Isaiah 33:16 — Word Study
WLCה֚וּא מְרוֹמִ֣ים יִשְׁכֹּ֔ן מְצָד֥וֹת סְלָעִ֖ים מִשְׂגַּבּ֑וֹ לַחְמ֣וֹ נִתָּ֔ן מֵימָ֖יו נֶאֱמָנִֽים׃
BSA◂hehûwʼ [the righteous one] will dwellshâkan▸ [live, reside, abide] ◂on the heightsmârôwm [high places, mountain strongholds] the mountainçelaʻ fortressmᵉtsad [stronghold of rocks, high tower] [will be] his refugemisgâb [safe haven, high refuge] his foodlechem [bread, provision] will be providednâthan [given, supplied] [and] his watermayim [source of refreshment] assuredʼâman [faithful, certain]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| ה֚וּא | he | Pronoun |
| מְרוֹמִ֣ים | high places | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| יִשְׁכֹּ֔ן | he will dwell | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| מְצָד֥וֹת | [will be] strongholds of | Noun common, feminine plural construct |
| סְלָעִ֖ים | cliffs | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| מִשְׂגַּבּ֑וֹ | refuge his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| לַחְמ֣וֹ | food his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| נִתָּ֔ן | [will be] given | Verb, Niphal, participle (active) masculine singular |
| מֵימָ֖יו | water his | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| נֶאֱמָנִֽים׃ | [will be] reliable | Verb, Niphal, participle (active) masculine plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | he will dwell on the heights; the mountain fortress will be his refuge; his food will be provided and his water assured. |
| KJV | He shall dwell on high: his place of defence shall be the munitions of rocks: bread shall be given him; his waters shall be sure. |
| ASV | He shall dwell on high; his place of defence shall be the munitions of rocks; his bread shall be given him; his waters shall be sure. |
| YLT | He high places doth inhabit, Strongholds of rock [are] his high tower, His bread hath been given, his waters stedfast. |
| WEB | he will dwell on high. His place of defense will be the fortress of rocks. His bread will be supplied. His waters will be sure. |
| BBE | He will have a place on high: he will be safely shut in by the high rocks: his bread will be given to him; his waters will be certain. |
The translations agree on the rendering of הוּא as 'he'.
The sentence has a main clause followed by several subordinate phrases that describe the subject and provide additional details.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectהוּא
verbשָׁכַן
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Isaiah 33:16
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Blessings of the Righteousgenerated
Isaiah 33:16 describes the blessings and security that come to the righteous one, who dwells in high places and is provided for by God. This verse emphasizes the protection and sustenance that the righteous can expect, contrasting their state with the chaos around them. The surrounding verses (15-18) elaborate on the character of the righteous and the assurance of God's provision, reinforcing the theme of divine care and refuge.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isaiah 32:18 | Then my people will dwell in a peaceful place, in safe and secure places of rest. |
| 2 | Psalm 15:1 | O LORD, who may abide in Your tent? Who may dwell on Your holy mountain? |
| 3 | Psalm 90:1 | Lord, You have been our dwelling place through all generations. |
| 4 | Psalm 91:1–10 | He who dwells in the shelter of the Most High will abide in the shadow of the Almighty. |
| 5 | Psalm 107:41 | But He lifts the needy from affliction and increases their families like flocks. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 15 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — הוּא, hu'generated
The Hebrew word הוּא (hu') is a third-person singular pronoun meaning 'he', 'she', or 'it'. In this context, it emphasizes the subject, the righteous one, who is the focus of the verse.
This pronoun serves to clarify who is being discussed, underscoring the personal nature of God's promises to the righteous. It is a simple yet powerful way to highlight the individual who will receive these blessings.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations agree on the rendering of הוּא as 'he' across versions, including the BSB, KJV, ASV, YLT, WEB, and BBE.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb יִשְׁכֹּ֔ן (yishkon), meaning 'he will dwell', governs the structure of the sentence. It is followed by a noun phrase that describes where he will dwell and additional clauses that detail his refuge and provisions.
The sentence structure emphasizes the subject's state and the provisions surrounding him, showcasing a clear hierarchy of information.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates הוּא as οὗτος (houtos), which also means 'he' or 'this one'. This choice aligns closely with the Hebrew, maintaining the focus on the individual.
This translation choice highlights the continuity of meaning, ensuring that the emphasis on the righteous one is preserved in the Greek rendering.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Isaiah 33:16 describes the blessings that come to the righteous one. He will dwell securely in high places, like a fortress, and his needs for food and water will be met. This verse assures that the righteous will find refuge and provision in God.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies a place of safety and security, where the righteous are protected and provided for by God.
The verse highlights that the righteous, who walk uprightly, will receive God's provision and protection in contrast to the wicked.
It implies that God will ensure that the righteous have all they need for sustenance, both physically and spiritually.
Heights and strongholds symbolize safety, strength, and divine protection, emphasizing the secure position of the righteous in God's care.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have I experienced God's provision in my life?
- How can I cultivate a character that aligns with the description of the righteous in this verse?
- What does it mean for me to find refuge in God during difficult times?
- How can I support others in seeking the same security and provision from God?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The commentary from Gregory the Dialogist draws on this verse to discuss the significance of spiritual nourishment, linking it to the teaching of perfection.
By the name of bread the teaching of perfection is shown, as Paul attests, who, rousing the weak to conversion, says: “I gave you milk to drink, not solid food.Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 33 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Isaiah 33:16 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleHe shall dwell on high,.... And so in safety: this is opposed to the fears of hypocrites, the grovelling life of a worldling, and the low life of many professors, and is expressive of the security of good men.
Read John Gill on Isaiah 33 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryHe shall dwell on high: his place of defence shall be the munitions of rocks: bread shall be given him; his waters shall be sure. He shall dwell on high - heights inaccessible to the foe (Isaiah 26:1).
Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 33 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHe shall dwell on high; out of the reach of danger. Bread shall be given him, his waters shall be sure; God will furnish him with all necessaries.
Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 33 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsIsaiah 33:16 He shall dwell on high: his place of defence [shall be] the munitions of rocks: bread shall be given him; his waters [shall be] sure.Ver. 16. He shall dwell on high.] Extra iactum, out of the gunshot, the reach of evils and enemies. Or in heaven shall he dwell with God in safety who is to the wicked a consuming fire. His place of defence shall be the munitions of rocks.] Rocks within rocks; rocks beneath, above rocks; rocks so deep no pioneer can undermine them, so thick no cannon can pierce them, so high no ladder can scale them, &c. Bread shall be given him; his waters shall not fail.] He shall have all that his heart can wish, or need require.
Read John Trapp on Isaiah 33 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(15, 16) He that walketh righteously . . .—The answer to the question shows that the words point not to endless punishments, but to the infinite holiness of God. The man who is true and just in all his dealings can dwell in closest fellowship with that holiness which is to others as a consuming fire. To him it is a protection and defence, a “rock fortress,” in which he can dwell securely, where he will find all that he needs for the sustenance of soul and body, the bread and the water of life. The picture of the righteous man is in part an echo, probably a conscious echo, of Psalms 15, 24
Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 33 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges16. he shall dwell on high] (lit. “inhabit heights”), i.e. in absolute security, as is said of Jehovah Himself in Isaiah 33:5. the munitions of rocks] inexpugnable rock-fortresses. bread shall be given …] The image of a siege is still kept up: the righteous inhabits a fortress that shall never be starved into surrender.
Read Cambridge on Isaiah 33 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleHe shall dwell on high - See the margin. Heights, or high places, were usually places of safety, being, inaccessible to an enemy.
Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 33 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible13-16. And then, as if this judgment were accomplished, the prophet turns to the sinners by whom himself, as counsellor to the pious king, has been so long baffled in Jerusalem.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Isaiah 33 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
he will dwell on the heights; the mountain fortress will be his refuge; his food will be provided and his water assured.
he will dwell on high. His place of defense will be the fortress of rocks. His bread will be supplied. His waters will be sure.
he will dwell on the heights; the mountain fortress will be his refuge; his food will be provided and his water assured.
This is the person who will live in a secure place; he will find safety in the rocky, mountain strongholds; he will have food and a constant supply of water.
Tyndale line
He shall dwell on high: his place of defence shall be the munitions of rocks: bread shall be given him; his waters shall be sure.
He shall dwell on high; his place of defence shall be the munitions of rocks; his bread shall be given him; his waters shall be sure.
He shall dwell on high: his place of defence shall be the munitions of rocks: his bread shall be given him; his waters shall be sure.
He shall dwell on high: his place of defense shall be the munitions of rocks: bread shall be given him; his waters shall be sure.
He shall dwell on hie: his defence shall be the munitions of rockes: bread shalbe giuen him, and his waters shalbe sure.
Strictly literal
he shall dwell on high, the fortresses of the rocks shall be his high retreat; bread shall be given him, his water shall be sure.
He high places doth inhabit, Strongholds of rock [are] his high tower, His bread hath been given, his waters stedfast.
He inhabits high places, || Strongholds of rock [are] his high tower, || His bread has been given, his waters steadfast.
He shall dwell on high; rocky strongholds shall be his refuge: his bread shall be given him; his water shall be sure.
this is the man who will dwell on the heights, his place of defense will be the fortress among the cliffs, his food will be given, and his water will be in steady supply.
From the Latin
He shall dwell on high, the fortifications of rocks shall be his highness: bread is given him, his waters are sure.
Simplified
They will live on high; they will be protected by the mountain fortresses; they will always be provided with food and will always have water.
He will have a place on high: he will be safely shut in by the high rocks: his bread will be given to him; his waters will be certain.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text, the Septuagint, and the Dead Sea Scrolls all agree on the wording of this verse, with the Septuagint providing a direct correspondence to the Hebrew. The Dead Sea Scrolls contain partial restorations but align closely with the Masoretic Text.
ה֚וּא מְרוֹמִ֣ים יִשְׁכֹּ֔ן מְצָד֥וֹת סְלָעִ֖ים מִשְׂגַּבּ֑וֹ לַחְמ֣וֹ נִתָּ֔ן מֵימָ֖יו נֶאֱמָנִֽים׃
10 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
הוא מרומים ישכון מצדות סלעים משגב׳ו לחמ׳ו נתן מימי׳ו נאמנים
10 words on the leather.
[הוא] [מרומים] [ישכן] [מצדות] [סלעים] [משגב׳ו] [לחמ׳ו] [נתן] [מימי׳ו] נאמנים
nothing on the leather here — 1 partly restored, 9 supplied entire by an editor.
סלעים [משגב׳ו] [לחמ׳ו] [נתן] [מימי׳ו] [נאמנים]
6 words of the verse are on this fragment — 1 partly restored, 5 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 33:16
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
הוּא (hu) is a third-person singular pronoun meaning he, she, or it, used for emphasis or when no verb is present. It can also refer to oneself or serve as a demonstrative pronoun. The word has various nuances, including resuming the subject with emphasis or expressing it unobtrusively. It can indicate 'that' or 'those' when used with the definite article.
הוּא m. הִיא f., pron. of the 3rd ps. sing. he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it
an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
It resumes the subj. with emph.
Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
As an emph. predicate, of God
In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
base
H1931 הוּא, הִיא he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it . an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
. It resumes the subj. with emph.
. Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
. It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
. As an emph. predicate, of God
. In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
. With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
1931 huw' hoo
of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is hiyw {he}; a
primitive word, the third person pronoun singular, he (she or
it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also
(intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same;
sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally
(instead of copula) as or are:--he, as for her, him(-self),
it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they,
this, those, which (is), who.
הוּא (hu) — he/she/it.
pron 3p s
1) he, she, it
1a) himself (with emphasis)
1b) resuming subj with emphasis
1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate)
1d) (anticipating subj)
1e) (emphasising predicate)
1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron
2) that (with article)
Pron — PronounHPp3ms
ha: The fifth letter of the Hebrew alphabet; transliterated in this Encyclopedia as "h." It came also to be used for the number 5. For name, etc., see ALPHABET.
מָרוֹם (marowm) means 'height' and encompasses both concrete and abstract uses, referring to elevated places, elevation, and even pride. It can describe physical heights or be used figuratively for dignity and nobility. The word is poetically used in the Old Testament, with its root linked to the concept of altitude.
מָרוֹם n.m. height (poet.)
height, elevation (concr.), elevated place
alone = height of heaven
adv. fig., = proudly
fig. of nobles
base
H4791 מָרוֹם height (poet.)
4791 marowm maw-rome'
from 7311; altitude, i.e. concretely (an elevated place),
abstractly (elevation, figuratively (elation), or adverbially
(aloft):--(far) above, dignity, haughty, height, (most, on)
high (one, place), loftily, upward.
see HEBREW for 07311
מָרוֹם (ma.rom) — height.
1) height
1a) height, elevation, elevated place
1a1) in a high place (adv)
1b) height
1c) proudly (adv)
1d) of nobles (fig.)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
The ancient Canaanites, and other nations, worshipped the heavenly bodies and their idols upon hills, mountains, and artificial elevations. The Israelites were commanded to destroy these places of idol worship, De 12:2, but instead of this, they imitated the heathen, and at first worshipped Jehovah in high places, 1Sa 9:12 1Ki 3:4, and afterwards idols, 1Ki 11:7 2Ki 17:10,11. Here also they built chapels or temples, "houses of the high places," 1Ki 13:32 2Ki 17:29, and had regular priests,
שָׁכַן (shakan) is a Hebrew verb meaning to settle down, abide, or dwell. It encompasses various forms of residing, both literally and figuratively, and includes nuances of establishing or causing to dwell. The entries indicate its use in different grammatical forms, such as Qal, Piel, and Hiphil, which express actions related to dwelling and establishing habitation.
שָׁכַן, שָׁכֵ֑ן 129 vb. settle down, abide, dwell
Qal
settle down to abide
abide, dwell
Pi.
make settle down, establish
make to dwell
Hiph.
lay
cause birds to settle
cause to dwell
base
H7931 שָׁכַן, שָׁכֵ֑ן settle down, abide, dwell
7931 shakan shaw-kan'
a primitive root (apparently akin (by transmission) to 7901
through the idea of lodging; compare 5531, 7925); to reside or
permanently stay (literally or figuratively):--abide,
continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-er), have habitation,
inhabit, lay, place, (cause to) remain, rest, set (up).
see HEBREW for 05531
see HEBREW for 07925
שָׁכַן (sha.khan) — to dwell.
1) to settle down, abide, dwell, tabernacle, reside
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to settle down to abide
1a2) to abide, dwell, reside
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to make settle down, establish
1b2) to make or cause to dwell
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to lay, place, set, establish, settle, fix
1c2) to cause to dwell or abide
Aramaic equivalent: she.khan (שְׁכֵן "to dwell" H7932)
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
dwel:
(1) In the Old Testament "dwell" is a translation of 9 words, of which by far the most frequent is yashabh, "to sit down," translated "dwell" over 400 times (Ge 4:20; Jos 20:4; 1Ch 17:1,4,5, etc.); also very frequently "sit," and sometimes "abide," "inhabit," "remain." Another word often rendered "dwell" is shakhan or shakhen ("to settle down"), from which is derived the rabbinic word shekhinah (literally, "that which dwells"), the light on the mercy-seat which symbolized the Divine presence (Ex 25:8, etc.). In order to avoid appearing to localize the Divine Being, wherever God is said to "dwell" in a place, the Targum renders that He "causes His Shekinah to dwell"…
Dwell
Tents were in primitive times the common dwellings of men. Houses were afterwards built, the walls of which were frequently of mud (Job 24:16; Matt. 6:19, 20) or of sun-dried bricks.
God “dwells in light” (1 Tim. 6:16; 1 John 1:7), in heaven (Ps. 123:1), in his church (Ps. 9:11; 1 John 4:12). Christ dwelt on earth in the days of his humiliation (John 1:14). He now dwells in the hearts of his people (Eph.…
מְצָד (metsad) refers to a stronghold or fastness, often associated with a place of refuge or ambush. It can denote a castle or fort, and is sometimes specifically linked to mountainous areas. The term is derived from a root meaning to cover or conceal, emphasizing its defensive connotations.
מְצָד, מְצַד n.f. fastness, stronghold (prop. hunting-place ?)
mountain-fastness
more gen., stronghold
base
H4679 מְצָד, מְצַד fastness, stronghold (prop. hunting-place ?) . mountain-fastness
. more gen., stronghold
4679 mtsad mets-ad'
or mtsad {mets-awd'}; or (feminine) mtsadah {mets-aw-daw'};
from 6679; a fastness (as a covert of ambush):--castle, fort,
(strong) hold, munition.
see HEBREW for 06679
מְצָד (me.tsad) — stronghold.
1) fort, stronghold, fastness
1a) mountain-fastness
1b) stronghold
N-fp — Noun common · feminine plural constructHNcfpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
סֶ֫לַע (cela`) refers to a crag or cliff, indicating a strong, rocky formation. It can denote both a literal rock and a figurative stronghold, suggesting security and loftiness. The entries consistently emphasize its meanings related to rugged terrain and fortification, with no significant disagreements noted among the lexicons.
סֶ֫לַע 61 n.m. crag, cliff
base
H5553 סֶ֫לַע crag, cliff
5553 cela` seh'-lah
from an unused root meaning to be lofty; a craggy rock,
literally or figuratively (a fortress):--(ragged) rock,
stone(-ny), strong hold.
סֶ֫לַע (se.la) — rock.
The Rock
Sela (H5554)
סֶ֫לַע (se.la) — crag.
1) crag, cliff, rock
1a) crag, cliff
1b) as stronghold of Jehovah, of security (fig.)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
מִשְׂגָּב (misgab) refers to a secure height or retreat, often understood as a refuge or stronghold. It can denote a lofty or inaccessible place, and is specifically mentioned as a location in Moab in Jeremiah 48:1. The term emphasizes both physical elevation and the concept of safety.
ref
H4869a מִשְׂגָּב secure height, retreat H4869b מִשְׂגָּב in Moab
4869 misgab mis-gawb'
from 7682; properly, a cliff (or other lofty or inaccessible
place); abstractly, altitude; figuratively, a refuge:--
defence, high fort (tower), refuge, Misgab, a place in
Moab:--Misgab.
see HEBREW for 07682
מִשְׂגָּב (mis.gav) — high refuge.
1) high place, refuge, secure height, retreat
1a) stronghold
1b) refuge (of God)
מִשְׂגָּב (mis.gav) — Misgab.
Word sometimes translated as a name, only mentioned at Jer.48.1
§ Misgab = "height"
a place in Moab
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
לֶ֫חֶם (lechem) means bread or food, encompassing items like grain and provisions for both humans and animals. It is derived from a related root and is used in various contexts, particularly in the Old Testament. The entries consistently emphasize its primary association with bread, though they also acknowledge its broader meaning as food.
לֶ֫חֶם 296 n.m. and (rarely) f. bread, food
base
H3899 לֶ֫חֶם bread, food
3899 lechem lekh'-em
from 3898; food (for man or beast), especially bread, or
grain (for making it):--((shew-))bread, X eat, food, fruit,
loaf, meat, victuals. See also 1036.
see HEBREW for 03898
see HEBREW for 01036
לֶ֫חֶם (le.chem) — food.
: food(eating)
1) bread, food, grain
1a) bread
1a1) bread
1a2) bread-corn
1b) food (in general)
לֶ֫חֶם (le.chem) — food: bread.
: bread/loaf
1) bread, food, grain
1a) bread
1a1) bread
1a2) bread-corn
1b) food (in general)
לֶ֫חֶם (le.chem) — food: allowance.
: allowance
1) bread, food, grain
1a) bread
1a1) bread
1a2) bread-corn
1b) food (in general)
N-cs | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
The Hebrew word נָתַן (natan) means 'to give' and encompasses a wide range of applications such as putting, setting, and making. It can also indicate actions like bestowing, delivering, and assigning. The entries describe its use in various forms, including Qal, Niphal, and Hophal, but do not present any significant disagreements among lexicons.
נָתַן 2007 vb. give, put, set
Qal 1917
give
Put, set
Make, constitute
Niph.
82be given
Be put, set
Hoph.
be given, bestowed
= be given to one for wife
be put upon
base
H5414 נָתַן give, put, set .. give
. Put, set
. Make, constitute
. . be given
. Be put, set
. . . be given, bestowed
. = be given to one for wife
. be put upon
5414 nathan naw-than'
a primitive root; to give, used with greatest latitude of
application (put, make, etc.):--add, apply, appoint, ascribe,
assign, X avenge, X be ((healed)), bestow, bring (forth,
hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, +
cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, X doubtless, X
without fail, fasten, frame, X get, give (forth, over, up),
grant, hang (up), X have, X indeed, lay (unto charge, up),
(give) leave, lend, let (out), + lie, lift up, make, + O that,
occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, X
pull , put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send
(out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), + sing, + slander,
strike, (sub-)mit, suffer, X surely, X take, thrust, trade,
turn, utter, + weep, + willingly, + withdraw, + would (to)
God, yield.
נָתַן (na.tan) — to give: give.
: give/deliver/send/produce
1) to give, put, set
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to give, bestow, grant, permit, ascribe, employ, devote, consecrate, dedicate, pay wages, sell, exchange, lend, commit, entrust, give over, deliver up, yield produce, occasion, produce, requite to, report, mention, utter, stretch out, extend
1a2) to put, set, put on, put upon, set, appoint, assign, designate
1a3) to make, constitute
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be given, be bestowed, be provided, be entrusted to, be granted to, be permitted, be issued, be published, be uttered, be assigned
1b2) to be set, be put, be made, be inflicted
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be given, be bestowed, be given up, be delivered up
1c2) to be put upon
נָתַן (na.tan) — to give: put.
: put/set/apppoint
1) to give, put, set
1a) (Qal)
V-Niphal — Verb · Niphal · participle (active) masculine singularHVNrmsa
מַי (mayim) is a Hebrew word meaning 'water' and is used in the plural form. It encompasses various meanings, including literal water, urine, and metaphorical uses related to refreshment or danger. The entries indicate it is derived from a primitive noun and is primarily referenced in contexts involving water.
[מַי] 580 n.m. only pl. מַ֫יִם waters, water
base
H4325 מַי only pl. מַ֫יִם waters, water
4325 mayim mah'-yim
dual of a primitive noun (but used in a singular sense);
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen:--+
piss, wasting, water(-ing, (-course, -flood, -spring)).
מַי (ma.yim) — water.
1) water, waters
1a) water
1b) water of the feet, urine
1c) of danger, violence, transitory things, refreshment (fig.)
מַי (ma.yim) — Water (Gate).
This name means water, refreshment
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp3ms
אָמַן (aman) is a Hebrew root meaning to support or confirm, with applications ranging from nurturing (as a foster parent or nurse) to establishing trust and reliability. It encompasses concepts of faithfulness, permanence, and assurance. The entries highlight its use in various forms, including verbs and nouns, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
[אָמַן] vb. confirm, support
Qal
as vb. support, nourish
as subst. foster-father
foster-mother, nurse
pillars, supporters of the door
Niph.
carried by nurse
made firm, sure, lasting
confirmed, established, sure
verified, confirmed
reliable, faithful, trusty
Hiph.
stand firm
trust, believe
base
H539 אָמַן confirm, support .. as vb. support, nourish
. as subst. foster-father
. foster-mother, nurse
. pillars, supporters of the door
. . carried by nurse
. made firm, sure, lasting
. confirmed, established, sure
. verified, confirmed
. reliable, faithful, trusty
. . stand firm
. trust, believe
539 'aman aw-man'
a primitive root; properly, to build up or support; to foster
as a parent or nurse; figuratively to render (or be) firm or
faithful, to trust or believe, to be permanent or quiet;
morally to be true or certain; once (Isa. 30:21;
interchangeable with 541) to go to the right hand:--hence,
assurance, believe, bring up, establish, + fail, be faithful
(of long continuance, stedfast, sure, surely, trusty,
verified), nurse, (-ing father), (put), trust, turn to the
right.
see HEBREW for 0541
אָמַן (a.man) — be faithful.
1) to support, confirm, be faithful
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to support, confirm, be faithful, uphold, nourish
1a1a) foster-father (subst.)
1a1b) foster-mother, nurse
1a1c) pillars, supporters of the door
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be established, be faithful, be carried, make firm
1b1a) to be carried by a nurse
1b1b) made firm, sure, lasting
1b1c) confirmed, established, sure
1b1d) verified, confirmed
1b1e) reliable, faithful, trusty
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to stand firm, to trust, to be certain, to believe in
1c1a) stand firm
1c1b) trust, believe
Aramaic equivalent: a.man (אֲמַן "to trust" H0540)
V-Niphal — Verb · Niphal · participle (active) masculine pluralHVNrmpa
