become
1a2a) to arise, appear, come
1a2b) to become
1a2b1) to become
1a2b2) to become like
1a2b3) to be instituted, be established
1a3) to be
1a3a) to exist, be in existence
1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)
1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)
1a3d) to accompany, be with
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about
1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
HVqj3ms — Verb · Qal · jussive third person masculine singularHVqj3ms
יָשַׁב (yashab) is a Hebrew verb meaning to sit, remain, or dwell. It encompasses a range of actions from simply sitting down to more complex ideas like establishing a home or causing a place to be inhabited. The entries indicate various forms, including Qal (to sit), Niphal (to be inhabited), and Hiphil (to cause to dwell). There is an Aramaic equivalent, יְתִב (ye.tiv), meaning 'to dwell'.
יָשַׁב 1090 vb. sit, remain, dwell
Qal
sit
sit, sit down
sit down
sit = be set (as a jewel)
remain, stay, tarry
with special emphasis of qualifying phr.
dwell, have one’s abode
of a land or city, sit, abide, seated in its place, fig. for be inhabited
Niph. be inhabited, of land
Pi. and they shall set their encampments in thee
Hiph.
cause to sit
cause to abide
cause to dwell
cause cities to be inhabited
marry (prop. give a dwelling to)
Hoph. and ye be made to dwell alone in the midst of the land
base
H3427 יָשַׁב sit, remain, dwell
3427 yashab yaw-shab'
a primitive root; properly, to sit down (specifically as
judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to
remain; causatively, to settle, to marry:--(make to)
abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease
self, endure, establish, X fail, habitation, haunt, (make to)
inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, X marry(-ing),
(bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(- tle),
(down-)sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate),
take, tarry.
יָשַׁב (ya.shav) — to dwell.
1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to sit, sit down
1a2) to be set
1a3) to remain, stay
1a4) to dwell, have one's abode
1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited
1c) (Piel) to set, place
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to sit
1d2) to cause to abide, set
1d3) to cause to dwell
1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited
1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to)
1e) (Hophal)
1e1) to be inhabited
1e2) to make to dwell
Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)
HVqrmsa — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singularHVqrmsa
