Menu

Exodus 35:14 — Word Study

Depth

WLCוְאֶת־ מְנֹרַ֧ת הַמָּא֛וֹר וְאֶת־ כֵּלֶ֖יהָ וְאֶת־ נֵרֹתֶ֑יהָ וְאֵ֖ת שֶׁ֥מֶן הַמָּאֽוֹר׃

BSAthe lampstandmᵉnôwrâh [candlestick, chandelier] for lightmâʼôwr [happiness, cheerfulness] with its accessorieskᵉlîy [furniture, utensils] and lampsnîyr [devices for guidance] and oilshemen [olive oil] for the lightmâʼôwr [spiritual illumination, God's presence]

Word
Listen & take awayExodus 35
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 14 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ha.ma.'or) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Exodus 35:14quick helps
In a sentenceThis verse describes the components needed for the lampstand used in the Tabernacle.
What is being describedThe lampstand and its associated items, highlighting their importance in worship.
Where we areIn the instructions for the Tabernacle's furnishings, specifically focusing on the lampstand.
The hard wordמְנֹרַ֧ת
Take awayThe lampstand symbolizes God's presence and the light it provides.
6 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Ellicott, AdamClarke & more — read them › clause The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Exodus 35:14

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Instructions for the Tabernacle's Furnishingsgenerated

13the table with its poles, all its utensils, and the Bread of the Presence;
14the lampstand for light with its accessories and lamps and oil for the light;
15the altar of incense with its poles; the anointing oil and fragrant incense; the curtain for the doorway at the entrance to the tabernacle;
16the altar of burnt offering with its bronze grate, its poles, and all its utensils; the basin with its stand;

Exodus 35:14 is part of a larger passage detailing the various furnishings of the Tabernacle, a sacred space where the Israelites worshiped God. The lampstand, along with its accessories, plays a crucial role in providing light and symbolizing divine presence. This section is significant as it outlines the importance of each item in the worship practices of the Israelites, connecting their physical surroundings to their spiritual life.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Exodus 25:31–39Then you are to make a lampstand of pure, hammered gold. It shall be made of one piece, including its base and shaft, its cups, and its buds and petals.
2Exodus 37:17–24Then he made the lampstand out of pure hammered gold, all of one piece: its base and shaft, its cups, and its buds and petals.
3Psalm 148:3Praise Him, O sun and moon; praise Him, all you shining stars.
4Matthew 5:14–15You are the light of the world. A city on a hill cannot be hidden.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word מְנֹרָה, me.no.Ragenerated

The word מְנֹרָה (me.nôrâ) specifically refers to a lampstand, often associated with the seven-branched lampstand used in the Temple. It emphasizes the role of light in worship, representing God's presence among His people.

This noun is in the feminine singular construct form, indicating that it is a specific lampstand being referred to, likely the one used in the Tabernacle. The lampstand is not just a physical object but a symbol of illumination and guidance in the spiritual life of the Israelites.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

In the Berean Standard Bible, the term for lampstand is rendered as lampstand, which is consistent across the KJV, ASV, YLT, WEB, and BBE translations.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse consists of a main noun phrase, מְנֹרַ֧ת, the lampstand, which is the subject. It is followed by a series of noun phrases that describe the accessories, lamps, and oil, all contributing to the overall meaning of the verse. The structure emphasizes the importance of each item in relation to the lampstand.

The Hebrew word order places the lampstand first, highlighting its central role in the worship setting, with the other items listed as supporting elements.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates מְנֹרָה as λυχνίαν (lychnian), which also means lampstand. This choice reflects a direct equivalence in meaning, maintaining the significance of the lampstand as a source of light in the worship context.

The use of λυχνίαν shows a continuity in the understanding of the lampstand's role from Hebrew to Greek, emphasizing its importance in the liturgical practices.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Exodus 35:14 describes the lampstand and its accessories, including lamps and oil, which are essential for providing light in the Tabernacle. This verse highlights the importance of these items in the worship of God, symbolizing His presence and guidance.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What is the significance of the lampstand in the Tabernacle?

The lampstand symbolizes God's presence and provides light, representing spiritual illumination for the Israelites.

Why is olive oil specifically mentioned?

Olive oil was highly valued in ancient times for its use in lamps, symbolizing richness and anointing.

What role do the accessories play?

The accessories are necessary for the proper functioning of the lampstand, ensuring that it serves its purpose in the worship setting.

How does this verse connect to the overall theme of the Tabernacle?

This verse illustrates the detailed instructions given for the Tabernacle's furnishings, emphasizing the importance of each item in creating a space for God's presence among His people.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What does the lampstand symbolize in your own life?
  2. How can you ensure that your spiritual life is illuminated by God's presence?
  3. What are some ways you can incorporate the symbolism of light into your daily practices?
  4. In what ways do you see the importance of preparation and detail in your own worship or spiritual life?

Commentators on this verse — 6 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Exodus 35:14 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

The candlestick also for the light, and his furniture,.... The tongs and snuff dishes: and his lamps, with the oil for the light; the cups, in which were put the oil and the wicks to burn and give

Read John Gill on Exodus 35 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

And Moses spake unto all the congregation of the children of Israel, saying, This is the thing which the LORD commanded, saying, No JFB commentary on these verses.

Read Robert Jamieson on Exodus 35 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(10-19) And every wise hearted among you.—The first appeal is to all; all may contribute something towards the materials of the sacred structure. But the second appeal is to some only. The “wise-hearted” alone can take part in the actual construction, and “make all that the Lord hath commanded.” On the expression “wise – hearted,” see Note on Exodus 28:3. It includes skill of various kinds and degrees, even that of poor women, who “did spin with their hands, and brought that which they had spun, both of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, and of fine linen” (Exodus 35:25). In enumerating the things to be constructed, Moses follows, not the order of the revelations made to him, but what may…

Read Charles John Ellicott on Exodus 35 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 14. The candlestick] See Exodus 25:31-39.

Read AdamClarke on Exodus 35 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

10–19. All skilled workmen among the people invited to assist in the task of making the objects prescribed. There is nothing in chs. 25–31 corresponding to this invitation: Exodus 28:3 relates to the priestly vestments alone. The enumeration of things to be made begins with the Dwelling, and then proceeds in order from the Holy of holies to the Court, ending with the vestments for the priests.

Read Cambridge on Exodus 35 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

11-19. The tabernacle, etc. — These different parts of the sanctuary and the sacred vessels are illustrated in notes on chaps. 25-28.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Exodus 35 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

the lampstand for light with its accessories and lamps and oil for the light;

WEBWorld English Bible2000

the lamp stand also for the light, with its vessels, its lamps, and the oil for the light;

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

the lampstand for light with its accessories and lamps and oil for the light;

NETBNew English Translation2006

the lampstand for the light and its accessories, its lamps, and oil for the light;

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

The candlestick also for the light, and his furniture, and his lamps, with the oil for the light,

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

the candlestick also for the light, and its vessels, and its lamps, and the oil for the light;

RVARevised Version, American1894

the candlestick also for the light, and its vessels, and its lamps, and the oil for the light;

NWBWebster's Bible1833

The candlestick also for the light, and its furniture, and its lamps, with the oil for the light,

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Also the Candlesticke of light and his instruments, and his lampes with the oyle for the light:

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

and the lamp-stand for the light, and its utensils, and its lamps, and the oil for the light;

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

'And the candlestick for the light, and its vessels, and its lamps, and the oil for the light,

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

and the lampstand for the light, and its vessels, and its lamps, and the oil for the light,

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

And the candlestick for the lighting, and its vessel, and its lamps, with the oil for the lighting;

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

the lampstand for the lights, with its accessories, its lamps, and the oil for the lamps;

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

The candlestick to bear up the lights, the vessels thereof and the lamps, and the oil for the nourishing of fires:

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

the lampstand of light with its equipment and lamps and olive oil to provide lighting;

BBEBible in Basic English1949

And the support for the lights, with its vessels and its lights and the oil for the light;

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וְandclausenoun phrase · objectnoun phrasenoun phraseאֶת(et)noun phraseמְנֹרַ֧תthe.lampstandnoun phraseהַofמָּא֛וֹרthe.lightוְandnoun phraseאֶת(et)noun phraseכֵּלֶ֖יarticlesהָitsוְandnoun phraseאֶת(et)noun phraseנֵרֹתֶ֑יlampsהָitsוְandnoun phraseאֵ֖ת(et)noun phraseשֶׁ֥מֶןthe.oilnoun phraseהַofמָּאֽוֹרthe.light

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Samaritan Pentateuch share similarities, with the Samaritan version differing in two words: מנורת (lampstand) and כל (whole). Both texts agree on the overall structure and meaning of the verse, indicating a consistent understanding of the lampstand's significance.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וְאֶת־ מְנֹרַ֧ת הַמָּא֛וֹר וְאֶת־ כֵּלֶ֖יהָ וְאֶת־ נֵרֹתֶ֑יהָ וְאֵ֖ת שֶׁ֥מֶן הַמָּאֽוֹר׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וְאֶת־καὶמְנֹרַ֧תλυξνίανהַמָּא֛וֹרφωτὸςוְאֶת־τὰכֵּלֶ֖יהָαὐτῆςשֶׁ֥מֶן’’הַמָּאֽוֹר׃’’

7 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Samaritan Pentateuchthe Torah as the Samaritan community kept it

את מנורת המאור ואת כל כליה ואת שׁמן המאור

2 words differ from the Masoretic Text: מנורת (lamp stand), כל (whole)

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Exodus 35:14אֵתand the objand the object אֵתמְנוֹרָה[the] lamps[the] lampstandמְנוֹרָהמָאוֹרthe lightthe lightמָאוֹראֵתand the objand the object אֵתכְּלִיequipment iequipment itsכְּלִיאֵתand the objand the object אֵתנֵרlamps itslamps itsנֵראֵתand the objand the object אֵתשֶׁ֫מֶן[the] oil o[the] oil ofשֶׁ֫מֶןמָאוֹרthe lightthe lightמָאוֹראוֹתsign: mirasign: miraculouאוֹתאוֹרto lightto lightאוֹרנֵרlamplampנֵרכָּלָהto end: fito end: finishכָּלָהשָׁמֵןto grow fato grow fatשָׁמֵןמָנוֹרloom-beamloom-beamמָנוֹרנִירto breakto breakנִירנוּרfirefireנוּרמִגְרָשׁpasturepastureמִגְרָשׁמִשְׁחָהanointinganointingמִשְׁחָהמֶמְשָׁלָהdominiondominionמֶמְשָׁלָהזָהָבgoldgoldזָהָבדָּעַךְto put outto put outדָּעַךְמְנוֹרָהlampstandlampstandמְנוֹרָהבָּלַלto mixto mixבָּלַל
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Exodus 35:14

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and the object marker [the] lampstand of the light and the object marker equipment its and the object marker lamps its and the object marker [the] oil of the light
וְאֶת־ve.'Et and the object marker H853 Conjunction · particle
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/To — Conjunction · particle
HC/To
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and the object marker [the] lampstand of the light and the object marker equipment its and the object marker lamps its and the object marker [the] oil of the light
מְנֹרַ֧תme.no.Rat [the] lampstand of H4501 Noun common · feminine singular construct
42× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for lampstand, often translated as candlestick, refers to a chandelier or lamp stand, like those found in the Temple. It appears in Exodus 25:31 and 37:17. In the Bible, lampstands symbolize God's presence.
Amplified meaning
candlestick, chandelier
Tyndale gloss
lampstand
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מְנוֹרָה (mĕnôrâ) means 'lampstand' and refers specifically to a type of chandelier or candlestick. It is noted in the context of both private homes and the temple, particularly the seven-branched lampstand used in the tabernacle. The word is derived from a feminine form of another Hebrew word related to light.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מְנוֹרָה, מְנֹרָה 42 n.f. lampstand

in private house

ten lampstands in temple

seven-branched lampstand in tabern.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4501 מְנוֹרָה, מְנֹרָה lampstand

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4501 mnowrah men-o-raw'

or mnorah {men-o-raw'}; feminine of 4500 (in the original

sense of 5216); a chandelier:--candlestick.

see HEBREW for 04500

see HEBREW for 05216

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מְנוֹרָה (me.no.rah) — lampstand.

lamp stand

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular construct
HNcfsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and the object marker [the] lampstand of the light and the object marker equipment its and the object marker lamps its and the object marker [the] oil of the light
הַמָּא֛וֹרha.ma.'or the light H3974 Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
19× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means light, like the sun or a lamp, and also happiness or cheerfulness. It's used in the Bible to describe God's presence and joy. The KJV translates it as 'light' or 'bright'.
Amplified meaning
happiness, cheerfulness
Tyndale gloss
light
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מָאוֹר (ma'owr) refers to a luminary or luminous body, encompassing concepts of light and brightness. It can also denote cheerfulness and specifically refers to a chandelier. The word is derived from a root meaning 'light' and is connected to the idea of illumination.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מָאוֹר n.m. luminary

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3974 מָאוֹר luminary

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3974 ma'owr maw-ore'

or maor {maw-ore'}; also (in plural) feminine mpowrah

{meh-o-raw'}; or morah {meh-o-raw'}; from 215; properly, a

luminous body or luminary, i.e. (abstractly) light (as an

element): figuratively, brightness, i.e.cheerfulness;

specifically, a chandelier:--bright, light.

see HEBREW for 0215

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מָאוֹר (ma.or) — light.

light, luminary

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
HTd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

lit ('or, ma'or; phos; many other words):

1. Origin of Light

2. A Comprehensive Term

(1) Natural Light

(2) Artificial Light

(3) Miraculous Light

(4) Mental, Moral, Spiritual Light

3. An Attribute of Holiness

(1) God

(2) Christ

(3) Christians

(4) The Church

4. Symbolism

5. Expressive Terms

1. Origin of Light:

The creation of light was the initial step in the creation of life. "Let there be light" (Ge 1:3) was the first word of God spoken after His creative Spirit "moved" upon the primary material out of which He created the heavens and the earth, and which lay, until the utterance of that word, in the chaos of darkness and desolation. Something akin, possibly, to the all-pervasive electro-magnetic activity of the aurora borealis penetrated the chaotic night of the world. The ultimate focusing of light (on the 4th day of creation,

Light

The offspring of the divine command (Gen. 1:3). “All the more joyous emotions of the mind, all the pleasing sensations of the frame, all the happy hours of domestic intercourse were habitually described among the Hebrews under imagery derived from light” (1 Kings 11:36; Isa. 58:8; Esther 8:16; Ps. 97:11). Light came also naturally to typify true religion and the felicity it imparts (Ps. 119:105; Isa. 8:20; Matt. 4:16, etc.), and the glorious inheritance…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

One of the most wonderful, cheering, and useful of all the works of God; called into being on the first of the six days of creation, by his voice: "Let there be light;" and there was light. No object better illustrates whatever is pure, glorious, spiritual, joyful, and beneficent. Hence the beauty and force of the expressions, "God is light," 1Jo 1:5, and "the Father of lights," Jas 1:17; Christ is the "Sun of righteousness," and "the light of the world," Joh 1:9 8:12. So also the word of God is "a light," Ps 119:105; truth and Christians are lights, Joh 3:19 12:36; prosperity is "light," Es 8:16; and heaven is full of…

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Created Ge 1:3-5; Isa 45:7; 2Co 4:6

→ Miraculous Mt 17:2; Ac 9:3

→ FIGURATIVE AND SYMBOLICAL 1Ki 11:36; Ps 27:1; 119:105,130; Pr 6:23; Ec 2:13; Isa 8:20; 49:6; 58:8; 60:19,20; Mt 4:16; 5:14,16; Lu 2:32; 11:34; 16:8;

and the object marker [the] lampstand of the light and the object marker equipment its and the object marker lamps its and the object marker [the] oil of the light
וְאֶת־ve.'Et and the object marker H853 Conjunction · particle
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/To — Conjunction · particle
HC/To
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and the object marker [the] lampstand of the light and the object marker equipment its and the object marker lamps its and the object marker [the] oil of the light
כֵּלֶ֖יהָke.Lei.ha equipment its H3627 Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
325× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word refers to any object or tool, like a utensil or a piece of furniture. It is used to describe a wide range of items, from musical instruments to weapons. It emphasizes the object's purpose or function.
Amplified meaning
furniture, utensils
Tyndale gloss
article/utensil
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כְּלִי (kliy) refers to an article or utensil, encompassing a wide range of objects such as vessels, tools, and implements used for various purposes, including music and warfare. It is derived from a root meaning 'to prepare' and can denote anything from furniture to weapons. The entries highlight its general use in the Old Testament without significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כְּלִי 324 n.m. article, utensil, vessel

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3627 כְּלִי article, utensil, vessel

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3627 kliy kel-ee'

from 3615; something prepared, i.e. any apparatus (as an

implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon):--armour

((-bearer)), artillery, bag, carriage, + furnish, furniture,

instrument, jewel, that is made of, X one from another, that

which pertaineth, pot, + psaltery, sack, stuff, thing, tool,

vessel, ware, weapon, + whatsoever.

see HEBREW for 03615

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כְּלִי (ke.li) — article/utensil.

1) article, vessel, implement, utensil

1a) article, object (general)

1b) utensil, implement, apparatus, vessel

1b1) implement (of hunting or war)

1b2) implement (of music)

1b3) implement, tool (of labour)

1b4) equipment, yoke (of oxen)

1b5) utensils, furniture

1c) vessel, receptacle (general)

1d) vessels (boats) of paper-reed

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HNcmpc/Sp3fs
and the object marker [the] lampstand of the light and the object marker equipment its and the object marker lamps its and the object marker [the] oil of the light
וְאֶת־ve.'Et and the object marker H853 Conjunction · particle
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/To — Conjunction · particle
HC/To
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and the object marker [the] lampstand of the light and the object marker equipment its and the object marker lamps its and the object marker [the] oil of the light
נֵרֹתֶ֑יהָne.ro.Tei.ha lamps its H5216 Noun common feminine plural construct · suffix
49× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A lamp is a device that holds a flame, providing light. In the Bible, it's often used to symbolize guidance or spiritual light. The word can also refer to the light itself, rather than just the lamp.
Amplified meaning
devices for guidance
Tyndale gloss
lamp
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נֵר (ner) and נִיר (nir) both mean 'lamp' in Hebrew. The word is derived from a root that suggests brightness or glistening, and it can refer to a literal lamp or light as well as a figurative one. The entries indicate that these forms are interchangeable, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נֵר 43 n.m. lamp

base

נִיר n.[m.] lamp

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5216a נֵר lamp H5216b נִיר lamp

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5216 niyr neer

or nir {neer}; also neyr {nare}; or ner {nare}; or (feminine)

nerah {nay-raw'}; from a primitive root (see 5214; 5135)

properly, meaning to glisten; a lamp (i.e. the burner) or

light (literally or figuratively):--candle, lamp, light.

see HEBREW for 05214

see HEBREW for 05135

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נֵר (ner) — lamp.

lamp

Also means: nir (נִיר "lamp" H5216B)

נִיר (nir) — lamp.

lamp

Another spelling of ner (נֵר "lamp" H5216A)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp | Suff — Noun common feminine plural construct · suffix
HNcfpc/Sp3fs
and the object marker [the] lampstand of the light and the object marker equipment its and the object marker lamps its and the object marker [the] oil of the light
וְאֵ֖תve.'Et and the object marker H853 Conjunction · particle
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/To — Conjunction · particle
HC/To
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and the object marker [the] lampstand of the light and the object marker equipment its and the object marker lamps its and the object marker [the] oil of the light
שֶׁ֥מֶןShe.men [the] oil of H8081 Noun common · masculine singular construct
193× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for oil, often referring to olive oil, which was highly valued in ancient times. It symbolizes richness, anointing, and healing, and is used in various biblical contexts, including rituals and medicinal practices.
Amplified meaning
olive oil
Tyndale gloss
oil
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שֶׁ֫מֶן (shemen) refers to fat or oil, particularly olive oil, and includes meanings related to richness and anointing. It is derived from the root word for grease and can also metaphorically describe fertile land. The entries consistently highlight its use in contexts like medicinal applications and anointing.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שֶׁ֫מֶן 192 n.m. fat, oil

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8081 שֶׁ֫מֶן fat, oil

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8081 shemen sheh'-men

from 8080; grease, especially liquid (as from the olive,

often perfumed); figuratively, richness:--anointing, X fat

(things), X fruitful, oil((-ed)), ointment, olive, + pine.

see HEBREW for 08080

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שֶׁ֫מֶן (she.men) — oil.

1) fat, oil

1a) fat, fatness

1b) oil, olive oil

1b1) as staple, medicament or unguent

1b2) for anointing

1c) fat (of fruitful land, valleys) (metaph)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and the object marker [the] lampstand of the light and the object marker equipment its and the object marker lamps its and the object marker [the] oil of the light
הַמָּאֽוֹר׃ha.ma.'or the light H3974 Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
19× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means light, like the sun or a lamp, and also happiness or cheerfulness. It's used in the Bible to describe God's presence and joy. The KJV translates it as 'light' or 'bright'.
Amplified meaning
spiritual illumination, God's presence
Tyndale gloss
light
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מָאוֹר (ma'owr) refers to a luminary or luminous body, encompassing concepts of light and brightness. It can also denote cheerfulness and specifically refers to a chandelier. The word is derived from a root meaning 'light' and is connected to the idea of illumination.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מָאוֹר n.m. luminary

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3974 מָאוֹר luminary

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3974 ma'owr maw-ore'

or maor {maw-ore'}; also (in plural) feminine mpowrah

{meh-o-raw'}; or morah {meh-o-raw'}; from 215; properly, a

luminous body or luminary, i.e. (abstractly) light (as an

element): figuratively, brightness, i.e.cheerfulness;

specifically, a chandelier:--bright, light.

see HEBREW for 0215

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מָאוֹר (ma.or) — light.

light, luminary

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
HTd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

lit ('or, ma'or; phos; many other words):

1. Origin of Light

2. A Comprehensive Term

(1) Natural Light

(2) Artificial Light

(3) Miraculous Light

(4) Mental, Moral, Spiritual Light

3. An Attribute of Holiness

(1) God

(2) Christ

(3) Christians

(4) The Church

4. Symbolism

5. Expressive Terms

1. Origin of Light:

The creation of light was the initial step in the creation of life. "Let there be light" (Ge 1:3) was the first word of God spoken after His creative Spirit "moved" upon the primary material out of which He created the heavens and the earth, and which lay, until the utterance of that word, in the chaos of darkness and desolation. Something akin, possibly, to the all-pervasive electro-magnetic activity of the aurora borealis penetrated the chaotic night of the world. The ultimate focusing of light (on the 4th day of creation,

Light

The offspring of the divine command (Gen. 1:3). “All the more joyous emotions of the mind, all the pleasing sensations of the frame, all the happy hours of domestic intercourse were habitually described among the Hebrews under imagery derived from light” (1 Kings 11:36; Isa. 58:8; Esther 8:16; Ps. 97:11). Light came also naturally to typify true religion and the felicity it imparts (Ps. 119:105; Isa. 8:20; Matt. 4:16, etc.), and the glorious inheritance…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

One of the most wonderful, cheering, and useful of all the works of God; called into being on the first of the six days of creation, by his voice: "Let there be light;" and there was light. No object better illustrates whatever is pure, glorious, spiritual, joyful, and beneficent. Hence the beauty and force of the expressions, "God is light," 1Jo 1:5, and "the Father of lights," Jas 1:17; Christ is the "Sun of righteousness," and "the light of the world," Joh 1:9 8:12. So also the word of God is "a light," Ps 119:105; truth and Christians are lights, Joh 3:19 12:36; prosperity is "light," Es 8:16; and heaven is full of…

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Created Ge 1:3-5; Isa 45:7; 2Co 4:6

→ Miraculous Mt 17:2; Ac 9:3

→ FIGURATIVE AND SYMBOLICAL 1Ki 11:36; Ps 27:1; 119:105,130; Pr 6:23; Ec 2:13; Isa 8:20; 49:6; 58:8; 60:19,20; Mt 4:16; 5:14,16; Lu 2:32; 11:34; 16:8;

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

Everything we make is available for free because of a generous community of supporters.

Donate