Ruth 3:12 — Word Study
WLCוְעַתָּה֙ כִּ֣י אָמְנָ֔ם כִּ֥י גֹאֵ֖ל אָנֹ֑כִי וְגַ֛ם יֵ֥שׁ גֹּאֵ֖ל קָר֥וֹב מִמֶּֽנִּי׃
BSAYeskîy it is trueʼomnâm [assuredly, surely] thatkîy I [am]ʼânôkîy a kinsman-redeemergâʼal [near relative, family redeemer] butgam there isyêsh a redeemergâʼal [one who buys back, restores] nearerqârôwb [closer in relationship, more closely related] than Imin
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְעַתָּה֙ | and therefore | Conjunction, adverb |
| כִּ֣י | for | Particle |
| אָמְנָ֔ם | truly | Adverb |
| כִּ֥י | that | Particle |
| גֹאֵ֖ל | [am] a kinsman-redeemer | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular |
| אָנֹ֑כִי | I | Pronoun |
| וְגַ֛ם | and also | Conjunction, adverb |
| יֵ֥שׁ | there | Part |
| גֹּאֵ֖ל | [is] a kinsman-redeemer | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular |
| קָר֥וֹב | near | Adj |
| מִמֶּֽנִּי׃ | more than I | Preposition, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Yes, it is true that I am a kinsman-redeemer, but there is a redeemer nearer than I. |
| KJV | And now it is true that I am thy near kinsman: howbeit there is a kinsman nearer than I. |
| ASV | And now it is true that I am a near kinsman; howbeit there is a kinsman nearer than I. |
| YLT | And now, surely, true, that I [am] a redeemer, but also there is a redeemer nearer than I. |
| WEB | Now it is true that I am a near kinsman. However, there is a kinsman nearer than I. |
| BBE | Now it is true that I am a near relation: but there is a relation nearer than I. |
Where they part company is אָמְנָם — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence consists of a main clause followed by a contrasting subordinate clause, emphasizing the tension between Boaz's claim and the reality of a nearer redeemer.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, AdamClarke & more — read them ›
clause
subjectאָנֹכִי
verbגָּאַל
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Ruth 3:12
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Redemption in Ruthgenerated
Ruth 3:12 occurs when Boaz, a kinsman-redeemer, speaks to Ruth about the possibility of redemption. He acknowledges his own role but highlights that there is another relative who has a closer claim to redeem her. This moment is crucial in the narrative as it sets the stage for the unfolding events of redemption and loyalty in the story of Ruth and Naomi.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ruth 4:1 | Meanwhile, Boaz went to the gate and sat down there. Soon the kinsman-redeemer of whom he had spoken came along, and Boaz said, “Come over here, my friend, and sit down.” So he went over and sat down. |
| 2 | Matthew 7:12 | In everything, then, do to others as you would have them do to you. For this is the essence of the Law and the Prophets. |
| 3 | 1 Thessalonians 4:6 | and no one should ever violate or exploit his brother in this regard, because the Lord will avenge all such acts, as we have already told you and solemnly warned you. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 3 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — גֹאֵ֖ל, go.'Elgenerated
The Hebrew word גָּאַל (ga'al) means to redeem and is often associated with the responsibilities of a kinsman-redeemer. It encompasses actions like buying back property or marrying a relative's widow. In this context, Boaz identifies himself as a redeemer, indicating his willingness to fulfill these duties if necessary.
As a participle, גֹאֵל indicates an ongoing role or identity. Boaz is not merely stating a fact; he is affirming his position within the family structure and the obligations that come with it.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against. The BSB uses kinsman-redeemer to convey the specific familial role Boaz holds, which is consistent across several translations.
Where translations differ, they do so particularly with the word אָמְנָם. The BSB and KJV use truly, while the LSV and YLT opt for surely. This reflects a subtle difference in emphasis on certainty.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main clause is governed by the finite verb יֵשׁ, there is, which introduces the existence of a redeemer. The sentence structure reveals Boaz's acknowledgment of his role as a redeemer while simultaneously introducing the existence of another.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the existence of the nearer redeemer, which is critical to the narrative tension. The conjunctions and clauses build a contrast between Boaz's claim and the reality of the closer relative.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates גֹאֵל with the Greek word ἀγξιστεὺς, which also conveys the idea of a redeemer but lacks the specific familial connotation present in the Hebrew. This choice may reflect a broader understanding of redemption beyond kinship.
The LXX's wording indicates a more general interpretation of the role, which could suggest a different cultural emphasis on redemption in the Greek-speaking world.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Ruth 3:12 shows Boaz affirming that he is a kinsman-redeemer, which means he has the right to help redeem Ruth and her family. However, he points out that there is another redeemer who is closer in relationship and has the first claim.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
A kinsman-redeemer is a relative who has the responsibility to help family members in need, such as buying back property or marrying a widow to preserve family lineage.
Boaz acknowledges the existence of a closer relative to ensure that Ruth understands the proper legal and social protocols regarding redemption in their culture.
Boaz's role as a kinsman-redeemer highlights themes of loyalty, family duty, and God's provision in the story of Ruth.
This verse is pivotal as it sets the stage for the resolution of Ruth's situation and emphasizes the importance of familial relationships and responsibilities.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What responsibilities do I have towards my family and community, similar to Boaz's role?
- How can I show loyalty and support to those in need around me?
- What does it mean for me to acknowledge the roles of others in my life, as Boaz does with the nearer redeemer?
- In what ways can I seek to fulfill my obligations to those I care about?
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Ruth 3:12 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd now it is true, that I am thy near kinsman,.... Her husband and he being brothers' sons, so own cousins: howbeit, there is a kinsman nearer than I, who was, the Jews say (w), the brother of her
Read John Gill on Ruth 3 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd now, my daughter, fear not; I will do to thee all that thou requirest: for all the city of my people doth know that thou art a virtuous woman. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on Ruth 3 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsRth 3:12 And now it is true that I [am thy] near kinsman: howbeit there is a kinsman nearer than I.Ver. 12. And now it is true.] He easily yieldeth to the truth of her allegation, as being φιλαληθης, a lover of truth - a title given to Arrian the historian - and a promoter of it, as it is said of Vespasian. Howbeit there is a kinsman nearer than I.] Whose first right unto thee I freely acknowledge, and to whom thou shouldst first have addressed thyself. This was justice, - to give to every one his own.
Read John Trapp on Ruth 3 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 12. There is a kinsman nearer than I.] It is very likely that Naomi was not acquainted with this circumstance. Some have supposed that there was a brother of Elimelech remaining, who was nearer than Boaz, who is supposed to have been only a nephew; the former, therefore, must have a prior right.
Read AdamClarke on Ruth 3 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges12. there is a kinsman nearer than I] with a better right to do the kinsman’s part. Boaz displays a nice sense of honour, and a desire to adhere strictly to the rules of social usage.
Read Cambridge on Ruth 3 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleBy “kinsman,” understand the גאל gā'al (Rth 2:20 note).
Read Albert Barnes on Ruth 3 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible12. There is a kinsman nearer than I — From this it appears that Naomi had laboured under some mistake.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Ruth 3 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Yes, it is true that I am a kinsman-redeemer, but there is a redeemer nearer than I.
Now it is true that I am a near kinsman. However, there is a kinsman nearer than I.
Yes, it is true that I am a kinsman-redeemer, but there is a redeemer nearer than I.
Now yes, it is true that I am a guardian, but there is another guardian who is a closer relative than I am.
Tyndale line
And now it is true that I am thy near kinsman: howbeit there is a kinsman nearer than I.
And now it is true that I am a near kinsman; howbeit there is a kinsman nearer than I.
And now it is true that I am a near kinsman: howbeit there is a kinsman nearer than I.
And now it is true that I am thy near kinsman: yet there is a kinsman nearer than I.
And now, it is true that I am thy kinsman, howbeit there is a kinsman neerer then I.
Strictly literal
And now, truly I am one that has the right of redemption, yet there is one that has the right of redemption who is nearer than I.
And now, surely, true, that I [am] a redeemer, but also there is a redeemer nearer than I.
And now, surely, true, that I [am] a redeemer, but also there is a redeemer nearer than I.
And now, it is indeed true that I am thy near kinsman; nevertheless, there is a kinsman nearer than I.
It is true that I am a kinsman, but there is a kinsman nearer than I.
From the Latin
Neither do I deny myself to be near of kin, but there is another nearer than I.
Simplified
However, even though I'm one of your family redeemers, there's one who is more closely related than I am.
Now it is true that I am a near relation: but there is a relation nearer than I.
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text reads consistently with the Septuagint, matching 10 of the 11 words. The differences in word order and articles indicate a distinct syntactical approach in the Septuagint, but the core message remains aligned.
וְעַתָּה֙ כִּ֣י אָמְנָ֔ם כִּ֥י גֹאֵ֖ל אָנֹ֑כִי וְגַ֛ם יֵ֥שׁ גֹּאֵ֖ל קָר֥וֹב מִמֶּֽנִּי׃
10 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Ruth 3:12
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
עַתָּ֫ה (attah) is an adverb of time meaning 'now.' It can also function as a conjunction or expletive, indicating immediacy or a current moment. The word is derived from a related term, עַת (att), and is used in various contexts to denote the present time.
עַתָּ֫ה 435, עָ֑֫תָּה, adv. of time, now
base
H6258 עַתָּ֫ה, עָ֑֫תָּה of time, now
6258 `attah at-taw'
from 6256; at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or
expletive:--henceforth, now, straightway, this time, whereas.
see HEBREW for 06256
עַתָּ֫ה (at.tah) — now.
1) now
1a) now
1b) in phrases
HC/D — Conjunction · adverbHC/D
כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'
כִּי conj. that, for, when
that
Of time, when, of the past
elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
Because, since
base
כִּי אם־
each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:
that if
for if
(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—
limiting the prec. clause, except
the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
after an oath, surely
base
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that
. . Of time, when, of the past
. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
. Because, since
H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if
. for if
. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except
. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
. after an oath, surely
H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
3588 kiy kee
a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional
prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent
or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative
conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by
other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,
where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,
even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +
nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,
therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,
whether, while, whom, yea, yet.
כִּי (ki) — for.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if
1f) but rather, but
1g) except that
1h) only, nevertheless
1i) surely
1j) that is
1k) but if
1l) for though
1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.
1) except if
1a) but if
1b) even though
כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
Conj — ParticleHTc
for (ki (conjunction), le, from 'el (preposition), and various other words. In the New Testament also the words are various, chiefly gar, kai gar, hoti (conjunctions); anti apo eis dia (accusative), epi (dative and accusative), peri (genitive), pros (genitive and accusative), huper (genitive) (prepositions)): the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version give in many cases more literal or more accurate renderings than those in the King James Version.
In the New Testament the most important preps. from a doctrinal point of view are anti, "face to face," "over against," "instead," "on behalf of," peri, "around," "about," "concerning," huper, "over," "on behalf of." The first has been claimed as stating the substitutionary nature of Christ's sacrifice as contrasted with huper and peri, more frequently used of it. But, although anti in the New Testament often means…
אָמְנָם (omnam) is an adverb meaning 'verily' or 'truly,' used to affirm statements with certainty. It is derived from the root word for 'truth' and conveys a sense of assurance or emphasis in assertions. The entries consistently highlight its use in affirmations, but there are no notable disagreements among the lexicons.
אָמְנָם adv. (= אֻמְנָם) verily, truly, in asseverations
base
H551 אָמְנָם verily, truly, in asseverations
551 'omnam om-nawm'
adverb from 544; verily:--indeed, no doubt, surely, (it is,
of a) true(-ly, -th).
see HEBREW for 0544
אׇמְנָם (om.nam) — truly.
verily, truly, surely
Adv — AdverbHD
כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'
כִּי conj. that, for, when
that
Of time, when, of the past
elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
Because, since
base
כִּי אם־
each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:
that if
for if
(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—
limiting the prec. clause, except
the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
after an oath, surely
base
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that
. . Of time, when, of the past
. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
. Because, since
H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if
. for if
. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except
. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
. after an oath, surely
H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
3588 kiy kee
a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional
prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent
or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative
conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by
other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,
where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,
even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +
nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,
therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,
whether, while, whom, yea, yet.
כִּי (ki) — for.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if
1f) but rather, but
1g) except that
1h) only, nevertheless
1i) surely
1j) that is
1k) but if
1l) for though
1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.
1) except if
1a) but if
1b) even though
כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
Conj — ParticleHTc
גָּאַל (ga'al) is a Hebrew verb meaning to redeem, often in the context of acting as a kinsman-redeemer. It encompasses various forms of redemption, including buying back property, marrying a relative's widow, and delivering individuals or Israel from bondage or exile. The related noun גְּאוּלַי (geulai) signifies the concept of redemption itself.
גָּאַל vb. redeem, act as kinsman
Qal
act as kinsman, do the part of next of kin
redeem, by payment of value assessed
redeem, with God as subj. implying personal relationship
H1350a גָּאַל redeem, act as kinsman .. act as kinsman, do the part of next of kin
. redeem, by payment of value assessed
. redeem, with God as subj. implying personal relationship
.. refl. redeem oneself
. pass. be redeemed
H1350b גְּאוּלַי n. abstr. redemption
1350 ga'al gaw-al'
a primitive root, to redeem (according to the Oriental law of
kinship), i.e. to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back
a relative's property, marry his widow, etc.):--X in any wise,
X at all, avenger, deliver, (do, perform the part of near,
next) kinsfolk(-man), purchase, ransom, redeem(-er), revenger.
גָּאַל (ga.al) — to redeem: redeem.
: redeem
1) to redeem, act as kinsman-redeemer, avenge, revenge, ransom, do the part of a kinsman
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to act as kinsman, do the part of next of kin, act as kinsman-redeemer
1a1a) by marrying brother's widow to beget a child for him, to redeem from slavery, to redeem land, to exact vengeance
1a2) to redeem (by payment)
1a3) to redeem (with God as subject)
1a3a) individuals from death
1a3b) Israel from Egyptian bondage
1a3c) Israel from exile
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to redeem oneself
1b2) to be redeemed
גְּאוּלַי (ge.u.lay) — redemption.
redemption
גָּאַל (ga.al) — to redeem: avenge.
: avenge
1) to redeem, act as kinsman-redeemer, avenge, revenge, ransom, do the part of a kinsman
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to act as kinsman, do the part of next of kin, act as kinsman-redeemer
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singularHVqrmsa
Redeemer
Heb. goel; i.e., one charged with the duty of restoring the rights of another and avenging his wrongs (Lev. 25:48, 49; Num. 5:8; Ruth 4:1; Job 19:25; Ps. 19:14; 78:35, etc.). This title is peculiarly applied to Christ. He redeems us from all evil by the payment of a ransom (q.v.). (See REDEMPTION.)
A name given to Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the world, because he redeems mankind from the bondage and guilt of their sins, by dying in their place, and thus paying their ransom, Mt 20:28 Ga 3:13 Eph 1:7 1Ti 2:6 Tit 2:14 1Pe 1:18,19 Re 5:9. In the law of Moses, Le 25:25,48, this title is given to one who has the right of redemption in an inheritance, especially to a near kinsman, who may redeem it from a stranger or any Jew who had bought it. Such was Boaz, who…
The Hebrew word אָֽנֹכִ֫י (*anokiy*) is a first-person singular pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me.' It is a variant spelling of אֲנִי (*ani*), which also means 'I.' The entries confirm its use as a personal pronoun without significant disagreement among lexicons.
אָֽנֹכִ֫י, אָנֹ֑כִי pron. 1s. comm. I
base
H595 אָֽנֹכִ֫י, אָנֹ֑כִי I
595 'anokiy aw-no-kee'
sometimes {aw-no'-kee}; a primitive pro.; I:--I, me, X
which.
אָֽנֹכִ֫י (a.no.khi) — I.
I (first pers. sing.)
Another spelling of a.ni (אֲנִי, אָֽנֹכִ֫י "I" H0589)
Pron — PronounHPp1bs
גַּם (gam) is an adverb meaning 'also' or 'moreover,' indicating addition or emphasis. It can express various nuances, such as 'even,' 'indeed,' or 'but.' The term is often used in a correlational manner, as in 'both...and.' It appears in contexts that require clarification or reinforcement of a statement.
גַּם 768 adv. denoting addition, also, moreover, yea
base
H1571 גַּם denoting addition, also, moreover, yea
1571 gam gam
by contraction from an unused root meaning to gather;
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea,
though; often repeated as correl. both...and:--again, alike,
also, (so much) as (soon), both (so)...and , but, either...or,
even, for all, (in) likewise (manner), moreover,
nay...neither, one, then(-refore), though, what, with, yea.
גַּם (gam) — also.
1) also, even, indeed, moreover, yea
1a) also, moreover (giving emphasis)
1b) neither, neither...nor (with negative)
1c) even (for stress)
1d) indeed, yea (introducing climax)
1e) also (of correspondence or retribution)
1f) but, yet, though (adversative)
1g) even, yea, yea though (with 'when' in hypothetical case)
2) (TWOT) again, alike
Conj | DirObjM — Conjunction · adverbHC/D
ol'-so: In the Greek kai, when it is equivalent to "also" or "even," is always placed before the word or phrase which it is intended to emphasize (e.g. Ac 12:3; 1 Joh 4:21). Mt 6:14 should therefore read, "Your heavenly Father will forgive you also"; Lu 6:13, "Whom also he named apostles"; Heb 8:6, "The mediator of a better covenant also"; and 1Th 4:14, `If we believe that Jesus died and rose again, so also (we believe that) those who are fallen asleep in Jesus, God will bring with Him.'
יֵשׁ (yesh) refers to being, substance, or existence. It is used to assert existence, functioning as a copula for the verb 'to be' in various forms. The word can mean 'there is' or 'there are,' and its Aramaic equivalent is אִיתַי (itay).
יֵשׁ 137 subst. being, substance, existence
substance
elsewhere (prop. as a subst. in in the st. c.), it asserts existence, and so corresponds to the verb substantive, is (are, was, were, will be), lit. the being, presence of …
base
H3426 יֵשׁ subst. being, substance, existence . substance
. elsewhere (prop. as a subst. in in the st. c.), it asserts existence, and so corresponds to the verb substantive, is (are, was, were, will be), lit. the being, presence of …
3426 yesh yaysh
perhaps from an unused root meaning to stand out, or exist;
entity; used adverbially or as a copula for the substantive
verb (1961); there is or are (or any other form of the verb to
be, as may suit the connection):--(there) are, (he, it, shall,
there, there may, there shall, there should) be, thou do, had,
hast, (which) hath, (I, shalt, that) have, (he, it, there) is,
substance, it (there) was, (there) were, ye will, thou wilt,
wouldest.
see HEBREW for 01961
יֵשׁ (yesh) — there.
1) being, existence, substance, there is or are
1a) substance
1b) existence
1c) there is or are
Aramaic equivalent: i.tay (אִיתַי "there is" H0383)
Part — PartHAcbsa
גָּאַל (ga'al) is a Hebrew verb meaning to redeem, often in the context of acting as a kinsman-redeemer. It encompasses various forms of redemption, including buying back property, marrying a relative's widow, and delivering individuals or Israel from bondage or exile. The related noun גְּאוּלַי (geulai) signifies the concept of redemption itself.
גָּאַל vb. redeem, act as kinsman
Qal
act as kinsman, do the part of next of kin
redeem, by payment of value assessed
redeem, with God as subj. implying personal relationship
H1350a גָּאַל redeem, act as kinsman .. act as kinsman, do the part of next of kin
. redeem, by payment of value assessed
. redeem, with God as subj. implying personal relationship
.. refl. redeem oneself
. pass. be redeemed
H1350b גְּאוּלַי n. abstr. redemption
1350 ga'al gaw-al'
a primitive root, to redeem (according to the Oriental law of
kinship), i.e. to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back
a relative's property, marry his widow, etc.):--X in any wise,
X at all, avenger, deliver, (do, perform the part of near,
next) kinsfolk(-man), purchase, ransom, redeem(-er), revenger.
גָּאַל (ga.al) — to redeem: redeem.
: redeem
1) to redeem, act as kinsman-redeemer, avenge, revenge, ransom, do the part of a kinsman
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to act as kinsman, do the part of next of kin, act as kinsman-redeemer
1a1a) by marrying brother's widow to beget a child for him, to redeem from slavery, to redeem land, to exact vengeance
1a2) to redeem (by payment)
1a3) to redeem (with God as subject)
1a3a) individuals from death
1a3b) Israel from Egyptian bondage
1a3c) Israel from exile
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to redeem oneself
1b2) to be redeemed
גְּאוּלַי (ge.u.lay) — redemption.
redemption
גָּאַל (ga.al) — to redeem: avenge.
: avenge
1) to redeem, act as kinsman-redeemer, avenge, revenge, ransom, do the part of a kinsman
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to act as kinsman, do the part of next of kin, act as kinsman-redeemer
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singularHVqrmsa
Redeemer
Heb. goel; i.e., one charged with the duty of restoring the rights of another and avenging his wrongs (Lev. 25:48, 49; Num. 5:8; Ruth 4:1; Job 19:25; Ps. 19:14; 78:35, etc.). This title is peculiarly applied to Christ. He redeems us from all evil by the payment of a ransom (q.v.). (See REDEMPTION.)
A name given to Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the world, because he redeems mankind from the bondage and guilt of their sins, by dying in their place, and thus paying their ransom, Mt 20:28 Ga 3:13 Eph 1:7 1Ti 2:6 Tit 2:14 1Pe 1:18,19 Re 5:9. In the law of Moses, Le 25:25,48, this title is given to one who has the right of redemption in an inheritance, especially to a near kinsman, who may redeem it from a stranger or any Jew who had bought it. Such was Boaz, who…
קָרֹב (qarowb) means 'near' and can refer to proximity in place, time, or personal relationships, including kinship. It is derived from the root meaning to approach or be allied. The term appears in various contexts, such as describing the nearest city or a neighbor, as well as in relation to God.
קָרֹב, קָרוֹב 78 adj. near;—
of city, the nearest
of pers.:
the nearest to; his neighbour.
abs.
of near relationship
near to י׳
near to י׳ in ceremon. function
of God (י׳)
of word
of time
base
H7138 קָרֹב, קָרוֹב near
7138 qarowb kaw-robe'
or qarob {kaw-robe'}; from 7126; near (in place, kindred or
time):--allied, approach, at hand, + any of kin,
kinsfold(-sman), (that is) near (of kin), neighbour, (that is)
next, (them that come) nigh (at hand), more ready, short(-ly).
see HEBREW for 07126
קָרֹב (qa.rov) — near.
1) near
1a) of place
1b) of time
1c) of personal relationship
1c1) kinship
Adj — AdjHAamsa
The Hebrew word מִן־ (*min*) is a preposition meaning 'from' or 'out of,' indicating separation or origin. It covers various uses, including temporal references, comparisons, and causal relationships. Additionally, it can denote a portion when used as a noun מֵן (*men*). The entries highlight its versatility in expressing different nuances of separation and position.
מִן־, and מִ, before יְ, prep. expressing the idea of separation, hence out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not
with verbs expressing (or implying) separation or removal
from, against
מן also, without a verb of similar significance, sometimes expresses the idea of separation, away from, far from
of position, off, on the side of, on
Out of, Gk. ἐκ, Lat. ex
Partitively
Of time—
as marking the terminus a quo, the anterior limit of a continuous period from, since
as marking the period immediately succeeding the limit after
towards, to
(וְעַד) עַד … מִן from … even to
In comparisons, beyond, above
מן is prefixed to an infin.:
with causal force, from, on account of, through
after verbs implying restraint, prevention, cessation, etc.
with a temporal force, since, after
Once as a conj. before a finite verb. that
In compounds:
base
H4480a מִן־, מִ, prep. expressing the idea of separation, hence out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not . with verbs expressing (or implying) separation or removal . from, against
. מן also, without a verb of similar significance, sometimes expresses the idea of separation, away from, far from
. of position, off, on the side of, on
. Out of, Gk. ἐκ, Lat. ex
. Partitively
. Of time— . as marking the terminus a quo, the anterior limit of a continuous period from, since
. as marking the period immediately succeeding the limit after
. towards, to
. (וְעַד) עַד … מִן from … even to
. In comparisons, beyond, above
. מן is prefixed to an infin.: . with causal force, from, on account of, through
. after verbs implying restraint, prevention, cessation, etc.
. with a temporal force, since, after
. Once as a conj. before a finite verb. that
4480 min min
or minniy {min-nee'}; or minney (constructive plural)
{min-nay'}; (Isaiah 30:11); for 4482; properly, a part of;
hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses (as
follows):--above, after, among, at, because of, by (reason
of), from (among), in, X neither, X nor, (out) of, over,
since, X then, through, X whether, with.
see HEBREW for 04482
מִן־ (min) — from.
prep
1) from, out of, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not, more than
1a) from (expressing separation), off, on the side of
1b) out of
1b1) (with verbs of proceeding, removing, expelling)
1b2) (of material from which something is made)
1b3) (of source or origin)
1c) out of, some of, from (partitively)
1d) from, since, after (of time)
1e) than, more than (in comparison)
1f) from...even to, both...and, either...or
1g) than, more than, too much for (in comparisons)
1h) from, on account of, through, because (with infinitive)
conj
2) that
Aramaic equivalent: min (מִן־ "from" H4481)
מֵן (men) — portion.
n.m.
portion
Prep | Suff — Preposition · suffixHRd/Sp1bs