Isaiah 63:13 — Word Study
WLCמוֹלִיכָ֖ם בַּתְּהֹמ֑וֹת כַּסּ֥וּס בַּמִּדְבָּ֖ר לֹ֥א יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ׃
BSAthrough the depthstᵉhôwm [abyss, deep waters] like a horseçûwç [chariot, or swallow] in the wildernessmidbâr [desert, open field] so that they did notlôʼ [not falter, stumble] stumblekâshal▸
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| מוֹלִיכָ֖ם | [who] caused to walk them | Verb hiphil participle (active) masculine singular common, suffix |
| בַּתְּהֹמ֑וֹת | in the deeps | Preposition, noun common feminine plural absolute |
| כַּסּ֥וּס | like horse | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| בַּמִּדְבָּ֖ר | in the wilderness | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| לֹ֥א | not | Particle |
| יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ׃ | they stumbled | Verb, Niphal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | who led them through the depths like a horse in the wilderness, so that they did not stumble? |
| KJV | That led them through the deep, as an horse in the wilderness, that they should not stumble? |
| ASV | that led them through the depths, as a horse in the wilderness, so that they stumbled not? |
| YLT | Leading them through the depths, As a horse in a plain they stumble not. |
| WEB | Who led them through the depths, like a horse in the wilderness, so that they didn’t stumble? |
| BBE | He who made them go through the deep waters, like a horse in the waste land? |
Where they part company is בַּתְּהֹמ֑וֹת — see How Translations Differ.
The main clause describes God's action, with additional phrases providing context and simile, culminating in the assurance that they did not stumble.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbכָּשַׁל
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Isaiah 63:13
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — God's Guidance in Israel's Journeygenerated
Isaiah 63:13 reflects on how God led His people through challenging times, using vivid imagery to illustrate His guidance. This verse is part of a larger passage that recounts God's mighty acts and care for Israel, emphasizing His role as a leader and protector. The surrounding verses highlight God's strength and the comfort He provides to His people, reinforcing the theme of divine guidance throughout their journey.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 106:9 | He rebuked the Red Sea, and it dried up; He led them through the depths as through a desert. |
| 2 | Habakkuk 3:15 | You trampled the sea with Your horses, churning the great waters. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מוֹלִיכָ֖ם, mo.li.Khamgenerated
The verb מוֹלִיכָ֖ם (mo.li.Kham) is a hiphil participle, meaning 'who caused to walk them.' It emphasizes God's active role in leading His people, suggesting both direction and movement. The parsing indicates it is masculine singular with a suffix, referring specifically to the people being led.
This word captures the essence of divine guidance, portraying God as the one who leads His people through difficult circumstances, akin to a shepherd guiding sheep. The imagery of walking suggests a journey, both physically and spiritually, highlighting the relationship between God and His people.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations agree on the key elements of the verse.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb מוֹלִיכָ֖ם governs the sentence, indicating the action of leading. It is followed by a prepositional phrase indicating the context of the leading — through the depths — and concludes with a simile comparing the leading to a horse in the wilderness.
The structure emphasizes God's protective guidance, with the imagery of a horse suggesting strength and swiftness, while the wilderness context highlights the challenges faced by the people.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates מוֹלִיכָ֖ם as αὐτοὺς (G848), meaning 'them,' which maintains the focus on the people being led. This choice emphasizes the direct action of God in guiding His people.
The Greek word ἀβύσσου (G12) for בַּתְּהֹמ֑וֹת conveys a similar depth, reinforcing the imagery of overwhelming waters, which is consistent with the Hebrew meaning.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Isaiah 63:13 speaks of how God led His people through deep waters like a horse in the wilderness, ensuring they did not stumble. This verse highlights God's protective guidance during their journey, using vivid imagery to illustrate His care.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies God's guidance through difficult and challenging situations, ensuring their safety and direction.
The horse symbolizes strength and swiftness, suggesting that God leads His people with power and assurance.
The wilderness represents a place of challenge and uncertainty, highlighting God's role as a protector in difficult times.
It parallels themes found in other scriptures that describe God's faithful leadership, such as in Psalm 106:9 and Habakkuk 3:15.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what areas of my life do I need to trust God's guidance like the Israelites did?
- How can I recognize God's leading in my daily decisions?
- What does the imagery of a horse in the wilderness teach me about God's strength?
- How can I support others who are navigating their own wilderness experiences?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The early Church Fathers reference this verse to illustrate God's guidance and the role of the Holy Spirit in leading His people, as seen in their writings.
There can be no doubt that in refusing the accompaniment of an angel Moses was inviting God to lead them himself. God was making this promise, “This word that you have just spoken I shall accomplish,Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 63 →
Where is he who put in them the Holy Spirit, that is, he who established the divine and saving Spirit in them? For the Spirit descended from the Lord and guided them, saying, “David divinely uttered,Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 63 →
Indeed just as the Lord and the Son are one, the Lord is the Father. For they come together, and the Holy Spirit both is and can be understood to be in both,Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 63 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Isaiah 63:13 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThat led them through the deep,.... The depths, the bottom of the sea; not through the shallow, but where the waters had been deepest, the descent greatest; and at the bottom of which might have been
Read John Gill on Isaiah 63 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThat led them through the deep, as an horse in the wilderness, that they should not stumble? Deep - literally, the tossing and roaring sea.
Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 63 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThat led them through the deep; showing that God did not dry up shallow places, but the very depth of the sea, the very channel, which is the deepest part. Or, between those heaps of waters that stood up as a wall on each side of them, which might make it seem terrible, and therefore it is ascribed to their faith, . As an horse in the wilderness; or, plain; for so wilderness is sometimes taken, and may be here meant, by comparing it to a valley in the next verse, viz. with as much safety as the horse runs up and down in the plain ground; or, with as much ease and tenderness as a horse led by the bridle; not as men affrighted, but soberly and orderly. That they should not stumble: this may…
Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 63 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsIsaiah 63:13 That led them through the deep, as an horse in the wilderness, [that] they should not stumble?Ver. 13. That led them through the deep.] Which threatened to swallow them, but indeed preserved them; so doth every main affliction. As a horse in the wilderness.] Or, As a horse goeth in the plain, when led by his rider, in qua non est lutum vel lapis, where there is neither mire to stick in, nor stone to stumble at. See Psalms 106:9-11
Read John Trapp on Isaiah 63 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(13, 14) That led them . . .—Each comparison is singularly appropriate. Israel passes through the sea as a horse through the wide grassy plain (not the sandy desert, as “wilderness” suggests). Then, when its wanderings are over, it passes into Canaan, as a herd of cattle descends from the hills into the rich pasturage of the valleys, that guidance also coming from the Spirit of Jehovah.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 63 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 13. - 14. That led them through the deep - As a beast goeth down into the valley] In both these verses there is an allusion to the Israelites going through the Red Sea, in the bottom of which they found no more inconvenience than a horse would in running in the desert, where there was neither stone nor mud; nor a beast in the valley, where all was plain and smooth.
Read AdamClarke on Isaiah 63 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges13. the deep] R.V. the depths; Hebr. tìhômôth, see on ch. Isaiah 51:10. as a horse in the wilderness] treading as firmly and securely as the horse on the open pasture. Comp. the parallelism Psalms 106:9 : “He led them through the depths as through a pasture-land.”
Read Cambridge on Isaiah 63 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThat led them through the deep - They went through the deep on dry land - the waters having divided and left an unobstructed path.
Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 63 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
who led them through the depths like a horse in the wilderness, so that they did not stumble?
Who led them through the depths, like a horse in the wilderness, so that they didn’t stumble?
who led them through the depths like a horse in the wilderness, so that they did not stumble?
who led them through the deep water? Like a horse running on flat land they did not stumble.
Tyndale line
That led them through the deep, as an horse in the wilderness, that they should not stumble?
that led them through the depths, as a horse in the wilderness, so that they stumbled not?
that led them through the depths, as an horse in the wilderness, that they stumbled not?
That led them through the deep, as a horse in the wilderness, that they should not stumble?
Hee led them through the deepe, as an horse in the wildernesse, that they should not stumble,
Strictly literal
— who led them through the depths, like a horse in the wilderness, [and] they stumbled not?
Leading them through the depths, As a horse in a plain they stumble not.
Leading them through the depths, || They do not stumble as a horse in a plain.
That led them through the deeps, as a horse through the wilderness, that they should not stumble?
Where is God, who led them through the deep water? Like a horse running on flat land, they did not stumble.
From the Latin
He that led them out through the deep, as a horse in the wilderness that stumbleth not.
Simplified
Where is the one who led them through the depths of the sea?” They were like a horse running through the desert, they didn't stumble.
He who made them go through the deep waters, like a horse in the waste land?
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text, the Septuagint, and the Dead Sea Scrolls all agree in their wording for this verse, with only minor differences in spelling and restoration. The Septuagint's word order differs from the Hebrew, but it captures the same essential meaning.
מוֹלִיכָ֖ם בַּתְּהֹמ֑וֹת כַּסּ֥וּס בַּמִּדְבָּ֖ר לֹ֥א יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ׃
6 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
מוליכ׳ם בתומות כסוס במדיבר לוא יכשלו
6 words on the leather.
[מוליכ׳ם] [בתהמות] כסוס במדבר [לא] [יכשלו]
1 word on the leather — 1 partly restored, 4 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 63:13
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
הָלַךְ (halak) means 'to go,' 'come,' or 'walk,' and covers a wide range of literal and figurative uses, including aspects of life and death. It can describe physical movement, moral conduct, and even influence on character. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal, Piel, and Hithpael, indicating different nuances like leading or traversing.
הָלַךְ 1546 vb. go, come, walk
Qal Impf. usually (629 t.) as if from ילך
lit.
of persons
Also of animals, in similar meanings and combinations
in like manner of inanimate things
The inf. abs. is often used
as in other vbs., quite independently
to intensify meaning of finite form
most noteworthy is the joining of the Inf. abs.
with a following Inf. abs. denoting a simutaneous action or process, and so emphasizing duration or continuance
with a foll. vb. fin. c. ו consec. (rare)
in cases where vb. fin. is foll. by Inf. abs. adj. denoting progress, advance
twice, where vb. fin. is not הלך, but another vb. denoting motion
quite by itself
13 t. the Inf. abs. = Imv. & is followed by Pf. consec.
akin to the use of Inf. abs. are some instances of Pt.
In combination with other verbal forms
Fig.; the most common uses follow; in most the origin in a literal meaning is evident:
pass away, die
H1980 הָלַךְ go, come, walk .Impf. usually (629 t.) as if from ילך . lit. . of persons
. Also of animals, in similar meanings and combinations
. in like manner of inanimate things
. The inf. abs. is often used . as in other vbs., quite independently
. to intensify meaning of finite form
. most noteworthy is the joining of the Inf. abs. . with a following Inf. abs. denoting a simutaneous action or process, and so emphasizing duration or continuance
. with a foll. vb. fin. c. ו consec. (rare)
. in cases where vb. fin. is foll. by Inf. abs. + adj. denoting progress, advance
. twice, where vb. fin. is not הלך, but another vb. denoting motion
. quite by itself
. 13 t. the Inf. abs. = Imv. & is followed by Pf. consec.
. akin to the use of Inf. abs. are some instances of Pt.
. In combination with other verbal forms
1980 halak haw-lak'
akin to 3212; a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety
of applications, literally and figuratively):--(all) along,
apace, behave (self), come, (on) continually, be conversant,
depart, + be eased, enter, exercise (self), + follow, forth,
forward, get, go (about, abroad, along, away, forward, on,
out, up and down), + greater, grow, be wont to haunt, lead,
march, X more and more, move (self), needs, on, pass (away),
be at the point, quite, run (along), + send, speedily, spread,
still, surely, + tale-bearer, + travel(-ler), walk (abroad,
on, to and fro, up and down, to places), wander, wax,
(way-)faring man, X be weak, whirl.
see HEBREW for 03212
הָלַךְ (ha.lakh) — to go: went.
: went/go[away]
1) to go, walk, come
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go, walk, come, depart, proceed, move, go away
1a2) to die, live, manner of life (fig.)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to walk
1b2) to walk (fig.)
1c) (Hithpael)
1c1) to traverse
1c2) to walk about
1d) (Niphal) to lead, bring, lead away, carry, cause to walk
הָלַךְ (ha.lakh) — to go: come.
: come[nearer]
1) to go, walk, come
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go, walk, come, depart, proceed, move, go away
1a2) to die, live, manner of life (fig.)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to walk
1b2) to walk (fig.)
1c) (Hithpael)
1c1) to traverse
1c2) to walk about
1d) (Niphal) to lead, bring, lead away, carry, cause to walk
הָלַךְ (ha.lakh) — to go: walk.
: walk/move
1) to go, walk, come
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go, walk, come, depart, proceed, move, go away
1a2) to die, live, manner of life (fig.)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to walk
1b2) to walk (fig.)
1c) (Hithpael)
1c1) to traverse
HVhrmsc/Sp3mp — Verb hiphil participle (active) masculine singular common · suffixHVhrmsc/Sp3mp
תְּהוֹם (tehom) refers to a deep or abyss, often associated with the sea or subterranean waters. It encompasses meanings such as depths, the primeval ocean in Hebrew cosmology, and can also denote the grave. The word is typically feminine and is derived from a root meaning 'to surge.'
תְּהוֹם n.f. et m. deep, sea, abyss
deep, of subterranean waters
(deep) sea
primaeval ocean, deep, in Heb. cosmogony
deep, depth
abyss
base
H8415 תְּהוֹם deep, sea, abyss . deep, of subterranean waters
. (deep) sea
. primaeval ocean, deep, in Heb. cosmogony
. deep, depth
. abyss
8415 thowm teh-home'
or thom {teh-home'}; (usually feminine) from 1949; an abyss
(as a surging mass of water), especially the deep (the main
sea or the subterranean water-supply):--deep (place), depth.
see HEBREW for 01949
תְּהוֹם (te.hom) — abyss.
1) deep, depths, deep places, abyss, the deep, sea
1a) deep (of subterranean waters)
1b) deep, sea, abysses (of sea)
1c) primeval ocean, deep
1d) deep, depth (of river)
1e) abyss, the grave
Prep | N-cp — Preposition · noun common feminine plural absoluteHRd/Ncfpa
סוּס (sus) refers to both a 'swallow' and a 'horse,' derived from a root meaning to skip or leap. The word captures the swift nature of both the bird and the animal, often associated with chariot horses in the context of the Old Testament. There is a note in the entries about a comparison with another Hebrew word, but no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
סוּס n.[m.] swallow or swift
base
סוּס 138 n.m. horse
base
H5483a סוּס swallow or swift H5483b סוּס horse
5483 cuwc soos
or cuc {soos}; from an unused root meaning to skip (properly,
for joy); a horse (as leaping); also a swallow (from its rapid
flight):--crane, horse((-back, -hoof)). Compare 6571.
see HEBREW for 06571
סוּס (sus) — swallow.
swallow, swift
סוּס (sus) — Horse (Gate).
This name means horse
סוּס (sus) — horse.
1) horse
1a) chariot horses
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHRd/Ncmsa
hors:
1. Names:
The common names are (1) cuc, and
(2) hippos.
(3) The word parash, "horseman," occurs often, and in several cases is translated "horse" or "warhorse" (Isa 28:28; Eze 27:14; Joe 2:4 the Revised Version, margin); also in 2Sa 16, where the "horsemen" of English Versions of the Bible is ba`ale ha-parashim, "owners of horses"; compare Arabic faris, "horseman," and faras, "horse".
(4) The feminine form cucah, occurs in So 1:9, and is rendered as follows: Septuagint he hippos; Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible, 390-405 A.D.) equitatum; the King James Version "company of horses," the Revised Version (British and American) "steed." It is not clear why English Versions of the…
Horse
Always referred to in the Bible in connection with warlike operations, except Isa. 28:28. The war-horse is described Job 39:19-25. For a long period after their settlement in Canaan the Israelites made no use of horses, according to the prohibition, Deut. 17:16. David was the first to form a force of cavalry (2 Sam. 8:4). But Solomon, from his connection with Egypt, greatly multiplied their number (1 Kings 4:26; 10:26, 29). After this, horses were freely used in Israel (1 Kings 22:4; 2 Kings 3:7; 9:21, 33…
The most striking feature in the biblical notices of the horse is the exclusive application of it to warlike operations; in no instance is that useful animal employed for the purposes of ordinary locomotion or agriculture, if we except (Isaiah 28:28) The animated description of the horse in (Job 39:19-25) applies solely to the war-horse. The Hebrews in the patriarchal age, as a pastoral race, did not stand in need of the services Of the horse, and for a long period after their settlement in Canaan they dispensed with it, partly in consequence of the hilly nature of the country, which only admitted of the use of chariots in certain localities, (Judges 1:19) and partly in consequence to the prohibition in (17:16) which would be held to apply at all periods. David first established…
מִדְבָּר (midbar) primarily means 'mouth' in the sense of an organ of speech, but it also refers to 'wilderness' or 'desert.' The word is derived from a root meaning to drive, suggesting open fields for pasturing cattle. It encompasses various forms of uninhabited land and is notably used in contexts related to the wilderness, such as the Wilderness of Sinai.
[מִדְבָּר] n.m. mouth, as organ of speech, Ct 4:3
ref
מִדְבָר 270 n.m. wilderness
tracts of land, used for the pasturage of flocks and herds
uninhabited land
large tracts of such land bearing various names, in certain districts of which there might be towns and cities
fig.
base
H4057a מִדְבָּר mouth, as organ of speech H4057b מִדְבָר wilderness
4057 midbar mid-bawr'
from 1696 in the sense of driving; a pasture (i.e. open
field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert;
also speech (including its organs):--desert, south, speech,
wilderness.
see HEBREW for 01696
מִדְבָּר (mid.bar) — mouth.
1) mouth
1a) mouth (as organ of speech)
מִדְבָּר (mid.bar) — wilderness.
1) wilderness
1a) pasture
1b) uninhabited land, wilderness
1c) large tracts of wilderness (around cities)
1d) wilderness (fig.)
מִדְבָּר (mid.bar) — Wilderness (of Sinai).
This name means wilderness, uninhabited land
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHRd/Ncmsa
wil'-der-nes.
See DESERT; JUDAEA, WILDERNESS OF; WANDERINGS OF ISRAEL.
Wilderness
(1.) Heb. midhbar, denoting not a barren desert but a district or region suitable for pasturing sheep and cattle (Ps. 65:12; Isa. 42:11; Jer. 23:10; Joel 1:19; 2:22); an uncultivated place. This word is used of the wilderness of Beersheba (Gen. 21:14), on the southern border of Palestine; the wilderness of the Red Sea (Ex. 13:18); of Shur (15:22), a portion of the Sinaitic peninsula; of Sin (17:1), Sinai (Lev. 7:38), Moab (Deut. 2:8), Judah (
See DESERT.
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Part — ParticleHTn
כָּשַׁל (kashal) means to stumble or totter, often due to weakness. It can refer to physical stumbling, as well as metaphorical weakness or failure. The verb has various forms, including causing others to stumble or making them weak. The entries suggest a range of meanings from literal stumbling to broader implications of ruin and weakness.
כָּשַׁל vb. stumble, stagger, totter
Qal
stumble at, over, something (lit. by means of)
totter
Niph.
stumble
be tottering, feeble
Pi. only apparent
Hiph.
cause to stumble
make feeble, weak
Hoph. either and let them be ones who have stumbled before thee, i.e. regard them as such, or and let them be ones overthrown before thee
base
H3782 כָּשַׁל stumble, stagger, totter .. stumble at, over, something (lit. by means of)
. totter
. . stumble
. be tottering, feeble
. only apparent
. . cause to stumble
. make feeble, weak
. either and let them be ones who have stumbled before thee, i.e. regard them as such, or and let them be ones overthrown before thee
3782 kashal kaw-shal'
a primitive root; to totter or waver (through weakness of the
legs, especially the ankle); by implication, to falter,
stumble, faint or fall:--bereave (from the margin), cast down,
be decayed, (cause to) fail, (cause, make to) fall
(down, -ing), feeble, be (the) ruin(-ed, of), (be) overthrown,
(cause to) stumble, X utterly, be weak.
כָּשַׁל (ka.shal) — to stumble.
1) to stumble, stagger, totter
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to stumble
1a2) to totter
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to stumble
1b2) to be tottering, be feeble
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to cause to stumble, bring injury or ruin to, overthrow
1c2) to make feeble, make weak
1d) (Hophal) to be made to stumble
1e) (Piel) bereave
V-Niphal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVNi3mp