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Psalms 9:18 — Word Study

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WLCכִּ֤י לֹ֣א לָ֭נֶצַח יִשָּׁכַ֣ח אֶבְי֑וֹן תִּקְוַ֥ת עֲ֝נִיִּ֗ים תֹּאבַ֥ד לָעַֽד׃

BSAto returnshûwb wickedrâshâʻ hellshᵉʼôwl allkôl Gentilegôwy forgetfulshâkêach Godʼĕlôhîym

Word
Listen & take awayPsalms 9
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 18 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (la.'Ad) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Psalms 9:18quick helps
In a sentenceThe psalmist assures that the needy will not be forgotten and the hope of the oppressed will not be lost.
Who is speakingThe psalmist, expressing confidence in God's justice.
Where we areIn a psalm of lament, reflecting on the fate of the wicked versus the oppressed.
The hard wordתֹּאבַ֥ד
Take awayGod's attention to the needy is everlasting.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectכֹּל verbה The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Psalms 9:18

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Assurance of God's Justicegenerated

17The wicked will return to Sheol— all the nations who forget God.
18For the needy will not always be forgotten; nor the hope of the oppressed forever dashed.
19Rise up, O LORD, do not let man prevail; let the nations be judged in Your presence.
20Lay terror upon them, O LORD; let the nations know they are but men. Selah

Psalm 9:18 expresses a profound truth: the needy will not be forgotten by God, and their hope will endure. This verse is situated within a psalm that contrasts the fate of the wicked with the assurance of God's care for the oppressed. The psalmist calls upon God to rise up and judge the nations, affirming that those who suffer will find solace in His justice, as seen in the surrounding verses.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Psalm 9:12For the Avenger of bloodshed remembers; He does not ignore the cry of the afflicted.
2Psalm 12:5“For the cause of the oppressed and for the groaning of the needy, I will now arise,” says the LORD. “I will bring safety to him who yearns.”
3Psalm 72:4–12May he vindicate the afflicted among the people; may he save the children of the needy and crush the oppressor.
4Psalm 102:17–20He will turn toward the prayer of the destitute; He will not despise their prayer.
5Psalm 109:31For He stands at the right hand of the needy one, to save him from the condemners of his soul.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word אֶבְי֑וֹן, 'ev.Yongenerated

The Hebrew word אֶבְיּוֹן (*'evyon*) means 'needy' or 'poor.' It describes individuals who are destitute and in need of help, often oppressed and vulnerable. The word emphasizes the importance of caring for those who are less fortunate, reflecting God's concern for the marginalized.

This term appears frequently in the Old Testament, highlighting the plight of the needy and the expectation that God will provide for them. In this verse, it underscores the certainty that the needy will not be overlooked by God.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verb יִשָּׁכַ֣ח (*yi.sha.Khach*), he will be forgotten, governs the main clause, with two phrases describing the subjects: the needy and the hope of the oppressed. The structure emphasizes the certainty of God's remembrance and the permanence of hope.

The sentence is constructed with a clear contrast between the fate of the needy and the hope of the oppressed, indicating that while the wicked may seem to prevail, God’s attention to the vulnerable remains unwavering.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates אֶבְי֑וֹן as ἁμαρτωλοὶ (*hamartōloi*), meaning 'sinners.' This choice reflects a broader interpretation, suggesting that the needy are also viewed in the context of their moral standing before God.

This translation choice indicates a shift in focus from the physical state of need to a spiritual condition, highlighting the importance of God's justice for both the needy and the wicked.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Psalm 9:18 reassures us that the needy will not be forgotten by God, and their hope will not be lost forever. This verse emphasizes God's care for the oppressed and serves as a reminder of His justice.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that the needy will not be forgotten?

It means that God is always aware of the plight of the needy and will provide for them, ensuring they are not overlooked.

How does this verse relate to the hope of the oppressed?

The hope of the oppressed signifies their expectation for justice and relief, which God promises will not be dashed.

Why is the contrast between the wicked and the needy important?

This contrast highlights God's justice, showing that while the wicked may seem to prosper, He will ultimately care for and remember the vulnerable.

What assurance does this verse give to those who are suffering?

It assures them that their suffering is seen by God and that their hope is secure, as He will not let it perish.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. How can I support those in need in my community, reflecting God's care for the needy?
  2. In what ways have I seen God's faithfulness in my own life, especially during difficult times?
  3. What does it mean for me to hold onto hope in the face of oppression or hardship?
  4. How can I remind others of God's promises to the needy and oppressed?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early church fathers have commented on this verse, discussing God's justice and the fate of the needy in relation to the wicked.

Eusebius of CaesareaCOMMENTARY ON Psalms 9:18-19 c. 260–340
In this life the wicked are raised up, in no sense comprehending their own wicked wrongdoing. But there will be a time of the judgment of God in which the crime that they have admitted will be overturned [in hades,
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 9 →
Augustine of HippoExposition on Psalms 9 354–430
"For there shall not be forgetfulness of the poor man to the end" [Psalms 9:18];
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 9 →
Diodorus of TarsusCOMMENTARY ON Psalms 9 d. c. 390
Even if by some permission his people suffered and were humbled, yet God will not forget his own forever. “The perseverance of the needy will not be lost forever”;
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 9 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Psalms 9:18 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

For the needy shall not always be forgotten,.... The people of God are poor and needy for the most part; they are so in things temporal, and they are poor in spirit, or in things spiritual, of which

Read John Gill on Psalms 9 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

For the needy shall not alway be forgotten: the expectation of the poor shall not perish for ever.

Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 9 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

The needy shall not alway be forgotten, though God for a time may seem to neglect or forget them, and suffer their enemies to triumph over them. Shall not perish; which negative particle is fitly understood out of the former clause, as it Isaiah 44:18 28:27,28.

Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 9 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Psalms 9:18 For the needy shall not alway be forgotten: the expectation of the poor shall [not] perish for ever.Ver. 18. For the needy shall not always be forgotten] Because he that shall come will come, and will not tarry. The Lord is at hand to help those that are forsaken in their hopes. Julian Lining was apprehended by Dale the promoter (in Queen Mary’ s days), who said unto him, You hope and hope, but your hope shall be aslope. For though the queen fail, she that you hope for shall never come at it; for there is my Lord Cardinal’ s grace and many others between her and it, &c. But the cardinal died soon after the queen, and (according to father Latimer’ s prayer) Elizabeth was crowned…

Read John Trapp on Psalms 9 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(18) Not alway.—In the original the negative comes emphatically at the commencement, ruling both clauses, as in Psalms 35:19. The expectation of the poor.—The sufferer’s hope will at some time be realised: the hope of being righted. In this confidence the psalmist goes on to call on Jehovah to appear as judge.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 9 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 18. The needy shall not alway be forgotten] The needy, and the poor, whose expectation is from the Lord, are never forgotten, though sometimes their deliverance is delayed for the greater confusion of their enemies, the greater manifestation of God's mercy, and the greater benefit to themselves.

Read AdamClarke on Psalms 9 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

18. For the needy shall not perpetually be forgotten; Nor the hope of the afflicted be disappointed for ever. Man forgets God; but God does not forget man. expectation] The patient hope which waits upon God in faith (LXX ὑπομονή: Vulg. patientia). Comp. the frequent use of the cognate verb generally rendered wait: Psalms 25:3; Psalms 25:5; Psalms 25:21, Psalms 27:14, Psalms 37:9; Psalms 37:34, Psalms 40:1, Psalms 130:5; Isaiah 25:9; Isaiah 26:8 : and elsewhere. the poor] Here the traditional reading is ‘aniyyξm, ‘afflicted,’ though the text has ‘anβvξm, ‘meek.’ See note on Psalms 9:12.

Read Cambridge on Psalms 9 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

For the needy - The poor; those who are dependent and helpless. Shall not always be forgotten - That is, by God. He will interfere and save them by destroying their enemies.

Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 9 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

For the needy will not always be forgotten; nor the hope of the oppressed forever dashed.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

For the needy shall not always be forgotten, nor the hope of the poor perish forever.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

For the needy will not always be forgotten; nor the hope of the oppressed forever dashed.

NETBNew English Translation2006

for the needy are not permanently ignored, the hopes of the oppressed are not forever dashed.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

For the needy shall not alway be forgotten: the expectation of the poor shall not perish for ever.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

For the needy shall not alway be forgotten, Nor the expectation of the poor perish for ever.

RVARevised Version, American1894

For the needy shall not alway be forgotten, nor the expectation of the poor perish for ever.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

For the needy shall not always be forgotten: the expectation of the poor shall not perish for ever.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

For the poore shall not bee alway forgotten: the hope of the afflicted shall not perish for euer.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

For the needy one shall not be forgotten alway; the hope of the meek shall not perish for ever.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

For not for ever is the needy forgotten, The hope of the humble lost to the age.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

For the needy is not forgotten forever, || [Nor] the hope of the humble lost for all time.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

(9:19) For not everlastingly shall the needy be forgotten: the expectation of the poor shall not perish for ever.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

For the needy will not always be forgotten, nor will the hope of the oppressed be forever dashed.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

The wicked shall be turned into hell, all the nations that forget God.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

But the needy will not be ignored forever, the hope of those who suffer will not always be dashed.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

For the poor will not be without help; the hopes of those in need will not be crushed for ever.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

כִּ֤י(dm)clauseadverbialלֹ֣אnotprepositional phrase · prepositionalלָ֭toנֶצַחperpetuityverbיִשָּׁכַ֣חhe.will.be.forgottensubjectאֶבְי֑וֹן[the].needyclausenoun phrase · subjectתִּקְוַ֥ת[the].hopeעֲ֝נִיִּ֗יםof.afflicted.[people]verbתֹּאבַ֥דit.will.be.lostprepositional phrase · prepositionalלָforeverעַֽדever

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording, with minor variations in the arrangement and specific terms. The Dead Sea Scrolls fragment also aligns closely with the Masoretic Text, confirming the essential message of the verse.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

כִּ֤י לֹ֣א לָ֭נֶצַח יִשָּׁכַ֣ח אֶבְי֑וֹן תִּקְוַ֥ת עֲ֝נִיִּ֗ים תֹּאבַ֥ד לָעַֽד׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
כִּ֤יἀποστραφήτωσανלֹ֣אἁμαρτωλοὶלָ֭נֶצַחτὸνיִשָּׁכַ֣חᾅδηνאֶבְי֑וֹןπάνταתִּקְוַ֥תἔθνηתֹּאבַ֥דθεοῦ

7 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 5/6hev1ba copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

ישובו רשעים [לשאול׳ה] [כל] [גוים] [שכחי] [אלהים]

7 words of the verse are on this fragment — 2 partly restored, 5 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Psalms 9:18כִּיforforכִּילֹאnotnotלֹאנֵ֫צַחto perpetuito perpetuityנֵ֫צַחשָׁכַחhe will be he will be forgשָׁכַחאֶבְיוֹן[the] needy[the] needyאֶבְיוֹןתִּקְוָה[the] hope [the] hope ofתִּקְוָהעָנִיafflicted [afflicted [peopעָנִיאָבַדit will be it will be lostאָבַדעַדfor everfor everעַדנָצַחto conductto conductנָצַחאָבָהbe willingbe willingאָבָהקָוָהto awaitto awaitקָוָהעָנָהbe occupiebe occupiedעָנָהעָדָהto advanceto advanceעָדָהיָדַעto knowto knowיָדַעיָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלעוֹדstillstillעוֹדשָׁכַחto forgetto forgetשָׁכַחבַּלnotnotבַּלנֵ֫צַחperpetuityperpetuityנֵ֫צַחעָנִיafflictedafflictedעָנִידַּלpoorpoorדַּלתּוֹחֶ֫לֶתhopehopeתּוֹחֶ֫לֶתאַחֲרִיתendendאַחֲרִיתחָטַףto catchto catchחָטַףאֶבְיוֹןneedyneedyאֶבְיוֹןתִּקְוָהcordcordתִּקְוָה
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Psalms 9:18

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

for not to perpetuity he will be forgotten [the] needy [the] hope of afflicted [people] it will be lost for ever
כִּ֤יki for H3588 Particle
4,483× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.
Tyndale gloss
for
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי conj. that, for, when

that

Of time, when, of the past

elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

Because, since

base

כִּי אם־

each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:

that if

for if

(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—

limiting the prec. clause, except

the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

after an oath, surely

base

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that

. . Of time, when, of the past

. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

. Because, since

H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if

. for if

. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except

. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

. after an oath, surely

H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3588 kiy kee

a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional

prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent

or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative

conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by

other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,

where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,

even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +

nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,

therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,

whether, while, whom, yea, yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כִּי (ki) — for.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if

1f) but rather, but

1g) except that

1h) only, nevertheless

1i) surely

1j) that is

1k) but if

1l) for though

1m) forasmuch as, for therefore

כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.

1) except if

1a) but if

1b) even though

כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTc — Particle
HTc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

for (ki (conjunction), le, from 'el (preposition), and various other words. In the New Testament also the words are various, chiefly gar, kai gar, hoti (conjunctions); anti apo eis dia (accusative), epi (dative and accusative), peri (genitive), pros (genitive and accusative), huper (genitive) (prepositions)): the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version give in many cases more literal or more accurate renderings than those in the King James Version.

In the New Testament the most important preps. from a doctrinal point of view are anti, "face to face," "over against," "instead," "on behalf of," peri, "around," "about," "concerning," huper, "over," "on behalf of." The first has been claimed as stating the substitutionary nature of Christ's sacrifice as contrasted with huper and peri, more frequently used of it. But, although anti in the New Testament often means…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
for not to perpetuity he will be forgotten [the] needy [the] hope of afflicted [people] it will be lost for ever
לֹ֣אlo' not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTn — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
for not to perpetuity he will be forgotten [the] needy [the] hope of afflicted [people] it will be lost for ever
לָ֭נֶצַחLa.ne.tzach to perpetuity H5331 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
43× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for perpetuity or everlastingness, often used to describe God's nature. It appears in Psalm 9:7, where the psalmist praises God's enduring presence. This word conveys the idea of something lasting forever.
Tyndale gloss
perpetuity
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נֵ֫צַח (netsach) encompasses concepts of eminence, enduring strength, and perpetuity. It is derived from a root meaning 'goal' or 'bright object' and conveys ideas of splendor, truthfulness, and confidence. The term is used to express notions of victory and continual existence, often implying an everlasting quality.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נֵ֫צַח n.m. eminence, enduring, everlasting, perpetuity

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5331 נֵ֫צַח eminence, enduring, everlasting, perpetuity

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5331 netsach neh'-tsakh

or netsach {nay'-tsakh}; from 5329; properly, a goal, i.e.

the bright object at a distance travelled towards; hence

(figuratively), splendor, or (subjectively) truthfulness, or

(objectively) confidence; but usually (adverbially),

continually (i.e. to the most distant point of

view); --alway(-s), constantly, end, (+ n-)ever(more),

perpetual, strength, victory.

see HEBREW for 05329

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נֵ֫צַח (ne.tsach) — perpetuity.

1) eminence, perpetuity, strength, victory, enduring, everlastingness

1a) eminence

1b) enduring of life

1c) endurance in time, perpetual, continual, unto the end

1d) everlastingness, ever

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Ncmsa — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HR/Ncmsa
for not to perpetuity he will be forgotten [the] needy [the] hope of afflicted [people] it will be lost for ever
יִשָּׁכַ֣חyi.sha.Khach he will be forgotten H7911 Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine singular
102× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To forget something means to mislay it or be oblivious to it. This Hebrew word is used in the Bible to describe when people forget things, like God's commands. The KJV translates it as 'to forget' or 'at all'.
Tyndale gloss
to forget
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word שָׁכַח (shakach) means 'to forget' and encompasses various nuances such as ignoring or ceasing to care. It can appear in different forms, including Qal (to forget), Niphal (to be forgotten), and Hiphil (to cause to forget). The entries highlight its primitive root nature and its usage in contexts where memory or attention is lacking.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁכַח 102 vb. forget

Qal 86 forget

Niph. be forgotten

Pi. י׳ hath caused to forget

Hiph. to make my people forget my name

Hithp. they were forgotten in the city.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7911 שָׁכַח forget

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7911 shakach shaw-kakh'

or shakeach {shaw-kay'-akh}; a primitive root; to mislay,

i.e. to be oblivious of, from want of memory or attention:--X

at all, (cause to) forget.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁכַח (sha.khach) — to forget.

1) to forget, ignore, wither

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to forget

1a2) to cease to care

1b) (Niphal) to be forgotten

1c) (Piel) to cause to forget

1d) (Hiphil) to make or cause to forget

1e) (Hithpael) to be forgotten

Aramaic equivalent: she.khach (שְׁכַח "to find" H7912)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVNi3ms — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVNi3ms
for not to perpetuity he will be forgotten [the] needy [the] hope of afflicted [people] it will be lost for ever
אֶבְי֑וֹן'ev.Yon [the] needy H34
61× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word describes someone who is needy or poor, often oppressed and in need of help from God. It appears in the Bible to describe those who are vulnerable and in need of deliverance. In the KJV, it is translated as beggar, needy, or poor man.
Tyndale gloss
needy
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֶבְיוֹן (*ebyown*) means needy or poor, derived from a root indicating want. It describes individuals who are destitute, oppressed, or in need of help, particularly from God. This term appears in various contexts in the Old Testament, often referring to the lowest social class and the importance of caring for such individuals.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֶבְיוֹן adj. in want, needy, poor,—so, alw. abs., Dt 15:4 + 40 t.; אֶבְיֹנְךָ Ex 23:6 Dt 15:11; אֶבְיוֹנִים Am 4:1 + 14 t.; אֶבְיוֹנֵי (אֶבְיֹנֵי) Ex 23:11 Is 29:19; אֶבְיוֹנֶיהָ ψ 132:15—(Hex. only JED; mostly poet., 23 t. ψ) needy, chiefly poor (in material things); as adj. Dt 15:7, 7, 9; 24:14 ψ 109:16 (both ∥ עָנִי); elsewhere subst.; ψ 49:3 (∥ עָשִׁיר); Dt 15:4, 11; subj. to oppression & abuse Am 2:6

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Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H34 אֶבְיוֹן in want, needy, poor

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

34 'ebyown eb-yone'

from 14, in the sense of want (especially in feeling);

destitute:--beggar, needy, poor (man).

see HEBREW for 014

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶבְיוֹן (ev.yon) — needy.

1) in want, needy, chiefly poor, needy person

2) subject to oppression and abuse

3) needing help, deliverance from trouble, especially as delivered by God

4) general reference to lowest class

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HAamsa
HAamsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ned'-i ('ebhyon).

See POOR.

for not to perpetuity he will be forgotten [the] needy [the] hope of afflicted [people] it will be lost for ever
תִּקְוַ֥תtik.Vat [the] hope of H8615 Noun common · feminine singular construct
34× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In Hebrew, this word for hope means a cord that attaches or expectancy, like waiting for something to happen. It appears in the Bible as a feeling of expectation or a thing someone longs for. The KJV translates it as hope or expectation.
Tyndale gloss
cord
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

תִּקְוָה (tiqvah) means both 'cord' and 'hope.' It is derived from a root meaning to attach or bind, reflecting a sense of expectancy or longing. The term encompasses concepts of hope, expectation, and the outcomes of what is hoped for, as noted in various lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[תִּקְוָה] n.f. cord

base

תִּקְוָה 34 n.f. hope

hope

= ground of hope

things hoped for, outcome

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8615a תִּקְוָה cord H8615b תִּקְוָה hope . hope

. = ground of hope

. things hoped for, outcome

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8615 tiqvah tik-vaw'

from 6960; literally, a cord (as an attachment (compare

6961)); figuratively, expectancy:--expectation ((-ted)),

hope, live, thing that I long for.

see HEBREW for 06960

see HEBREW for 06961

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

תִּקְוָה (tiq.vah) — cord.

cord

תִּקְוָה (tiq.vah) — hope.

1) hope, expectation

1a) hope

1b) ground of hope

1c) things hoped for, outcome

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcfsc — Noun common · feminine singular construct
HNcfsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

for not to perpetuity he will be forgotten [the] needy [the] hope of afflicted [people] it will be lost for ever
עֲ֝נִיִּ֗יםa.na.vim afflicted [people] H6041
74× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word describes someone who is depressed, humble, or weak, often due to difficult circumstances, as described in the Psalms and other biblical books.
Tyndale gloss
afflicted
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עָנִי (aniy) describes a state of being poor, afflicted, or humble. It is built from the root meaning to be depressed in mind or circumstances. The entries indicate it covers a range of meanings including needy, lowly, and wretched. There is a noted disagreement regarding its relationship to another word, עָנָה (anah), with some lexicons viewing one as subjective and the other as objective.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָנִי adj. poor, afflicted, humble

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6041 עָנִי poor, afflicted, humble

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6041 `aniy aw-nee'

from 6031; depressed, in mind or circumstances (practically

the same as 6035, although the margin constantly disputes

this, making 6035 subjective and 6041 objective):--afflicted,

humble, lowly, needy, poor.

see HEBREW for 06031

see HEBREW for 06035

see HEBREW for 06035

see HEBREW for 06041

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָנִי (a.ni) — afflicted.

1) poor, afflicted, humble, wretched

1a) poor, needy

1b) poor and weak

1c) poor, weak, afflicted, wretched

1d) humble, lowly

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HAampa
HAampa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (about 2,000 times), with le'om, and goy, next in order; but the various Hebrew words are used with very little or no difference in force (e.g. Pr 14:28; but, on the other hand, in Ps 44 contrast verses 12 and 14). Of the changes introduced by the Revised Version (British and American) the only one of significance (cited explicitly in the Preface to the English Revised Version) is the frequent use of the plural "peoples" (strangely avoided in the King James Version except Re 10:11; 17:15), where other nations than Israel are in question. So, for instance, in Ps…

for not to perpetuity he will be forgotten [the] needy [the] hope of afflicted [people] it will be lost for ever
תֹּאבַ֥דto.Vad it will be lost H6 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine singular
184× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To perish means to be destroyed or lost, whether it's a person, animal, or thing, like the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah in Genesis 19.
Tyndale gloss
to perish
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָבַד (abad) is a Hebrew verb meaning to perish or be lost. It encompasses a range of meanings, including dying, vanishing, and destruction, often in a moral or judgment context. The word appears in various forms in the Old Testament, with uses related to individuals, nations, and inanimate objects. The lexicons indicate that it can also imply causing something to perish or stray.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָבַד vb. perish (M I אבד, As. abâtu Dl W 184 Aram אֲבַד, Syriac).—

Qal Pf. א׳ Nu 21:30 +; אָבְדוּ ψ 10:16 + (+ Ez 6:3 𝔊 Co) etc.; Impf. יֹאבַד Jb 3:3 Je 4:9; יֹאבֵ֑ד Jb 20:7 + 2t.; 3fs. תֹּאבַד Dt 22:3 + 4t.; תֹּאבֵ֑ד Jb 8:13 + 3t.; יֹאבְדוּ Ju 5:31 + 3t.; יֹאבֵ֑דוּ Jb 4:9 +; 3fpl. וַתֹּאבַדְנָה֙ I S 9:3; תֹּאבֵדוּן Dt 4:26 +; נֹאבֵ֑ד Jon 1:6

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Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6 אָבַד perish .. perish, die, of individuals

. fig. perish, vanish, subj. memory

. be lost, strayed

. . cause to perish, destroy, kill

. fig. cause to vanish, blot out, do away with

. cause to stray, lose

. . destroy, put to death, in judgment

. fig. obj. name of kings; hope; voice of mirth etc.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6 'abad aw-bad'

a primitive root; properly, to wander away, i.e. lose

oneself; by implication to perish (causative,

destroy):--break, destroy(- uction), + not escape, fail,

lose, (cause to, make) perish, spend, X and surely, take, be

undone, X utterly, be void of, have no way to flee.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָבַד (a.vad) — to perish.

1) perish, vanish, go astray, be destroyed

1a) (Qal)

1a1) perish, die, be exterminated

1a2) perish, vanish (fig.)

1a3) be lost, strayed

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to destroy, kill, cause to perish, to give up (as lost), exterminate

1b2) to blot out, do away with, cause to vanish, (fig.)

1b3) cause to stray, lose

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to destroy, put to death

1c1a) of divine judgment

1c2) object name of kings (fig.)

Aramaic equivalent: a.vad (אֲבַד "to destroy" H0007)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVqi3fs — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine singular
HVqi3fs
for not to perpetuity he will be forgotten [the] needy [the] hope of afflicted [people] it will be lost for ever
לָעַֽד׃la.'Ad for ever H5703 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
49× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means forever or eternity, describing something that has no end, like God's existence. It's used in the Bible to talk about things that last forever. In Genesis, it describes God's eternal nature.
Tyndale gloss
perpetuity
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עַד, transliterated as ad, refers to the concept of perpetuity, encompassing both past and future time. It signifies a duration that can imply eternity or continuous existence. The term is associated with ancient mountains in the context of the past and is used to denote the idea of forever in relation to the future, particularly in reference to God's existence.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עַד and וָעֶ֑ד (so alw.) n.m. perpetuity (= advancing time)

of past time: ancient mountains

of future time, לָעַד for ever

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5703 עַד, וָעֶ֑ד perpetuity . of past time: ancient mountains

. of future time, לָעַד for ever

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5703 `ad ad

from 5710; properly, a (peremptory) terminus, i.e. (by

implication) duration, in the sense of advance or perpetuity

(substantially as a noun, either with or without a

preposition):--eternity, ever(- lasting, -more), old,

perpetually, + world without end.

see HEBREW for 05710

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַד (ad) — perpetuity.

1) perpetuity, for ever, continuing future

1a) ancient (of past time)

1b) for ever (of future time)

1b1) of continuous existence

1c) for ever (of God's existence)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Ncmsa — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HR/Ncmsa
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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