1 Chronicles 11:26 — Word Study
WLCוְגִבּוֹרֵ֖י הַחֲיָלִ֑ים עֲשָׂה־ אֵל֙ אֲחִ֣י יוֹאָ֔ב אֶלְחָנָ֥ן בֶּן־ דּוֹד֖וֹ מִבֵּ֥ית לָֽחֶם׃ ס
BSANow [these were] the mighty mengibbôwr [strong warriors, valiant ones] AsahelʻĂsâhʼêl [God-made, nephew of King David] the brotherʼâch [male sibling, close relative] of JoabYôwʼâb [Jehovah is father, army general] ElhananʼElchânân [God has graciously given] sonbên [descendant, offspring] of DodoDôwdôw [beloved, uncle] ofBêyth Lechem BethlehemBêyth Lechem [house of bread, city of David]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְגִבּוֹרֵ֖י | and [the] mighty [men] of | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural construct |
| הַחֲיָלִ֑ים | strength | Particle, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| עֲשָׂה־ | Asah- | Noun proper masculine |
| אֵל֙ | -el | Noun proper masculine |
| אֲחִ֣י | [the] brother of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| יוֹאָ֔ב | Joab | Noun proper masculine |
| אֶלְחָנָ֥ן | Elhanan | Noun proper masculine |
| בֶּן־ | [the] son of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| דּוֹד֖וֹ | Dodo | Noun proper masculine |
| מִבֵּ֥ית | from Beth- | Preposition, noun proper |
| לָֽחֶם׃ ס | -lehem | Noun proper |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Now these were the mighty men: Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan son of Dodo of Bethlehem, |
| KJV | ¶ Also the valiant men of the armies were, Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Beth-lehem, |
| ASV | Also the mighty men of the armies: Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Beth-lehem, |
| YLT | And the mighty ones of the forces [are] Asahel brother of Joab, Elhanan son of Dodo of Beth-Lehem, |
| WEB | The mighty men of the armies also include Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem, |
| BBE | And these were the great men of war: Asahel, the brother of Joab, Elhanan, the son of Dodo of Beth-lehem, |
Where they part company is הַחֲיָלִ֑ים — see How Translations Differ.
The main clause introduces the subject, followed by specific individuals identified in the predicate, highlighting their importance.
5 commentators on this verse
Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott, Cambridge & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 11:26
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Mighty Men of Davidgenerated
1 Chronicles 11:26 introduces the mighty men who served King David, emphasizing their strength and valor. This verse specifically names Asahel, the brother of Joab, and Elhanan, the son of Dodo from Bethlehem, showcasing their importance among David's warriors. The context highlights the loyalty and bravery of these men, who played significant roles in David's reign, as seen in other passages like 2 Samuel 23:24.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Chronicles 27:7 | The fourth, for the fourth month, was Joab’s brother Asahel, and his son Zebadiah was commander after him. There were 24,000 men in his division. |
| 2 | 2 Samuel 2:18–23 | The three sons of Zeruiah were there: Joab, Abishai, and Asahel. Now Asahel was fleet of foot like a wild gazelle, |
| 3 | 2 Samuel 3:30 | (Joab and his brother Abishai murdered Abner because he had killed their brother Asahel in the battle at Gibeon.) |
| 4 | 2 Samuel 23:24 | Now these were members of the Thirty: Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan son of Dodo of Bethlehem, |
| 5 | 2 Samuel 21:19 | Once again there was a battle with the Philistines at Gob, and Elhanan son of Jair the Bethlehemite killed the brother of Goliath the Gittite, the shaft of whose spear was like a weaver’s beam. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — גִּבּוֹר, ve.gi.bo.Reigenerated
The word גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) denotes a mighty man or warrior, built from a root that emphasizes strength and valor. It is often used in contexts that highlight bravery and might, particularly in military settings.
In this verse, גִּבּוֹרֵי (gibborim) is in the masculine plural form, indicating a group of strong men. This aligns with the portrayal of David's warriors as exceptional fighters, reinforcing their reputation as champions in battle.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main clause of the verse is structured around the subject וְגִבּוֹרֵ֖י, and the mighty, followed by a series of noun phrases that identify specific individuals: Asahel, the brother of Joab, and Elhanan, the son of Dodo. This structure emphasizes the identity of these men as part of a larger group of warriors.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the mighty men first, which sets the stage for the introduction of their names and relationships, creating a sense of honor and recognition for their roles in David's army.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates גִּבּוֹרֵ֖י as δυνατοὶ (dunatoi), which means 'strong' or 'mighty.' This choice reflects a direct correspondence to the Hebrew meaning, maintaining the emphasis on strength.
The use of δυνάμεων for הַחֲיָלִ֑ים suggests a focus on the military aspect of these men, aligning with the overall theme of valor and strength in battle.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 11:26 lists Asahel and Elhanan as mighty men who served King David. Asahel was Joab's brother, known for his speed, while Elhanan was the son of Dodo from Bethlehem. This verse highlights the strength and valor of David's warriors.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The mighty men were a group of elite warriors who served King David, known for their bravery and strength in battle, as seen in various passages throughout the books of Samuel and Chronicles.
Asahel's name means 'God-made,' indicating a divine purpose in his life. He was known for his speed and bravery, which ultimately led to his death in battle.
Elhanan means 'God has graciously given,' reflecting a sense of divine favor. He was a chief under David and the son of Dodo.
Bethlehem, meaning 'house of bread,' is significant as it is the birthplace of King David and later becomes known as the birthplace of Jesus in the New Testament.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What qualities do you think made Asahel and Elhanan stand out among David's warriors?
- How can we apply the bravery of these mighty men in our own lives today?
- In what ways can we honor the legacy of those who have served valiantly in our communities?
- What does it mean to be a 'mighty' person in our current context?
Commentators on this verse — 5 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 11:26 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAlso the valiant men of the armies were, Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem, Also the valiant men of the armies.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 11 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments1 Chronicles 11:26 Also the valiant men of the armies [were], Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem,Ver. 26. Asahel the brother of Joab.] Joab himself is not mentioned, nor Amasa. This had lost himself for his conspiracy with Absalom, and the other for his hypocrisy and cruelty: hence some think that they were left out of this list as vile persons. See Daniel 11:21.
Read John Trapp on 1 Chronicles 11 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(10-44) X list of the warriors who helped David to win and maintain his kingdom. This catalogue answers to that of 2 Samuel 23:8-39, which, however, breaks off with Uriah the Hittite; whereas our text communicates sixteen additional names. This fact proves that the chronicler had either a fuller source, or a different recension of Samuel. The numerous variant spellings are in general mistakes of transcription.
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 11 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges26. Also the valiant men of the armies were, Asahel] Render, And the valiant men of might; Asahel. Cp. 1 Chronicles 2:16; 2 Samuel 2:18 ff; 2 Samuel 3:27. Elhanan] Called here (= 2 Samuel 23:14) “son of Dodo,” but probably to be identified with “Elhanan the son of Jair” of 1 Chronicles 20:5 (= 2 Samuel 21:19) “son of Jaare-oregim,” for “Jaare-oregim” is not to be taken as his father’s name, and the “Jair” of Chron. appears to be a corruption of “Jaare.” Elhanan was son of Dodo and belonged to a place the name of which was something like Jaare-oregim.
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 11 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bibleetc. The list of names here given corresponds generally with that in 2 Sam. 23:24-39, but presents several remarkable differences. (1) the number in Chronicles Isaiah 47; the number in Samuel Isaiah 31.
Read Albert Barnes on 1 Chronicles 11 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Now these were the mighty men: Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan son of Dodo of Bethlehem,
The mighty men of the armies also include Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem,
Now these were the mighty men: Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan son of Dodo of Bethlehem,
The mighty warriors were: Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan son of Dodo, from Bethlehem,
Tyndale line
¶ Also the valiant men of the armies were, Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Beth-lehem,
Also the mighty men of the armies: Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Beth-lehem,
Also the mighty men of the armies; Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Beth-lehem;
Also the valiant men of the armies were , Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Beth-lehem,
These also were valiant men of warre, Asahel the brother of Ioab, Elhanan the sonne of Dodo of Beth-lehem,
Strictly literal
And the valiant men of the forces were: Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem,
And the mighty ones of the forces [are] Asahel brother of Joab, Elhanan son of Dodo of Beth-Lehem,
And the mighty ones of the forces [are] Asahel brother of Joab, Elhanan son of Dodo of Beth-Lehem,
And the mighty men of the armies were, 'Assahel the brother of Joab, Elchanan the son of Dodo of Beth-lechem.
The mighty men were Asahel brother of Joab, Elhanan son of Dodo of Bethlehem,
From the Latin
Moreover the most valiant men of the army, were Asahel brother of Joab, and Elchanan the son of his uncle of Bethlehem,
Simplified
Other leading warriors were: Asahel, Joab's brother; Elhanan, son of Dodo, from Bethlehem;
And these were the great men of war: Asahel, the brother of Joab, Elhanan, the son of Dodo of Beth-lehem,
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree on the content of this verse, with 8 of the 11 words matching directly. The Septuagint's word order differs but retains the essential elements of the Hebrew text.
וְגִבּוֹרֵ֖י הַחֲיָלִ֑ים עֲשָׂה־ אֵל֙ אֲחִ֣י יוֹאָ֔ב אֶלְחָנָ֥ן בֶּן־ דּוֹד֖וֹ מִבֵּ֥ית לָֽחֶם׃ ס
8 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 11:26
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) means strong or mighty, and can refer to a powerful person, such as a warrior or chief. It is built from a root that implies strength and valor, covering meanings related to strength and bravery. The entries consistently emphasize its use to describe a strong man or mighty figure.
גִּבּוֹר 159 adj. strong, mighty
base
H1368 גִּבּוֹר strong, mighty
1368 gibbowr ghib-bore'
or (shortened) gibbor {ghib-bore'}; intensive from the same
as 1397; powerful; by implication, warrior, tyrant:--
champion, chief, X excel, giant, man, mighty (man, one),
strong (man), valiant man.
see HEBREW for 01397
גִּבּוֹר (gib.bor) — mighty man.
adj
1) strong, mighty
n m
2) strong man, brave man, mighty man
Conj | Adj — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural constructHC/Ncmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
The Hebrew word חַ֫יִל (*chayil*) encompasses meanings related to strength, efficiency, wealth, and army. It is derived from a root meaning force and can refer to physical might, moral virtue, or resources. The entries consistently highlight its application to soldiers and military forces, with no significant disagreement noted among the lexicons.
חַ֫יִל 244 n.m. strength, efficiency, wealth, army
strength, usu. physical
ability, efficiency, often involving moral worth
wealth
force, army
base
H2428 חַ֫יִל strength, efficiency, wealth, army
2428 chayil khah'-yil
from 2342; probably a force, whether of men, means or other
resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength:--able,
activity, (+) army, band of men (soldiers), company, (great)
forces, goods, host, might, power, riches, strength, strong,
substance, train, (+)valiant(-ly), valour, virtuous(-ly), war,
worthy(-ily).
see HEBREW for 02342
חַ֫יִל (cha.yil) — strength: soldiers.
: soldiers/army
1) strength, might, efficiency, wealth, army
1a) strength
1b) ability, efficiency
1c) wealth
1d) force, army
חֵילֵךְ (che.lek) — Helech.
§ Helech = "your army"
a place near Arvad and Gammad
חַ֫יִל (cha.yil) — strength.
: strong
1) strength, might, efficiency, wealth, army
1a) strength
1b) ability, efficiency
1c) wealth
1d) force, army, soldiers/army
חַ֫יִל (cha.yil) — strength: rich.
: rich/wealth
1) strength, might, efficiency, wealth, army
1a) strength
1b) ability, efficiency
1c) wealth
1d) force, army
חַ֫יִל (cha.yil) — strength: worthy.
: worthy
1) strength, might, efficiency, wealth, army
1a) strength
1b) ability, efficiency
1c) wealth
1d) force, army
HTd/Ncmpa — Particle · noun common masculine plural absoluteHTd/Ncmpa
→ A title given to Jehovah 1Sa 15:29
עֲשָׂהאֵל (Asahel) means "God-made" and refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, primarily a nephew of David and brother of Joab and Abishai. He is noted for his swiftness in battle, ultimately leading to his death at the hands of Abner. Other mentions include Levites during the reigns of Jehoshaphat and Hezekiah, and a priest during the time of Ezra.
עֲשָׂהאֵל 18 n.pr.m.
brother of Joab and Abishai
Levites
post-exil. name
base
H6214 עֲשָׂהאֵל
6214 `Asah'el as-aw-ale'
from 6213 and 410; God has made; Asahel, the name of four
Israelites:--Asahel.
see HEBREW for 06213
see HEBREW for 0410
עֲשָׂהאֵל (a.sa.h.el) — Asahel.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.2.18; his mother was Zeruiah (H6870);
brother of: Abishai (H0052) and Joab (H3097);
father of: Zebadiah (H2069K)
§ Asahel = "God-made"
1) nephew of David, son of David's sister Zeruiah, and brother of Joab and Abishai; swift of foot he was killed by Abner when he pursued him in battle and caught him
2) a Levite in the reign of king Jehoshaphat of Judah who went through the kingdom giving instruction in the law
3) a Levite in the reign of king Hezekiah of Judah in charge of the tithes and dedicated things in the temple
4) a priest, father of Jonathan, in the time of Ezra
עֲשָׂהאֵל (a.sa.h.el) — Asahel.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 2Ch.17.8
§ Asahel = "God-made"
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
עֲשָׂהאֵל (Asahel) means "God-made" and refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, primarily a nephew of David and brother of Joab and Abishai. He is noted for his swiftness in battle, ultimately leading to his death at the hands of Abner. Other mentions include Levites during the reigns of Jehoshaphat and Hezekiah, and a priest during the time of Ezra.
עֲשָׂהאֵל 18 n.pr.m.
brother of Joab and Abishai
Levites
post-exil. name
base
H6214 עֲשָׂהאֵל
6214 `Asah'el as-aw-ale'
from 6213 and 410; God has made; Asahel, the name of four
Israelites:--Asahel.
see HEBREW for 06213
see HEBREW for 0410
עֲשָׂהאֵל (a.sa.h.el) — Asahel.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.2.18; his mother was Zeruiah (H6870);
brother of: Abishai (H0052) and Joab (H3097);
father of: Zebadiah (H2069K)
§ Asahel = "God-made"
1) nephew of David, son of David's sister Zeruiah, and brother of Joab and Abishai; swift of foot he was killed by Abner when he pursued him in battle and caught him
2) a Levite in the reign of king Jehoshaphat of Judah who went through the kingdom giving instruction in the law
3) a Levite in the reign of king Hezekiah of Judah in charge of the tithes and dedicated things in the temple
4) a priest, father of Jonathan, in the time of Ezra
עֲשָׂהאֵל (a.sa.h.el) — Asahel.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 2Ch.17.8
§ Asahel = "God-made"
HNpm — Noun proper masculineHNpm
See GOD, NAMES OF.
Strength, one of the names of God, especially in poetry,
Ge 33:18-20. It is very often found in proper names, as Bethel, Daniel, Elijah, etc. Eloi, like Eli, means, My God.
אָח (ach) means 'brother' and encompasses a broad range of relationships, including literal siblings, half-brothers, and metaphorical kinship. It can refer to any male relative or compatriot, and it may also imply resemblance or reciprocal relationships. The term is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, highlighting both familial and figurative connections.
אָח 630 n.m. brother
brother, born of same mother (& father)
indef. = relative
fig. of resemblance
in phr. one … another
base
H251 אָח brother
251 'ach awkh
a primitive word; a brother (used in the widest sense of
literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance
(like 1)):--another, brother(-ly); kindred, like, other.
Compare also the proper names beginning with "Ah-" or "Ahi-".
see HEBREW for 01
אָח (ach) — brother: male-sibling.
: male-sibling
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: male-relative.
: male-relative
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: compatriot.
: compatriot
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
יוֹאָב (Yow'ab) means 'Jehovah is father' and refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, primarily Joab, the nephew of King David and commander of his army. The name is built from elements meaning 'Jehovah' and 'father.' Joab is first mentioned in 1 Samuel 26:6, and other references include genealogical mentions during and after the exile.
יוֹאָב n.pr.m. (י׳ is father)
David’s sister’s son & captain of host
a descendant of Judah
a family-name after exile
base
H3097 יוֹאָב
3097 Yow'ab yo-awb'
from 3068 and 1; Jehovah-fathered; Joab, the name of three
Israelites:--Joab.
see HEBREW for 03068
see HEBREW for 01
יוֹאָב (yo.av) — Joab.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.26.6; his mother was Zeruiah (H6870);
brother of: Abishai (H0052) and Asahel (H6214)
§ Joab = "Jehovah is father"
1) son of David's sister Zeruiah and general of David's army
2) a Judaite descendant of Kenaz
3) a post exilic family
יוֹאָב (yo.av) — Joab.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.4.14;
son of: Seraiah (H8304J)
§ Joab = "Jehovah is father"
1) son of David's sister Zeruiah and general of David's army
2) a Judaite descendant of Kenaz
3) a post exilic family
יוֹאָב (yo.av) — Joab.
A man living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at Ezr.2.6;
son of: Pahath-moab (H6355);
brother of: Jeshua (H3442I)
§ Joab = "Jehovah is father"
1) son of David's sister Zeruiah and general of David's army
2) a Judaite descendant of Kenaz
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
jo'-ab (yo'-abh, "Yahweh is father"; Ioab):
(1) Son of Zeruiah, David's sister. He was "captain of the host" (compare 2Sa 19:13) under David.
1. Joab and Abner:
(a) Joab is first introduced in the narrative of the war with Abner, who supported the claims of Ishbosheth to the throne against those of David (2Sa 2:8-3:1). The two armies met, and on Abner's suggestion a tournament took place between 12 men from each side; a general engagement follows, and in this Joab's army is victorious. Asahel, Joab's brother, is killed in his pursuit of Abner, but the latter's army is sorely pressed, and he appeals to Joab for a cessation of hostilities. Joab calls a halt, but declares that he would not cease had Abner not made his plea.
Joab
Jehovah is his father. (1.) One of the three sons of Zeruiah, David’s sister, and “captain of the host” during the whole of David’s reign (2 Sam. 2:13; 10:7; 11:1; 1 Kings 11:15). His father’s name is nowhere mentioned, although his sepulchre at Bethlehem is mentioned (2 Sam. 2:32). His two brothers were Abishai and Asahel, the swift of foot, who was killed by Abner (2 Sam. 2:13-32), whom Joab afterwards treacherously murdered (3:22-27). He afterwards led the assault at the storming of the fortress on Mount Zion, and for this service was raised to the rank of “prince of the king’s army” (2 Sam. 5:6-10;
(whose father is Jehovah), the most remarkable of the three nephews of David, the children of Zeruiah, David’s sister. (B.C. 1053-1012.) Joab first appears after David’s accession to the throne at Hebron. Abner slew in battle Asahel, the youngest brother of Joab; and when David afterward received Abner into favor, Joab treacherously murdered him. [ABNER] There was now no rival left in the way of Joab’s advancement, and at the siege of Jebus he was appointed for his prowess commander-in-chief --"captain of the host." In the wide range of wars which David undertook, Joab was the acting general. He was called by the almost regal title of "lord," (2 Samuel 11:11) "the prince of the king’s army." (1 Chronicles 27:34) In the entangled relations which grew up in David’s domestic life…
Son of Zeruiah, David’s sister, and brother of Abishai and Asahel, was the commander of David’s army during almost the whole of his reign, 2Sa 5:6-10. He was a valiant warrior, and an able general; and his great influence on public affairs was often exerted for good, as in the rebellion of Absalom, and the numbering of Israel, 2Sa 18:1-19:42 24:1-25. But as a man he was imperious, revengeful, and unscrupulous: witness his treacherous assassination of Abner, and of his cousin Amasa, 2Sa 3:27 20:9-10; his bearing towards David, 2Sa 3:39 19:5, and connivance with him in the matter of Uriah; his slaying Absalom, and conspiring with Adonijah against the divinely appointed heir to…
אֶלְחָנָן (Elchanan) means "God has been gracious" and refers to two men from the time of the United Monarchy: one is the son of Jair who fought the Gittites, and the other is the son of Dodo, a chief of David. The name is derived from the roots for God (H410) and graciousness (H2603). It is first mentioned in 2 Samuel 21:19.
אֶלְחָנָן n.pr.m. (God has been gracious) two of David’s chiefs
base
H445 אֶלְחָנָן
445 'Elchanan el-khaw-nawn'
from 410 and 2603; God (is) gracious; Elchanan, an
Israelite:--Elkanan.
see HEBREW for 0410
see HEBREW for 02603
אֶלְחָנָן (el.cha.nan) — Elhanan.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.21.19;
son of: Jaare-oregim (H3296)
§ Elhanan = "God has been gracious"
1) Jair's son who fought the Gittites
2) Dodo's son who was a chief of David
אֶלְחָנָן (el.cha.nan) — Elhanan.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.23.24;
son of: Dodo (H1734I)
§ Elhanan = "God has been gracious"
1) Jair's son who fought the Gittites
2) Dodo's son who was a chief of David
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
el-ha'-nan ('elchanan, "whom God gave"):
(1) A great warrior in the army of David who slew a Philistine giant. There is a discrepancy between 2Sa 21:19 and 1Ch 20:5. In the former passage we read, "And there was again war with the Philistines at Gob; and Elhanan, the son of Jaare-oregim the Beth-lehemite, slew Goliath the Gittite, the staff of whose spear was like a weaver's beam"; while in the latter we are told, "And there was again war with the Philistines; and Elhanan the son of Jair slew Lahmi the brother of Goliath the Gittite, the staff of whose spear was like a weaver's beam." Most modern critics prefer as the original text of the latter part of the two discrepant statements the following: "and Elhanan the son of Jair the Beth-lehemite slew Goliath the Gittite, the staff…
Elhanan
Whom God has graciously bestowed. (1.) A warrior of the time of David famed for his exploits. In the Authorized Version (2 Sam. 21:19) it is recorded that “Elhanan the son of Jaare-oregim, a Bethlehemite, slew the brother of Goliath.” The Revised Version here rightly omits the words “the brother of.” They were introduced in the Authorized Version to bring this passage into agreement with 1 Chr. 20:5, where it is said that he “slew Lahmi the brother of Goliath.” Goliath the Gittite was killed by David (1 Sam. 17). The exploit of Elhanan took place late in David’s reign.
(2.) The son of Dodo, and one of David’s warriors (2 Sam. 23:24).
(the grace of God). A distinguished warrior in the time of King David, who performed a memorable exploit against the Philistines. (2 Samuel 21:19; 1 Chronicles 20:5) (B.C. about 1020.) One of "the thirty" of David’s guard, and named first on the list. (2 Samuel 23:24; 1 Chronicles 11:26)
grace, or gift, or mercy of God
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
דּוֹדוֹ (Dowdow) means 'his beloved' and refers to a man mentioned in the Old Testament. He is identified as the father of Elhanan and Eleazar, notable figures among David's warriors, and is associated with the tribes of Issachar and Bethlehem. The name appears in contexts related to Israel's monarchy, specifically in Judges and 2 Samuel.
דּוֹדוֹ n.pr.m. (his beloved)
man of tribe of Issachar
Kt
father of אֶלְחָנָן
base
H1734 דּוֹדוֹ
1734 Dowdow do-do'
from 1730; loving; Dodo, the name of three Israelites:--Dodo.
see HEBREW for 01730
דּוֹדוֹ (do.do) — Dodo.
A man living before Israel's Monarchy, only mentioned at Jdg.10.1;
father of: Puah (H6312H)
§ Dodo = "his beloved"
1) a man of the tribe of Issachar
2) a man of Bethlehem, father of Elhanan who was one of David's 30 captains
3) an Ahohite, father of Eleazar, the second of the 3 mighty men who were over the 30
דּוֹדוֹ (do.do) — Dodo.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.23.9;
father of: Eleazar (H0499I); also called Dodai at 1Ch.27.4;
Also named: do.day (דּוֹדַי "Dodai" H1737)
§ Dodo = "his beloved"
1) a man of the tribe of Issachar
2) a man of Bethlehem, father of Elhanan who was one of David's 30 captains
3) an Ahohite, father of Eleazar, the second of the 3 mighty men who were over the 30
דּוֹדוֹ (do.do) — Dodo.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.23.24;
father of: Elhanan (H0445H)
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Dodo
Amatory; loving. (1.) A descendant of Issachar (Judg. 10:1).
(2.) An Ahohite, father of Eleazar, who was one of David’s three heroes (2 Sam. 23:9; 1 Chr. 11:12). He was the same with Dodai mentioned in 1 Chr. 27:4.
(3.) A Bethlehemite, and father of Elhanan, who was one of David’s thirty heroes (2 Sam. 23:24).
(loving). A man of Bethlehem, father of Elhanan, who was one of David’s thirty captains. (2 Samuel 23:24; 1 Chronicles 11:26) He is a different person from DODO THE AHOHITE, father of Eleazar, the second of the three mighty men who were over the thirty. (2 Samuel 23:9; 1 Chronicles 11:12) (B.C. before 1046).
his uncle
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם (Beyth Lechem) means 'house of bread' and refers to two locations in ancient Palestine: one in Judah, known as the birthplace of David, and another in Zebulun, northwest of Nazareth. The word is built from the roots for 'house' and 'bread'.
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם 41 n.pr.loc.
in Judah, 2 hours south of Jerusalem; birth-place of David
in Zeb., 7 m. NW. of Nazareth
base
H1035 בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם . in Judah, 2 hours south of Jerusalem; birth-place of David
. in Zeb., 7 m. NW. of Nazareth
1035 Beyth Lechem bayth leh'-khem
from 1004 and 3899; house of bread; Beth- Lechem, a place in
Palestine:--Beth-lehem.
see HEBREW for 01004
see HEBREW for 03899
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם (bet le.chem) — Bethlehem.
§ Beth-lehem = "house of bread (food)"
a city in Judah, birthplace of David
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם (bet le.chem) — Bethlehem.
§ Beth-lehem = "house of bread (food)"
a place in Zebulun
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun properHR/Npl
Beth
Occurs frequently as the appellation for a house, or dwelling-place, in such compounds as the words immediately following:
the most general word for a house or habitation. It has the special meaning of a temple or house of worship Beth is more frequently employed in compound names of places than any other word.
House, forms a part of many compounds names of places, and sometimes means the place or dwelling; and at others the temple. This word becomes Beit in modern Arabic.
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם (Beyth Lechem) means 'house of bread' and refers to two locations in ancient Palestine: one in Judah, known as the birthplace of David, and another in Zebulun, northwest of Nazareth. The word is built from the roots for 'house' and 'bread'.
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם 41 n.pr.loc.
in Judah, 2 hours south of Jerusalem; birth-place of David
in Zeb., 7 m. NW. of Nazareth
base
H1035 בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם . in Judah, 2 hours south of Jerusalem; birth-place of David
. in Zeb., 7 m. NW. of Nazareth
1035 Beyth Lechem bayth leh'-khem
from 1004 and 3899; house of bread; Beth- Lechem, a place in
Palestine:--Beth-lehem.
see HEBREW for 01004
see HEBREW for 03899
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם (bet le.chem) — Bethlehem.
§ Beth-lehem = "house of bread (food)"
a city in Judah, birthplace of David
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם (bet le.chem) — Bethlehem.
§ Beth-lehem = "house of bread (food)"
a place in Zebulun
N-proper — Noun properHNpl