Daniel 11:1 — Word Study
WLCוַאֲנִי֙ בִּשְׁנַ֣ת אַחַ֔ת לְדָרְיָ֖וֶשׁ הַמָּדִ֑י עָמְדִ֛י לְמַחֲזִ֥יק וּלְמָע֖וֹז לֽוֹ׃
BSAAnd Iʼănîy [as for me, personally] in the firstʼechâd [initial, one] yearshâneh of DariusDârᵉyâvêsh [the king, ruler] the MedeMâday△ [from Media, a neighboring land] stood upʻâmad [to take a strong position, to support] to strengthenchâzaq [to make firm, to encourage] and protectmâʻôwz [to provide security, to defend]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַאֲנִי֙ | and I | Conjunction, pronoun |
| בִּשְׁנַ֣ת | in year | Preposition, noun common feminine singular construct |
| אַחַ֔ת | one | Adj |
| לְדָרְיָ֖וֶשׁ | of Darius | Preposition, noun proper masculine |
| הַמָּדִ֑י | the Mede | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| עָמְדִ֛י | standing my | Verb qal infinitive construct common, suffix |
| לְמַחֲזִ֥יק | [was] to a strengthener | Preposition, verb hiphil participle (active) masculine singular |
| וּלְמָע֖וֹז | and to a protection | Conjunction, preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| לֽוֹ׃ | for him | Preposition, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | “And I, in the first year of Darius the Mede, stood up to strengthen and protect him. |
| KJV | Also I in the first year of Darius the Mede, even I, stood to confirm and to strengthen him. |
| ASV | And as for me, in the first year of Darius the Mede, I stood up to confirm and strengthen him. |
| YLT | 'And I, in the first year of Darius the Mede, my standing [is] for a strengthener, and for a stronghold to him; |
| WEB | “As for me, in the first year of Darius the Mede, I stood up to confirm and strengthen him. |
| BBE | And as for me, in the first year of Darius the Mede I was on his side to make his position safe and make him strong. |
The translations agree on the essential meaning of Daniel's actions.
The sentence has a main clause with a time reference, followed by an infinitive phrase indicating purpose.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 9 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Daniel 11:1
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Daniel's Support of Darius the Medegenerated
Daniel 11:1 describes Daniel's actions in the first year of Darius the Mede's reign, highlighting his role in providing support and protection to the king. This context is crucial as it sets the stage for the prophetic revelations that follow, emphasizing Daniel's commitment to the well-being of his people during a time of transition and uncertainty.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Daniel 5:31 | and Darius the Mede received the kingdom at the age of sixty-two. |
| 2 | Daniel 9:1 | In the first year of Darius son of Xerxes, a Mede by descent, who was made ruler over the kingdom of the Chaldeans — |
| 3 | Daniel 10:18 | Again the one with the likeness of a man touched me and strengthened me. |
| 4 | Acts 14:22 | strengthening the souls of the disciples and encouraging them to continue in the faith. “We must endure many hardships to enter the kingdom of God,” they said. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — עָמְדִי, 'a.me.Digenerated
The verb עָמַד (amad) means 'to stand' and is used here in the first-person singular form, indicating Daniel's personal commitment. It conveys a sense of taking a strong position or making a stand, particularly in support of another.
This word encompasses both literal and figurative meanings, suggesting not just physical standing but also enduring support. Daniel's standing up signifies his active role in strengthening Darius, which is emphasized by the context of the verse.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations agree on the meaning of Daniel's action in the verse.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb עָמְדִי (amad, 'I stood') governs the main action of the verse, indicating Daniel's personal involvement. The structure includes prepositional phrases that elaborate on the time and purpose of his action.
The sentence is constructed with a clear subject-verb relationship, emphasizing Daniel's role and the context of his support for Darius, which is framed by the time reference of 'the first year.'
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Greek word ἔστην is used to translate the Hebrew עָמַד, indicating a direct correlation in meaning. This choice reflects the translators' understanding of Daniel's active role.
The use of ἔστην emphasizes the act of standing or taking a position, aligning closely with the Hebrew intent of support and protection.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Daniel 11:1 recounts how Daniel stood up to support Darius the Mede in his first year as king. This action highlights Daniel's role in providing strength and protection during a pivotal time for the Israelites.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Daniel's 'stood up' indicates his active role in supporting Darius the Mede, emphasizing his commitment to the king's strength and protection.
The first year of Darius marks a transition in leadership for the Israelites, making Daniel's support crucial during this time of change.
To 'strengthen and protect' implies that Daniel was not only supporting Darius but also ensuring his safety and stability as a ruler.
This verse reflects themes of divine support and the importance of faithful leaders during times of political change, which are prevalent throughout the book of Daniel.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways can I stand up to support others in positions of leadership?
- How can I provide strength and protection to those who are vulnerable around me?
- What does it mean to take a stand for what is right in my own life?
- How can I apply Daniel's example of commitment in my daily actions?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentators like Jerome and Theodoret of Cyrus reference this verse to discuss Daniel's role in supporting Darius, emphasizing its significance in the context of divine assistance for leaders.
Verse 1. "And from the first year of Darius the Mede, I stood up that he might be strengthened and confirmed." Daniel implies, "From the first year of the reign of Darius,Early Church Fathers on Daniel 11 →
[The divine angel says,] As soon as Cyrus came to the throne and the end of captivity had been reached, I took my place until I had secured release and liberation for the people.Early Church Fathers on Daniel 11 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Daniel 11:1 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAlso I, in the first year of Darius the Mede,.... These words more properly belong to the preceding chapter, and should have concluded that, and the "eleventh" chapter should have begun in the next
Read John Gill on Daniel 11 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAlso I in the first year of Darius the Mede, even I, stood to confirm and to strengthen him. This chapter is an enlargement of the eighth. Also I ... even I - the angel, who was "like the appearance of a man" (Daniel 10:18).
Read Robert Jamieson on Daniel 11 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleDANIEL CHAPTER 11 The overthrow of Persia by the king of Greeks, whose empire shall be divided, . Leagues and conflicts between the kings of the south and of the north, . The exploits of one of the latter princes, ; who, being checked in his progress by the ships of Chittim, shall turn his fury against the Holy Land, . An impious tyranny set up, . Events that shall take place in the latter times, . This first verse should have been the last verse of the tenth chapter, for it pertains to it; and the second verse of this chapter should have been the first; which neglect those who divided the Scripture into chapters have been found guilty of more than once. Thus speaks the angel to Daniel…
Read Matthew Poole on Daniel 11 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsDaniel 11:1 Also I in the first year of Darius the Mede, [even] I, stood to confirm and to strengthen him.Ver. 1. Also I,] i.e., I, Gabriel the angel, glad of such an office, for the good of God’ s people, whereunto also I was sent by Christ. In the first year of Darius the Mede.] Who now began to think of sending home the captive Jews, but had some hesitations and fluctuations of mind about it. I stood to confirm and to strengthen him.] Angels cannot enlighten the mind, or powerfully incline the will of man, for so the Holy Ghost only doth; but, as instruments of the Holy Ghost, they can stir up phantasms of the Word read or heard. They can also propose truth and right to the mind, advise…
Read John Trapp on Daniel 11 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English ReadersXI. (1) In the first year of Darius.—These words must be closely connected with the last verse of Daniel 10. The allusion is, most probably, to the fall of Babylon and the return from the Exile, at which time, as at the Exodus, the angel of the Lord went before His people. There is also a reference to Daniel 6:22.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Daniel 11 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleCHAPTER XI This chapter gives a more particular explanation of those events which were predicted in the eighth chapter. The prophet had foretold the partition of Alexander's kingdom into four parts. Two of these, in which were included Egypt and Syria, the one to the north, the other to the south, in respect of Judea, appear to take up the chief attention of the prophet, as his people were particularly concerned in their fate; these being the countries in which by far the greatest number of the Jews were, and still are, dispersed. Of these countries he treats (according to the views of the most enlightened expositors) down to the conquest of Macedon, A.M. 3836, B.C. 168, when he begins to…
Read AdamClarke on Daniel 11 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and CollegesDaniel 11:1. And as for me, in … I stood up to be a supporter and a stronghold unto him] I myself, also, in the first year of Darius, came forward to support Michael. As soon as ‘Darius the Mede’ (Daniel 5:31, Daniel 9:1) ‘received the kingdom,’ there was need for the defenders of Israel to co-operate on its behalf; and (it seems to be implied) it was through this angelic intervention that the natural hostility of Persia to Israel was turned to friendliness. I stood up] The Heb. is peculiar, lit. my standing (was). One or two parallels can be quoted (as Judges 19:9; Job 9:27); but the addition of a letter would give the normal Hebrew for I stood up (ςξγϊι for ςξγι). a supporter] prop. one…
Read Cambridge on Daniel 11 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleAlso I - I the angel. He alludes here to what he had done on a former occasion to promote the interests of the Hebrew people, and to secure those arrangements which were necessary for their welfare -
Read Albert Barnes on Daniel 11 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
“And I, in the first year of Darius the Mede, stood up to strengthen and protect him.
“As for me, in the first year of Darius the Mede, I stood up to confirm and strengthen him.
“And I, in the first year of Darius the Mede, stood up to strengthen and protect him.
And in the first year of Darius the Mede, I stood to strengthen him and to provide protection for him.)
Tyndale line
Also I in the first year of Darius the Mede, even I, stood to confirm and to strengthen him.
And as for me, in the first year of Darius the Mede, I stood up to confirm and strengthen him.
And as for me, in the first year of Darius the Mede, I stood up to confirm and strengthen him.
Also I, in the first year of Darius the Mede, even I, stood to confirm and to strengthen him.
Also I, in ye first yere of Darius of ye Medes, euen I stood to incourage and to strengthen him.
Strictly literal
And I, in the first year of Darius the Mede, I stood to confirm and to strengthen him.
'And I, in the first year of Darius the Mede, my standing [is] for a strengthener, and for a stronghold to him;
“And I, in the first year of Darius the Mede, my standing [is] for a strengthener, and for a stronghold to him;
And I in the first year of Darius the Mede had my station to assist and to protect him.
In the first year of Darius the Mede, I myself came to support and protect Michael.
From the Latin
And from the first year of Darius the Mede I stood up that he might be strengthened and confirmed.
Simplified
And I myself, in the first year of Darius the Mede, took my stand to support and defend him.
And as for me, in the first year of Darius the Mede I was on his side to make his position safe and make him strong.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Dead Sea Scrolls agree in content, with the scrolls providing a nearly complete match to the MT. The Septuagint, while differing in word order, retains the essential meaning of the Hebrew text.
וַאֲנִי֙ בִּשְׁנַ֣ת אַחַ֔ת לְדָרְיָ֖וֶשׁ הַמָּדִ֑י עָמְדִ֛י לְמַחֲזִ֥יק וּלְמָע֖וֹז לֽוֹ׃
8 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[ואני] בשנת אחת לדריוש המדי עמדתי למחזק ולמעוז ל׳ו
8 words on the leather — 1 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Daniel 11:1
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֲנִי, transliterated as aniy, is a first-person singular pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me.' It is often used for emphasis and can also imply possession, as in 'mine' or 'myself.' The word is derived from a form that indicates self-reference, and it appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament.
אֲנִי, אָ֑נִי pron. 1s. comm. I
base
H589 אֲנִי, אָ֑נִי I
589 'aniy an-ee'
contracted from 595; I:--I, (as for) me, mine, myself, we, X
which, X who.
see HEBREW for 0595
אֲנִי (a.ni) — I.
I (first pers. sing. -usually used for emphasis)
Conj | Pron — Conjunction · pronounHC/Pp1bs
שָׁנָה (shaneh) means 'year' and is derived from the root meaning to change or revolve. It encompasses various aspects of time, including divisions of time, measures of age, and even a lifetime. The Aramaic equivalent is שְׁנָה (she.nah), also meaning 'year'.
שָׁנָה 877 n.f. year (etym. v. √[v.ek.aa])
base
H8141 שָׁנָה year (etym. v. √[8138a])
8141 shaneh shaw-neh'
(in plura or (feminine) shanah {shaw-naw'}; from 8138; a year
(as a revolution of time):--+ whole age, X long, + old,
year(X -ly).
see HEBREW for 08138
שָׁנָה (sha.neh) — year.
1) year
1a) as division of time
1b) as measure of time
1c) as indication of age
1d) a lifetime (of years of life)
Aramaic equivalent: she.nah (שְׁנָה "year" H8140)
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular constructHR/Ncfsc
yer (shanah, Aramaic shenah, "a return" (of the sun), like the Greek eniautos; yamim, "days," is also used for "year," and the Greek hemerai, corresponds to it (Jos 13:1; Lu 17,18); etos, is also employed frequently in the New Testament; for the difference between etos and eniautos, see Grimm-Thayer, under the word): The Hebrew year was solar, although the month was lunar, the adjustment being made in intercalation.
See ASTRONOMY; TIME.
Year
Heb. shanah, meaning “repetition” or “revolution” (Gen. 1:14; 5:3). Among the ancient Egyptians the year consisted of twelve months of thirty days each, with five days added to make it a complete revolution of the earth round the sun. The Jews reckoned the year in two ways, (1) according to a sacred calendar, in which the year began about the time of the vernal equinox, with the month Abib; and (2) according to a civil calendar, in which the year began about the time of the autumnal equinox, with the month Nisan. The month Tisri is now the beginning of the Jewish year.
the highest ordinary division of time. Two years were known to, and apparently used by, the Hebrews. A year of 360 days appears to have been in use in Noah’s time. The year used by the Hebrews from the time of the exodus may: be said to have been then instituted, since a current month, Abib, on the 14th day of which the first Passover was kept, was then made the first month of the year. The essential characteristics of this year can be clearly determined, though we cannot fix those of any single year. It was essentially solar for the offering of productions of the earth, first-fruits, harvest produce and ingathered fruits, was fixed to certain days of the year, two of which were in the periods of great feasts, the third itself a feast reckoned from one of the former days. But it is certain that the months were lunar, each commencing with a new moon. There must therefore have been some…
The Hebrews always had years of twelve months. But at the beginning, as some suppose, they were solar years of twelve months, each month having thirty days, excepting the twelfth, which had thirty-five days. We see, by the enumeration of the days of the deluge, Ge 7:1-8:22, that the original year consisted of three hundred and sixtyfive days. It is supposed that they had an intercalary month at the end of one hundred and twenty years, at which time the beginning of their year would be out of its place full thirty days. Subsequently, however, and throughout the history of the Jews, the year was wholly lunar, having alternately a full month of thirty days, and a defective month of twenty-nine days, thus completing their year in three hundred and fifty-four days. To accommodate this lunar year to the solar year, (365 days, 5 hours, 48…
אֶחָד (echad) means 'one' and is derived from a numeral. It encompasses meanings such as each, every, a certain, and can serve as an indefinite article. It is also used as an ordinal to denote 'first' and appears in various combinations, including eleven. The entries consistently emphasize its numerical and qualitative aspects.
אֶחָד 972 adj.num. one
one
= each, every
= a certain
= indef. art.
only, & (fem.) once
one … another, one … the other
as ordinal first
in combin.
base
H259 אֶחָד one . one
. = each, every
. = a certain
. = indef. art.
. only, & (fem.) once
. one … another, one … the other
. as ordinal first
. in combin.
259 'echad ekh-awd'
a numeral from 258; properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an
ordinal) first:--a, alike, alone, altogether, and,
any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-)ly, each (one), +
eleven, every, few, first, + highway, a man, once, one, only,
other, some, together,
see HEBREW for 0258
אֶחָד (e.chad) — one.
1) one (number)
1a) one (number)
1b) each, every
1c) a certain
1d) an (indefinite article)
1e) only, once, once for all
1f) one...another, the one...the other, one after another, one by one
1g) first
1h) eleven (in combination), eleventh (ordinal)
Adj — AdjHAcfsa
wun.
See NUMBER.
דָּֽרְיָ֫וֶשׁ (Dar'yavesh) refers to Darius, a title used for several Persian kings. The entries indicate that it is of Persian origin and means 'lord.' Notable figures include Darius the Mede, Darius the son of Hystaspes, and Darius III. The name appears in the context of the Exile and Return, with mentions in books like Nehemiah and Daniel.
דָּֽרְיָ֫וֶשׁ n.pr.m. Darius
Darius Hystaspis, 522-485
Darius Codomannus, 336-332
‘Darius the Mede,’
base
H1867 דָּֽרְיָ֫וֶשׁ Darius
1867 Dar`yavesh daw-reh-yaw-vaysh'
of Persian origin; Darejavesh, a title (rather than name) of
several Persian kings:--Darius.
דָּֽרְיָ֫וֶשׁ (dar.ya.vesh) — Darius.
A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Neh.12.22
§ Darius = "lord"
1) Darius the Mede, the son of Ahasuerus, king of the Chaldeans, who succeeded to the Babylonian kingdom on the death of Belshazzar; probably the same as "Astyages" the last king of the Medes (538 BC)
2) Darius, the son of Hystaspes, the founder of the Perso-Arian dynasty (521 BC)
3) Darius II or Darius III
3a) Darius II, Nothus (Ochus) was king of Persia during the time of Nehemiah (424/3-405/4 BC). Darius II is the most probable because he is mentioned by Nehemiah and ruled during the time of Nehemiah
3b) Darius III, Codomannus was king of Persia during its last years at the time of Alexander the Great and was his opponent (336-330 BC)
דָּֽרְיָ֫וֶשׁ (dar.ya.vesh) — Darius.
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun proper masculineHR/Npm
da-ri'-us: The name of three or four kings mentioned in the Old Testament. In the original Persian it is spelled "Darayavaush"; in Babylonian, usually "Dariamush"; in Susian(?), "Tariyamaush"; in Egyptian "Antaryuash"; on Aramaic inscriptions, d-r-y-h-w-sh or d-r-y-w-h-w-sh; in Hebrew, dareyawesh; in Greek, Dareios; in Latin, "Darius." In meaning it is probably connected with the new Persian word Dara, "king." Herodotus says it means in Greek, Erxeies, coercitor, "restrainer," "compeller," "commander."
(1) Darius the Mede (Da 6:1; 11:1) was the son of Ahasuerus (Xerxes) of the seed of the Medes (Da 9:1). He received the government of Belshazzar the Chaldean upon the death of that prince (Da 5:30,31; 6:1), and was made king over…
Darius
The holder or supporter, the name of several Persian kings. (1.) Darius the Mede (Dan. 11:1), “the son of Ahasuerus, of the seed of the Medes” (9:1). On the death of Belshazzar the Chaldean he “received the kingdom” of Babylon as viceroy from Cyrus. During his brief reign (B.C. 538-536) Daniel was promoted to the highest dignity (Dan. 6:1, 2); but on account of the malice of his enemies he was cast into the den of lions. After his miraculous escape, a decree was issued by Darius enjoining “reverence for the God of Daniel” (6:26). This king was probably the “Astyages” of the Greek historians. Nothing can, however, be with certainty affirmed regarding him. Some are of opinion that the name “Darius” is simply a name of office, equivalent to “governor,” and that the “Gobryas” of…
(lord), the name of several kings of Media and Persia. DARIUS THE MEDE, (Daniel 6:1; 11:1) "the son of Ahasuerus," (Daniel 9:1) who succeeded to the Babylonian kingdom ont he death of Belshazzar, being then sixty-two years old. (Daniel 5:31; 9:1) (B.C. 538.) Only one year of his reign is mentioned, (Daniel 9:1; 11:1) but that was of great importance for the Jews. Daniel was advanced by the king to the highest dignity, (Daniel 6:1) ff., and in his reign was cast into the lions’ den. Dan. 6. This Darius is probably the same as "Astyages," the last king of the Medes. DARIUS, the son of Hystaspes the founder of the Perso-Arian…
1. DARIUS THE MEDE
Da 5:31 9:1 11:1, was son of Astyages king of the Medes, and brother of Mandane mother of Cyrus, and of Amyit the mother of Evil-merodach and grandmother of Belshazzar: thus he was uncle, by the mother’s side, to Evil-merodach and to Cyrus. The Hebrew generally calls him Darius; the Septuagint, Artaxerxes; and Xenophon, Cyaxares. Darius dethroned Belshazzar king of the Chaldeans, and occupied the throne till his death two years after, when it reverted to the illustrious Cyrus. In his reign Daniel was cast into the lion’s den, Da 6:1-28.
2. DARIUS HYSTASPIS
Spoken of in Ezr 4:1-7:28, Haggai, and Zechariah, as the king who renewed the permission to rebuild the temple, given to the Jews by Cyrus and afterwards…
מָדִי (Maday) refers to a Mede, an inhabitant of Media, a region located northwest of Persia. The term is derived from the root word for Media and is noted in contexts such as Daniel 11:1. It is also associated with the term for 'middle land' and has a variant spelling linked to מְדָן (Medan), another Hebrew word.
מָדִי adj.gent. Mede, Median, Dn 11:1.
ref
H4075 מָדִי, מָדַי
4075 Maday maw-dah'-ee
patrial from 4074; a Madian or native of Madai:--Mede.
see HEBREW for 04074
מָדָאָה (ma.da.ah) — Mede.
also called Mede frequently
Another spelling of me.dan (מְדָן "Medan" H4091)
§ Mede = "middle land"
1) an inhabitant of Media
1a) located northwest of Persia proper, south and southwest of the Caspian Sea, east of Armenia and Assyria, and west and northwest of the great salt desert of Iram
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
The Hebrew word עָמַד (amad) means to stand and encompasses a variety of related actions such as remaining, enduring, and taking a stand. It can refer to both literal and figurative stances, including presenting oneself or being appointed. The word appears in various contexts, including standing still, ceasing movement, and even serving. There are different forms of the verb, such as Qal, Hiphil, and Hophal, each with specific nuances.
עָמַד 620 take one's stand, stand
Qal 435
take one's stand, and (esp. pt.) stand, be in a standing attitude
stand forth
take a stand against, in opposition to
present oneself before
attend upon, be(come) servant of
stand afar
stand (silent)
stand (appealingly)
stand, subj. רֶגֶל
stand, of water
stand still, stop, cease moving
= be inactive
= be attentive
stop, cease doing a thing
tarry, delay
remain
continue, abide
endure
be steadfast
persist
make a stand, hold one's ground
stand upright
arise, appear, come on the scene
stand forth, appear = come into being
rise up as foe
rare usages
Hiph.
83station, set
cause to stand firm
cause to stand up, set up, erect
present one before king
appoint
other meanings
Hoph. be presented
base
H5975 עָמַד take one's stand, stand .. . take one's stand, and (esp. pt.) stand, be in a standing attitude
. stand forth
. take a stand against, in opposition to
. present oneself before
. attend upon, be(come) servant of
. stand afar
. stand (silent)
. stand (appealingly)
. stand, subj. רֶגֶל
. stand, of water
. . stand still, stop, cease moving
. = be inactive
. = be attentive
. stop, cease doing a thing
. . tarry, delay
. remain
. continue, abide
. endure
. be steadfast
. persist
. make a stand, hold one's ground
. stand upright
. . arise, appear, come on the scene
. stand forth, appear = come into being
. rise up as foe
. rare usages
. . station, set
. cause to stand firm
. cause to stand up, set up, erect
. present one before king
. appoint
. other meanings
. be presented
5975 `amad aw-mad'
a primitive root; to stand, in various relations (literal and
figurative, intransitive and transitive):--abide (behind),
appoint, arise, cease, confirm, continue, dwell, be employed,
endure, establish, leave, make, ordain, be (over), place, (be)
present (self), raise up, remain, repair, + serve, set (forth,
over, -tle, up), (make to, make to be at a, with-)stand (by,
fast, firm, still, up), (be at a) stay (up), tarry.
עָמַד (a.mad) — to stand: stand.
: stand/stop/establish
1) to stand, remain, endure, take one's stand
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to stand, take one's stand, be in a standing attitude, stand forth, take a stand, present oneself, attend upon, be or become servant of
1a2) to stand still, stop (moving or doing), cease
1a3) to tarry, delay, remain, continue, abide, endure, persist, be steadfast
1a4) to make a stand, hold one's ground
1a5) to stand upright, remain standing, stand up, rise, be erect, be upright
1a6) to arise, appear, come on the scene, stand forth, appear, rise up or against
1a7) to stand with, take one's stand, be appointed, grow flat, grow insipid
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to station, set
1b2) to cause to stand firm, maintain
1b3) to cause to stand up, cause to set up, erect
1b4) to present (one) before (king)
1b5) to appoint, ordain, establish
N-ms | Suff — Verb qal infinitive construct common · suffixHVqcc/Sp1bs
The Hebrew word חָזַק (chazaq) means to be strong or to strengthen. It encompasses a range of meanings including to support, encourage, and make firm, as well as to seize or hold fast. The word can be used in various forms, such as to strengthen oneself or to display strength. There is no significant disagreement among lexicons regarding its meanings.
חָזַק 291 vb. be or grow firm, strong, strengthen
Qal
intrans. be or grow strong
transit. only strengthened him not
Pi.
make strong (physically)
strengthen the hands (acc.) of anyone, sustain, encourage
make strong = bold, encourage
make firm
make rigid, hard, i.e. perverse, obstinate, harden
Hiph.
make strong, strengthen
make firm, the kingdom
display strength
make severe, of battle
support
= repair
prevail
esp. take or keep hold of, seize, grasp
Hithp.
strengthen oneself
put forth strength, use one's strength
withstand
hold strongly with
base
H2388 חָזַק be or grow firm, strong, strengthen .. intrans. be or grow strong
. transit. only strengthened him not
. . make strong (physically)
. strengthen the hands (acc.) of anyone, sustain, encourage
. make strong = bold, encourage
. make firm
. make rigid, hard, i.e. perverse, obstinate, harden
. . . make strong, strengthen
. make firm, the kingdom
. display strength
. make severe, of battle
. support
. = repair
. prevail
. esp. take or keep hold of, seize, grasp
. . strengthen oneself
. put forth strength, use one's strength
. withstand
. hold strongly with
2388 chazaq khaw-zak'
a primitive root; to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong
(figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help,
repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restrain, conquer:--aid,
amend, X calker, catch, cleave, confirm, be constant,
constrain, continue, be of good (take) courage(-ous, -ly),
encourage (self), be established, fasten, force, fortify, make
hard, harden, help, (lay) hold (fast), lean, maintain, play
the man, mend, become (wax) mighty, prevail, be recovered,
repair, retain, seize, be (wax) sore, strengthen (self), be
stout, be (make, shew, wax) strong(-er), be sure, take (hold),
be urgent, behave self valiantly, withstand.
חָזַק (cha.zaq) — to strengthen: strengthen.
: strengthen/support/encourage
1) to strengthen, prevail, harden, be strong, become strong, be courageous, be firm, grow firm, be resolute, be sore
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be strong, grow strong
1a1a) to prevail, prevail upon
1a1b) to be firm, be caught fast, be secure
1a1c) to press, be urgent
1a1d) to grow stout, grow rigid, grow hard (bad sense)
1a1e) to be severe, be grievous
1a2) to strengthen
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to make strong
1b2) to restore to strength, give strength
1b3) to strengthen, sustain, encourage
1b4) to make strong, make bold, encourage
1b5) to make firm
1b6) to make rigid, make hard
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to make strong, strengthen
1c2) to make firm
1c3) to display strength
1c4) to make severe
1c5) to support
1c6) to repair
1c7) to prevail, prevail upon
1c8) to have or take or keep hold of, retain, hold up, sustain, support
1c9) to hold, contain
1d) (Hithpael)
Prep | V-Hiphil — Preposition · verb hiphil participle (active) masculine singularHR/Vhrmsa
מָעוֹז (ma`owz) refers to a place or means of safety and protection, often implying a stronghold or refuge. It can denote both a physical fortified place and a figurative sense of security, such as divine protection. The term is built from the root associated with strength and fortification.
מָעוֹז n.m. place or means of safety, protection
base
H4581 מָעוֹז place or means of safety, protection
4581 ma`owz maw-oze'
(also mauwz {maw-ooz'}); or mahoz {maw-oze'} (also ma,uz
{maw-ooz'}; from 5810; a fortified place; figuratively, a
defence:--force, fort(-ress), rock, strength(-en), (X most)
strong (hold).
see HEBREW for 05810
מָעוֹז (ma.oz) — security.
1) place or means of safety, protection, refuge, stronghold
1a) place of safety, fastness, harbour, stronghold
1b) refuge (of God) (fig.)
1c) human protection (fig.)
Conj | Prep | N-ms — Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/R/Ncmsa
וֹ (o) — him.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular
HR/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3ms