1 Chronicles 11:39 — Word Study
WLCצֶ֖לֶק הָעַמּוֹנִ֑י נַחְרַי֙ הַבֵּ֣רֹתִ֔י נֹשֵׂ֕א כְּלֵ֖י יוֹאָ֥ב בֶּן־ צְרוּיָֽה׃ ס
BSAZelekTseleq [the Ammonite warrior] the AmmoniteʻAmmôwnîy NaharaiNachăray [from Beeroth town] the BeerothiteBêrôthîy△ the armor-bearernâsâʼ [servant who had the care of the arms, bearer of the weapons] of JoabYôwʼâb [Jehovah is father, King David's nephew] sonbên of ZeruiahTsᵉrûwyâh [balsam or fragrant oil, sister of David]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| צֶ֖לֶק | Zelek | Noun proper masculine |
| הָעַמּוֹנִ֑י | the Ammonite | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| נַחְרַי֙ | Naharai | Noun proper masculine |
| הַבֵּ֣רֹתִ֔י | the Beerothite | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| נֹשֵׂ֕א | [the] bearer | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular |
| כְּלֵ֖י | of [the] weapons of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| יוֹאָ֥ב | Joab | Noun proper masculine |
| בֶּן־ | [the] son of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| צְרוּיָֽה׃ ס | Zeruiah | Noun proper feminine |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah, |
| KJV | Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, the armourbearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah, |
| ASV | Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, the armorbearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah, |
| YLT | Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, bearer of the weapons of Joab son of Zeruiah, |
| WEB | Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite (the armor bearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah), |
| BBE | Zelek the Ammonite, and Naharai the Berothite, the servant who had the care of the arms of Joab, the son of Zeruiah; |
Where they part company is נֹשֵׂ֕א — see How Translations Differ.
The verse consists of a main clause listing warriors, with a subordinate clause describing Joab's armor-bearer role.
4 commentators on this verse
Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott, Cambridge & more — read them ›
clause
verbנָשָׂא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 9 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 11:39
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Mighty Warriors of Davidgenerated
1 Chronicles 11:39 is part of a passage that enumerates the valiant warriors who served under King David. These men were known for their bravery and loyalty, playing crucial roles in the establishment of David's kingdom. The context reveals the importance of these figures in Israel's military history, as they are celebrated for their deeds and contributions.
Cross References
The Key Word — נֹשֵׂ֕א, no.Se'generated
The Hebrew word נָשָׂא (nasa') means to lift or carry, and in this context, it refers to the role of an armor-bearer, someone who carries the weapons for a warrior. This participle form emphasizes the active role of the individual in supporting the general, Joab, during battles.
The term conveys a sense of duty and responsibility, as the armor-bearer was essential for the effectiveness of a warrior in combat. This role is not just about carrying weapons; it symbolizes loyalty and readiness to serve in the heat of battle.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main clause of the verse centers around the subject, which is a list of warriors, with the finite verb נֹשֵׂ֕א indicating the role of the armor-bearer. The structure is straightforward, listing each warrior and their respective titles or origins in a series.
Each noun phrase identifies a person, followed by their description or role, which creates a rhythm in the verse. The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the warriors' names and their identities.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates נֹשֵׂ֕א as αἴρων, meaning 'the one who lifts' or 'the bearer'. This choice suggests a focus on the action of carrying, which aligns with the role of an armor-bearer, but may also imply a broader sense of support.
This translation choice reflects a slight narrowing of the Hebrew meaning, emphasizing the physical act of bearing arms rather than the relational aspect of service.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 11:39 lists Zelek the Ammonite and Naharai the Beerothite as warriors in King David's army, highlighting their roles and origins. Zelek is noted as an Ammonite warrior, while Naharai served as Joab's armor-bearer, indicating their importance in David's military.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Zelek was an Ammonite warrior who fought for King David, mentioned in 2 Samuel 23:37.
As an armor-bearer, Naharai was responsible for carrying weapons and supporting Joab in battle.
The term Beerothite indicates Naharai's origin from Beeroth, a town mentioned in the Bible.
These warriors are celebrated for their bravery and loyalty to King David, playing crucial roles in his military campaigns.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What qualities do you think made Zelek and Naharai valuable members of David's army?
- How can the role of an armor-bearer be seen as a metaphor for support in our lives today?
- What does it mean to serve faithfully in a team or community, as these warriors did?
- How can we honor the contributions of those who support us in our own lives?
Commentators on this verse — 4 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 11:39 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryZelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, the armourbearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah, Naharai - amour-bearer to Joab (2 Samuel 23:37).
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 11 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments1 Chronicles 11:39 Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, the armourbearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah,Ver. 39. The armourbearer of Joab.] See on 1 Chronicles 11:26.
Read John Trapp on 1 Chronicles 11 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(39) Zelek the Ammonite.—Many of David’s warriors were aliens. (Comp. “Uriah the Hittite;” “Ittai the Gittite;” and “Ithmah the Moabite,” 1 Chronicles 11:46. Berothite.—Of Beeroth in Benjamin (Joshua 18:25).
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 11 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges39. the Berothite] Spelt generally “Beerothite.” Beeroth was a Benjamite town; 2 Samuel 4:2.
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 11 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah,
Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite (the armor bearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah),
Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah,
Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah,
Tyndale line
Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, the armourbearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah,
Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, the armorbearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah,
Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, the armourbearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah;
Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, the armor-bearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah,
Zelek the Ammonite, Nahrai the Berothite, the armour bearer of Ioab, the sonne of Zeruiah,
Strictly literal
Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, the armour-bearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah,
Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, bearer of the weapons of Joab son of Zeruiah,
Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, bearer of the weapons of Joab son of Zeruiah,
Zelek the 'Ammonite, Nachrai the Berothite, the armor bearer of Joab the son of Zeruyah,
Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite (the armor bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah),
From the Latin
Selec an Ammonite, Naharai a Berothite, the armourbearer of Joab the son of Sarvia.
Simplified
Zelek the Ammonite; Naharai the Beerothite; Joab's armor-bearer, son of Zeruiah;
Zelek the Ammonite, and Naharai the Berothite, the servant who had the care of the arms of Joab, the son of Zeruiah;
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of this verse, with all nine words matching in the Hebrew and Greek texts. This consistency indicates a strong preservation of the text across these traditions.
צֶ֖לֶק הָעַמּוֹנִ֑י נַחְרַי֙ הַבֵּ֣רֹתִ֔י נֹשֵׂ֕א כְּלֵ֖י יוֹאָ֥ב בֶּן־ צְרוּיָֽה׃ ס
9 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 11:39
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word צֶ֫לֶק (tseleq) refers to Zelek, an Ammonite warrior who served David. It is derived from an unused root meaning 'to split' or 'fissure.' The word is primarily associated with this individual, first mentioned in 2 Samuel 23:37.
צֶ֫לֶק n.pr.m. Ammonite hero of David
base
H6768 צֶ֫לֶק
6768 Tseleq tseh'-lek
from an unused root meaning to split; fissure; Tselek, an
Israelite:--Zelek.
צֶ֫לֶק (tse.leq) — Zelek.
A man of the Ammonites living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.23.37
§ Zelek = "fissure"
an Ammonite and a warrior for David
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Zelek
Cleft, an Ammonite; one of David’s valiant men (2 Sam. 23:37).
the shadow or noise of him that licks or laps
עַמּוֹנִי (‘Ammowniy) refers to an Ammonite, a person from the ancient region of Ammon. The word is derived from עַמּוֹן (‘Ammon), indicating tribal descent. It is used to describe both the people and their characteristics, with some sources linking it to the Meunites, a group mentioned in the Old Testament.
עַמּוֹנִי, עַמֹּנִי adj.gent. Ammonite
base
H5984 עַמּוֹנִי, עַמֹּנִי Ammonite
5984 `Ammowniy am-mo-nee'
patronymically from 5983; an Ammonite or (the adjective)
Ammonitish:--Ammonite(-s).
see HEBREW for 05983
עַמּוֹנִי (am.mo.ni) — Meunite.
Someone descended from Meunit(?) of the Canaanites, first mentioned at 1Ch.4.41
Group of me.u.ni (מְעוּנִים "Meunite" H4586)
§ Ammonite, of Ammon "tribal"
descendants of Ammon and inhabitants of Ammon
עַמּוֹנִי (am.mo.ni) — Ammon.
Someone from Ammon, Ammonite, of Ammon "tribal"
descendants of Ammon and inhabitants of Ammon
Another name of am.mon (עַמּוֹן "Ammon" H5983)
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
Ammonite
The usual name of the descendants of Ammon, the son of Lot (Gen. 19:38). From the very beginning (Deut. 2:16-20) of their history till they are lost sight of (Judg. 5:2), this tribe is closely associated with the Moabites (Judg. 10:11; 2 Chr. 20:1; Zeph. 2:8). Both of these tribes hired Balaam to curse Israel (Deut. 23:4). The Ammonites were probably more of a predatory tribe, moving from place to place, while the Moabites were more settled. They inhabited the country east of the Jordan and north of Moab and…
נַחֲרַי (Naharai) refers to a man mentioned in the context of David's mighty warriors, specifically noted as Joab's armor bearer. The name is derived from a root meaning 'snorer.' He is first mentioned in 2 Samuel 23:37.
נַחֲרַי n.pr.m. one of David’s heroes
base
H5171 נַחֲרַי
5171 Nacharay nakh-ar-ah'-ee
or Nachray {nakh-rah'-ee}; from the same as 5170; snorer;
Nacharai or Nachrai, an Israelite:--Naharai, Nahari.
see HEBREW for 05170
נַחֲרַי (na.cha.ray) — Naharai.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.23.37
§ Naharai = "snorter"
one of David's mighty warriors and the armour bearer of Joab
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Naharai
Snorer, a Berothite, one of David’s heroes, and armour-bearer of Joab (1 Chr. 11:39).
(snorter) the armor-bearer of Joab, called NAHARI in the Authorized Version of (2 Samuel 23:37) He was a native of Beeroth. (1 Chronicles 11:39) (B.C. 1013.)
my nostrils; hot; anger
בְאֵרֹתִי (Berothiy) refers to an inhabitant of Berothai, derived from the root meaning 'wells.' It is an adjective used in a gentilic sense, indicating a connection to the place Beeroth. The term appears in the context of the Old Testament, specifically linked to the location of Beroth.
בְאֵרֹתִי adj.gent. always c. art.
base
H1307 בְאֵרֹתִי
1307 Berothiy bay-ro-thee'
patrial from 1268; a Berothite, or inhabitant of
Berothai:--Berothite.
see HEBREW for 01268
בֵּרֹתִי (be.ro.ti) — Beeroth.
Berothite = "my wells"
an inhabitant of Berothah
Another spelling of be.e.rot (בְּאֵרוֹת "Beeroth" H0881)
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
The Hebrew word נָשָׂא (nasa') means to lift, carry, or take, encompassing a wide range of applications both literal and figurative. It can refer to actions like bearing burdens, taking away, or being exalted. The entries indicate various forms and uses, including the ability to lift oneself up or cause others to bear iniquity. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
נָשָׂא 656 vb. lift, carry, take
Qal
lift, lift up
Bear, carry
Take, take away
Niph.
be lifted up
refl. lift oneself up = rise up, of י׳, to display power in judgment
be borne, carried
be taken away, carried off
Pi.
lift up = exalt
fig. = desire, long
carry, bear continuously
take, take away
Hithp. lift oneself up
Hiph.
cause one to bear iniquity
appar. cause to bring, have brought
base
H5375 נָשָׂא lift, carry, take .. lift, lift up
. Bear, carry
. Take, take away
. . be lifted up
. refl. lift oneself up = rise up, of י׳, to display power in judgment
. be borne, carried
. be taken away, carried off
. . lift up = exalt
. fig. = desire, long
. carry, bear continuously
. take, take away
. lift oneself up
. . cause one to bear iniquity
. appar. cause to bring, have brought
5375 nasa' naw-saw'
or nacah (Psalm 4 : 6 (7)) {naw-saw'}; a primitive root; to
lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and
figurative, absol. and rel. (as follows):--accept, advance,
arise, (able to, (armor), suffer to) bear(-er, up), bring
(forth), burn, carry (away), cast, contain, desire, ease,
exact, exalt (self), extol, fetch, forgive, furnish, further,
give, go on, help, high, hold up, honorable (+ man), lade,
lay, lift (self) up, lofty, marry, magnify, X needs, obtain,
pardon, raise (up), receive, regard, respect, set (up), spare,
stir up, + swear, take (away, up), X utterly, wear, yield.
see HEBREW for 04
see HEBREW for 06
see HEBREW for 07
נָשָׂא (na.sa) — to lift: raise.
: raise/take_up
1) to lift, bear up, carry, take
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lift, lift up
1a2) to bear, carry, support, sustain, endure
1a3) to take, take away, carry off, forgive
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be lifted up, be exalted
1b2) to lift oneself up, rise up
1b3) to be borne, be carried
1b4) to be taken away, be carried off, be swept away
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to lift up, exalt, support, aid, assist
1c2) to desire, long (fig.)
1c3) to carry, bear continuously
1c4) to take, take away
1d) (Hithpael) to lift oneself up, exalt oneself
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to cause one to bear (iniquity)
1e2) to cause to bring, have brought
נָשָׂא (na.sa) — to lift: bear.
: look/lift(eyes)
1) to lift, bear up, carry, take
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lift, lift up
1a2) to bear, carry, support, sustain, endure
1a3) to take, take away, carry off, forgive
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be lifted up, be exalted
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singularHVqrmsa
כְּלִי (kliy) refers to an article or utensil, encompassing a wide range of objects such as vessels, tools, and implements used for various purposes, including music and warfare. It is derived from a root meaning 'to prepare' and can denote anything from furniture to weapons. The entries highlight its general use in the Old Testament without significant disagreement among lexicons.
כְּלִי 324 n.m. article, utensil, vessel
base
H3627 כְּלִי article, utensil, vessel
3627 kliy kel-ee'
from 3615; something prepared, i.e. any apparatus (as an
implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon):--armour
((-bearer)), artillery, bag, carriage, + furnish, furniture,
instrument, jewel, that is made of, X one from another, that
which pertaineth, pot, + psaltery, sack, stuff, thing, tool,
vessel, ware, weapon, + whatsoever.
see HEBREW for 03615
כְּלִי (ke.li) — article/utensil.
1) article, vessel, implement, utensil
1a) article, object (general)
1b) utensil, implement, apparatus, vessel
1b1) implement (of hunting or war)
1b2) implement (of music)
1b3) implement, tool (of labour)
1b4) equipment, yoke (of oxen)
1b5) utensils, furniture
1c) vessel, receptacle (general)
1d) vessels (boats) of paper-reed
HNcmpc — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
יוֹאָב (Yow'ab) means 'Jehovah is father' and refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, primarily Joab, the nephew of King David and commander of his army. The name is built from elements meaning 'Jehovah' and 'father.' Joab is first mentioned in 1 Samuel 26:6, and other references include genealogical mentions during and after the exile.
יוֹאָב n.pr.m. (י׳ is father)
David’s sister’s son & captain of host
a descendant of Judah
a family-name after exile
base
H3097 יוֹאָב
3097 Yow'ab yo-awb'
from 3068 and 1; Jehovah-fathered; Joab, the name of three
Israelites:--Joab.
see HEBREW for 03068
see HEBREW for 01
יוֹאָב (yo.av) — Joab.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.26.6; his mother was Zeruiah (H6870);
brother of: Abishai (H0052) and Asahel (H6214)
§ Joab = "Jehovah is father"
1) son of David's sister Zeruiah and general of David's army
2) a Judaite descendant of Kenaz
3) a post exilic family
יוֹאָב (yo.av) — Joab.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.4.14;
son of: Seraiah (H8304J)
§ Joab = "Jehovah is father"
1) son of David's sister Zeruiah and general of David's army
2) a Judaite descendant of Kenaz
3) a post exilic family
יוֹאָב (yo.av) — Joab.
A man living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at Ezr.2.6;
son of: Pahath-moab (H6355);
brother of: Jeshua (H3442I)
§ Joab = "Jehovah is father"
1) son of David's sister Zeruiah and general of David's army
2) a Judaite descendant of Kenaz
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
jo'-ab (yo'-abh, "Yahweh is father"; Ioab):
(1) Son of Zeruiah, David's sister. He was "captain of the host" (compare 2Sa 19:13) under David.
1. Joab and Abner:
(a) Joab is first introduced in the narrative of the war with Abner, who supported the claims of Ishbosheth to the throne against those of David (2Sa 2:8-3:1). The two armies met, and on Abner's suggestion a tournament took place between 12 men from each side; a general engagement follows, and in this Joab's army is victorious. Asahel, Joab's brother, is killed in his pursuit of Abner, but the latter's army is sorely pressed, and he appeals to Joab for a cessation of hostilities. Joab calls a halt, but declares that he would not cease had Abner not made his plea.
Joab
Jehovah is his father. (1.) One of the three sons of Zeruiah, David’s sister, and “captain of the host” during the whole of David’s reign (2 Sam. 2:13; 10:7; 11:1; 1 Kings 11:15). His father’s name is nowhere mentioned, although his sepulchre at Bethlehem is mentioned (2 Sam. 2:32). His two brothers were Abishai and Asahel, the swift of foot, who was killed by Abner (2 Sam. 2:13-32), whom Joab afterwards treacherously murdered (3:22-27). He afterwards led the assault at the storming of the fortress on Mount Zion, and for this service was raised to the rank of “prince of the king’s army” (2 Sam. 5:6-10;
(whose father is Jehovah), the most remarkable of the three nephews of David, the children of Zeruiah, David’s sister. (B.C. 1053-1012.) Joab first appears after David’s accession to the throne at Hebron. Abner slew in battle Asahel, the youngest brother of Joab; and when David afterward received Abner into favor, Joab treacherously murdered him. [ABNER] There was now no rival left in the way of Joab’s advancement, and at the siege of Jebus he was appointed for his prowess commander-in-chief --"captain of the host." In the wide range of wars which David undertook, Joab was the acting general. He was called by the almost regal title of "lord," (2 Samuel 11:11) "the prince of the king’s army." (1 Chronicles 27:34) In the entangled relations which grew up in David’s domestic life…
Son of Zeruiah, David’s sister, and brother of Abishai and Asahel, was the commander of David’s army during almost the whole of his reign, 2Sa 5:6-10. He was a valiant warrior, and an able general; and his great influence on public affairs was often exerted for good, as in the rebellion of Absalom, and the numbering of Israel, 2Sa 18:1-19:42 24:1-25. But as a man he was imperious, revengeful, and unscrupulous: witness his treacherous assassination of Abner, and of his cousin Amasa, 2Sa 3:27 20:9-10; his bearing towards David, 2Sa 3:39 19:5, and connivance with him in the matter of Uriah; his slaying Absalom, and conspiring with Adonijah against the divinely appointed heir to…
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
צְרוּיָה (Tsruwyah) refers to Zeruiah, a woman from the time of the United Monarchy, known as the sister of David and mother of three of his notable warriors: Abishai, Joab, and Asahel. The name is derived from a term meaning 'wounded' and is associated with the Hebrew word for balsam.
צְרוּיָה n.pr.f. mother of Abishai, Joab and Asahel
base
H6870 צְרוּיָה
6870 Tsruwyah tser-oo-yaw'
feminine passive participle from the same as 6875; wounded;
Tserujah, an Israelitess:--Zeruiah.
see HEBREW for 06875
צְרוּיָה (tse.ru.yah) — Zeruiah.
A woman living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.26.6;
daughter of: Jesse (H3448) and Nahash (H5176I);
sister of: David (H1732), Eliab (H0446I), Abinadab (H0041I), Nethanel (H5417H), Raddai (H7288), Ozem (H0684), Abigail (H0026H)(?) and Elihu (H0453J), Shimeah (H8093)
§ Zeruiah = "balsam"
sister of David and mother of the 3 leading heroes of David's army-Abishai, Joab, and Asahel
N-proper — Noun proper feminineHNpf
ze-roo-i'-a, ze-roo'-ya (tseruyah, tseruyah (2Sa 14:1; 16:10), meaning uncertain; Sarouia): In 2Sa 2:18; 17:25; 1Ch 2:16, and elsewhere where the names Joab, Abishai, occur. According to 1Ch 2:16 a sister of David and mother of Joab, Abishai and Asahel, the two former being always referred to as sons of Zeruiah. This latter fact is explained by some as pointing to a type of marriage by which the children belonged to their mother's clan (compare Abimelech, Jud 8:31; 9:1 ff); by others as being due to her husband's early death; and again as a proof of the mother in this case being the stronger personality. Either of the…
Zeruiah
Stricken of the Lord, David’s sister, and the mother of Abishai, Joab, and Asahel (1 Chr. 2:16), who were the three leading heroes of David’s army, and being his nephews, they were admitted to the closest companionship with him.
(balsam), the mother of the three leading heroes of David’s army --Abishai, Joah and Asahel-- known as the "sons of Zeruiah." Of Zeruiah’s husband there is no mention in the Bible. (B.C. before 1046.)
Sister of David, and mother of his famous generals, Joab, Abishai, and Asahel, 1Ch 2:16. Her husband is unknown.