Job 24:19 — Word Study
WLCצִיָּ֤ה גַם־ חֹ֗ם יִגְזְל֥וּ מֵֽימֵי־ שֶׁ֗לֶג שְׁא֣וֹל חָטָֽאוּ׃
BSAAs droughttsîyâh [prolonged] andgam [intense] heatchôm [or extreme temperatures] consumegâzal▸ the melting snowsheleg [snow waters, icy liquid] so Sheolshᵉʼôwl [the underworld, place of no return, the grave, hell] steals those who have sinnedchâṭâʼ■ [plunders, takes away by force, committed, missed the mark]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| צִיָּ֤ה | drought | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| גַם־ | also | Adverb |
| חֹ֗ם | heat | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| יִגְזְל֥וּ | they snatch away | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| מֵֽימֵי־ | [the] waters of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| שֶׁ֗לֶג | snow | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| שְׁא֣וֹל | Sheol | Noun common, both singular construct |
| חָטָֽאוּ׃ | [those who] they have sinned | Verb, Qal, perfect third person common plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | As drought and heat consume the melting snow, so Sheol steals those who have sinned. |
| KJV | Drought and heat consume the snow waters: so doth the grave those which have sinned. |
| ASV | Drought and heat consume the snow waters: So doth Sheol those that have sinned. |
| YLT | Drought — also heat — consume snow-waters, Sheol [those who] have sinned. |
| WEB | Drought and heat consume the snow waters, so does Sheol those who have sinned. |
| BBE | Snow waters become dry with the heat: so do sinners go down into the underworld. |
The translations agree on the meaning of Sheol stealing those who have sinned.
The sentence presents a clear comparison, with the main clause establishing the imagery and the subordinate clause revealing the action of Sheol.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectשְׁאוֹל
verbגָּזַל
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 24:19
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Reflection on Injusticegenerated
Job 24:19 presents a vivid metaphor comparing the consuming effects of drought and heat on melting snow to Sheol's relentless grasp on those who have sinned. Job is addressing the apparent prosperity of the wicked while the righteous suffer, highlighting the ultimate fate that awaits those who do wrong. This verse serves as a poignant reminder of the consequences of sin, as Job contemplates the fate of the wicked in a world that often seems unjust.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Job 6:15–17 | But my brothers are as faithless as wadis, as seasonal streams that overflow, |
| 2 | Job 21:23–32 | One man dies full of vigor, completely secure and at ease. |
| 3 | Psalm 49:14 | Like sheep they are destined for Sheol. Death will be their shepherd. The upright will rule them in the morning, and their form will decay in Sheol, far from their lofty abode. |
| 4 | Psalm 58:8–9 | Like a slug that dissolves in its slime, like a woman’s stillborn child, may they never see the sun. |
| 5 | Psalm 68:2 | As smoke is blown away, You will drive them out; as wax melts before the fire, the wicked will perish in the presence of God. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 9 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — שְׁאֹול, she.'olgenerated
The term שְׁאֹול (sheol) refers to the underworld or grave, a place where the dead reside and from which there is no return. It is often associated with punishment and the finality of death, emphasizing the severity of sin. The parsing indicates it is a noun in the singular form, suggesting a specific concept rather than a general idea.
In this verse, Sheol is depicted as an active force that 'steals' or 'plunders' those who have sinned, emphasizing the inevitability of death and judgment. The imagery evokes a sense of urgency and finality, as Sheol is portrayed as a place that claims the unrepentant.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations of this verse are consistent in conveying the idea that Sheol takes away those who have sinned.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb יִגְזְל֥וּ (they snatch away) governs the main action of the verse, with the subject שְׁאֹול (Sheol) and the object חָטָֽאוּ (those who have sinned) clearly delineated. The structure emphasizes the relationship between Sheol and its victims, illustrating the consuming nature of sin.
This sentence is constructed with a parallelism that highlights the comparison between the natural phenomenon of melting snow and the spiritual reality of Sheol's claim on sinners.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint does not provide a direct Greek equivalent for the Hebrew word שְׁאֹול, indicating a lack of a specific term in Greek literature that fully captures its meaning. This absence suggests a cultural and linguistic gap in understanding the concept of the underworld as presented in Hebrew texts.
The translators' choice reflects a broader interpretation of the Hebrew text, indicating that the concept of Sheol may not have had a direct counterpart in the Greek worldview.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 24:19 compares drought and heat that consume melting snow to Sheol, which takes away those who have sinned. This verse illustrates the inevitability of death for those who do wrong, emphasizing the consequences of sin.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Sheol represents the underworld or grave, a place where the dead reside and signifies the ultimate fate of those who have sinned.
The melting snow symbolizes the fleeting nature of life and the consuming effects of sin, paralleling how Sheol claims those who have wronged.
The comparison implies that just as drought and heat can destroy life, so too does Sheol claim the lives of sinners, highlighting the seriousness of sin.
Sheol is significant as it represents the finality of death and the consequences of sin, serving as a warning throughout the Old Testament.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see the consequences of sin reflected in the world around me?
- How can understanding the concept of Sheol influence my view of sin and its impact on my life?
- What steps can I take to avoid the fate described in this verse?
- How does the imagery in this verse help me understand the seriousness of my actions?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Gregory the Dialogist comments on this verse, drawing a parallel between the consuming nature of sin and the finality of Sheol.
Let him pass to excessive heat from the snow waters. And his sin even to hell. Iniquity is on this account likened to cold, because the mind that sins it binds up with insensibility.Early Church Fathers on Job 24 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 24:19 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleDrought and heat consume the snow waters,.... Melt the snow into water, and dry up that, which is done easily, quickly, and suddenly: [so doth] the grave [those which] have sinned; all have sinned,
Read John Gill on Job 24 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryHe is swift as the waters; their portion is cursed in the earth: he beholdeth not the way of the vineyards. In these verses Job quotes the opinion of his adversaries, ironically: he quoted them so before (Job 21:17-21).
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 24 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleAs the snow, though it doth for a time lie upon the ground, yet at last is dissolved into water by the heat of the season, and that water quickly swallowed up by the earth when it is dry and thirsty; so ungodly sinners, though they live and prosper for a season, yet at last they shall go into the grave, which will consume them, together with all their hopes and comforts; their jolly life is attended with a sad, and ofttimes sudden and violent, death; not with such a death as the godly die, which perfects them and brings them to happiness, but with a consuming and never-dying death.
Read Matthew Poole on Job 24 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 24:19 Drought and heat consume the snow waters: [so doth] the grave [those which] have sinned.Ver. 19. Drought and heat consume the snow waters] Here also brevity hath bred obscurity. Snow waters, as they are more subtile, so they sooner sink into the dry earth; so die the wicked, quickly and easily. See Job 21:13; Job 21:31. There are that read the whole verse thus, In the drought and heat they rob, and in the snow waters; they sin to the grave; that is, they rob (and run into other flagitious practices) in all weather, summer and winter, and never stop till they die. They persist in their sins (saith Calvin) wherein they have been muzzled up, even to their grave. This is a good sense.…
Read John Trapp on Job 24 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(19) So doth the grave those which have sinned.—Job had already spoken of the sudden death of the wicked as a blessing (Job 9:23; Job 21:13), as compared with the lingering torture he himself was called upon to undergo.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 24 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 19. Drought and heat consume the snow-waters] The public cisterns or large tanks which had been filled with water by the melting of the snow on the mountains, and which water was stored for the irrigation of their lands, had been entirely exhausted by the intensity of the heat, and the long continuance of drought. So doth the grave those which have sinned.] For this whole paragraph we have only two words in the original; viz., שאול חטאו sheol chatau, "the pit, they have sinned;" which Mr. Good translates: - "They fall to their lowest depth." I believe the meaning to be, - even the deepest tanks, which held most water, and retained it longest, had become exhausted; so that expectation…
Read AdamClarke on Job 24 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges19. As the fierce heat and drought evaporate the abundant waters of the dissolving winter snow, leaving no trace of them, so doth Sheol engulf the sinners, that they disappear without a remnant from the world; comp. ch. Job 6:15 seq., Job 14:11; Isaiah 5:14.
Read Cambridge on Job 24 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleDrought and heat consume the snow-waters - Margin, “violently take;” see the notes at Job 6:17.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 24 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
As drought and heat consume the melting snow, so Sheol steals those who have sinned.
Drought and heat consume the snow waters, so does Sheol those who have sinned.
As drought and heat consume the melting snow, so Sheol steals those who have sinned.
The drought as well as the heat carry away the melted snow; so the grave takes away those who have sinned.
Tyndale line
Drought and heat consume the snow waters: so doth the grave those which have sinned.
Drought and heat consume the snow waters: So doth Sheol those that have sinned.
Drought and heat consume the snow waters: so doth Sheol those which have sinned.
Drouth and heat consume the snow-waters: so doth the grave those who have sinned.
As the dry ground and heate consume the snowe waters, so shall the graue the sinners.
Strictly literal
Drought and heat consume snow waters; so doth Sheol those that have sinned.
Drought — also heat — consume snow-waters, Sheol [those who] have sinned.
Drought—also heat—consume snow-waters, || Sheol—[those who] have sinned.
Drought and heat speedily consume the snow-waters: so doth the grave those who have sinned.
As drought and heat melt away the snow into waters, so Sheol takes away those who have sinned.
From the Latin
Let him pass from the snow waters to excessive heat, and his sin even to hell.
Simplified
Just as heat and drought dry up snowmelt, so Sheol takes away those who have sinned.
Snow waters become dry with the heat: so do sinners go down into the underworld.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of this verse, with a complete match of the eight words. This indicates a consistent understanding of the text across these ancient witnesses.
צִיָּ֤ה גַם־ חֹ֗ם יִגְזְל֥וּ מֵֽימֵי־ שֶׁ֗לֶג שְׁא֣וֹל חָטָֽאוּ׃
8 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 24:19
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
צִיָּה (tsiyah) refers to dryness or drought, stemming from a root that means to parch. It encompasses concepts of aridity, barren land, and wilderness. The term is used in contexts related to desolate or dry places.
צִיָּה n.f. dryness, drought
base
H6723 צִיָּה dryness, drought
6723 tsiyah tsee-yaw'
from an unused root meaning to parch; aridity; concretely, a
desert:--barren, drought, dry (land, place), solitary place,
wilderness.
צִיָּה (tsiy.yah) — dryness.
dryness, drought, desert
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
drout. See FAMINE.
Drought
From the middle of May to about the middle of August the land of Palestine is dry. It is then the “drought of summer” (Gen. 31:40; Ps. 32:4), and the land suffers (Deut. 28:23: Ps. 102:4), vegetation being preserved only by the dews (Hag. 1:11). (See DEW.)
Was an evil to which Palestine was naturally subject, as no rain fell from May to September. During these months of summer, the ground became parched and cleft, the streams and springs became dry, and vegetation was kept from extinction by the dews at night and by artificial irrigation. If rain did not come in its season and abundantly, the distress was general and dreadful. A drought therefore is threatened as one of God’s sorest judgments, Job 24:19 Jer 50:38 Joe 1:10-20 Hag 1:11; and there are many allusions to its horrors in Scripture, De 28:23 Ps 32:4 102:4.
גַּם (gam) is an adverb meaning 'also' or 'moreover,' indicating addition or emphasis. It can express various nuances, such as 'even,' 'indeed,' or 'but.' The term is often used in a correlational manner, as in 'both...and.' It appears in contexts that require clarification or reinforcement of a statement.
גַּם 768 adv. denoting addition, also, moreover, yea
base
H1571 גַּם denoting addition, also, moreover, yea
1571 gam gam
by contraction from an unused root meaning to gather;
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea,
though; often repeated as correl. both...and:--again, alike,
also, (so much) as (soon), both (so)...and , but, either...or,
even, for all, (in) likewise (manner), moreover,
nay...neither, one, then(-refore), though, what, with, yea.
גַּם (gam) — also.
1) also, even, indeed, moreover, yea
1a) also, moreover (giving emphasis)
1b) neither, neither...nor (with negative)
1c) even (for stress)
1d) indeed, yea (introducing climax)
1e) also (of correspondence or retribution)
1f) but, yet, though (adversative)
1g) even, yea, yea though (with 'when' in hypothetical case)
2) (TWOT) again, alike
Adv — AdverbHD
ol'-so: In the Greek kai, when it is equivalent to "also" or "even," is always placed before the word or phrase which it is intended to emphasize (e.g. Ac 12:3; 1 Joh 4:21). Mt 6:14 should therefore read, "Your heavenly Father will forgive you also"; Lu 6:13, "Whom also he named apostles"; Heb 8:6, "The mediator of a better covenant also"; and 1Th 4:14, `If we believe that Jesus died and rose again, so also (we believe that) those who are fallen asleep in Jesus, God will bring with Him.'
חֹם (chom) means 'heat' or 'to be hot' in Hebrew. It is derived from the root word חָם (cham, Strong's H2552). The term covers the concept of warmth and is used in contexts relating to temperature.
H2527 חֹם heat
2527 chom khome
from 2552; heat:--heat, to be hot (warm).
see HEBREW for 02552
חֹם (chom) — heat.
heat, hot
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
het (chom, horebh, "drought," Job 30:30; Isa 4:6; 25:4; Jer 36:30; sharabh, Isa 49:10, translated in the Revised Version margin "mirage"; zestos, "fervent," Re 3:15, therme, Ac 28:3, kauma, Re 7:16, kauson, Mt 20:12; see MIRAGE):
1. Dreaded in Palestine:
The heat of the summer is greatly dreaded in Palestine, and as a rule the people rest under cover during the middle of the day, when the sun is hottest. There is no rain from May to October, and scarcely a cloud…
→ Jonah overcome with Jon 4:8
→ See SUNSTROKE
גָּזַל (gazal) is a Hebrew verb that means to tear away, seize, or rob. It is built from a primitive root and covers actions like plundering or taking away by force. The verb appears in both the Qal and Niphal forms, indicating direct action and a passive state of being robbed, respectively.
גָּזַל vb. tear away, seize, rob
Qal tear away, rob
Niph. subj. sleep
base
H1497 גָּזַל tear away, seize, rob
1497 gazal gaw-zal'
a primitive root; to pluck off; specifically to flay, strip
or rob:--catch, consume, exercise (robbery), pluck (off), rob,
spoil, take away (by force, violence), tear.
גָּזַל (ga.zal) — to plunder.
1) to tear away, seize, plunder, tear off, pull off, rob, take away by force
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to tear away, rob
1a2) to seize, plunder (with acc cognate)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be robbed
1b2) to be taken away
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
מַי (mayim) is a Hebrew word meaning 'water' and is used in the plural form. It encompasses various meanings, including literal water, urine, and metaphorical uses related to refreshment or danger. The entries indicate it is derived from a primitive noun and is primarily referenced in contexts involving water.
[מַי] 580 n.m. only pl. מַ֫יִם waters, water
base
H4325 מַי only pl. מַ֫יִם waters, water
4325 mayim mah'-yim
dual of a primitive noun (but used in a singular sense);
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen:--+
piss, wasting, water(-ing, (-course, -flood, -spring)).
מַי (ma.yim) — water.
1) water, waters
1a) water
1b) water of the feet, urine
1c) of danger, violence, transitory things, refreshment (fig.)
מַי (ma.yim) — Water (Gate).
This name means water, refreshment
HNcmpc — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
שֶׁ֫לֶג (sheleg) means 'snow' and is derived from the root word for whiteness. It is consistently defined across entries as snow, with a reference to its Aramaic equivalent, תְּלַג (te.lag). The term appears in contexts related to snow in the Old Testament.
שֶׁ֫לֶג n.m. snow
base
H7950 שֶׁ֫לֶג snow
7950 sheleg sheh'-leg
from 7949; snow (probably from its whiteness):--snow(-y).
see HEBREW for 07949
שֶׁ֫לֶג (she.leg) — snow.
snow
Aramaic equivalent: te.lag (תְּלַג "snow" H8517)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
sno (shelegh, telagh (Da 7:9); chion):
(1) Snow is not uncommon in the winter in Jerusalem, but it never reaches any depth and in many winters it is not seen at all. It usually disappears, for the most part, as soon as the sun appears, though it may "hide itself" for a time in the gorge cut by a stream (Job 6:16). On lower levels than Jerusalem there is never sufficient to cover the ground, though often there are some flakes seen in the air. Even at sea-level there is occasionally a sufficient fall of hail to cover the ground. A very exceptional snowfall is related in 1 Macc 13:22 at Adora (near Hebron). It was heavy enough to prevent the movement of troops.
Snow
Common in Palestine in winter (Ps. 147:16). The snow on the tops of the Lebanon range is almost always within view throughout the whole year. The word is frequently used figuratively by the sacred writers (Job 24:19; Ps. 51:7; 68:14; Isa. 1:18). It is mentioned only once in the historical books (2 Sam. 23:20). It was “carried to Tyre, Sidon, and Damascus as a luxury, and labourers sweltering in the hot harvest-fields used it for the purpose of cooling the water which they drank (Prov. 25:13; Jer. 18:14).…
This historical books of the Bible contain only two notices of snow actually falling -- (2 Samuel 23:20) 1Macc 13:22; but the allusions in the poetical books are so numerous that there can be no doubt as to its being an ordinary occurrence in the winter months. (Psalms 147:16; 148:8) The snow lies deep in the ravines of the highest ridge of Lebanon until the summer is far advanced and indeed never wholly disappears; the summit of Hermon also perpetually glistens with frozen snow. From these sources probably the Jews obtained their supplies of ice for the purpose of cooling their beverages in summer. (Proverbs 25:13) The liability to snow must of course vary considerably in a country of such varying altitude as Palestine. At…
Is often alluded to in Scripture, for its whiteness, Ex 4:6; Nu 12:10; 2Ki 5:27; Ps 51:7; Isa 1:18, and for its cleansing qualities, Job 9:30. The expression in Pr 25:13, "as the cold of snow in the time of harvest," alludes to its use in preparing cool drinks for the reapers; while on the other hand, in Pr 26:1, "snow in summer," that is, a fall of snow, being unseasonable and unnatural, is compared to honors inappropriately lavished on a fool. Snow from…
שְׁאוֹל (sh'owl) refers to the underworld or the realm of the dead in Hebrew. It encompasses concepts such as hell, the grave, and a pit, often associated with punishment for the wicked and a place from which the righteous are not abandoned. The term implies a location of extreme degradation and is noted for its lack of praise for God.
שְׁאוֹל, שְׁאֹל n.f. Shᵉ’ōl, underworld (√ dub.; i.e. place of inquiry)
base
H7585 שְׁאוֹל, שְׁאֹל Shᵉ’ōl, underworld (√ dub.; i.e. place of inquiry)
7585 sh'owl sheh-ole'
or shol {sheh-ole'}; from 7592; Hades or the world of the
dead (as if a subterranean retreat), including its accessories
and inmates:--grave, hell, pit.
see HEBREW for 07592
שְׁאוֹל (she.ol) — hell: Sheol.
Sheol, underworld, grave, hell, pit
1a) the underworld
1b) Sheol-the OT designation for the abode of the dead
1b1) place of no return
1b2) without praise of God
1b3) wicked sent there for punishment
1b4) righteous not abandoned to it
1b5) of the place of exile (fig)
1b6) of extreme degradation in sin
N-proper — Noun common · both singular constructHNcbsc
she'-ol (she'ol):
1. The Name
2. The Abode of the Dead
(1) Not a State of Unconsciousness
(2) Not Removed from God's Jurisdiction
(3) Relation to Immortality
3. Post-canonical Period
1. The Name:
Sheol
(Heb., “the all-demanding world” = Gr. Hades, “the unknown region”), the invisible world of departed souls. (See HELL.)
→ See HELL (Hades)
חָטָא (chata') means to miss a goal or way, and is commonly translated as 'to sin.' It encompasses a range of meanings including incurring guilt, making a sin offering, and purifying from uncleanness. The word can also imply leading others to sin or causing oneself to lose one's way. It appears in various forms, such as Qal, Piel, Hiphil, and Hithpael, indicating different nuances of the concept of sin.
חָטָא 238 vb. miss (a goal or way), go wrong, sin
Qal
miss
sin, miss the goal or path of right and duty
incur guilt, penalty by sin, forfeit
Pi.
bear loss
make a sin offering
purify from sin
purify from uncleanness
Hiph.
miss the mark
induce or cause to sin
bring into guilt, condemnation, punishment
Hithp.
miss oneself, lose oneself, fig. for be bewildered, beside oneself
purify oneself from uncleanness
base
H2398 חָטָא miss (a goal or way), go wrong, sin .. miss
. sin, miss the goal or path of right and duty
. incur guilt, penalty by sin, forfeit
. . bear loss
. make a sin offering
. purify from sin
. purify from uncleanness
. . miss the mark
. induce or cause to sin
. bring into guilt, condemnation, punishment
. . miss oneself, lose oneself, fig. for be bewildered, beside oneself
. purify oneself from uncleanness
2398 chata' khaw-taw'
a primitive root; properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and
generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate,
repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn:--bear the blame,
cleanse, commit (sin), by fault, harm he hath done, loss,
miss, (make) offend(-er), offer for sin, purge, purify (self),
make reconciliation, (cause, make) sin(-ful, -ness), trespass.
חָטָא (cha.ta) — to sin.
1) to sin, miss, miss the way, go wrong, incur guilt, forfeit, purify from uncleanness
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to miss
1a2) to sin, miss the goal or path of right and duty
1a3) to incur guilt, incur penalty by sin, forfeit
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to bear loss
1b2) to make a sin-offering
1b3) to purify from sin
1b4) to purify from uncleanness
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to miss the mark
1c2) to induce to sin, cause to sin
1c3) to bring into guilt or condemnation or punishment
1d) (Hithpael)
1d1) to miss oneself, lose oneself, wander from the way
1d2) to purify oneself from uncleanness
V-Qal-Perf-3cp — Verb · Qal · perfect third person common pluralHVqp3cp
