Acts 16:8 — Word Study
N1904παρελθόντες δὲ τὴν Μυσίαν κατέβησαν εἰς Τρῳάδα.
BSAhaving passed byparerchomai▸ [going past, bypassing] thende <the>ho MysiaMusia [a region in Asia Minor] they came downkatabainō▸ [came down, descended] toeis Troas.Trōas [a city in Asia Minor, near the Hellespont]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| παρελθόντες | having passed by | Verb, second aorist, active |
| δὲ | then | Conjunction |
| τὴν | <the> | Article, accusative, singular |
| Μυσίαν | Mysia | Noun, accusative, singular |
| κατέβησαν | they came down | Verb, second aorist, active |
| εἰς | to | Preposition |
| Τρῳάδα. | Troas. | Noun, accusative, singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | So they passed by Mysia and went down to Troas. |
| KJV | And they passing by Mysia came down to Troas. |
| ASV | and passing by Mysia, they came down to Troas. |
| YLT | and having passed by Mysia, they came down to Troas. |
| WEB | Passing by Mysia, they came down to Troas. |
| BBE | And going past Mysia, they came down to Troas. |
Where they part company is παρελθόντες and κατέβησαν — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence consists of two main clauses connected by a conjunction, illustrating a straightforward narrative flow.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectπαρέρχομαι
verbπαρέρχομαι
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the New Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — ὁ, the commonest word in the Greek New Testament, stands 19,867 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Acts 16:8
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Paul's Missionary Journeygenerated
Acts 16:8 describes how Paul and his companions, after being prevented from entering Bithynia, passed by the region of Mysia and proceeded to Troas. This movement is part of their broader missionary journey, highlighting the guidance of the Holy Spirit in their travels. The surrounding verses emphasize the challenges they faced and the divine direction they received, leading to significant events in the spread of the Gospel.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acts 16:11 | We sailed from Troas straight to Samothrace, and the following day on to Neapolis. |
| 2 | Acts 20:5 | These men went on ahead and waited for us in Troas. |
| 3 | 2 Corinthians 2:12 | Now when I went to Troas to preach the gospel of Christ and a door stood open for me in the Lord, |
| 4 | 2 Timothy 4:13 | When you come, bring the cloak that I left with Carpus at Troas, and my scrolls, especially the parchments. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — παρέρχομαι, parerchomaigenerated
The word παρελθόντες is a second aorist active participle of παρέρχομαι, meaning 'to pass by.' It conveys the idea of moving past something intentionally, without stopping. This term appears in various contexts in the New Testament, often indicating a transition or movement.
In this verse, it signifies the apostles' decision to bypass Mysia, suggesting a deliberate choice in their journey. The participle form indicates that this action is concurrent with the main verb, showing the flow of their travel narrative.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The verse is rendered in the Berean Standard Bible as 'So they passed by Mysia and went down to Troas.' Other translations like the KJV and ASV also convey a similar meaning, using 'passing by' and 'came down' respectively.
Where the translations differ is in the rendering of the Greek words. For παρελθόντες, the BBE uses 'going past,' while the YLT retains 'having passed by.' For κατέβησαν, the BSB and NETB use 'went down,' while the KJV opts for 'came down.'
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse contains two main verbs: παρελθόντες, having passed by, and κατέβησαν, they came down. The first verb introduces the action of bypassing Mysia, while the second verb indicates their descent into Troas.
The structure shows a clear sequence of actions: first, they pass by a location, and then they proceed to another. This reflects the narrative style of Greek prose, where actions are often presented in a straightforward manner.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
παρέρχομαι has a parallel in the Hebrew word עָבַר (H5674), which means 'to pass over' or 'to pass by.' This connection shows continuity in the concept of movement across texts, as seen in the Septuagint.
The use of καταβαίνω also finds resonance in the Hebrew יָרַד (H3381), which means 'to come down.' Both terms indicate physical movement and have been used in similar contexts in both the Old and New Testaments.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Acts 16:8 tells us that Paul and his companions passed by the region of Mysia and went down to Troas. This journey is part of their mission to spread the Gospel, and it shows how they were guided by the Holy Spirit in their travels.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
They were prevented by the Spirit of Jesus from entering Bithynia, leading them to pass by Mysia and continue to Troas.
Troas served as a key location for Paul's missionary activities, where he received a vision that directed him to Macedonia.
The decision to bypass Mysia and go to Troas indicates the active role of the Holy Spirit in directing the apostles' missionary efforts.
It suggests a deliberate choice to move past a region, indicating that the apostles were following a specific path set before them.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How have I experienced guidance in my own life, similar to Paul and his companions?
- What steps can I take to be more attuned to the direction of the Holy Spirit in my decisions?
- In what ways can I support the mission of spreading the Gospel in my community?
- How can I learn to recognize and respond to divine opportunities as Paul did in Troas?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Acts 16:8 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd they passed by Mysia,.... Without stopping or staying there, though they came to it: came down to Troas; either the country of Troas, as the Syriac version renders it; which, according to Solinus
Read John Gill on Acts 16 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd they passing by Mysia came down to Troas. And they passing by Mysia , [ Parelthontes (G3928)] - or 'going through' it without stopping, Came down to Troas - a city on the northeast coast of the
Read Robert Jamieson on Acts 16 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleEither the relics of the famous city of Troy, or the country thereabouts, in which the city of Antigonia was built.
Read Matthew Poole on Acts 16 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments8 And they passing by Mysia came down to Troas. Ver. 8. Came down to Troas] The relics of old Troy, called also Antigonia and Alexandria, as Pliny testifieth.
Read John Trapp on Acts 16 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(8) Came down to Troas.—Their travels had at last led them to the coast, and they looked out upon the waters of the Ægean. The town of Alexandria Troas, at this time reckoned as a Roman colony and a free city, recalls to our memories, without entering into vexed questions as to its identity with the site of the older Troy, the great poem which tells us the tale of Ilium. To St. Paul that poem was probably unknown, and had it been otherwise, the associations connected with it would have had no charms for him. The question which must have occupied all his thoughts was, where he was next to proclaim the glad tidings of the Christ, and of forgiveness and peace through Him. That question, we may…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Acts 16 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 8. Came down to Troas.] The Troad, or part of Phrygia Minor in which the celebrated city of Troy was formerly situated. This city was first built by Dardanus, who was its king, and from whom it was called Dardania; from Tros, his grandson, it was called Troja, or Troy; and from his son, Ilus, it was called Ilium. It has been long so completely destroyed that no ascertainable vestige of it remains; insomuch that some have even doubted of its existence. Those who contend for the reality of the history of Troy suppose it to have stood on the site of the modern village Bounarbachi, about twelve miles from the sea, on an eminence, at the termination of a spacious plain.
Read AdamClarke on Acts 16 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges8. And they passing by Mysia] i.e. without preaching in that district, which was a part of Proconsular Asia, where they were not permitted to preach.came down to Troas] The well-known seaport on the coast of Mysia.
Read Cambridge on Acts 16 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleCame down to Troas - This was a city of Phrygia or Mysia, on the Hellespont, between Troy north, and Assos south.
Read Albert Barnes on Acts 16 →The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
So they passed by Mysia and went down to Troas.
Passing by Mysia, they came down to Troas.
So they passed by Mysia and went down to Troas.
so they passed through Mysia and went down to Troas.
Tyndale line
And they passing by Mysia came down to Troas.
and passing by Mysia, they came down to Troas.
and passing by Mysia, they came down to Troas.
And they, passing by Mysia, came down to Troas.
Therefore they passed through Mysia, and came downe to Troas,
Strictly literal
and having passed by Mysia they descended to Troas.
and having passed by Mysia, they came down to Troas.
and having passed by Mysia, they came down to Troas.
So passing by Mysia, they came down to the city of Troas.
From the Latin
And when they had passed through Mysia, they went down to Troas.
Simplified
So they passed by Mysia and went down to Troas.
And going past Mysia, they came down to Troas.
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the Nestle 1904 treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The earliest translations — Latin and Syriac
Every translation is an argument about meaning made by someone who had to commit to one. These two were made while the Greek was still a living language, and they are the oldest opinions we have about what this verse says.
Cum autem pertransissent Mysiam, descenderunt Troadem :
Jerome revised the Old Latin against the Greek from AD 382; the Latin west read this text for a thousand years.
ܘܟܕ ܢܦܩܘ ܡܢ ܡܘܣܝܐ ܢܚܬܘ ܠܗܘܢ ܠܛܪܘܐܣ ܐܬܪܐ
The Bible of the Syriac-speaking church, in the language nearest to the Aramaic Jesus spoke.
Shown verse by verse rather than word by word: aligning a Greek word to its Latin or Syriac counterpart automatically would be guesswork, and a wrong alignment is worse than none.
The Greek editions compared — what the manuscripts actually say
Eight printed editions of the Greek New Testament, side by side. Where they agree the wording is settled; where a word is missing from an edition it is marked, so you can see the difference rather than take it on trust.
παρελθόντες δὲ τὴν Μυσίαν κατέβησαν εἰς Τρῳάδα.
The standard critical text of the New Testament.
παρελθόντες δὲ τὴν Μυσίαν κατέβησαν εἰς Τρῳάδα.
The previous edition, still widely cited.
παρελθόντες δὲ τὴν Μυσίαν κατέβησαν εἰς Τρῳάδα.
The Society of Biblical Literature edition, freely licensed.
παρελθόντες δὲ τὴν Μυσίαν κατέβησαν εἰς Τρῳάδα.
The edition that turned scholarship toward the earliest manuscripts.
παρελθόντες δὲ τὴν Μυσίαν κατέβησαν εἰς Τρῳάδα.
An independent critical text built from the oldest witnesses then known.
παρελθόντες δὲ τὴν Μυσίαν κατέβησαν εἰς Τρῳάδα.
A recent critical edition following documentary evidence closely.
παρελθόντες δὲ τὴν Μυσίαν κατέβησαν εἰς Τρῳάδα.
The reading of the majority of surviving manuscripts.
παρελθόντες δὲ τὴν Μυσίαν κατέβησαν εἰς Τρῳάδα.
The printed tradition behind the King James Version.
A witness that read differently would show its variant word here, marked.
Word by word, across the editions
Every edition agrees. All 8 printed editions — Nestle-Aland 28, Nestle-Aland 27, SBLGNT, Westcott-Hort, Tregelles, Tyndale House 2017, Textus Receptus (KJV), Byzantine majority — carry every word of this verse, in the same order, with no difference that any translator would render differently.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Greek New Testament — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Acts 16:8
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Greek lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. Imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, the full Liddell-Scott-Jones, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate LSJ, Robinson and Packard on the Greek, Webster and Cawdrey on the English the translators were using. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Greek word παρέρχομαι (i.e., *parerchomai*) is built from the components meaning 'to come near' and 'to go.' It covers a range of meanings including to pass by, to neglect, to perish, and to arrive. In the New Testament, it appears in contexts such as passing by people (Luke 18:37) and the passing of time (Acts 27:9).
παρ-έρχομαι ; fut. παρελεύσομαι ; pf. παρελήλυθα ; 2 aor. παρῆλθον, 3 pers. impv. παρελθάτω (Mt. xxvi. 39 L T Tr WH; see ἀπέρχομαι, init.) ; fr. Hom. down; Sept. mostly for 73); 1. (παρά past [ef. rapa, IV. 1]) to go past, pass by ; a. prop. a. of persons moving forward: to pass by, absol. Lk. xviii. 37; τινά, to go past one, Mk. vi.48; w.an ace. of place, Acts xvi. 8 (Hom. Il. 8, 239; Xen. an. 4, 2,12; Plat. Ale. 1 p. 123 b.); διὰ τῆς ὁδοῦ ἐκείνης, Mt. viii. 28. B. of time: Mt. xiv. 15; 6 mapeληλυθὼς χρόνος [ A. V. the time past], 1 Pet. iv. 3, (Soph., Isoer., Xen., Plat., Dem., al.); of an act continuing for a time [viz. the Fast], Acts xxvii. 9. (τὰ παρελθόντα and τὰ ἐπιόντα are distinguished in Ael. v. h. 14, 6.) b. metaph. a. fo pass away, perish: ὡς ἄνθος, Jas. i. 10 ; ὁ οὐρανός, Mt. v. 18; xxiv. 35; Mk. xiii. 31; Lk. xvi. 17; xxi. 33; 2 Pet. iii, 10; Rev. xxi. 1 Rec.; ἡ γενεὰ…
Read the full entry →παρέρχομαι (parerchomai) — to pass by.
παρέρχομαι
(the other moods of the present, and the imperfect (παρήρχοντο is found in [Refs 4th c.AD+]future, are borrowed from πάρειμι (εῖμι ibo), compare ἔρχομαι): aorist παρῆλθον, infinitive -ελθεῖν, more rarely -ήλῠθον[Refs 3rd c.BC+]:—go by, beside, or past, pass by, of a ship, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; of birds, [Refs]; of persons, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; [παρῆλθεν ὁ κίνδυνος] ὥσπερ νέφος passed away, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
2. of Time, pass, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ παρελθὼν χρόνος time past, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ π. ἄροτος the past season, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ὁδοί wanderings now gone by, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν τῷ παρελθόντι χρόνῳ in time past, of old, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ παρεληλυθότα past events, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὸ παρελθόν, opposed to τὸ μέλλον, [Refs 4th…
παρέρχομαι
parerchomai
from 3844 and 2064; to come near or aside, i.e. to approach (arrive),
go by (or away), (figuratively) perish or neglect, (causative)
avert:--come (forth), go, pass (away, by, over), past, transgress.
see GREEK for 3844
see GREEK for 2064
παρέρχομαι
v.
I pass by
παρέρχομαι parerchomai 29x
to pass beside, pass along, pass by, Mt. 8:28; Mk. 6:48; to pass, elapse, as time, Mt. 14:15; Acts 27:19; to pass away, be removed, Mt. 26:39, 42; Mk. 14:35; met. to pass away, disappear, vanish, perish, Mt. 5:18; 24:34, 35; to become vain, be rendered void, Mt. 5:18; Mk. 13:31; trans. to pass by, disregard, neglect, Read the full entry →
παρέρχομαι aor2 -ῆλθον inf. -ελθεῖν rarely -ήλυ^θον Dep.:— to go by, beside or past, to pass by, pass, Od.; παρῆλθεν ὁ κίνδυνος ὥσπερ νέφος passed away, Dem.
of Time, to pass, Hdt.; ὁ παρελθὼν ἄροτος the past season, Soph.; π. ὁδοί wanderings now gone by, id. Soph.; ἐν τῷ παρελθόντι in time past, of old, Xen.; τὰ παρεληλυθότα past events, Dem.
to pass by, outstrip, Hom., Theogn., attic; τοὺς λόγους τὰ ἔργα παρέρχεται Dem.
to outwit, escape, elude, Il., Hdt., Eur.
to arrive at, π. εἰς . . Hes.
to pass in, ἐς τὴν αὐλήν Hdt.; π. ἔσω or εἴσω to go into a house, etc., Trag.; c. acc., π. δόμους Eur.
to pass without heeding, τεὸν βωμόν Il.: to pass by, pass over, disregard, slight, θεούς Eur.
Verb-2AAP-NPM — Verb · second aorist · active · participle · nominative · plural · masculinenominative — the one doing it — the subject.
Agrees with anything else marked plural masculine.
V-2AAP-NPM Part of Speech: Verb Tense: second Aorist Voice: Active Mood: Participle Case: Nominative Number: Plural Gender: Masculine
In the sense of "against" which survives only in dialectal English (compare Wright, Dialect Dict., I, 470, for examples) is the King James Version rendering of the dative emauto of 1Co 4:4 (the American Standard Revised Version renders this "against"). In classical Greek the same idiom sunoida with dative = "be conscious" or "be cognizant of" a thing.
By
In the expression “by myself” (A.V., 1 Cor. 4:4), means, as rendered in the Revised Version, “against myself.”
30 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 19 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 29 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 65 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
οἱ δ’ αὖ κυβερνῆται πρὸς τὸ τῆς νεὼς ἔσχατον χωρίον πρύμναν παρελθόντες πάντων ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν εἰσιν ἄριστοι τῶν ἐμπλεόντων, ἅτε τῆς νεὼς καὶ τῶν ἐν αὐτῇ τὴν σωτηρίαν ἐν χερσὶ ταῖς αὑτῶν ἔχοντες.
τραφεὶς γὰρ οὗτος καὶ παρελθὼν εἰς ἡλικίαν ἤδη καλὰ κρίνειν δυναμένην καὶ γενόμενος αὐτὸς ἄριστος μιμητὰς τῶν αὐτῶν τοὺς ἀπογόνους κατέλιπεν.
καὶ πάλιν λέγει: Εἶδον ἀσεβῆ ὑπερυψούμενον καὶ ἐπαιρόμενον ὡς τὰς κέδρους τοῦ Λιβάνου: καὶ παρῆλθον, καὶ ἰδοὺ οὐκ ἦν, καὶ ἐξεζήτησα τὸν τόπον αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐχ εὗρον.
γίνου, τὸ πολὺ γὰρ ἢ αὔριον ἢ εἰς τρίτην αὐτὰ ἀποφέρω · ἐὰν δὲ παρέλθῃ ἡ πορεία, προσδέχου με ἐκεῖ. ἔρρωσο, τιμιώτατε
υτον … ς τι κολλητίων ἐγένετο τοῦ … δίχα τινὸς ἁπλῶς μέμψεως παρελθὼν … … α ειδ … ἀξιοῦμεν μηδὲν ἐκ τῆς … καὶ Τούρβων εἶπεν· μέμνημαι
τῷ καὶ τὰς ἡμέρας τὰς νενομισμένας, δεῖ γὰρ παρὰ τὸν … λέγειν τὰ ἀληθῆ, παρεληλυθέναι ἀλλὰ ἐπιστάλματι χρησάμενος ἐνέτυχον … τῇ κρατίστῃ βουλῇ διὰ τοῦ ἐνάρχου πρυτάνεως Ἀθηναίου
δέ (de) is a post-positive particle in Greek, primarily used as a conjunction to connect clauses. It can express contrast (but, on the other hand) or continuation (and, also), and is often used to transition between ideas or to add emphasis. In the New Testament, it appears frequently in various contexts, such as contrasting statements or resuming interrupted discourse, with notable examples in Matthew and 2 Corinthians.
δέ (before vowels δ’; on the general neglect of the elision in NT, v. WH, App., 146; Tdf., Pr., 96),
post-positive conjunctive particle;
copulative, but, in the next place, and, now (Abbott, JG, 104): Mt 1:2ff., II Co 6:15, 16, II Pe 1:5-7; in repetition for emphasis, Ro 3:21, 22, 9:30, I Co 2:6, Ga 2:2, Phl 2:8; in transition to something new, Mt 1:18 2:19, Lk 13:1, Jo 7:14, Ac 6:1, Read the full entry →
δέ (related to δή, as μέν to μήν, ef. Klotz ad Devar. ii. 2 p. 355), a particle adversative, distinctive, disjunctive, but, moreover, (W.§ 53, 7 and 10, 2); it is much more freq. in the historical parts of the N. T. than in the other books, very rare in the Epp. of John and the Apocalypse. {On its general neglect of elision (when the next word begins with a vowel) cf. Tdf. Proleg. p. 96; WH. App. Ῥ 146; W.§5,1a.; B. p.10sq.] It is used ἘΠ ΟἹ δὲ univ. by way of opposition and distinction; it is added to statements opp. to a preceding statement: ἐὰν yap ἀφῆτε... ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ἀφῆτε, Mt. vi. 14 sq.; ἐὰν de ὁ ὀφθαλμὸς κτλ. Mt. vi. 23; ἐλεύσονται δὲ ἡμέραι, Mk. ii. 20; it opposes persons to persons or things previously mentioned or thought of, —either with strong emphasis: ἐγὼ δέ, Mt. v. 22, 28, 32, 34, 39,44; ἡμεῖς de, 1 Co. i. 23; 2 Co. x. 13; σὺ δέ, Mt. vi. 6; ὑμεῖς δέ, Mk. viii. 29; of δὲ…
Read the full entry →δεῖ. For the conjunctive, as in Mt 26%, cf. P Fay 109° (early i/A.D.) ἐάν σε δῇ (for δέῃ) τὸ εἱμάτιόν σου θεῖναι ἐνέχυρον. “even if you have to pawn your cloak” (Edd.). In P Tebt I. 585° (B.c. 111) we have ἐάν followed by the indicative— ἐὰν δεῖ σε συνπεσεῖν τῶι ᾿Ανικήτωι, σύνπεσαι, ‘if you must meet Anicetus, meet him” (Edd.): cf. Mayser G7. p. 325. Other examples of the verb are l’ Par 461® (B.C. 153) διὸ Kal ἡγούμενος δεῖν ἐπ᾿ ἄλλου μὲν μηθενὸς αὐτῶι διακριθῆναι» P Lille I. 267 (iii.B.c.) περὶ (corr. from πεερὶ) δὲ τούτου τοῦ μέρους δεήσει ἐπισχεῖν, P Tebt 11. 3414 (A.p. 140-1) δεήσι ἐπισταλῆναι εἰς δάνε[ι]α σπέρματα κατασπίο]ρᾶς KTA., “ΕἼ will be necessary to send on account of loans of seedcorn for the sowing,” etc., AécheZ 1001" © (Theran Doric —c. B.C. 200) no one may bring forward a proposal ὡς δεείσῃ διαλῦσαι τὸ κοινὸν εἰ τὰς θυσίας, P Flor II. 133" (A.D. 257) ἔδι μὲν ὑμᾶς μηδὲ…
Read the full entry →δέ (de) — then.
δέ,
but: adversative and copulative Particle,
I. answering to μέν (which see), τὴν νῦν μὲν Βοιωτίαν, πρότερον δὲ Καδμηίδα γῆν καλουμένην [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II. without preceding μέν,
II.1. adversative, expressing distinct opposition, αἰεί τοι τὰ κάκ᾽ ἐστὶ φίλα.. μαντεύεσθαι, ἐσθλὸν δ᾽ οὔτε τί πω εἶπας[Refs 5th c.BC+]; so in Prose, οὐκ ἐπὶ κακῷ, ἐλευθερώσει δέ.. [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2. copulative,
II.2. a in explanatory clauses, ξυνέβησαν.. τὰ μακρὰ τείχη ἑλεῖν (ἦν δὲ σταδίων μάλιστα ὀκτώ) [Refs 8th c.BC+]: when a substantive is followed by words in apposition, Ἀρισταγόρῃ τῷ Μιλησίῳ, δούλῳ δὲ ἡμετέρῳ [Refs 5th c.BC+]; so in answers, διπλᾶ λέγειν. —Answ. διπλᾶδ᾽ ὁρᾶν…
δέ
de
a primary particle (adversative or continuative); but, and,
etc.:--also, and, but, moreover, now (often unexpressed in English).
δέ
Cj.
but, on the other hand, and
δέ de 2x
a conjunctive particle, marking the superaddition of a clause, whether in opposition or in continuation, to what has preceded, and it may be variously rendered but, on the other hand, and, also, now, etc.; καὶ δέ, when there is a special superaddition in continuation, too, yea, etc. It sometimes is found at the commencement of the apodosis of a sentence, Acts 11:17. It serves also to mark the resumption of an interrupted discourse, 2 Cor. 2:10; Gal. 2:6
δέ but: conjunctive Particle, with adversative force: it commonly answers to μέν, and may often be rendered by while, whereas, on the other hand, v. μέν:— but μέν is often omitted, δέ being used merely to pass on from one thing to another; ὣς Ἀχιλεὺς θάμβησεν, θάμβησαν δὲ καὶ ἄλλοι Il.; etc.; κινεῖ κραδίην κινεῖ δὲ χόλον Eur.
δέ is often redundant,
to introduce the apodosis, where it may be rendered by then, yet, εἰ δέ κε μὴ δώωσιν, ἐγὼ δέ κεν αὐτὸς ἕλωμαι if they will not give it, then I will take it, Il.; so at in Lat., si tu oblitus es, at Dii meminerint Catull.
to resume after interruption caused by a parenthesis, where it may be rendered by I say, now, so then, Hdt.
POSITION of δέ: properly second, being often put between the Art. and Subst., the prep. and case.
Conj — Conjunctionconjunction — it joins clauses, and never changes form.
CONJ CONJunction or conjunctive particle
2,937 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 15 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 2,787 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
2 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
The definite article — the commonest word in the Greek New Testament at 19,867 occurrences. Greek uses it more freely than English does and can drop it deliberately, so its presence and its absence both carry weight for a translator; but no single occurrence carries a message of its own. Here it simply gathers “the things” into one definite bundle.
ὁ, ἡ, τό,
the prepositive article (ἄρθρον προτακτικόν), originally a demonstr. pron. (so usually in Hom.), in general corresponding to the Eng. definite article.
As demonstr. pron.
As freq. in Hom., absol., he (she, it), his (etc.): Ac 17:28 (quoted from the poet Aratus).
ὁ 435 ὁ tives of quantity, ὅλος, πᾶς, πολύς, see each in its own place. d. What has been said concerning adjectives holds true also of all other limitations added to substantives, as ἡ κατ᾽ ἐκλογὴν πρόθεσις, Ro. ix. 11; ἡ παρ᾽ ἐμοῦ διαθήκη, Ro. xi. 27; 6 λόγος 6 τοῦ σταυροῦ, 1 Co. i. 18; ἡ εἰς Χριστὸν πίστις, Col. ii. 5; on the other hand, ἡ πίστις ὑμῶν ἡ πρὸς τὸν θεόν, 1 Th. i. 8; τῆς διακονίας τῆς εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους, 2 Co. viii. 4; see many other exx. of each usage in W. 131 (124) sqq.; [B. 91 (80) sqq.]. e. The noun has the article before it when a demonstrative pronoun (υὗτος, ἐκεῖνος) belonging to it either precedes or follows [W. § 18, 4; B. § 127, 29-31]; as, ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὗτος, Jn. ix. 24 [οὗτος ὁ ἄνθρ. 1, Tr mrg. WH); Acts vi. 13; xxii. 26; ὁ λαὸς οὗτος, Mt. xv. 8; 6 vids σου οὗτος, Lk. xv. 30; plur. Lk. xxiv. 17, and numberless other exx.; οὗτος 6 ἄνθρωπος, Lk. xiv. 30; οὗτος ὁ…
Read the full entry →ὃ, ἡ τό. (1) Apart from connexion with μέν or δέ (see below) the demonstrative use of the art. in the NT is confined to a poetical quotation Ac 1778, but it is not uncommon in the papyri, e.g. P Par 45® (B.C. 153) (= Witkowski®, p. 85) τὰ (for ἃ) πράσεις (Δ πράσσεις), P Oxy VIII. 1160! (iii/iv A.D.) Ta (for ἃ) σεσύλληχα (for συνείληχα) δὲ κέρμα {ταν τηρῶ αὐτὰ εἰς τὴν δίκην, “1 am keeping for the trial the money that I have collected” (Ed.). For the distributive Opéev.. - 6 8€, as in 1 Cor7’, cf. P Lond 535 (B.c. 161) (=I. p. 19, U.P.Z. i. p. 239) kal τὰ μὲν ἡμῶν ἐληφότων εἰς τὴν γινομένην ἡμῖν συντάξειν, τὰ δ᾽ ἔτι διὰ τὴν τῶν ὑποτεταγμένων {(.. ... > παρελκομένων. (2) The use of the art. as a relative, of which there is no trace in the NT, may again be illustrated by the following papyrus citations from ¢c. A.D. 346—P Lond 414® (= II. Ῥ. 292) γεινῴσκιν oe θέλω περὶ τοῦ βρεουίου…
Read the full entry →ὁ (ho) — the/this/who.
ὁ,
ἡ, τό, is, when thus written,
__A demonstrative Pronoun.
__B in Attic dialect, definite or prepositive Article.
__C in Epic dialect, the so-called postpositive Article, = relative Pronoun, ὅς, ἥ, ὅ.—The nominative masculine and feminine singular and plural, ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ, have no accent in codices and most printed books, except when used as the relative; but ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ differ only in writing from ὃ, ἣ, οἳ, α; the nominative forms of the article are said by Hdn.Gr.1.474 to be oxytone, and by [Refs 2nd c.AD+] in Aeolic dialect accusative to [Refs 8th c.BC+] genitive and dative dual τοῖιν [Refs 8th c.BC+]— In Doric dialect and all other dialects except Attic dialect and Ionic dialect the feminine forms preserve the old ᾱ instead of changing it to η, hence Doric dialect etc. ἁ, τάν, τᾶ; the genitive plural τάων contracts in many dialects to τᾶ; the genitive…
ὁ ἡ τό
ho
he hay, and the neuter
to to
in all their inflections; the definite article; the (sometimes to be
supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom):--the, this, that, one,
he, she, it, etc.
ὁ, ἡ, τό
Article
the
ὁ ho 19x
the prepositive article, answering, to a considerable extent, to the English definite article; but, for the principle and facts of its usage, consult a grammar; ὁ μὲν ... ὁ δέ, the one ... the other, Phil. 1:16, 17; Heb. 7:5, 6, 20, 21, 23, 24; pl. some ... others, Mt. 13:23; 22:5, 6; ὁ δέ, but he, Mt. 4:4; 12:48; οἱ δέ, but others, Mt. 28:17; used, in a poetic quotation, for a personal pronoun, Acts 17:28
ὁ the, that
ὁ, ἡ, τό, is
demonstr. Pronoun.
the definite Article.
in epic, the relative Pronoun, when it is written with the accent ὅ, ἥ, τό ῀ ὅς, ἥ, ὅ. Besides the common forms, note epic gen. sg. τοῖο for τοῦ; pl. nom. τοί, ταί; gen. fem. τάων [α^], dat. τοῖσι, τῇς and τῇσι; dual gen, and dat. τοῖιν:— in Trag. we find τοὶ μέν . . , τοὶ δέ . . , for οἱ μέν . . , οἱ δέ . . ; dat. pl. also τοῖσι, ταῖσι: the dual has commonly but one gender, τώ for τά, τοῖν for ταῖν.
DEMONSTR. PRONOUN:
joined with a Subst., not as the Art., but like Lat. ille, ὁ Τυδείδης Tydeus's famous son, Il.; Νέστωρ ὁ γέρων Nestor— that aged man, id. Il.; τιμῆς τῆς Πριάμου for honour, namely that of Priam, id. Il.
Art-ASF — Article · accusative · singular · feminineaccusative — the one it is done to — the object.
Agrees with anything else marked singular feminine.
T-ASF Part of Speech: definite arTicle Case: Accusative Number: Singular Gender: Feminine
THE, an adjective or definitive adjective.
1. This adjective is used as a definitive, that is, before nouns which are specific or understood; or it is used to limit their signification to a specific thing or things, or to describe them; as the laws of the twelve tables. the independent tribunals of justice in our country, are the security or private rights, and the best bulwark against arbitrary power. the sun is the source of light and heat.
This he calls the preaching of the cross.
2. the is also used rhetorically before a noun in the singular number, to denote a species by way of distinction; a single thing representing the whole. the fig tree putteth forth her green figs; the almond tree shall flourish; the grasshopper shall be a burden.
3. In poetry, the sometimes loses the final vowel before another vowel.
Th' adorning thee with so much art,
Is but a barb'rous skill.
20,685 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 83 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 19,783 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
40 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
Τῶν ἄλλων νομοθετῶν οἱ μὲν ἀκαλλώπιστα καὶ γυμνὰ τὰ νομισθέντα παρ’ αὐτοῖς εἶναι δίκαια διετάξαντο, οἱ δὲ πολὺν ὄγκον τοῖς νοήμασι προσπεριβαλόντες ἐξετύφωσαν τὰ πλήθη μυθικοῖς πλάσμασι τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐπικρύψαντες.
ἡ τοῦ κόσμου σύστασις καὶ διάταξις τῶν στοιχείων.
Χαίρετε, υἱοὶ καὶ θυγατέρες, ἐν ὀνόματι κυρίου τοῦ ἀγαπήσαντος ἡμᾶς, ἐν εἰρήνῃ.
r βασιλεύοντος Πτολεμαίου τοῦ ἐπικαλουμένου Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ Βερενίκης τῆς ἀδελφῆς θεῶν Φιλομητόρων ἔτους ιε, ἐφʼ ἱερέων καὶ ἱερειῶν
ιζ Θῶυθ κη ἀπέδοτο Πετεσοῦχος Φίβιος καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ τὸ ὕπαρχον αὐτοῖς ἥμισυ περιστερῶνος τοῦ ὄντος ἐν τῶι ἀπὸ βορρᾶ μέρει Παθύρεως χαλκοῦ Γ. ἐπρίατο Ὧρος Νεχούτου.
βασιλευόντων Πτολεμαίου τοῦ ἐπικαλουμένου Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ Βερενίκης τῆς ἀδελφῆς θεῶν φιλομητόρων ἔτους ιϛ, ἐφʼ ἱερέων καὶ ἱερειῶν
The Greek word Μυσία refers to Mysia, a province in Asia Minor. It is mentioned in Acts 16:7-8, where it is situated between Lydia and the Propontis, including notable cities like Pergamum and Troas. The entries indicate its geographical significance but do not provide details on its origin.
Μυσία, -ας, ἡ,
Mysia, a province of Asia Minor: Ac 16:7, 8.†
Μυσία, -as, ἡ, Wysia, a province of Asia Minor on the shore of the gean Sea, between Lydia and the Propontis; it had among its cities Pergamum, Troas, and Assos: Acts xvi. 7 sq.
(From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
Μυσία
Musia
of uncertain origin; Mysia, a region of Asia Minor:--Mysia.
Μυσία, ας, ἡ
n.f.
Mysia
Μυσία Mysia 2x
Mysia, a province of Asia Minor, Acts 16:7f.*
Noun-ASF — Noun · accusative · singular · feminineaccusative — the one it is done to — the object.
Agrees with anything else marked singular feminine.
N-ASF Part of Speech: Noun Case: Accusative Number: Singular Gender: Feminine
mish'-i-a (Musia): A country in the northwestern part of Asia Minor, which formed an important part of the Roman province of Asia. Though its boundaries were always vague, it may be said to have extended on the North to the Sea of Marmora on the East to Bithynia and Phrygia, on the South to Lydia, and on the West to Hellespont. According to some authors it included the Troad. Its history is chiefly that of important cities, of which Assos, Troas, and Adramyttium on the border of Lydia, are mentioned in the New Testament. When Mysia became a part of the Roman province of Asia in 190 BC, its old name fell into disuse, and it was then generally known as the Hellespontus. According to Ac 16:7,8, Paul passed through the country, but without stopping to preach, until he reached Troas on the coast, yet tradition says that he founded…
Mysia
A province in the north-west of Asia Minor. On his first voyage to Europe (Acts 16:7, 8) Paul passed through this province and embarked at its chief port Troas.
(land of beech trees) (Acts 16:7,8) was the region about the frontier of the provinces of Asia and Bithynia. The term is evidently used in an ethnological, not a political, sense.
A province in the northwest corner of Asia Minor bounded north by the Propontis, west by the Aegean Sea, south by Lydia, and east by Bithynia. Paul preached in this country on his first journey to Europe, Ac 16:7-8.
2 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 1 different way. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
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branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
ἀλλʼ Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ Λακεδαιμόνιοι Νικοπολῖταί τε καὶ τὸ κατὰ Μυσίαν Πέργαμον οὐ τῶν Ἡρώδου γέμουσιν ἀναθημάτων;
Μυσία Πτολεμαίου μετὰ κυρίου Κορνηλίου Μουσαίου καὶ Χενῦρις Ἀρείου μετὰ κυρίου Παροδίωνος Χαιρήμονος Πεκύσι Καλήους
καταβαίνω (katabaino) means to go or come down, and it is built from the prefix κατά meaning 'down' and a root related to 'to step.' It covers a range of meanings from literal descent to metaphorical uses, appearing frequently in the New Testament, such as in Matthew 8:1 and Acts 10:11. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement.
κατα-βαίνω,
[in LXX chiefly for ירד;]
to go or come down, descend.
καταβαίνω (z.c. 118) κατὰ μηδεμίαν παρεύρεσι (= -σιν), “on no pretext whatsoever,” 20.871 (B.c. 118) κατὰ τοῦτο, ‘‘on this account,” ‘in consequence,” 7. 11. 3814 (A.D. 123) (= Selections, p. 78) ἕτερα καθ’ ὃν δήποτε οὖν τρόπον, ‘other things of whatsoever kind,” P Lond 9045) (Α.}. 104) (= Ill. p. 125, Selections, p. 73) καθ᾽ ἥντινα] ϑήποτε αἰτ[ίαν (cf. 2 Macc 143, 3 Macc 77), and P Tebt I. 425 (c. B.c. 114) ἠδικημένος καθ᾽ ὑπερβολὴν ὑπ[ὸ] ᾿Αρμιύσιος, “having been excessively wronged by Harmiusis.’’ The marriage contract P Eleph 15 (B.c. 311-10) (= Se/ections, p. 2) εἶναι δὲ ἡμᾶς κατὰ ταὐτὸ ὅπου ἂν δοκῆι ἄριστον εἶναι, ‘and that we should live together wherever it may seem best” supports the rendering of κατὰ τὸ αὐτό in Ac 144 AV, RV. On the other hand, the meaning s¢mi/zter, ‘‘after the same manner,” preferred by Blass ad Z., and adopted for κατὰ τὰ αὐτά in Lk 172° RV, is found in the…
Read the full entry →καταβαίνω (katabainō) — to come/go down.
καταβαίνω,
Doric dialect κᾰβαίνω [Refs 7th c.BC+]: future -βήσομαι[Refs 8th c.BC+]perfect -βέβηκ; Boeotian dialect participle καταβεβάων [Refs]: aorist κατέβην [Refs 8th c.BC+]; poetry 3rd.pers. plural κατέβαν [LXX+8th c.BC+], Laconian dialect κάβασι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect 1st pers. plural subjunctive καταβήομεν (variant{-βείομεν}) [Refs 8th c.BC+]; late 3rd.pers. singular optative κατάβοι [LXX+1st c.BC+]; poetry participle καββάς [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect infinitive καταβήμεναι [Refs 8th c.BC+]:—middle, Epic dialect aorist 1 κατεβήσετο [Refs 8th c.BC+]; imperative καταβήσεο [Refs 8th c.BC+]:—go or come down from.., with genitive, πόλιος κ. [Refs]; οὐρανόθεν κ[Refs 5th c.BC+]: also with Preps., ἐξ ὄρεος [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. Ἀΐδαν, Ἀΐδα δόμον, [Refs 8th c.BC+] (later absolutely, die, [Refs 4th c.AD+]; ἔσω κ. [Refs…
Read the full entry →καταβαίνω
katabaino
from 2596 and the base of 939; to descend (literally or
figuratively):--come (get, go, step) down, fall (down).
see GREEK for 2596
see GREEK for 939
καταβαίνω
v.
I go down, come down
καταβαίνω katabainō 81x
to come or go down, descend, Mt. 8:1; 17:9; to lead down, Acts 8:26; to come down, fall, Mt. 7:25, 27; to be let down, Acts 10:11; 11:5
καταβαίνω fut. -βήσομαι perf. -βέβηκα aor2 κατέβην poet. 3rd pl. κατέβαν imperat. κατάβηθι or κατάβα epic 1st pl. subj. καταβείομεν epic 1st pl. subj. καταβείομεν for -βῶμεν Mid., epic 3rd sg. aor1 κατεβήσετο imperat. καταβήσεο to step down, go or come down, Lat. descendere, ἐξ ὄρεος from the mountain, Il.; κ. πόλιος to go down from the city, id. Il.; κ. δίφρου to dismount from the chariot, id. Il.; c. acc. loci, θάλαμον κατεβήσετο she came down to her chamber, Od.:—but also c. acc., κατέβαιν᾽ ὑπερώϊα she came down from the upper floor, id. Od.; κλίμακα κατεβήσετο came down the ladder, id. Od.; absol. to come down stairs, Ar.; hence in Pass., ἵππος καταβαίνεται the horse is dismounted from, Xen.
Read the full entry →Verb-2AAI-3P — Verb · second aorist · active · indicative · third person · pluralsecond aorist active indicative — a completed action, viewed as a whole.
V-2AAI-3P Part of Speech: Verb Tense: second Aorist Voice: Active Mood: Indicative Person: third Number: Plural
82 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 33 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 82 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 144 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
Ἐπεὶ δ’ ἐκ τῶν οὐρανίων τὰ ἐπίγεια ἤρτηται κατά τινα φυσικὴν συμπάθειαν, ὁ τῆς ἑβδομάδος λόγος ἄνωθεν ἀρξάμενος κατέβη καὶ πρὸς ἡμᾶς τοῖς θνητοῖς γένεσιν ἐπιφοιτήσας.
Μωυσῆς δὲ τοῦ θεοῦ ταῦτʼ ἀκούσας καταβαίνει πρὸς τὸ πλῆθος·
Μωϋσῆ Μωϋσῆ, κατάβηθι τὸ τάχος, ὅτι ἠνόμησεν ὁ λαός σου, οὓς ἐξήγαγες ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου, καὶ συνῆκεν Μωϋσῆς καὶ ἔριψεν τὰς δύο πλάκας ἐκ τῶν χειρῶν αὐτοῦ: καὶ συνετρίβη αὐτῶν ἡ διαθήκη, ἵνα ἡ τοῦ ἠγαπημένου Ἰησοῦ ἐγκατασφραγισθῇ εἰς τὴν καρδίαν ἡμῶν…
ὁ νεανίσκος· καὶ σπεῖρον τῆι β τοῦ Ἁθὺρ διὰ σοῦ καὶ ἐγὼ δʼ αὐτὸς καταβαίνω πρὸ τοῦ Ἦλιν· καὶ ὡς οὐ μὴ ἀμελήσῃς, παρὰ πάντα δὲ ἐπιμέλου σαυτοῦ ἵνʼ
ἠρώτηκάς με περὶ τοῦ κορασίου, νῦν δὲ ἀμερίμνει· ἄν πληρώσῃ τὰ ἡμέρια … … καταβήσεται … δε παρα … οὐδεν … τουτ … κα
ἀκούσῃς περὶ Θερμουθᾶτος πέμψον μοι φάσιν. ἐρωτῶ σε, οὐ πρᾶγμά ἐστιν, ἐάν τινα εὕρητε καταβαίνοντα, ἀποστεῖλαι ἡμῖν φάσιν περὶ τῆς ὑγιείας ὑμῶν καὶ τῆς μικρᾶς. ἐρωτῶ σε καὶ παρακαλῶ,
εἰς is a preposition meaning 'into' or 'to,' used with the accusative case. It indicates direction, entrance, or limit, applicable to place, time, and figurative purposes. The New Testament frequently employs it to express movement toward locations or states, as seen in passages like Matthew 8:23. It can also denote relationships or results, such as 'for' or 'among.'
εἰς, a Prep. governing the Accusative, and denoting entrance into, or direction and limit: into, to, towards, for, among. It is used A. Property I. of Place, after verbs of going, coming, sailing, flying, falling, living, leading, carrying, throwing, sending, etc. ; 1. of a place entered, or of entrance into a place, into; and 8. it stands before nouns designating an open place, a hollow thing, or one in which an object can be hidden: as εἰς (τὴν) πόλιν, Mt. xxvi. 18; xxviii. 11; Mk. i. 45, and often; εἰς r. οἶκον, Mt. ix. 7; συναγωγήν, Acts xvii. 10; πλοῖον, Mt. viii. 23; Jn. vi. 17; Acts xxi. 6; θάλασσαν, Mt. xvii. 27; ἄβυσσον, Lk. viii. 31; οὐρανόν, Lk. ii. 15; κόσμον, In. 1. 9; iii. 19, ete.; τὰ ἴδια, Jn. i. 11; xvi. 32; Acts xxi. 6; ἀποθήκην, Mt. iii. 12; εἰς ra ὦτα, Lk. i. 44; εἰς τὰς ζώνας or ζώνην, Mt. x. 9; Mk. vi. 8, etc.; εἰς ἀέρα, 1 Co. xiv. 9; eis πῦρ, Mk. ix. 22, ete.…
Read the full entry →εἰς ἁλιέων εἰς ᾿Αλεξάνδριί[αν (P Oxy II. 2943 = Selections, Ρ- 34): see further Pro/eg. pp. 234 f., 245. For εἰς in the wide sense in which we use ‘‘for” we may cite such passages as P Lille I. 261 (iii/B.c.) ἔγραψάς μοι περὶ τῆς εἰς THY σησαμείαν γῆς, 20." ἕως ἂν] μάθωμεν περὶ τῶν κ[εχρ]ηματισμένων εἰς τὸν νομόν, P Petr II. 11 (1)" (mid. iii/B.c.) (= Witkowski*, p. 8) ἀπὸ τούτου τὸ μὲν ἥμυσυ εἰς τὰ δέοντα ὑπελιπόμην, τὸ δὲ λοιπὸν εἰς τὸ δάνειον κατέβαλον, P Lond 43? (ii/B.c.) (=I. p. 48, Witkowski’, p- 110) ἕξεις ἐφόδιον εἰς τὸ γῆρας, P Tebt I. 577 (8.6. 118) προστε]τάχασι δὲ καὶ τὰ els τὴν ταφὴν τοῦ “Amos, P Oxy I. 379 (A.D. 149) (= Selections, p. 49) ἐγένετο ἐνθάδε ἡ τροφεῖτις εἰς υἱὸν tod ΤΠεσούριος, ‘‘there was concluded here the nursing-contract for the son of Pesouris”; and the recurring formulae in a private account of ς. A.D. 15 τό. 1V. 736° θρύων εἰς τοὺς ἄρτους (ὀβολοὶ δύο)…
Read the full entry →εἰς (eis) — toward.
ἐν εἰς
or ἐς, PREP. WITH ACC. ONLY:—both forms are found in [Refs 8th c.BC+], Ionic dialect poets, and early metrical Inscrr.; ἐς is best attested in [Refs 5th c.BC+], and is found in nearly all early Ionic dialect Inscrr. (except [Refs 5th c.BC+]; and usually in Attic dialect Prose (except [Refs 5th c.BC+] is used before vowels for the sake of meter; ἐς was retained in the phrases ἐς κόρακας (whence the Verb σκορακίζω), ἐς μακαρίαν. Aeolic dialect poets have εἰς before vowels, ἐς before consonants, and this is given as the rule in [Refs 8th c.BC+]; compare ἐν, ἰν. The diphthong is genuine in Aeolic dialect εἰς, but spurious in Attic dialect-Ionic dialect) Radical sense into, and then more loosely, to:
Read the full entry →εἰς
eis
a primary preposition; to or into (indicating the point reached or
entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.);
also in adverbial phrases:--(abundant-)ly, against, among, as, at,
(back-)ward, before, by, concerning, + continual, + far more
exceeding, for (intent, purpose), fore,
+ forth, in (among, at, unto, -so much that, -to), to the
intent that, + of one mind, + never, of, (up-)on, + perish, + set at
one again, (so) that, therefore(-unto), throughout, til, to (be, the
end, -ward), (here-)until(-to), ...ward, (where-)fore, with. Often
used in composition with the same general import, but only with verbs
(etc.) expressing motion (literally or figuratively).
εἰς
Prep.
into, in, among, till, for
εἰς
into, to c. acc.
PREP. WITH ACC. ONLY. Radical sense, into, and then to:
OF PLACE, the commonest usage, εἰς ἅλα into or to the sea, Hom., etc.:—properly opposed to ἐκ, ἐς σφυρὸν ἐκ πτέρνης from head to foot, Il.; εἰς ἔτος ἐξ ἔτεος from year to year, Theocr.:—then, with all Verbs implying motion or direction, ἰδεῖν εἰς οὐρανόν Il.; εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι to look in the face, id. Il.:—in Hom. and Hdt. also c. acc. pers., where the attic use ὡς, πρός, παρά.
with Verbs which express rest in a place, when a previous motion into or to it is implied, ἐς μέγαρον κατέθηκε, i. e. he brought it into the house, and put it there, Od.; παρεῖναι ἐς τόπον to go to a place and be there, Hdt.
Prep — Prepositionpreposition — its sense depends on the case of the word it governs.
PREP PREPosition
1,797 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 37 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 1,766 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
3 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
τὸ δὲ παθητὸν ἄψυχον καὶ ἀκίνητον ἐξ ἑαυτοῦ, κινηθὲν δὲ καὶ σχηματισθὲν καὶ ψυχωθὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ νοῦ μετέβαλεν εἰς τὸ τελειότατον ἔργον, τόνδε τὸν κόσμον·
ὅτι λιμοῦ τὴν Χαναναίαν καταλαβόντος εἰς Αἴγυπτον ἀπῆρε καὶ διατρίψας ἐν αὐτῇ τινα χρόνον ὑπέστρεψεν ὀπίσω.
Μεγάλων μὲν ὄντων καὶ πλουσίων τῶν τοῦ θεοῦ δικαιωμάτων εἰς ὑμᾶς, ὑπέρ τι καὶ καθ̓ ὑπερβολὴν ὑπερευφραίνομαι ἐπὶ τοῖς μακαρίοις καὶ ἐνδόξοις ὑμῶν πνεύμασιν: οὕτως ἔμφυτον τῆς δωρεᾶς πνευματικῆς χάριν εἰλήφατε.
καὶ τοῖς μετόχοις γῆς σιτοφόρου λεγομένης Νεχθαραῦτι θεοῦ μεγάλου παρὰ τῶν ἱερέων ἐτῶν δέκα εἰς τὰ ἐνλιπόντα αὐτῷ ἑτέρων , τεσσάρων εἰς συμπλήρωσιν ἐτῶν πέντε , ὥστε γεωργῆσαι ἧς
καὶ ἀπηλιώτου τὸ λοιπὸν τῆς Εὐνόου οἰκίας λιβὸς ῥύμη ἐφ ᾧ ἀνοίξει τὴν θύραν εἰς τὴν Ὀρσηοῦς οἰκίαν ἢ οἳ ἂν ὦσι γείτονες πάντοθεν. ἐπρίατο Πετεσοῦχος Νεχθανούπιος ὡς ἐτῶν
ος, βορρᾶ γῆ Σχώτου τοῦ Τρύφωνος, ἀπηλιώτου τὸ λοιπὸν τῆς γῆς, λιβὸς ἡ φέρουσα εἰς τὸ Κρόνειον ὁδός, ἢ οἳ ἂν ὦσι γείτονες πάντοθεν. ἐπρίατο Ὧρος Νεχούτου Πέρσης τῆς
The Greek word Τρῳάς (transliterated as *Troas*) refers to a city located near the Hellespont, associated with the ancient site of Troy. It appears in several New Testament passages, including Acts and 2 Corinthians. The term is derived from the word for Trojan, indicating its historical context.
Τρῳάς (Rec. Τρω-), -άδος, ἡ
Troas, a city near the Hellespont: Ac 16:8, 11 20:5, 6, II Co 2:12, II Ti 4:13.†
Τρωάς (Trōas) — Troas.
Τρω-ϊάς,
contraction Τρῳάς (frequently written Τρωάς), άδος, feminine of Τρώϊος, Trojan, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Τρῶας καὶ Τρῳάδας Trojan men and Trojan women, [Refs]
II. γῆ Τρῳάς the Troad, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ Τρωάς alone, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
Τρῳάς
Troas
from Tros (a Trojan); the Troad (or plain of Troy), i.e. Troas, a
place in Asia Minor:--Troas.
Τρῳάς, άδος, ἡ
n.f.
Troas
Τρῳάς Trōias 6x
Troas, a city on the coast of Phrygia, near the site of ancient Troy, Acts 16:8, 11; 20:5f.; 2 Cor. 2:12; 2 Tim. 4:13*. See PhotoGuide.
Noun-ASF — Noun · accusative · singular · feminineaccusative — the one it is done to — the object.
Agrees with anything else marked singular feminine.
N-ASF Part of Speech: Noun Case: Accusative Number: Singular Gender: Feminine
tro'-as (Troas): The chief city in the Northwest of Asia Minor, on the coast of Mysia in the Roman province of Asia. From here, according to Ac 16:8, Paul sailed. Here, also, according to Ac 20:5-12, Paul raised Eutychus from the dead. The name Troas was not confined to the town itself, but it was also applied to the surrounding district, or to that part of the coast which is now generally known as the Troad. In its early history it bore the name of Antigona Troas, which was given it by its founder Antigonus, but after 300 BC it was generally known to the classical writers as Alexander Troas, a name given to it by Lysimachus. For a time the Seleucid kings made their homes at Troas. Later, when the city became free, it struck its own coins, of which vast numbers are found; a common…
Troas
A city on the coast of Mysia, in the north-west of Asia Minor, named after ancient Troy, which was at some little distance from it (about 4 miles) to the north. Here Paul, on his second missionary journey, saw the vision of a “man of Macedonia,” who appeared to him, saying, “Come over, and help us” (Acts 16:8-11). He visited this place also on other occasions, and on one of these visits he left his cloak and some books there (2 Cor. 2:12; 2 Tim. 4:13). The ruins of Troas extend over many miles, the site being now mostly covered with a forest of oak trees. The modern name of the ruins is Eski Stamboul i.e., Old Constantinople.
the city from which St. Paul first sailed, in consequence of a divine intimation, to carry the gospel from Asia to Europe. (Acts 16:8,11) It is mentioned on other occasions. (Acts 20:5,6; 2 Corinthians 2:12,13; 2 Timothy 4:13) Its full name was Alexandria Troas (Liv. xxxv. 42), and sometimes it was called simply Alexandria sometimes simply Troas. It was first built by Antigonus under the name of Antigonea Troas, and peopled with the inhabitants of some neighboring cities. Afterward it was embellished by Lysimachus, and named Alexandria Troas. Its situation was on the coast of Mysia, opposite the southeast extremity of the island of Tenedos. Under the Romans it was one of the…
A maritime city of Mysia, in the northwest part of Asia Minor, situated on the Egean coast, at some distance south of the supposed site of ancient Troy. The adjacent region, including all the coast south of the Hellespont, is also called Troas, or the Troad. The city was a Macedonian and Roman colony of much promise, and was called Alexandria Troas. The Turks call its ruins Eski Stamboul, the old Constantinople. Its remains, in the center of a forest of oaks, are still grand and imposing. The apostle Paul was first at Troas for a short time in A. D. 52, and sailed thence into Macedonia, Ac 16:8-11. At his second visit, in A. D. 57, he labored with success, 2Co 2:12-13. At his third recorded visit he tarried but a week; at the close of which the miraculous raising of Eutychus to…
6 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 1 different way. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 6 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
ἀσπάζεται ὑμᾶς ἡ ἀγάπη τῶν ἀδελφῶν τῶν ἐν Τρωάδι: ὅθεν καὶ γράφω ὑμῖν διὰ Βούρρου πεμφθέντος ἄμα ἐμοὶ ἀπὸ Ἐφεσίων καὶ Σμυρναίων εἰς λόγον τιμῆς.
Ἀρκὰς Ἀλεξανδρεὺς τῆς ἀπὸ Τρωάδος ξενολογουμένων μισθοφόρων ἱππέων τακτόμισθος ἐδάνεισεν Πύθωνι Ἀπολλωνίου Θραικὶ τῆς ἐπιγονῆς χαλκοῦ δραχμὰς τετρακοσίας ἀτόκους
πράκτωρ σιτικῶν Φθαῦς νεώτερος Μιγχειους πράκτωρ ἀργυρικῶν Κόρινθος ἐκ μητρὸς Τααρμά - χιος ἀπὸ Τρώας … … σιτολόγος … ίων Ἁρφαήσιος σιτοπαραλήμπτης … … σίριος πράκτορες ἐν κλήρῳ σιτικῶν
γένοιτο ἢ μὴ γένοιτο παρ … τάτης θει … … … ρ … τρωας … … … παρ’ αὐτοῦ δωρίσαι καί … … … ε … … μένοις